CN107386556B - Light composite thermal insulation external wall panel - Google Patents
Light composite thermal insulation external wall panel Download PDFInfo
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- CN107386556B CN107386556B CN201710536108.6A CN201710536108A CN107386556B CN 107386556 B CN107386556 B CN 107386556B CN 201710536108 A CN201710536108 A CN 201710536108A CN 107386556 B CN107386556 B CN 107386556B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
- E04F13/07—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor
- E04F13/08—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements
- E04F13/0801—Separate fastening elements
- E04F13/0832—Separate fastening elements without load-supporting elongated furring elements between wall and covering elements
- E04F13/0833—Separate fastening elements without load-supporting elongated furring elements between wall and covering elements not adjustable
- E04F13/0835—Separate fastening elements without load-supporting elongated furring elements between wall and covering elements not adjustable the fastening elements extending into the back side of the covering elements
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
- E04F13/07—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor
- E04F13/08—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements
- E04F13/0866—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements composed of several layers, e.g. sandwich panels or layered panels
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
- E04F13/07—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor
- E04F13/08—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements
- E04F13/0875—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements having a basic insulating layer and at least one covering layer
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
- E04F13/07—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor
- E04F13/08—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements
- E04F13/0889—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements characterised by the joints between neighbouring elements, e.g. with joint fillings or with tongue and groove connections
- E04F13/0891—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements characterised by the joints between neighbouring elements, e.g. with joint fillings or with tongue and groove connections with joint fillings
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Building Environments (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a light composite heat-insulating external wall panel, and belongs to the field of building structures. The light composite heat-insulation external wall panel comprises a heat-insulation core board, reinforcing mesh layers positioned on two sides of the heat-insulation core board and a concrete layer poured on the reinforcing mesh layers, wherein a through long heat-insulation core board rib is arranged on the heat-insulation core board, a plurality of concrete ribs which are staggered with the heat-insulation core board ribs and matched with the heat-insulation core board ribs are arranged on the concrete layer, the heat-insulation core boards are multiple, and FRP shear connectors connected with the reinforcing mesh layers are bonded between two adjacent heat-insulation core boards at the concrete ribs. The invention has small self weight and large rigidity, and can improve the energy-saving effect and the production efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of building structures, in particular to a light composite heat-insulating external wall panel.
Background
The most commonly used heat-insulating composite external wall panel mainly comprises an inner-leaf reinforced concrete panel, an outer-leaf reinforced concrete panel and a middle heat-insulating core plate, wherein a reinforcing mesh is arranged in the concrete panel, a shear connector connects the inner-leaf reinforced concrete panel and the outer-leaf reinforced concrete panel with the heat-insulating core plate together, the shear connector mainly bears the shearing action between the reinforced concrete panels, the most commonly used steel wire truss composite wall panel shear connector is an obliquely inserted steel wire, the heat-insulating core plate is arranged in the middle of concrete, and the periphery of the heat-insulating core plate is made of concrete.
Because of the demand of receiving the side fascia fire prevention and atress performance, traditional heat preservation composite external wall board both sides reinforced concrete panel thickness can not be too thin (more than or equal to 50mm), and this will make composite external wall board's dead weight great, has increased the load and the earthquake power of structure, is unfavorable for the antidetonation to production, transportation and installation cost have been increased.
In addition, the connecting piece that present heat preservation composite external wall panel adopted mainly has three kinds: common steel wire truss connecting pieces, metal alloy connecting pieces and fiber plastic (FRP) connecting pieces. The existing FRP connecting piece mainly comprises an FRP rod type connecting piece, an FRP plate type connecting piece and an FRP lattice type connecting piece.
Because the existing shear connectors such as the inclined steel wires of the steel wire truss composite wall plate or other metal connectors have excellent performance, but have cold and hot bridge effect, thereby greatly reducing the overall thermal insulation performance of the wall plate and being not beneficial to building energy conservation and environmental protection.
When the existing inclined steel wire is connected with reinforcing mesh sheets in concrete plates on two sides, the existing inclined steel wire is manually inserted, and then is welded with the reinforcing mesh sheets by using machinery, so that the process is complex, the production efficiency is low, and the heat insulation core plate is easily damaged in the process, and the heat insulation performance is influenced.
The existing FRP connecting piece mostly adopts a direct-insertion completely-unassembled shear-resistant connecting piece, and the overall performance of the wallboard is poor.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a light composite heat-insulating external wall panel which has small self weight and high rigidity and can improve the energy-saving effect and the production efficiency.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a light composite heat preservation external wall panel, includes the heat preservation core, is located the reinforcing bar net and the pouring of heat preservation core both sides are in concrete layer on the reinforcing bar net, be provided with the heat preservation core rib of logical length on the heat preservation core, be provided with on the concrete layer a plurality of with the crisscross and mutually supporting concrete rib of heat preservation core rib, the heat preservation core is a plurality of, bond at concrete rib department between two adjacent heat preservation cores have with FRP shear connector that the reinforcing bar net is connected.
Further, the length of the FRP shear connector is equal to that of the heat-insulation core plate rib;
or the FRP shearing-resistant connecting pieces are discontinuously and alternately distributed in the direction vertical to the length direction of the heat-insulation core plate rib.
Furthermore, the cross section of the FRP shear connector is H-shaped, open slots are formed in the side edges of two flanges of the shear connector, or bulges are formed on the outer surfaces of the two flanges of the shear connector;
or, the FRP shear connector is in a strip plate shape.
Furthermore, four end faces of the heat-insulation core plate are provided with fireproof isolation blocks, and the fireproof isolation blocks separate concrete layers on two sides of the heat-insulation core plate.
Furthermore, the thickness of the fireproof isolation block is smaller than or equal to that of the heat preservation core plate, and the width of the fireproof isolation block is not smaller than 50 mm.
Furthermore, grooves are formed in two side faces, which are in contact with the concrete layer, of the fireproof isolation block;
or studs are arranged on two sides of the fireproof isolation block, which are in contact with the concrete layer.
Further, the studs on two sides of the fireproof isolation block are arranged in a staggered mode.
Furthermore, the cross-sectional shapes of the heat-insulating core plate rib and the concrete rib are trapezoidal, zigzag or wavy.
Furthermore, a door or window opening is formed in the light composite heat-insulation external wall panel, reinforcing ribs are arranged on the periphery of the door or window opening, and a tongue-and-groove is formed in the periphery of the outer portion of the concrete layer.
Further, the heat-insulating core plate is made of XPS, EPS, polyphenyl particle mortar, rock wool, glass silk floss or polyurethane heat-insulating materials, and the concrete layer is made of common concrete, light aggregate concrete or fiber reinforced concrete.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the lightweight composite thermal insulation external wall panel adopts a combination form of a reinforcing mesh, a ribbed concrete layer and a plurality of ribbed thermal insulation core plates, FRP shear connectors are bonded between adjacent thermal insulation core plates, concrete ribs are provided at the positions of the FRP shear connectors for wrapping, and the other positions are filled with the thermal insulation core plates, so that the self weight of the external wall panel is reduced on the premise of ensuring the strength of the thermal insulation external wall panel, and the thermal insulation effect is improved.
2. Because the heat-insulating core plate and the concrete layer are both provided with the ribs, under the condition that the bending rigidity and the bearing capacity of the light composite heat-insulating external wall panel and the heat-insulating external wall panel without the ribs (namely the heat-insulating external wall panel with uniform thickness) are basically consistent, the concrete consumption of the light composite heat-insulating external wall panel is reduced by about 20-40% compared with the heat-insulating external wall panel without the ribs, and the energy-saving effect is improved by about 5-20%.
3. The lightweight composite thermal insulation external wall panel provided by the invention utilizes the advantage of low heat conductivity coefficient of the FRP shear connector, solves the problem of thermal bridge existing in the steel wire truss composite thermal insulation external wall panel, reduces indoor heat loss, and is more energy-saving and environment-friendly.
4. The FRP connecting piece of the light composite thermal-insulation external wall panel and the thermal-insulation core board are connected together in a bonding mode, so that the problems that the thermal-insulation external wall panel is low in manufacturing efficiency, large labor cost is consumed, and the thermal-insulation core layer is easily damaged are solved, the production efficiency is improved, and the production cost is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a lightweight composite thermal insulation external wall panel according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a sectional view A-A of the lightweight composite thermal insulation external wall panel in FIG. 1, wherein the cross-sectional shape of the FRP shear connector is H-shaped, and the cross-sectional shape of the thermal insulation core plate rib is trapezoid;
FIG. 3 is a sectional view A-A of the lightweight composite thermal insulation external wall panel in FIG. 1, wherein the cross-sectional shape of the FRP shear connector is H-shaped, and the cross-sectional shape of the thermal insulation core plate rib is sawtooth-shaped;
FIG. 4 is a sectional view A-A of the lightweight composite thermal insulation external wall panel in FIG. 1, wherein the cross-sectional shape of the FRP shear connector is H-shaped, and the cross-sectional shape of the thermal insulation core plate rib is wave-shaped;
FIG. 5 is a sectional view A-A of the lightweight composite thermal insulation external wall panel in FIG. 1, wherein the FRP shear connector is in the shape of a long strip and the thermal insulation core rib has a trapezoidal cross section;
FIG. 6 is a sectional view taken along the line A-A of the lightweight composite thermal insulation external wall panel in FIG. 1, wherein the FRP shear connector is in the shape of a strip plate, and the thermal insulation core plate ribs are in the shape of saw-tooth cross sections;
FIG. 7 is a sectional view taken along the line A-A of the lightweight composite thermal insulation external wall panel in FIG. 1, wherein the FRP shear connectors are in the shape of long strips and the thermal insulation core ribs are in the shape of waves in cross section;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the lightweight composite thermal-insulation external wall panel of the present invention, wherein the FRP shear connectors are intermittently and alternately arranged in a direction perpendicular to the length direction of the thermal-insulation core panel ribs;
FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a first embodiment of an FRP shear connector of the lightweight composite thermal insulation external wall panel according to the invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a second FRP shear connector of the lightweight composite thermal insulation external wall panel according to the embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of a third embodiment of the FRP shear connector of the lightweight composite thermal insulation external wall panel of the invention;
FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view B-B of the lightweight composite thermal insulating exterior wall panel of FIG. 1;
FIG. 13 is a schematic structural view of a lightweight composite thermal insulation external wall panel according to the present invention, wherein the fireproof insulation blocks are provided with grooves;
FIG. 14 is a schematic structural view of the light composite thermal insulation external wall panel of the present invention, wherein the fireproof insulation blocks are provided with studs;
FIG. 15 is a schematic structural diagram of a special mold for manufacturing the lightweight composite thermal insulation external wall panel of the present invention;
FIG. 16 is a schematic structural diagram of a special mold for simultaneously manufacturing a plurality of lightweight composite thermal insulation external wall panels according to the present invention;
fig. 17 is a schematic structural diagram of a tongue-and-groove forming tool for the upper tongue-and-groove of the light composite thermal insulation external wall panel.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the following detailed description is given with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
The invention provides a light composite heat-insulating external wall panel, which comprises a heat-insulating core plate 1, reinforcing mesh 2 positioned at two sides of the heat-insulating core plate 1 and a concrete layer 4 poured on the reinforcing mesh 2, wherein the heat-insulating core plate 1 is provided with a through long heat-insulating core plate rib 1-1, the concrete layer 4 is provided with a plurality of concrete ribs 4-1 which are staggered with the heat-insulating core plate ribs 1-1 and are mutually matched, the heat-insulating core plates 1 are provided with a plurality of FRP shear connectors 3 connected with the reinforcing mesh 2 and bonded between the concrete ribs 4-1 between two adjacent heat-insulating core plates 1, as shown in figures 1 to 14.
The lightweight composite thermal insulation external wall panel adopts a combination form of a reinforcing mesh, a ribbed concrete layer and a plurality of ribbed thermal insulation core plates, FRP shear connectors are bonded between adjacent thermal insulation core plates, concrete ribs are provided at the positions of the FRP shear connectors for wrapping, and the other positions are filled with the thermal insulation core plates, so that the self weight of the external wall panel is reduced on the premise of ensuring the strength of the thermal insulation external wall panel, and the thermal insulation effect is improved.
Because the heat-insulating core plate and the concrete layer are both provided with the ribs, under the condition that the bending rigidity and the bearing capacity of the light composite heat-insulating external wall panel and the heat-insulating external wall panel without the ribs (namely the heat-insulating external wall panel with uniform thickness) are basically consistent, the concrete consumption of the light composite heat-insulating external wall panel is reduced by about 20-40% compared with the heat-insulating external wall panel without the ribs, and the energy-saving effect is improved by about 5-20%.
The lightweight composite thermal insulation external wall panel provided by the invention utilizes the advantage of low heat conductivity coefficient of the FRP shear connector, solves the problem of thermal bridge existing in the steel wire truss composite thermal insulation external wall panel, reduces indoor heat loss, and is more energy-saving and environment-friendly.
The FRP connecting piece of the light composite thermal-insulation external wall panel and the thermal-insulation core board are connected together in a bonding mode, so that the problems that the thermal-insulation external wall panel is low in manufacturing efficiency, large labor cost is consumed, and the thermal-insulation core layer is easily damaged are solved, the production efficiency is improved, and the production cost is reduced.
In the invention, an FRP shear connector 3 connected with a reinforcing mesh 2 is bonded between two adjacent heat-insulating core plates 1 at a concrete rib 4-1 position, namely the two adjacent heat-insulating core plates 1 are disconnected at the concrete rib 4-1 position, and after the FRP shear connector is bonded between the two heat-insulating core plates 1, concrete is poured to form the concrete rib 4-1 at the FRP shear connector.
Further, the length of the FRP shear connector 3 is preferably equal to that of the heat-insulating core plate rib 1; the structure can enable the FRP shear connector 3 and the heat-insulation core plate 1 to be rapidly bonded together, and the manufacturing efficiency of the heat-insulation external wall panel is improved.
Certainly, in order to save the use of the FRP material and the manufacturing cost of the thermal insulation external wall panel, on the premise of ensuring that the FRP shear connectors 3 bear the shearing action of the reinforced concrete panel member, the FRP shear connectors 3 may be intermittently and alternately distributed in the direction perpendicular to the length direction of the thermal insulation core panel ribs 1-1, as shown in fig. 8. The length of the FRP shear connector 3 is preferably more than or equal to 500mm, so that the heat-insulating core plate 1 can be conveniently processed.
Several specific structural forms of the FRP shear connector 3 are given below:
the first embodiment is as follows:
as shown in fig. 2 to 4 and 9, the cross-sectional shape of the FRP shear connector 3 is H-shaped, and open grooves 3-4 are formed in both side edges of the flanges 3-1 of the shear connector 3.
Example two:
as shown in fig. 2 to 4 and 10, the cross-sectional shape of the FRP shear connector 3 is H-shaped, and protrusions 3-5 are provided on the outer surfaces of both flanges 3-1 of the shear connector 3.
In the first and second embodiments, the FRP shear connector 3 is in an H shape, the web 3-2 thereof bears the horizontal shear force in the plane of the wall and the out-of-plane bending moment, and the flanges 3-1 are fixed on the concrete layer by pouring concrete and connected with the reinforcing mesh 2, so as to prevent the concrete layers 4 on the two sides of the thermal insulation wall board 1 from peeling off and improve the integrity of the wall. The open grooves 3-4 and the bulges 3-5 can further enhance the anchoring effect of the FRP shear connector 3 and concrete.
In the first and second embodiments, the web 3-2 of the FRP shear connector 3 may be provided with a plurality of cavities 3-3. The cavity 3-3 mainly serves to save material.
Example three:
as shown in fig. 5 to 7 and 11, the FRP shear connectors 3 have a long plate shape, and the FRP shear connectors 3 are truss plates.
In the third embodiment, both ends of the FRP shear connectors 3 may be provided with through holes 3-6 for passing the transverse bars of the mesh reinforcement 2.
The through holes 3-6 can enable the FRP shear connector 3 to be connected with the reinforcing mesh 2 more quickly, and the manufacturing efficiency of the heat-insulating external wall panel is greatly improved.
In the third embodiment, the middle part of the FRP shear connector 3 may also be provided with a plurality of cavities 3-3. The cavity 3-3 mainly serves to save material.
In the above three embodiments, the shape of the cavity 3-3 is preferably triangular, parallelogram, circular, oval, diamond or honeycomb.
As an improvement of the invention, the four end faces of the heat-insulating core plate 1 are preferably provided with fireproof isolation blocks 5, and the fireproof isolation blocks 5 separate the concrete layers 4 at the two sides of the heat-insulating core plate 1. According to the invention, the fireproof isolation blocks 5 are arranged around the heat-insulating core plate 1, so that the fireproof isolation blocks 5 and the heat-insulating core plate 1 are integrated, when in pouring, the heat-insulating core plate 1 is placed in a mold for pouring concrete, so that the fireproof isolation blocks 5 and the heat-insulating core plate 1 are used together for separating the concrete layers 4 at two sides, and a cold and hot bridge of the light composite heat-insulating external wall plate at a concrete frame is blocked, thereby preventing the exchange of indoor and outdoor heat, and improving the heat-insulating performance of the light composite heat-insulating external wall plate.
Furthermore, the material of the isolation block 5 is preferably vitrified microsphere thermal insulation mortar, autoclaved lightweight concrete, gypsum or a material formed by compounding glass fiber and magnesium sulfate cement. The materials have low heat conductivity coefficient and good fireproof performance.
When the lightweight composite thermal insulation external wall panel is manufactured, in order to facilitate the pouring of concrete, the thickness of the fireproof isolation block 5 is preferably less than or equal to that of the thermal insulation core plate 1, and the width of the fireproof isolation block 5 is not less than 50 mm. The width dimension can ensure the fireproof performance of the fireproof isolation block.
As shown in fig. 13, in order to prevent the fireproof insulation block 5 from falling off the concrete layer 4, grooves 5-1 are preferably provided on both sides of the fireproof insulation block 5 contacting the concrete layer 4. After the insulating external wall panel is poured, the groove 5-1 enables the concrete layer 4 and the fireproof isolation block 5 to be mutually occluded so as to prevent the fireproof isolation block 5 from falling off.
Of course, the fireproof insulation blocks 5 may also be provided with studs 5-2 on both sides in contact with the concrete layer 4, as shown in fig. 14. After the pouring of the heat-insulating external wall panel is finished, the studs 5-2 are anchored in the concrete layer 4, and the fireproof isolation blocks 5 can be prevented from falling off.
In order to enhance the anchoring effect of the studs 5-2 to the concrete layer 4, the studs 5-2 on both sides of the fire barrier block 5 are preferably staggered.
Preferably, the section of the insulating core rib 1-1 and the concrete rib 2-1 may be trapezoidal, as shown in fig. 2 and 5; it may also be serrated, as shown in fig. 3 and 6; or may be wavy as shown in fig. 4 and 7.
In order to increase the thermal insulation performance and reduce the weight of the lightweight composite thermal insulation external wall panel, the thermal insulation core plate 1 is preferably made of thermal insulation materials such as XPS, EPS, polyphenyl particle mortar, rock wool, glass silk floss or polyurethane, and the concrete layer 4 is preferably made of common concrete, lightweight aggregate concrete or fiber reinforced concrete.
In order to facilitate the installation of the heat-insulating external wall panel and later waterproof construction measures, the periphery of the outside of the concrete layer is provided with a rabbet 6. Wherein, the left and right rabbet outside the concrete layer are concave rabbets, as shown in fig. 2 to 7; the upper and lower grooves outside the concrete layer are water retaining structures and water dropping structures respectively, as shown in fig. 12, the water retaining structures and the water dropping structures are light composite external wall panels, the upper edges and the lower edges of the light composite external wall panels are provided with bulges, and the bulges on the upper edges and the bulges on the lower edges are symmetrical to each other.
In order to make the light composite heat-insulating external wall panel of the invention suitable for different building positions, the light composite heat-insulating external wall panel can be provided with a door or window opening to facilitate the installation of a door or a window, and in addition, reinforcing ribs are arranged around the door or window opening to ensure the firmness of the external wall panel.
In addition, the invention provides a special mold for manufacturing the light composite thermal insulation external wall panel, as shown in fig. 15 to 17, comprising a bottom template 7, two end templates 8 parallel to each other and two vertical templates 9 parallel to each other, wherein the vertical templates 9 and the end templates 8 are respectively connected with four side edges of the bottom template 7.
The special mould is placed in a three-dimensional mode, concrete is poured into the light composite heat-insulation external wall panel from the upper portion, all gaps of the ribs of the heat-insulation core panel can be filled with concrete, occupied space is small, and the originally limited production workshop can be fully utilized.
As an improvement of the invention, a plurality of partition boards 10 connected with the bottom formwork 7 are preferably arranged between the two vertical formworks 9, grooves 10-1 are arranged at two ends of each partition board 10 corresponding to the end formworks 8, and bosses 8-1 matched with the grooves 10-1 are arranged on the inner side walls of the end formworks 8. The arrangement of the partition boards 10 enables the special mould of the invention to simultaneously pour a plurality of light composite heat-insulating external wall panels of the invention, and the production efficiency is greatly improved on the premise of small occupied space.
In addition, when the light composite heat-insulating external wall panel is poured, in order to simultaneously pour the tongue-and-groove at the periphery of the light composite heat-insulating external wall panel, a trapezoidal mold strip capable of forming the tongue-and-groove at the lower part of the light composite heat-insulating wall panel can be arranged on the bottom template 7; trapezoidal mould strips capable of forming left and right tongue-and-groove of the light composite heat-insulating wall board are arranged on the end mould plate 8.
The rabbet on the upper part of the light composite heat-insulating external wall panel can be formed by scraping the excessive concrete by using an upper rabbet forming tool 12 after the concrete is initially set in the process of pouring the light composite heat-insulating external wall panel, so as to form the rabbet in the form of the water retaining structure on the upper part of the light composite heat-insulating external wall panel, wherein the structure of the upper rabbet forming tool 12 is shown in fig. 16.
Further, in order to ensure the stability of the external wall panel cast by using the special mold of the present invention and prevent the vertical form from expanding, the two sides of the vertical form 9 are preferably provided with brackets 11 for preventing the special mold from deforming and falling sideways.
Finally, the invention also provides a method for manufacturing the light composite thermal-insulation external wall panel by using the special mold, which comprises the following steps:
step 1: and (3) parameter calculation: according to the requirements of actual engineering, the action of a working environment is comprehensively considered, the sizes of the heat-insulating core plate 1 and the concrete layer 2 are calculated and determined, and the section forms of the heat-insulating core plate rib 1-1 and the concrete rib 2-1 are determined, wherein the working environment comprises wind load, earthquake action and temperature stress load;
step 2: manufacturing a heat preservation core plate: according to the calculated size of the heat-insulation core plate 1 and the section form of the heat-insulation core plate rib 1-1, manufacturing the heat-insulation core plate 1 by adopting a heat-insulation material or customizing the heat-insulation core plate 1 from a factory;
and step 3: bonding the heat-insulation core plate with the FRP shear connector: bonding the FRP shearing resistant connecting piece 3 between two adjacent heat-insulation core plates 1 to ensure that the FRP shearing resistant connecting piece 3 is positioned between two adjacent heat-insulation core plate ribs 1-1, and finally forming an integral heat-insulation core plate;
and 4, step 4: binding a steel bar net rack core plate: bonding fireproof isolation blocks 5 on four sections of the integral heat-insulation core plate, determining the distance between the reinforcing mesh 2 and the integral heat-insulation core plate, and then connecting the reinforcing mesh 2 with the FRP shear connectors 3 to form a reinforcing mesh frame core plate;
and 5: erecting a bottom template, an end template on one side and a vertical template on one side: firstly, a bottom template 7 is erected, and then an end template 8 and a vertical template 9 are fixed on the bottom template 7;
step 6: positioning a core plate of the steel bar net rack: firstly, vertically placing the core plate of the steel bar net rack into the fixed bottom template 7 and the fixed vertical template 9, vertically arranging the heat preservation core plate ribs 1-1, and then controlling the distance between the core plate of the steel bar net rack and the vertical template 9 according to the thickness of the concrete layer 2;
in the step, the vertically arranged heat preservation core plate ribs 1-1 can enable the concrete to be poured more smoothly from top to bottom, so that the poured concrete layer is more compact. In addition, the distance between the core plate of the steel bar net rack and the vertical template 9 can be controlled by adopting the module clamping strips, and the bottom template 7 and the vertical template 9, and the end template 8 and the bottom template 7 and the vertical template 9 can be fixed by adopting bolts.
And 7: erecting a vertical template and an end template on the other side: fixing another vertical template 9 on the bottom template 7, and finally fixing an end template 8 on the bottom template 7 on the premise of ensuring that the net sizes in the special mold are respectively the thickness, height and width of the light composite heat-insulation external wall plate;
and 8: pouring a concrete layer: pouring concrete from top to bottom above the special mould, after pouring, leveling the surface of the concrete layer, and then curing;
in this step, in order to guarantee the compactness of concrete layer in the pouring process, the self-compacting concrete is preferably adopted, and the vibrating rod can also be adopted to carry out side vibration in the pouring process.
When the tongue-and-groove at the upper part of the light composite heat-insulating external wall panel is manufactured by adopting the upper tongue-and-groove forming tool 12 after the concrete is initially set, wing plates 12-1 at two sides of the upper tongue-and-groove forming tool 12 can be placed on the vertical template 9, and then the upper tongue-and-groove forming tool 12 moves along the length direction (and the arrow direction in fig. 7) of the vertical template 9, so that the tongue-and-groove (water retaining structure) at the upper part of the light composite heat-insulating external wall panel can be formed.
And step 9: demolding: and demolding the light composite heat-insulating external wall panel after the concrete reaches the predicted strength.
After the step, the formed light composite heat-insulating external wall panel can be transported to a corresponding position by a travelling crane for storage.
The invention adopts the special mould to carry out three-dimensional pouring on the light composite heat-insulation external wall panel, can ensure that concrete fills all gaps of the ribs of the heat-insulation core panel, occupies small space and fully utilizes the originally limited production workshop.
Preferably, when the special mold of the invention is used for simultaneously pouring a plurality of light composite heat-insulating external wall panels, in the step 6, the reinforcing steel bar net rack core plates and the partition plates 10 can be placed into the fixed bottom mold plate 7 and the fixed vertical mold plate 9 in a side-standing manner, the heat-insulating core plate ribs 1-1 are vertically arranged, and the grooves 10-1 of the partition plates 10 are matched with the bosses 8-1 of the end mold plates 8 until all the reinforcing steel bar net rack core plates and the partition plates 10 are placed completely.
When the steel bar net rack core plate and the partition plate are placed, the following principle should be followed: firstly, a first steel bar net rack core plate is placed, then a partition plate 10 is placed between the steel bar net rack core plate and the vertical template 9, the first steel bar net rack core plate is located between the vertical template 9 and the partition plate 10, after the distance between the steel bar net rack core plate and the vertical template 9 and the distance between the steel bar net rack core plate and the partition plate 10 are controlled, a steel bar net rack core plate is placed, and then a partition plate 10 is placed until all the steel bar net rack core plates and the partition plates are arranged completely.
In addition, in order to fix the partition board 10 more stably in the special mold of the present invention, the groove 10-1 of the partition board 10 and the boss 8-1 of the end mold plate 8 are preferably in interference fit.
Further, in the step 6, if a door or window opening is formed in the light composite heat-insulating external wall panel, the template of the door or window opening is placed in the fixed bottom template 7 and the vertical template 9 on one side together with the steel bar net rack core plate and is fixed; if an embedded part or an embedded sleeve is arranged in the light composite heat-insulation external wall panel, the embedded part or the embedded sleeve is arranged at the corresponding position on the core plate of the reinforcing steel bar net rack. The arrangement of the door, the window, the embedded part or the embedded sleeve can ensure that the application range and the position of the light composite heat-insulating external wall panel are wider, the later installation of the external wall panel is quicker, and the wet operation amount of a construction site is greatly reduced.
In conclusion, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the lightweight composite thermal insulation external wall panel adopts a combination form of a reinforcing mesh, a ribbed concrete layer and a plurality of ribbed thermal insulation core plates, FRP shear connectors are bonded between adjacent thermal insulation core plates, concrete ribs are provided at the positions of the FRP shear connectors for wrapping, and the other positions are filled with the thermal insulation core plates, so that the self weight of the external wall panel is reduced on the premise of ensuring the strength of the thermal insulation external wall panel, the thermal insulation effect is improved, and the transportation cost is saved.
2. Because the heat-insulating core plate and the concrete layer are both provided with the ribs, under the condition that the bending rigidity and the bearing capacity of the light composite heat-insulating external wall panel and the heat-insulating external wall panel without the ribs (namely the heat-insulating external wall panel with uniform thickness) are basically consistent, the concrete consumption of the light composite heat-insulating external wall panel is reduced by about 20-40% compared with the heat-insulating external wall panel without the ribs, and the energy-saving effect is improved by about 5-20%.
3. The lightweight composite thermal insulation external wall panel provided by the invention utilizes the advantage of low heat conductivity coefficient of the FRP shear connector, solves the problem of thermal bridge existing in the steel wire truss composite thermal insulation external wall panel, reduces indoor heat loss, and is more energy-saving and environment-friendly.
4. In the light composite heat-insulating external wall panel, the FRP connecting piece and the heat-insulating core plate are connected together in a bonding mode, so that the problems that the heat-insulating external wall panel is low in manufacturing efficiency, large labor cost is consumed, and the heat-insulating core layer is easily damaged are solved, the production efficiency is improved, and the production cost is reduced.
5. The lightweight composite thermal-insulation external wall panel adopts the fireproof isolation blocks and the thermal-insulation core board to separate the concrete layers on the two sides, and blocks a cold and hot bridge of the lightweight composite thermal-insulation external wall panel at a concrete frame, so that the exchange of indoor and outdoor heat is prevented, and the thermal insulation performance of the lightweight composite thermal-insulation external wall panel is improved.
6. When using the special mould of the more than two vertical templates to pour, polylith heat preservation side fascia can pour simultaneously, compares traditional lying and pours efficiency higher, and occupation space is little, makes originally limited workshop can make full use of.
While the foregoing is directed to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. The light composite heat-insulating external wall panel comprises a heat-insulating core board, reinforcing mesh bars positioned on two sides of the heat-insulating core board and a concrete layer poured on the reinforcing mesh bars, and is characterized in that a through long heat-insulating core board rib is arranged on the heat-insulating core board, a plurality of concrete ribs which are staggered with the heat-insulating core board ribs and are matched with the heat-insulating core board ribs are arranged on the concrete layer, the heat-insulating core boards are multiple, two adjacent heat-insulating core boards are disconnected at the concrete ribs, an integral heat-insulating core board is formed by bonding FRP shear connectors connected with the reinforcing mesh bars at the concrete ribs between the two adjacent heat-insulating core boards, meanwhile, concrete is poured after the FRP shear connectors are bonded between the two adjacent heat-insulating core boards, and the concrete ribs are formed at the FRP shear connectors.
2. The lightweight composite thermal-insulating external wall panel as claimed in claim 1, wherein the FRP shear connectors have a length equal to the length of the thermal-insulating core panel ribs;
or the FRP shearing-resistant connecting pieces are discontinuously and alternately distributed in the direction vertical to the length direction of the heat-insulation core plate rib.
3. The lightweight composite thermal insulation external wall panel as claimed in claim 2, wherein the cross section of the FRP shear connector is H-shaped, the side edges of the two flanges of the FRP shear connector are provided with open slots, or the outer surfaces of the two flanges of the FRP shear connector are provided with protrusions;
or, the FRP shear connector is in a strip plate shape.
4. The lightweight composite thermal insulation external wall panel according to claim 2, wherein the thermal insulation core panel is provided with fireproof isolation blocks at four end surfaces, and the fireproof isolation blocks separate concrete layers at two sides of the thermal insulation core panel.
5. The lightweight composite thermal insulation external wall panel according to claim 4, wherein the thickness of the fireproof insulation block is less than or equal to that of the thermal insulation core panel, and the width of the fireproof insulation block is not less than 50 mm.
6. The lightweight composite thermal insulation external wall panel according to claim 5, wherein grooves are formed on two sides of the fireproof isolation blocks, which are in contact with the concrete layer;
or studs are arranged on two sides of the fireproof isolation block, which are in contact with the concrete layer.
7. The lightweight composite thermal insulating exterior wall panel according to claim 6, wherein the studs on both sides of the fire barrier block are staggered.
8. The lightweight composite thermal insulating external wall panel according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the thermal insulating core ribs and the concrete ribs have a trapezoidal, zigzag or wavy cross-sectional shape.
9. The light composite thermal insulation external wall panel according to claim 8, wherein a door or window opening is formed in the light composite thermal insulation external wall panel, reinforcing ribs are arranged on the periphery of the door or window opening, and a tongue-and-groove is formed on the periphery of the outer portion of the concrete layer.
10. The lightweight composite thermal insulating exterior wall panel according to claim 8, wherein the thermal insulating core panel is made of XPS, EPS, polyphenyl particle mortar, rock wool, glass wool or polyurethane thermal insulating material, and the concrete layer is made of ordinary concrete, lightweight aggregate concrete or fiber reinforced concrete.
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| CN108086586A (en) * | 2017-11-29 | 2018-05-29 | 四川华西绿舍预制构件有限公司 | A kind of composite plate and its production technology |
| CN110528798A (en) * | 2019-09-25 | 2019-12-03 | 华新水泥股份有限公司 | A kind of thermal-insulative decorative board |
| CN113027037A (en) * | 2021-03-11 | 2021-06-25 | 富思特新材料科技发展股份有限公司 | External wall panel, processing method thereof and building |
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