CN107385174B - A kind of device and method that material surface is strengthened using cavitating water jet - Google Patents
A kind of device and method that material surface is strengthened using cavitating water jet Download PDFInfo
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- CN107385174B CN107385174B CN201710748396.1A CN201710748396A CN107385174B CN 107385174 B CN107385174 B CN 107385174B CN 201710748396 A CN201710748396 A CN 201710748396A CN 107385174 B CN107385174 B CN 107385174B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D7/00—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation
- C21D7/02—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation by cold working
- C21D7/04—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation by cold working of the surface
- C21D7/06—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation by cold working of the surface by shot-peening or the like
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)
- Testing Resistance To Weather, Investigating Materials By Mechanical Methods (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to cavitating water jet surface strengthening technology fields, more particularly to a kind of device strengthened using cavitating water jet to material surface, including high pressure water supply system, it is connected by pipeline to the high pressure gas feed system for promoting the high pressure water cavitation with the high pressure water supply system, the nozzle being connected with the water outlet of the high pressure water supply system, test specimen to be fortified is set at the water flow jet of the nozzle, the invention further relates to a kind of methods strengthened using above-mentioned apparatus to material surface, include the following steps: that test specimen to be fortified is set to below the nozzle by (1)；(2) vertical distance, horizontal distance and the spray angle between the nozzle and the test specimen to be fortified are adjusted；(3) starting the high pressure water supply system and the high pressure gas feed system, the present invention has many advantages, such as that applicability is good, without secondary pollution, strengthening effect is good, price is low, high-efficient compared with pill spraying surface reinforcing technology in the prior art.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to cavitating water jet surface strengthening technology fields, and in particular to a kind of to use cavitating water jet to material
The device and method that surface is strengthened.
Background technique
It focuses mostly in the fields such as open a mine, cut, clean, especially applied to surface peening about the utilization of cavitation water at present
It is few.Cavitating water jet surface strengthening technology is the new technology that developed recently gets up, and utilizes what is generated in high-speed water jet
The percussion that high pressure bubbles burst generates generates uniform compressive stress layer on the surface of the material.Using the technology can eliminate welding,
Cold working etc. caused by residual tension, and generate have compression superficial layer, be able to suppress, delay stress corrosion cracking (SCC) and
Environment fatigue crack surface germinating, thus reinforcing material to fatigue and environmental damage drag, elongate member service life.
Cavitating water jet surface strengthening technology has been applied in foreign countries, but domestic related work is less, still lacks dedicated
Research equipment and technology.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of device strengthened using cavitating water jet to material surface.
In order to achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is that: it is a kind of using cavitating water jet to material surface into
The device that row is strengthened, including high pressure water supply system, be connected by pipeline to described in promoting with the high pressure water supply system
The high pressure gas feed system of high pressure water cavitation, the nozzle being connected with the water outlet of the high pressure water supply system, test specimen to be fortified
At the water flow jet of the nozzle.
Further, described device further includes the work to the high pressure water supply system and the high pressure gas feed system
The monitoring system that state is monitored, the monitoring system are supplied with the high pressure water supply system and the high pressure gas respectively
System electrical connection.
Further, described device further includes test system, and the test system includes that top has opening
Sink and the nozzle, the nozzle is horizontally slidable, can oscilaltion and rotatably set on the opening just on
Side, is equipped with the mounting device to install the test specimen to be fortified between the sink and the nozzle, the nozzle ejects
Water flow enter the sink.
Further, the mounting device includes the sample installation in the sink and being located at below the nozzle
Platform and the sample clamp below the nozzle, the sample clamp are connected with the output end of driving motor, when it is described to
Strengthening test specimen is that when turning round class test specimen, the revolution class test specimen is installed on the sample clamp.
Further, the high pressure water supply system includes at least high-pressure pump, the first valve member being connected by pipeline
With the first detection components, the high pressure water supply system is connected with the sink, the sink and the high pressure water supply system
Between be successively arranged filter assemblies and circulating pump, the high pressure water supply system, the nozzle, the sink, the filtering group
Part and the circulating pump constitute water circulation system.
Further, the high pressure water supply system further include accumulator after the high-pressure pump, heater with
And cooler, the filter assemblies include the first branch and second branch, the both ends of the first branch and the second branch
It is connected respectively with the sink and the circulating pump, filter is successively arranged in the first branch and is respectively arranged on the mistake
Two needle-valves at filter both ends, the second branch are equipped with needle-valve, and the high pressure gas feed system is set to the accumulator and institute
It states between high-pressure pump, the high pressure gas feed system includes high-pressure pump, the second valve member and second being connected by pipeline
Detection components.
Further, described device further includes flooding water supply system, and the water supply system that floods includes passing through pipeline
Connected third valve member, third detection components, heater and cooler, the nozzle has to be supplied with the high pressure water
The connected inner cavity in the water outlet of system, the package inner cavity and the exocoel for being set to the inner cavity periphery, the inner cavity and described outer
Chamber is connected in the water outlet of the nozzle, the exocoel phase of the water outlet for flooding water supply system and the nozzle
Even.
Further, described device further includes air supply system, and the air supply system includes gas cylinder and the gas
For bottle by the 4th connected valve member of pipeline and the 4th detection components, the air supply system is described outer with the nozzle
Chamber is connected.
The present invention also provides a kind of methods strengthened using above-mentioned apparatus to material surface, include the following steps:
(1) test specimen to be fortified is set to below the nozzle；
(2) vertical distance, horizontal distance and the spray angle between the nozzle and the test specimen to be fortified are adjusted；
(3) start the high pressure water supply system and the high pressure gas feed system, institute is controlled by the monitoring system
The pressure of water, flow velocity and temperature in high pressure water supply system are stated, and controls the high pressure gas feed system into the high pressure water
Gas inject flow, guarantee the water flow jet sprayed by the nozzle to surface of test piece to be fortified；
(4) start the air supply system, adjust the 4th valve member control in the air supply system
It is passed through the gas flow of the nozzle.
Further, also there are following steps between the step (2) and the step (3): adjusting in the sink
Water level makes the nozzle be located at the liquid level of the sink or less；Or the water level in the adjustment sink be located at it is described to strong
Change below test specimen, starting floods water supply system and adjusts the flow velocity that water supply system is flooded in the third valve member control.
After the above technical solution is adopted, the device of the invention has following excellent compared with traditional pill spraying surface reinforcing technology
Point:
1, applicability is good.To large-size components and it is complex-shaped, narrow zone surface is all applicable；Meanwhile package unit
Volume is little, can carry out remote-controlled operation on motor vehicle and outfield operation, live applicability are good.
2, without secondary pollution.Use water as impact media, avoids secondary pollution caused by introducing exotic.
3, strengthening effect is good.Maximum residual stress is in parts surface after cavitating water jet surface peening, to component
The increase rate of fatigue strength is higher than traditional shot peening strengthening.Bubble and parts surface are that non-rigid/weak rigidity acts on, table after reinforcing
Surface roughness increases less, and compared with traditional shot-peening, secondary damage is few.
4, price is low, high-efficient.Cavitating water jet surface-strengthening equipment is moderate, at specific energy consumption and at low cost, reinforcing
It manages high-efficient.
Detailed description of the invention
Accompanying drawing 1 is the structural representation of the present invention；
Attached drawing 2 is the stress after 316L plaques reinforcing in the embodiment of the present invention with depth distribution curve graph.
Wherein, 100, high pressure water supply system；200, high pressure gas feed system；300, water supply system is flooded；400, empty
Gas feed system；500, test system；600, system is monitored；1- high-pressure pump；2,8- safety valves；3,6,9,15,22,
26,27,29,36- needle-valves；4,23- check valves；5,16,24,38- flowmeters；7- high-pressure pump；；10- accumulator；11,37- pressure
Table；12,17- heaters；13,18- coolers；14,19- thermocouples；20- gas cylinder；21- pressure reducer；25- circulating pump；28- filtering
Device；30- portal frame；31- nozzle；32- sample clamp；33- driving motor；34- sample mounting stage；35- sink.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiment the invention will be further described.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of device that material surface is strengthened using cavitating water jet, including high pressure water supply system
System 100, high pressure gas feed system 200 flood water supply system 300, air supply system 400, test system 500 and prison
Examining system 600.
Test system 500 includes sink 35 and nozzle 31, and the top of sink 35 has opening, and the top of opening is equipped with
Portal frame 30, portal frame 30 is lower to be arranged nozzle 31, and the water flow that nozzle 31 ejects enters sink 35, and portal frame 30 can drive spray
Mouth 31 is moved in the horizontal direction or is gone up and down in vertical direction, so as to increase the reinforcing area of test specimen to be fortified；31, nozzle
Portion can rotate 360 °, so that increase device uses model when strengthening to the part with certain complex surface
It encloses.The bottom of sink 35 is equipped with water outlet, and opening and closing of the needle-valve 36 to control water outlet is arranged in water outlet.
Nozzle 31 have cavitation, the middle part of nozzle 31 be inner cavity, inner cavity periphery be that exocoel, inner cavity and exocoel are spraying
The water outlet of mouth 31 is connected, and from large to small by rear end to water outlet diameter, thus the water flow in inner cavity is in water outlet for inner cavity
Flow velocity increases, cavitation enhancing.
The mounting device to install test specimen to be fortified is equipped between sink 35 and nozzle 31, mounting device includes being set to water
In slot 35 and it is located at the sample mounting stage 34 of 31 lower section of nozzle and the sample clamp 32 set on 31 lower section of nozzle, sample clamp
32 are connected with the output end of driving motor 33, and when test specimen to be fortified is revolution class test specimen, revolution class test specimen is installed on sample
On fixture 32, revolution class test specimen is driven to rotate the surface peening that can make to turn round class test specimen on fixture by motor more equal
It is even.When test specimen to be fortified is non-rotating class test specimen, non-rotating class test specimen can be fixed on sample mounting stage 34.
High pressure water supply system 100 is connected with sink 35, is successively arranged between sink 35 and high pressure water supply system 100
Component and circulating pump 25 are filtered, high pressure water supply system 100, nozzle 31, sink 35, filter assemblies and circulating pump 25 constitute water circulation
System.
Filter assemblies include filter 28, the needle-valve 29 between filter 28 and sink 35, are set to 28 He of filter
Needle-valve 27 between circulating pump 25, needle-valve 26 are set to the branch road being in parallel with filter 28, needle-valve 27 and needle-valve 29, sink
Water in 3535, which supplies the supply in practical operation to high pressure water by needle-valve 29, filter 28, needle-valve 17 and circulating pump 25, is
System 100.When normal work, needle-valve 26 is in off state, and needle-valve 29 and 27 is in an open state, and if desired replaces filter 28, can
It opens needle-valve 26 and closes needle-valve 27 and needle-valve 29, to make system can be with continuous operation.
High pressure water supply system 100 includes needle-valve 6, the high-pressure pump 7, safety valve being sequentially connected by pipeline and circulating pump 25
8, needle-valve 9, accumulator 10, pressure gauge 11, flowmeter 38, heater 12, cooler 13, thermocouple 14, high pressure water supply system
100 water outlet is connected with the inner cavity of nozzle 31.Heater 12 and cooler 13 high pressure water to be heated or cooled,
So as to study influence of the temperature to cavitation water surface quality.
High pressure gas feed system 200 includes the high-pressure pump 1 being sequentially connected by pipeline, peace according to the flow direction of gas
The outlet side of full valve 2, needle-valve 3, check valve 4 and flowmeter 5, high pressure gas feed system 200 is connected with high pressure water supply system 100
And between needle-valve 9 and accumulator 10.Compressed air is passed through high pressure water using high-pressure pump 1 by high pressure gas feed system 200
In, to increase the cavitation effect of high pressure water.
Flooding water supply system 300 according to the flow direction of water flow includes the needle-valve 15 being sequentially connected by pipeline, pressure
Table 37, flowmeter 16, heater 17, cooler 18 and thermocouple 19, the head end for flooding water supply system 300 are connected to circulating pump
Pipeline between 25 and needle-valve 6 floods the exocoel of the tail end connection nozzle 31 of water supply system 300.Flood water supply system 300
When opening simultaneously with high pressure water supply system 100, inside the water column of the water outlet formation of nozzle 31 be high pressure water, outside is packet
Wrap up in the low pressure water of high pressure water, it is inside and outside between there is pressure difference, so as to increase the water flow ejected from nozzle 31
Cavitation effect.
Air supply system 400 includes gas cylinder 20, the pressure reducer being sequentially connected by pipeline according to the flow direction of gas
21, the tail end of needle-valve 22, check valve 23 and flowmeter 24, air supply system 400 is connected with the exocoel of nozzle 31, and air supplies
The water outlet for flooding the link position of the system of being supplied with and exocoel closer to nozzle 31 is compared to the link position of system 400 and exocoel
Mouthful.
Monitoring system 600 respectively with high pressure water supply system 100, high pressure gas feed system 200, flood water supply system
300, air supply system 400 and test system 500 are electrically connected.Monitoring system 600 is equipped with temperature control function, passes through tune
The watt level of whole heater 12,17 and cooler 13,18 obtains high pressure water supply system 100 respectively and floods water supply system
Temperature required for system 300；Monitoring system 600 is equipped with pressure monitoring function, is supplied by 11,37 real-time display high pressure water of pressure gauge
To system 100 and the pressure for flooding water supply system 300；Monitoring system 600 is equipped with flow monitoring function, by flowmeter 5,
16,24,38 real-time display high pressure water supply systems 100, high pressure gas feed system 200 flood water supply system 300 and air confession
To the flow of system 400；Monitoring system 600 is equipped with 30 motion control function of portal frame, adjustable by controlling portal frame 30
The movement speed of nozzle 31；Monitoring system 600 is equipped with 33 control function of driving motor, by controlling driving motor 3333, adjusts
Turn round the revolving speed of class sample.
The method strengthened using above-mentioned apparatus to material surface, is included the following steps:
(1) start monitoring system 600, confirmation each section connection is normal, and can obtain normal signal；
(2) test specimen to be fortified is fixed on sample mounting stage 34 or sample clamp 32；
(3) nozzle 31 is installed, the spray angle of nozzle 31 is adjusted；
(4) by control portal frame 30, the difference in height between nozzle 31 and test specimen to be fortified is adjusted；
(5) nozzle 31 is removed above test specimen to be fortified, starting circulating pump 25 and high-pressure pump 7 makes high pressure water supply system
100 operations；
(6) as needed, according to environment is flooded, then the water level for controlling sink 35 is higher than nozzle 31；According to manually flooding
Do not have nozzle 31, then controls the water level of sink 35 in test specimen to be fortified hereinafter, and opening and flooding 300 manufacture of intraocular of water supply system and flood
No environment, according to valve opening degree, what is needed floods the flow rate of water flow of water supply system 300；
(7) determine whether that starting high-pressure pump 1 is passed through gas into high pressure water supply system 100, passes through tune as needed
Whole high-pressure pump 1 obtains gas injection flow of the high pressure gas feed system 200 into high pressure water；
(8) temperature as needed determines whether to start heater 12,17 or cooler 13,18, if desired heats up, then opens
Heater 12 or heater 17 are opened, cooler 13 or cooler 18 is closed, if desired cools down, then open cooler 13 or cooler
18, close heater 12 or heater 17；
(9) determine whether to start air supply system 400 as needed, nozzle 31 is passed through by the control control of pressure reducer 21
Gas flow；
(10) after the temperature in system 600 to be monitored, pressure, flow signal reach stable, nozzle 31 is moved to strong
Change above test specimen, guarantees that the water flow sprayed by nozzle 31 can be sprayed to test specimen to be fortified, when controlling operation by portal frame 30
Between and 31 movement speed of nozzle, pass through control driving motor 33, control revolution class sample revolving speed；
(11) after testing, nozzle 31 is removed above sample to be fortified, closes the pump valve in each system, close prison
Examining system 600；
(12) surface stress test and other tests are carried out to sample, characterizes surface peening effect, including use X-ray
Diffractive technology analyzes surface stress distribution situation；Changed using microhardness or Nanoindentation analysis material hardness；Using scanning
Electron microscope or transmission electron microscope observation surface microscopic changes in microstructure；Using X-ray photoelectron spectrum or Auger electricity
Sub- analysis of material composition transfer；Using stress etching experiment or the anti-cracking ability of fatigue experiment analysis of material etc..
Through the above steps, pressure, temperature, flow velocity, air content, 31 type of nozzle, jet angle of cavitation water be can establish
Degree, sample and nozzle 31 apart from etc. influence of the parameters to material surface strengthening effect, pass through analytical table face pressure stress distribution situation
Stress corrosion or fatigue cracking performance with sample obtain the best reinforcement process parameter of material.
Using the nozzle 31 of conical-surface type, in normal-temperature water, the injection pressure 30MPa of high pressure water supply system 100, stream are controlled
Fast 30L/min, no gas injection, using environment is flooded, nozzle 31 is with samples vertical and when distance is 35mm, 316L stainless steel plate
For shape sample after the cavitation water surface intensive treatment of 3 min, stress is as shown in Figure 2 with depth distribution curve.It can be seen that
316L stainless steel watch surface strengthening compression reaches 500MPa or more, and compressive stress layer depth is about 0.2 mm.
The above embodiments merely illustrate the technical concept and features of the present invention, and its object is to allow person skilled in the art
Scholar cans understand the content of the present invention and implement it accordingly, and it is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.It is all according to the present invention
Equivalent change or modification made by Spirit Essence, should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of device strengthened using cavitating water jet to material surface, it is characterised in that: supply system including high pressure water
System, with the high pressure water supply system by pipeline be connected to promote the high pressure water cavitation high pressure gas feed system, and
The connected nozzle in the water outlet of the high pressure water supply system, test specimen to be fortified is set at the water flow jet of the nozzle, described
Device further includes flooding water supply system, air supply system and supplying to the high pressure water supply system and the high pressure gas
The monitoring system that the working condition of system is monitored, the monitoring system respectively with the high pressure water supply system and described
The electrical connection of high pressure gas feed system；The water supply system that floods includes the third valve member being connected by pipeline, third inspection
Component, heater and cooler are surveyed, the nozzle has the inner cavity being connected with the water outlet of the high pressure water supply system, packet
The exocoel wrapped up in the inner cavity and be set to the inner cavity periphery, water outlet of the inner cavity with the exocoel in the nozzle are connected
Logical, the water outlet for flooding water supply system is connected with the exocoel of the nozzle；The air supply system includes gas
Bottle, the 4th valve member being connected with the gas cylinder by pipeline and the 4th detection components, the air supply system with it is described
The exocoel of nozzle is connected.
2. a kind of device strengthened using cavitating water jet to material surface according to claim 1, feature are existed
In: described device further includes test system, and the test system includes the sink and described that top has opening
Nozzle, the nozzle is horizontally slidable, oscilaltion and can rotatably be set to the surface of the opening, the sink and institute
The mounting device being equipped between nozzle to install the test specimen to be fortified is stated, the water flow that the nozzle ejects enters the water
Slot.
3. a kind of device strengthened using cavitating water jet to material surface according to claim 2, feature are existed
In: the mounting device includes the sample mounting stage in the sink and being located at below the nozzle and is set to described
Sample clamp below nozzle, the sample clamp are connected with the output end of driving motor, when the test specimen to be fortified is revolution
When class test specimen, the revolution class test specimen is installed on the sample clamp.
4. a kind of device strengthened using cavitating water jet to material surface according to claim 2, feature are existed
In: the high pressure water supply system includes at least high-pressure pump, the first valve member and the first detection components being connected by pipeline,
The high pressure water supply system is connected with the sink, is successively arranged filtering between the sink and the high pressure water supply system
Component and circulating pump, the high pressure water supply system, the nozzle, the sink, the filter assemblies and the circulating pump structure
At water circulation system.
5. a kind of device strengthened using cavitating water jet to material surface according to claim 4, feature are existed
In: the high pressure water supply system further includes accumulator, heater and the cooler after the high-pressure pump, the mistake
Filter component includes the first branch and second branch, the both ends of the first branch and the second branch respectively with the sink and
The circulating pump is connected, and filter is successively arranged in the first branch and is respectively arranged on two needles at the filter both ends
Valve, the second branch are equipped with needle-valve, and the high pressure gas feed system is set between the accumulator and the high-pressure pump, institute
Stating high pressure gas feed system includes high-pressure pump, the second valve member and the second detection components being connected by pipeline.
6. a kind of method using the device described in claim 5, which comprises the steps of:
(1) test specimen to be fortified is set to below the nozzle；
(2) vertical distance, horizontal distance and the spray angle between the nozzle and the test specimen to be fortified are adjusted；
(3) start the high pressure water supply system and the high pressure gas feed system, the height is controlled by the monitoring system
Pressure, flow velocity and the temperature of water in water supply system are pressed, and controls gas of the high pressure gas feed system into the high pressure water
Body injects flow, guarantees the water flow jet sprayed by the nozzle to surface of test piece to be fortified；
(4) start the air supply system, the 4th valve member control adjusted in the air supply system is passed through
The gas flow of the nozzle.
7. according to the method described in claim 6, it is characterized by: also having such as between the step (2) and the step (3)
Lower step: adjusting the water level in the sink, and the nozzle is made to be located at the liquid level of the sink or less；Or in the adjustment sink
Water level be located at below the test specimen to be fortified, starting floods water supply system and adjusts the third valve member control
Flood the flow velocity of water supply system.
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| CN201710748396.1A CN107385174B (en) | 2017-08-28 | 2017-08-28 | A kind of device and method that material surface is strengthened using cavitating water jet |
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| CN108890541B (en) * | 2018-06-04 | 2020-09-25 | 江苏大学 | Device and method for plastic forming of artificial submerged cavitation jet micro-part |
| CN108818320B (en) * | 2018-06-26 | 2021-04-20 | 江苏大学 | Water jet device and method for deburring and shot blasting of blades |
| CN109659045A (en) * | 2018-12-10 | 2019-04-19 | 苏州热工研究院有限公司 | Run through the cavitating water jet surface Hardening Treatment system and method for pipe for nuclear plant pressure vessels |
| CN109580342A (en) * | 2018-12-10 | 2019-04-05 | 苏州热工研究院有限公司 | Clamping device is used in the test of cavitating water jet surface Hardening Treatment |
| CN110055390B (en) * | 2019-04-28 | 2020-08-28 | 江苏大学 | Pressure alternating immersion type inner hole surface strengthening device and method |
| CN110977785A (en) * | 2019-12-23 | 2020-04-10 | 天津百利机械装备集团有限公司中央研究院 | High-precision blade abrasive fluid surface polishing strengthening equipment |
| CN111843861B (en) * | 2020-06-23 | 2022-05-20 | 江苏大学 | Visual three-dimensional dynamic 3D detection device for fluid injection |
| CN113005374B (en) * | 2021-02-09 | 2022-07-12 | 华东理工大学 | Submerged water jet material surface strengthening method |
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