CN107371934A - The hardened ground method of raising seedling of rice planting technology - Google Patents
The hardened ground method of raising seedling of rice planting technology Download PDFInfo
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- CN107371934A CN107371934A CN201710751390.XA CN201710751390A CN107371934A CN 107371934 A CN107371934 A CN 107371934A CN 201710751390 A CN201710751390 A CN 201710751390A CN 107371934 A CN107371934 A CN 107371934A
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- seedlings nursing
- nursing plate
- seedling
- water
- rice
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- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 79
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 79
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 title 1
- 230000000474 nursing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 117
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 90
- 241000209094 Oryza Species 0.000 claims abstract description 78
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000017166 Bambusa arundinacea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000017491 Bambusa tulda Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000015334 Phyllostachys viridis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011425 bamboo Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007791 dehumidification Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 244000082204 Phyllostachys viridis Species 0.000 claims 1
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 6
- 241001330002 Bambuseae Species 0.000 description 5
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 description 5
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- ATRRKUHOCOJYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium bicarbonate Chemical compound [NH4+].OC([O-])=O ATRRKUHOCOJYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000013 Ammonium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 241001232787 Epiphragma Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 1
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000012538 ammonium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001099 ammonium carbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000618 nitrogen fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007115 recruitment Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- QSOHVSNIQHGFJU-UHFFFAOYSA-L thiosultap disodium Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)SCC(N(C)C)CSS([O-])(=O)=O QSOHVSNIQHGFJU-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000002054 transplantation Methods 0.000 description 1
- DQJCHOQLCLEDLL-UHFFFAOYSA-N tricyclazole Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC2=C1N1C=NN=C1S2 DQJCHOQLCLEDLL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C11/00—Transplanting machines
- A01C11/003—Transplanting machines for aquatic plants; for planting underwater, e.g. rice
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/20—Cereals
- A01G22/22—Rice
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/02—Receptacles, e.g. flower-pots or boxes; Glasses for cultivating flowers
- A01G9/029—Receptacles for seedlings
- A01G9/0299—Handling or transporting of soil blocks or seedlings
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Pretreatment Of Seeds And Plants (AREA)
- Sowing (AREA)
- Cultivation Receptacles Or Flower-Pots, Or Pots For Seedlings (AREA)
Abstract
To solve the deficiencies in the prior art, the invention provides a kind of hardened ground method of raising seedling of rice planting technology, comprise the following steps：S1. preparing nursery bed and seed treatment.S2. sowing and seedling.S3. seedling stage water and fertilizer management and hardening.S4. transplanting and field management.Wherein, preparing nursery bed described in step S1 includes：First, the hardening level ground of no slope, convex-concave is selected to make seedling bed.Then seedling bed counterdie is made in more than 0.06mm agricultural film in seedbed bottom laying depth.Seedlings nursing plate is laid above agricultural film afterwards, trying to get to the heart of a matter for the seedlings nursing plate is brought into close contact with the film surface of the agricultural film.Then above the agricultural film, in the seedlings nursing plate and surrounding uniformly inserts subsoil, the subsoil thickness is the 1/2 2/3 of seedlings nursing plate height.Subsoil finally is irrigated with clear water, completes seedbed preparation.Using the hardened ground method of raising seedling of rice planting technology of the present invention, the nursery of transplanting can be carried out in the place such as concrete floor, horizontal roof, is not take up planting soil and rice shoot survival rate is high.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to proportion of crop planting technical field, and in particular to a kind of hardened ground seedling side of rice planting technology
Method.
Background technology
As rural laborer's immigrant laborers are more, Rice Production recruitment contradiction is very prominent, and various regions mass peasants are fervent
Change " facing loess facing away from day, decades with one's back bent " original Rice Production mode.Transplanting is efficiently inserted with rice transplanter
Seedling replaces the high-yield culture technique that original hand is inserted, and thoroughly relieves heavy rice transplantation by hand.The machine transplanting of rice is cultivated as rice high efficient and sent out
Exhibition direction has become basically universal in developed country, and the Taiwan Province in the country such as Japan and Korea S. and China realizes mechanized planting comprehensively.
The Ministry of Agriculture formulates within 2006《10 years development plans (2006-2015) of national rice planting mechanization》, plan and explicitly point out
China rice advantage producing region carries out, to educate rice transplanting mechanization impetus, promoting rice entire mechanization, basic to the year two thousand twenty whole nation
Realize rice entire mechanization.
The method for culturing seedlings of existing rice planting technology mainly has：1. breeding use floppy disk, mainly carried out in nursery Tanaka, this method
Although equipment cost is relatively low, special soil is needed to carry out nursery, land utilization ratio is not high, and seedling cultivation bed requirement reaches
The standard of " real, flat, light, straight ", hand labor intensity are larger.2. hard seedlings nursing plate nursery, it can realize and educate on any level land
Seedling, there is preferable soil space Utilization ability, but greenhouse of nursing young plants in hothouses need to be built, cost is higher and technology is difficult to control.
The content of the invention
The present invention is directed at least 1 in above mentioned problem existing for existing rice planting technology seedling, there is provided a kind of rice
The hardened ground method of raising seedling of transplanting, comprises the following steps：
S1. preparing nursery bed and seed treatment.
S2. sowing and seedling.
S3. seedling stage water and fertilizer management and hardening.
S4. transplanting and field management.
Further, preparing nursery bed described in step S1 includes：First, the hardening level ground of no slope, convex-concave is selected to make
Seedling bed.Then seedling bed counterdie is made in more than 0.06mm agricultural film in seedbed bottom laying depth.Lay and educate above agricultural film afterwards
Seed plate, trying to get to the heart of a matter for the seedlings nursing plate are brought into close contact with the film surface of the agricultural film.Then above the agricultural film, in the seedlings nursing plate
Interior and surrounding uniformly inserts subsoil, and the subsoil thickness is the 1/2-2/3 of seedlings nursing plate height.Subsoil finally is irrigated with clear water,
Complete seedbed preparation.
Further, the method for seed treatment includes described in step S1：The seed of health is selected, medicine is used after basking seeds
48-72 hours are soaked in agent, are then handled by vernalization and dehumidification, are ruptured to seed side kind skin, both to seed " broken chest shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally "
, and untill growing the bud no more than 2mm.
Further, the preparation method of the subsoil includes：Prepare fertile, free of contamination loam first.Then after crushing
Cross the screen cloth of 50-100 mesh.Add 5-10 grams of ratio in the loam after screening according to every kilogram of loam afterwards to add, addition is high
Water-absorbing resin, composite fertilizer, the mixture of moderate-element.The moderate-element includes：Calcium, magnesium, sulphur, silicon.
Further, it is with the mass percentage in mixture, the addition of the high hydroscopic resin：10-30%.
The addition of the composite fertilizer is：60-89%.The addition of the moderate-element is：1-5%.
Further, the method sowed described in step S2 includes：Seedlings nursing plate quantity is first according to, prepares seed rice 50-90g/
Disk.Then 15-20 days before planting, sowed by several times on seedlings nursing plate, each application rate is 10-20g/ disks.Sowing afterwards
Fine earth or decomposed thin excrement are laid on complete seedlings nursing plate, is advisable to lid square position mouth.Finally lay and shelter from heat or light on the seedbed that sowing finishes
Net, and pour permeable.The shade net is directly overlayed in the bed soil and seedlings nursing plate in seedbed.
Further, the sowing time is 7-10 points in morning or 16-19 points in afternoon.
Further, the method for seedling stage water and fertilizer management includes described in step S3：
(1) 3-4 days after rice growing, keep disk soil moist, and in the early, middle and late soil for being observed or being measured seedbed
Earth humidity.
(2) neat after seedling, seedbed surrounding agricultural film wooden stick or bamboo chip is padded, chase shape is formed, and water or fill in ditch
Flat entropy water, make the water level in chase concordant with seedlings nursing plate.Meanwhile gradually open sunshade net and carry out hardening, rice shoot grows to 1-1.5 leaves
Sunshade net is removed completely afterwards.
(3) when rice shoot grows to 2-2.5 leaves, top dressing is carried out, its method is：Every mu using 200-400 grams of composite fertilizer according to
1:800-2000 mass ratioes spray rice shoot after being dissolved in water.Spray and poured a clear water again after compound rich water and wash leaf.
(4) 1-3 days control water hardenings before transplanting, and it is each once to apply " send and transfer fertilizer ", " send and transfer medicine ", pours permeable one with clear water afterwards
It is secondary.Described " send and transfer fertilizer " can be：Instant nitrogenousfertilizer, general every 667 square metres are applied 5-6 kilograms of urea preferably, can also use sulphur instead
Sour 10 kilograms of ammonium, but can not be given with ammonium hydrogen carbonate and transfer fertilizer, to prevent burn seedlings.Described " send and transfer medicine " can be：Every 667 square metres with
200 grams of 100 grams of tricyclazole plus dimehypo are watered 50 kilograms of sprayings.
Further, the moist method of step (1) the holding disk soil is：Keep seedlings nursing plate in soil moisture content be
50-60%.
Further, the method transplanted described in step S4 includes：First, keep not remaining on nursery blade face in transplanting
Rich water.Then the debris of seedling bed surrounding or supporter are removed, and agricultural film is laid flat draining, keep disk soil moisture in 30-
50, the soft or hard appropriateness of disk soil.The soft or hard appropriate criterion of disk soil is：Be in bulk when holding, from 1.5 meters of height fall after can
It is scattered to fall completely.
It is another object of the present invention to provide a kind of relatively low seedlings nursing plate of use cost, the seedlings nursing plate includes hard
Seedlings nursing plate.There is loading hatch, the loading hatch inner top surface of the hard seedlings nursing plate in described hard seedlings nursing plate one end side wall
It is upper that there is the arc-shaped limit piece to raise up, it is respectively provided with lateral support on described hard seedlings nursing plate inner left wall and right side inwall
Platform, described hard seedlings nursing plate are internally provided with detachable soft seedlings nursing plate.The subsoil is inserted in soft seedlings nursing plate.
Further, water-guiding hole is offered on described soft seedlings nursing plate, is opened up on described hard seedlings nursing plate inner bottom surface
There is water leg, there are two waterproof baffles to raise up inside described water leg, described water leg passes through waterproof baffle
Three separate inner chambers are divided the interior into, discharge outlet, described water proof gear are put in being offered in described waterproof baffle
Discharge outlet position is put during intralamellar part is corresponding and opens up the internal control flume with drop bar, described drop bar is by controlling
Discharge outlet keying is put in the control of groove internal slide, described soft seedlings nursing plate front end side wall has gap, described soft nursery
There is integrative-structure locator card buckle in the side wall of disk end.
Further, described hard seedlings nursing plate lower surface offers the bottom discharge groove being connected with water leg, described
Bottom discharge groove inner elastomeric slidably connect bottom and put sealing slip lid, described bottom put on sealing slip lid lateral wall have it is convenient
The integrative-structure control block of pull.
Further, described soft seedlings nursing plate two side upper end has the lateral support being engaged with lateral support platform
Bar.
Further, gap is left between described soft seedlings nursing plate lower surface and hard seedlings nursing plate inner bottom surface
The present invention at least has one of the following advantages：
1. using rice planting technology of the present invention hardening of cement ground method of raising seedling, can concrete floor, family threshing ground,
The place such as horizontal roof carries out the nursery of transplanting, is not take up planting soil and temperature equalization, and emergence is neat, and rich water is not lost in,
Seedling growth is sturdy, well developed root system, can bring out strong seedling, meets the technical requirements needed for rice transplanter.
2. using the hardening of cement ground method of raising seedling of rice planting technology of the present invention, peasant household can be met in Around the house seedling
Technical advantage, be easy to manage, it is simple, easy to operate.
3. using the hardening of cement ground method of raising seedling of rice planting technology of the present invention, labour cost can be significantly reduced, is subtracted
Light work intensity；The transplanting breeding use floppy disk seedbed standard of " real, flat, light, straight " is ensure that, seedling disk is unlikely to deform, and extends seedling disk
Service life, water-saving fertilizer-preserving, rich water are not lost in, the neat specification of rice shoot, disclosure satisfy that transplanting standardizes nursery standard.
4. using the seedlings nursing plate of the present invention by setting soft seedlings nursing plate on hard seedlings nursing plate, by the way that cost is cheap
Soft seedlings nursing plate greatly reduces the use cost of seedlings nursing plate, and can improve hard seedlings nursing plate as disposable object
Service efficiency.
Brief description of the drawings
The present invention is further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of seedlings nursing plate of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the sectional view of seedlings nursing plate of the present invention.
In figure:1. hard seedlings nursing plate, 2. loading hatch, 3. arc-shaped limit pieces, 4. lateral support platforms, 5. soft seedlings nursing plates, 6.
Water-guiding hole, 7. water legs, 8. waterproof baffles put discharge outlet in 9., 10. drop bars, 11. control flumes, 12. locator card buckles,
13. bottom discharge groove, sealing slip lid, 15. control blocks, 16. lateral support bars are put in 14. bottoms.
Embodiment
In order to make the purpose , technical scheme and advantage of the present invention be clearer, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is entered
One step describes in detail.It should be appreciated that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention, it is not used to limit this
Invention.
Embodiment 1
A kind of hardened ground method of raising seedling of rice planting technology, comprises the following steps：
S1. preparing nursery bed and seed treatment.
Preparing nursery bed described in step S1 includes：First, the hardening level ground of no slope, convex-concave is selected to make seedling bed.Then
Make seedling bed counterdie in 0.06mm agricultural film in seedbed bottom laying depth.Seedlings nursing plate, the nursery are laid above agricultural film afterwards
Trying to get to the heart of a matter for disk is brought into close contact with the film surface of the agricultural film.Then above the agricultural film, in the seedlings nursing plate and surrounding is uniform
Insert subsoil, the subsoil thickness is the 2/3 of seedlings nursing plate height.Subsoil finally is irrigated with clear water, completes seedbed preparation.
S2. sowing and seedling.
The method sowed described in step S2 includes：Seedlings nursing plate quantity is first according to, prepares hybrid rice seed 50g/ disks.Then
In planting first 18 days, sowed by several times on seedlings nursing plate, each application rate is 15g/ disks.Afterwards on the seedlings nursing plate upper berth that sowing finishes
If fine earth or decomposed thin excrement, are advisable to lid square position mouth.Shade net finally is laid on the seedbed that sowing finishes, and is poured permeable.Broadcast
The time of kind is 8 points of morning or at 18 points in afternoon.
S3. seedling stage water and fertilizer management and hardening.
The method of seedling stage water and fertilizer management and hardening described in step S3 includes：
(1) 3-4 days after rice growing, it is 55% to keep the soil moisture content in seedlings nursing plate, and is carried out in early, middle and late
Observation or the soil moisture in measurement seedbed.
(2) neat after seedling, seedbed surrounding agricultural film wooden stick or bamboo chip is padded, chase shape is formed, and water or fill in ditch
Flat entropy water, make the water level in chase concordant with seedlings nursing plate.Meanwhile gradually open sunshade net and carry out hardening, rice shoot grows to 1-1.5 leaves
Sunshade net is removed completely afterwards.
(3) when rice shoot grows to 2-2.5 leaves, top dressing is carried out, its method is：250 grams of composite fertilizers of every mu of use are according to 1:
1000 mass ratioes spray rice shoot after being dissolved in water.Spray and poured a clear water again after compound rich water and wash leaf.
(4) 1-3 days control water hardenings before transplanting, and it is each once to apply " send and transfer fertilizer ", " send and transfer medicine ", pours permeable one with clear water afterwards
It is secondary.
S4. transplanting and field management.
The method transplanted described in rapid S4 includes：First, keep there is no the rich water of residual on nursery blade face in transplanting.Then
The debris of seedling bed surrounding or supporter are removed, and agricultural film is laid flat draining, keeping disk soil moisture, disk soil is soft or hard suitable 40%
Degree.
Embodiment 2
A kind of hardened ground method of raising seedling of rice planting technology, comprises the following steps：
S1. preparing nursery bed and seed treatment.
Preparing nursery bed described in step S1 includes：First, the hardening level ground of no slope, convex-concave is selected to make seedling bed.Then
Make seedling bed counterdie in 0.08mm agricultural film in seedbed bottom laying depth.Seedlings nursing plate, the nursery are laid above agricultural film afterwards
Trying to get to the heart of a matter for disk is brought into close contact with the film surface of the agricultural film.Then above the agricultural film, in the seedlings nursing plate and surrounding is uniform
Insert subsoil, the subsoil thickness is the 1/2 of seedlings nursing plate height.Subsoil finally is irrigated with clear water, completes seedbed preparation.
S2. sowing and seedling.
The method sowed described in step S2 includes：Seedlings nursing plate quantity is first according to, prepares conventional seed rice 90g/ disks.Then
In planting first 20 days, sowed by several times on seedlings nursing plate, each application rate is 20g/ disks.Afterwards on the seedlings nursing plate upper berth that sowing finishes
If fine earth or decomposed thin excrement, are advisable to lid square position mouth.Shade net finally is laid on the seedbed that sowing finishes, and is poured permeable.Broadcast
The time of kind is 10 points of morning or at 19 points in afternoon.The high temperature period at noon is avoided, is burnt the seed age of a draught animal in order to avoid temperature is too high.With morning
Seedling disk, sabot soil are laid, sowing in afternoon epiphragma is best mode.
S3. seedling stage water and fertilizer management and hardening.
The method of seedling stage water and fertilizer management and hardening described in step S3 includes：
(1) 3-4 days after rice growing, it is 60% to keep the soil moisture content in seedlings nursing plate, and is carried out in early, middle and late
Observation or the soil moisture in measurement seedbed.
(2) neat after seedling, seedbed surrounding agricultural film wooden stick or bamboo chip is padded, chase shape is formed, and water or fill in ditch
Flat entropy water, make the water level in chase concordant with seedlings nursing plate.Meanwhile gradually open sunshade net and carry out hardening, rice shoot grows to 1-1.5 leaves
Sunshade net is removed completely afterwards.
(3) when rice shoot grows to 2-2.5 leaves, top dressing is carried out, its method is：400 grams of composite fertilizers of every mu of use are according to 1:
2000 mass ratioes spray rice shoot after being dissolved in water.Spray and poured a clear water again after compound rich water and wash leaf.
(4) 1-3 days control water hardenings before transplanting, and it is each once to apply " send and transfer fertilizer ", " send and transfer medicine ", pours permeable one with clear water afterwards
It is secondary.
S4. transplanting and field management.
The method transplanted described in rapid S4 includes：First, keep there is no the rich water of residual on nursery blade face in transplanting.Then
The debris of seedling bed surrounding or supporter are removed, and agricultural film is laid flat draining, keeping disk soil moisture, disk soil is soft or hard suitable 50%
Degree.
Embodiment 3
A kind of hardened ground method of raising seedling of rice planting technology, comprises the following steps：
S1. preparing nursery bed and seed treatment.
Preparing nursery bed described in step S1 includes：First, the hardening level ground of no slope, convex-concave is selected to make seedling bed.Then
Make seedling bed counterdie in 0.06mm agricultural film in seedbed bottom laying depth.Seedlings nursing plate, the nursery are laid above agricultural film afterwards
Trying to get to the heart of a matter for disk is brought into close contact with the film surface of the agricultural film.Then above the agricultural film, in the seedlings nursing plate and surrounding is uniform
Insert subsoil, the subsoil thickness is the 2/3 of seedlings nursing plate height.Subsoil finally is irrigated with clear water, completes seedbed preparation.
S2. sowing and seedling.
The method sowed described in step S2 includes：Seedlings nursing plate quantity is first according to, prepares hybrid rice seed 60g/ disks.Then
In planting first 15 days, sowed by several times on seedlings nursing plate, each application rate is 10g/ disks.Afterwards on the seedlings nursing plate upper berth that sowing finishes
If fine earth or decomposed thin excrement, are advisable to lid square position mouth.Shade net finally is laid on the seedbed that sowing finishes, and is poured permeable.Broadcast
The time of kind is 7 points of morning or at 16 points in afternoon.
S3. seedling stage water and fertilizer management and hardening.
The method of seedling stage water and fertilizer management and hardening described in step S3 includes：
(1) 3-4 days after rice growing, it is 50% to keep the soil moisture content in seedlings nursing plate, and is carried out in early, middle and late
Observation or the soil moisture in measurement seedbed.
(2) neat after seedling, seedbed surrounding agricultural film wooden stick or bamboo chip is padded, chase shape is formed, and water or fill in ditch
Flat entropy water, make the water level in chase concordant with seedlings nursing plate.Meanwhile gradually open sunshade net and carry out hardening, rice shoot grows to 1-1.5 leaves
Sunshade net is removed completely afterwards.
(3) when rice shoot grows to 2-2.5 leaves, top dressing is carried out, its method is：200 grams of composite fertilizers of every mu of use are according to 1:800
Mass ratio sprays rice shoot after being dissolved in water.Spray and poured a clear water again after compound rich water and wash leaf.
(4) 1-3 days control water hardenings before transplanting, and it is each once to apply " send and transfer fertilizer ", " send and transfer medicine ", pours permeable one with clear water afterwards
It is secondary.
S4. transplanting and field management.
The method transplanted described in rapid S4 includes：First, keep there is no the rich water of residual on nursery blade face in transplanting.Then
The debris of seedling bed surrounding or supporter are removed, and agricultural film is laid flat draining, keeping disk soil moisture, disk soil is soft or hard suitable 30%
Degree.
Embodiment 4
A kind of hardened ground method of raising seedling of rice planting technology, comprises the following steps：
S1. preparing nursery bed and seed treatment.
Preparing nursery bed described in step S1 includes：First, the hardening level ground of no slope, convex-concave is selected to make seedling bed.Then
Make seedling bed counterdie in 0.1mm agricultural film in seedbed bottom laying depth.Seedlings nursing plate, the seedlings nursing plate are laid above agricultural film afterwards
Try to get to the heart of a matter and be brought into close contact with the film surface of the agricultural film.Then above the agricultural film, in the seedlings nursing plate and surrounding is uniform
Subsoil is inserted, the subsoil thickness is the 1/2 of seedlings nursing plate height.Subsoil finally is irrigated with clear water, completes seedbed preparation.
S2. sowing and seedling.
The method sowed described in step S2 includes：Seedlings nursing plate quantity is first according to, prepares seed rice 50-90g/ disks.Then in
Plant first 16 days, sowed by several times on seedlings nursing plate, each application rate is 15g/ disks.Laid afterwards on the seedlings nursing plate that sowing finishes
Fine earth or decomposed thin excrement, are advisable to lid square position mouth.Shade net finally is laid on the seedbed that sowing finishes, and is poured permeable.Sowing
Time be 8 points of morning or at 17 points in afternoon.
S3. seedling stage water and fertilizer management and hardening.
The method of seedling stage water and fertilizer management and hardening described in step S3 includes：
(1) 3-4 days after rice growing, it is 60% to keep the soil moisture content in seedlings nursing plate, and is carried out in early, middle and late
Observation or the soil moisture in measurement seedbed.
(2) neat after seedling, seedbed surrounding agricultural film wooden stick or bamboo chip is padded, chase shape is formed, and water or fill in ditch
Flat entropy water, make the water level in chase concordant with seedlings nursing plate.Meanwhile gradually open sunshade net and carry out hardening, rice shoot grows to 1-1.5 leaves
Sunshade net is removed completely afterwards.
(3) when rice shoot grows to 2-2.5 leaves, top dressing is carried out, its method is：250 grams of composite fertilizers of every mu of use are according to 1:
1000 mass ratioes spray rice shoot after being dissolved in water.Spray and poured a clear water again after compound rich water and wash leaf.
(4) 1-3 days control water hardenings before transplanting, and it is each once to apply " send and transfer fertilizer ", " send and transfer medicine ", pours permeable one with clear water afterwards
It is secondary.
S4. transplanting and field management.
The method transplanted described in rapid S4 includes：First, keep there is no the rich water of residual on nursery blade face in transplanting.Then
The debris of seedling bed surrounding or supporter are removed, and agricultural film is laid flat draining, keeping disk soil moisture, disk soil is soft or hard suitable 30%
Degree.
Embodiment 5
Based on the hardened ground method of raising seedling of rice planting technology described in embodiment 1-4 any embodiments, wherein, the subsoil
Preparation method include：Prepare fertile, free of contamination loam first.Then the screen cloth of 80 mesh is crossed after crushing.Afterwards after screening
Loam in 6 grams of ratio added according to every kilogram of loam add, addition high hydroscopic resin, composite fertilizer, the mixture of moderate-element.
Mass percentage in mixture, the addition of the high hydroscopic resin are：20%.The addition of the composite fertilizer is：
78%.The addition of the moderate-element is：2%.The moderate-element includes：Calcium, magnesium, sulphur, silicon.Obtained using the configuration
Subsoil as culture matrix, the survival rate and the speed of growth of nursery can be remarkably reinforced.
Embodiment 6
Based on the hardened ground method of raising seedling of rice planting technology described in embodiment 1-4 any embodiments, wherein, the subsoil
Preparation method include：Prepare fertile, free of contamination loam first.Then the screen cloth of 100 mesh is crossed after crushing.Afterwards after screening
Loam in 10 grams of ratio added according to every kilogram of loam add, add the mixing of high hydroscopic resin, composite fertilizer, moderate-element
Thing.Mass percentage in mixture, the addition of the high hydroscopic resin are：30%.The addition of the composite fertilizer is：
65%.The addition of the moderate-element is：5%.The moderate-element includes：Calcium, magnesium, sulphur, silicon.
Embodiment 7
Based on the hardened ground method of raising seedling of rice planting technology described in embodiment 1-4 any embodiments, wherein, the subsoil
Preparation method include：Prepare fertile, free of contamination loam first.Then the screen cloth of 50 mesh is crossed after crushing.Afterwards after screening
Loam in 5 grams of ratio added according to every kilogram of loam add, addition high hydroscopic resin, composite fertilizer, the mixture of moderate-element.
Mass percentage in mixture, the addition of the high hydroscopic resin are：10%.The addition of the composite fertilizer is：
89%.The addition of the moderate-element is：1%.The moderate-element includes：Calcium, magnesium, sulphur, silicon.
Embodiment 8
Based on the hardened ground method of raising seedling of rice planting technology described in embodiment 1-7 any embodiments, Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 institutes
Show, wherein, the seedlings nursing plate includes hard seedlings nursing plate 1, has loading hatch 2, hard seedlings nursing plate in one end side wall of hard seedlings nursing plate 1
There is the arc-shaped limit piece 3 that raises up, in the inner left wall of hard seedlings nursing plate 1 and right side inwall on 1 inner top surface of loading hatch 2
With lateral support platform 4, hard seedlings nursing plate 1 is internally provided with detachable soft seedlings nursing plate 5, is offered on soft seedlings nursing plate 5
Water-guiding hole 6, water leg 7 is offered on the inner bottom surface of hard seedlings nursing plate 5, and the inside of water leg 7 has two water proofs to raise up gears
Plate 8, water leg 7 divide the interior into three separate inner chambers by waterproof baffle 8, put in being offered in waterproof baffle 8
Discharge outlet 9, the position of discharge outlet 9 is put during the inside of waterproof baffle 8 is corresponding and opens up the internal control flume 11 with drop bar 10, sealing
Slide plate 10 is opened and closed by putting discharge outlet 9 in the control of the internal slide of control flume 11, and the soft front end side wall of seedlings nursing plate 5 has gap,
There is integrative-structure locator card buckle 12 in the soft end side wall of seedlings nursing plate 5.
Further, the lower surface of hard seedlings nursing plate 1 offers the bottom discharge groove 13 being connected with water leg 7, bottom row
The inner elastomeric of tank 13 slidably connects bottom and puts sealing slip lid 14, and bottom, which puts to have on the sealing lateral wall of slip lid 14, facilitates the one of pull
Body structure control block 15, further, the soft two side upper end of seedlings nursing plate 5 have the lateral branch being engaged with lateral support platform 4
Stay 16, further, gap, Gao Xun of the invention are left between the soft lower surface of seedlings nursing plate 5 and the inner bottom surface of hard seedlings nursing plate 1
Ring using the pre- disk of transplanting by setting soft seedlings nursing plate 5 on hard seedlings nursing plate 1, by by the cheap soft seedlings nursing plate of cost
5 are used as disposable object, substantially reduce production cost, and have drop bar by being set on hard seedlings nursing plate 1
10 and in put discharge outlet 9 waterproof baffle 8 can unrestricted choice diverse location as needed water so that rice transplanting cultivate effect
It is controllable, the bottom discharge groove 13 that interior bottom set puts sealing slip lid 14 is opened up in the lower end of hard seedlings nursing plate 1, greatly promotes hard seedlings nursing plate
1 feature and practicality.
After the completion of the sowing of mechanization seedling pipelining equipment, it is only necessary to matrix is together moved into seedling bed together with floppy disk and carries out seedling
Seedling is cultivated, and hard disk continues to recycle.Effect：Hard disk price is generally 8 yuan/.Floppy disk price be generally 0.1-0.5 member/,
In use, only needing to expend floppy disk, use cost is reduced, and hard disk can recycle, can be with a sowing season
Complete multiple nursery operation.
The present invention at least has one of the following advantages：
1. using rice planting technology of the present invention hardening of cement ground method of raising seedling, can concrete floor, family threshing ground,
The place such as horizontal roof carries out the nursery of transplanting, is not take up planting soil and temperature equalization, and emergence is neat, and rich water is not lost in,
Seedling growth is sturdy, well developed root system, can bring out strong seedling, meets the technical requirements needed for rice transplanter.
2. using the hardening of cement ground method of raising seedling of rice planting technology of the present invention, peasant household can be met in Around the house seedling
Technical advantage, be easy to manage, it is simple, easy to operate.
3, using the hardening of cement ground method of raising seedling of rice planting technology of the present invention, labour cost can be significantly reduced, is subtracted
Light work intensity；The transplanting breeding use floppy disk seedbed standard of " real, flat, light, straight " is ensure that, seedling disk is unlikely to deform, and extends seedling disk
Service life, water-saving fertilizer-preserving, rich water are not lost in, the neat specification of rice shoot, disclosure satisfy that transplanting standardizes nursery standard.
4. using the seedlings nursing plate of the present invention by setting soft seedlings nursing plate on hard seedlings nursing plate, by the way that cost is cheap
Soft seedlings nursing plate greatly reduces the use cost of seedlings nursing plate, and can improve hard seedlings nursing plate as disposable object
Service efficiency.
It should be noted that and understand, in the case of the spirit and scope required by not departing from the claims in the present invention, energy
Enough present invention to foregoing detailed description make various modifications and improvements.It is therefore desirable to protection technical scheme scope not by
The limitation of given any specific exemplary teachings.
Claims (10)
1. the hardened ground method of raising seedling of rice planting technology, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
S1. preparing nursery bed and seed treatment；
S2. sowing and seedling；
S3. seedling stage water and fertilizer management and hardening；
S4. transplanting and field management；
Wherein, preparing nursery bed described in step S1 includes：First, the hardening level ground of no slope, convex-concave is selected to make seedling bed；Then
Make seedling bed counterdie in more than 0.06mm agricultural film in seedbed bottom laying depth；Seedlings nursing plate is laid above agricultural film afterwards, it is described
Trying to get to the heart of a matter for seedlings nursing plate is brought into close contact with the film surface of the agricultural film；Then above the agricultural film, in the seedlings nursing plate and surrounding
Uniform to insert subsoil, the subsoil thickness is the 1/2-2/3 of seedlings nursing plate height；Subsoil finally is irrigated with clear water, completes seedbed
Prepare.
2. the hardened ground method of raising seedling of rice planting technology according to claim 1, it is characterised in that seed described in step S1
The method of processing includes：Select the seed of health, using medicament immersion 48-72 hours after basking seeds, then by vernalization and
Dehumidification processing, untill kind skin ruptures and grown no more than 2mm bud to seed side.
3. the hardened ground method of raising seedling of rice planting technology according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the preparation of the subsoil
Method includes：Prepare fertile, free of contamination loam first；Then the screen cloth of 50-100 mesh is crossed after crushing；Afterwards after screening
Add in loam according to the ratio of every kilogram of 5-10 grams of loam addition, add the mixing of high hydroscopic resin, composite fertilizer, moderate-element
Thing.
4. the hardened ground method of raising seedling of rice planting technology according to claim 3, it is characterised in that with the matter in mixture
Percentage meter is measured, the addition of the high hydroscopic resin is：10-30%；The addition of the composite fertilizer is：60-89%；It is described
The addition of moderate-element is：1-5%.
5. the hardened ground method of raising seedling of rice planting technology according to claim 1, it is characterised in that sowing described in step S2
Method include：Seedlings nursing plate quantity is first according to, prepares seed rice 50-90g/ disks；Then 15-20 days before planting, in seedlings nursing plate
Upper gradation sowing, each application rate is 10-20g/ disks；Fine earth or decomposed thin excrement are laid on the seedlings nursing plate that sowing finishes afterwards,
It is advisable to lid square position mouth；Shade net finally is laid on the seedbed that sowing finishes, and is poured permeable.
6. the hardened ground method of raising seedling of rice planting technology according to claim 5, it is characterised in that the time of sowing is early
Upper 7-10 points or 16-19 points in afternoon.
7. the hardened ground method of raising seedling of rice planting technology according to claim 1, it is characterised in that seedling stage described in step S3
The method of water and fertilizer management and hardening includes：
(1) 3-4 days after rice growing, keep disk soil moist and wet in the early, middle and late soil for being observed or being measured seedbed
Degree；
(2) neat after seedling, seedbed surrounding agricultural film wooden stick or bamboo chip is padded, chase shape is formed, and water or fill flat entropy in ditch
Water, make the water level in chase concordant with seedlings nursing plate；Meanwhile gradually open sunshade net and carry out hardening, rice shoot will after growing to 1-1.5 leaves
Sunshade net removes completely；
(3) when rice shoot grows to 2-2.5 leaves, top dressing is carried out, its method is：Every mu using 200-400 grams of composite fertilizer according to 1:
800-2000 mass ratioes spray rice shoot after being dissolved in water；Spray and poured a clear water again after compound rich water and wash leaf；
(4) 1-3 days control water hardenings before transplanting, and it is each once to apply " send and transfer fertilizer ", " send and transfer medicine ", afterwards with clear water pour it is permeable once.
8. the hardened ground method of raising seedling of rice planting technology according to claim 7, it is characterised in that step (1) described guarantor
Holding the moist method of disk soil is：It is 50-60% to keep the soil moisture content in seedlings nursing plate.
9. the hardened ground method of raising seedling of rice planting technology according to claim 1, it is characterised in that transplanting described in step S4
Method include：First, keep there is no the rich water of residual on nursery blade face in transplanting；Then by the debris of seedling bed surrounding or
Supporter is removed, and agricultural film is laid flat into draining, keeps disk soil moisture in 30-50%, the soft or hard appropriateness of disk soil.
10. according to the hardened ground method of raising seedling of any rice planting technologies of claim 1-9, it is characterised in that described to educate
Seed plate includes hard seedlings nursing plate (1)；There is loading hatch (2), the hard in described hard seedlings nursing plate (1) one end side wall
There is the arc-shaped limit piece (3) to raise up, described hard seedlings nursing plate (1) left side on loading hatch (2) inner top surface of seedlings nursing plate (1)
Lateral support platform (4) is respectively provided with side inwall and right side inwall, described hard seedlings nursing plate (1) is internally provided with detachable soft
Matter seedlings nursing plate (5)；The subsoil is inserted in soft seedlings nursing plate (5).
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201710751390.XA CN107371934A (en) | 2017-08-28 | 2017-08-28 | The hardened ground method of raising seedling of rice planting technology |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114931075A (en) * | 2022-06-11 | 2022-08-23 | 黑龙江米艺通农业发展有限公司 | Rice pond seedling raising method |
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| CN201267128Y (en) * | 2008-05-04 | 2009-07-08 | 中国水稻研究所 | Plate set type alms bowl-shaped disk for cultivating blanket-shaped seedlings |
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Application publication date: 20171124 |