CN107369734B - Weather-resistant solar cell back plate and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Weather-resistant solar cell back plate and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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CN107369734B
CN107369734B CN201710355568.9A CN201710355568A CN107369734B CN 107369734 B CN107369734 B CN 107369734B CN 201710355568 A CN201710355568 A CN 201710355568A CN 107369734 B CN107369734 B CN 107369734B
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CN107369734A (en
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魏亮
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Wenling Yintu Shoes Co., Ltd
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Wenling Yintu Shoes Co Ltd
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/04Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
    • H01L31/042PV modules or arrays of single PV cells
    • H01L31/048Encapsulation of modules
    • H01L31/049Protective back sheets
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/02Details
    • H01L31/0216Coatings
    • H01L31/02161Coatings for devices characterised by at least one potential jump barrier or surface barrier
    • H01L31/02167Coatings for devices characterised by at least one potential jump barrier or surface barrier for solar cells
    • H01L31/02168Coatings for devices characterised by at least one potential jump barrier or surface barrier for solar cells the coatings being antireflective or having enhancing optical properties for the solar cells
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/18Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of these devices or of parts thereof
    • H01L31/1876Particular processes or apparatus for batch treatment of the devices
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/50Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product

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Abstract

The invention provides a weather-resistant solar cell backboard, which sequentially comprises: the first weather-resistant layer, the first adhesive layer, the core layer, the second adhesive layer and the second weather-resistant layer are made of the fluoropolymer, the adopted fluoropolymer has good insulating property, mechanical strength and water vapor barrier property of the PET film, and the fluoropolymer material has weather resistance, self-cleaning property, corrosion resistance, washing resistance, water vapor barrier property, non-adhesion property and the like; secondly, the composition containing the ethylene-butadiene-styrene triblock copolymer adopted by the core layer has good mechanical property, strong ultraviolet aging resistance and strong adhesion with the adhesive layer, so that the whole back plate has good mechanical property and ultraviolet aging resistance; thirdly, the solar cell back plate provided by the invention has the advantages of simple manufacturing process, easiness in operation, low requirement on equipment and low cost. Therefore, the solar cell back plate prepared by the invention has good weather resistance and lower cost.

Description

Weather-resistant solar cell back plate and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of solar cell manufacturing, in particular to a weather-resistant solar cell back plate and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Solar cells are devices that directly convert light energy into electrical energy through a photoelectric effect or a photochemical effect, and are widely used in military, aerospace, industrial, commercial, agricultural, communication, household appliances, and public facilities. The solar cell back plate is one of solar cell module packaging materials, the main performance of the solar cell back plate is packaging crystalline silicon, the solar cell back plate plays a role in protecting a solar module from natural environments such as water vapor, ultraviolet, temperature, frost and the like, and the photoelectric conversion efficiency and the service life of the solar cell are directly influenced by the quality of the performance of the solar cell back plate.
The solar cell panel is generally a laminated structure, and is formed by laminating a transparent cover plate, a sealant layer, a solar cell sheet, a sealant layer and a solar cell back plate. The solar cell backboard mainly has the advantages that the overall mechanical strength of the solar cell panel is improved, and the influence on the service life of a cell piece caused by the fact that water vapor permeates into the sealing layer can be prevented. Therefore, the solar cell back sheet must be insulated, i.e., have electrical breakdown resistance, aging resistance, weather resistance, and corrosion resistance.
Currently, the conventional solar cell back panel is produced by a multilayer film lamination molding mode, and the commonly used back panel can be divided into a TPT, a TPE, a full PET and a PET/polyolefin structure, wherein T is a polyvinyl fluoride (PVF) film of dupont, usa, and the trade name of T is Tedlar; p is a biaxially oriented polyethylene terephthalate film, i.e., a PET film, also known as a polyester film or a polyester film; e is ethylene-vinyl acetate resin EVA; polyolefin refers to various plastics having a carbon-carbon structure as a main chain. TPT and TPE have weather-resistant fluorine-containing surface materials, so that the weather resistance of TPT and TPE is excellent, but most of the fluorine-containing materials are imported from foreign countries, the price is high, the rear panel with a full PET and PET/polyolefin structure has poor weather resistance, and the requirements of high-end products cannot be met.
Therefore, there is a need for a more efficient method for preparing solar cell back sheet films that are inexpensive and have excellent weatherability.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide a weather-resistant solar cell back plate and a preparation method thereof.
In order to achieve the above purposes, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the invention provides a weather-resistant solar cell backboard, which sequentially comprises: the first weather-resistant layer, the first adhesive layer, the core layer, the second adhesive layer and the second weather-resistant layer; the first weather-resistant layer and the second weather-resistant layer are respectively and independently formed by a fluorine-containing polymer, and the fluorine-containing polymer is prepared by esterification and polycondensation reaction of terephthalic acid and hexafluoropentanediol; the first adhesive layer and the second adhesive are respectively and independently formed by ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer adhesive or epoxy resin adhesive; the core layer is formed from a first composition comprising: 70-80 parts of ethylene-butadiene-styrene triblock copolymer, 20-30 parts of silicon dioxide, 3-5 parts of coupling agent and 0.5-1 part of antioxidant.
Preferably, the fluoropolymer is prepared as follows: adding terephthalic acid and hexafluoropentanediol into a polymerization reaction kettle, sealing, carrying out reflux reaction at the temperature of 270-300 ℃ for 2-3 hours for esterification reaction, then adding a catalyst, reducing the pressure to below 180Pa, carrying out polycondensation reaction at the temperature of 250-270 ℃ for 4-8 hours, carrying out coagulation, and drying to obtain the fluorine-containing polymer.
Preferably, the catalyst is antimony trioxide, antimony acetate or ethylene glycol antimony.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the terephthalic acid to the hexafluoropentanediol is 1 (1-1.5).
Preferably, the coupling agent is selected from one or more of a KH570 type coupling agent, a KH550 type coupling agent, a KH560 type coupling agent, a KH151 type coupling agent and a KH171 type coupling agent.
Preferably, the antioxidant is antioxidant 1010 or antioxidant 300.
Correspondingly, the invention also provides a preparation method of the weather-resistant solar cell back plate, which comprises the following steps: carrying out esterification polycondensation reaction on terephthalic acid and hexafluoropentanediol to obtain a first fluorine-containing polymer, and carrying out melt extrusion, cooling solidification and roll calendering on the fluorine-containing polymer at the temperature of 220-250 ℃ to obtain a first weather-resistant film; carrying out esterification polycondensation reaction on terephthalic acid and hexafluoropentanediol to obtain a second fluorine-containing polymer, and carrying out melt extrusion, cooling solidification and roll calendering on the fluorine-containing polymer at the temperature of 220-250 ℃ to obtain a second weather-resistant film; the method comprises the following steps of respectively and independently carrying out melt extrusion, cooling solidification and roller calendering on a first adhesive, a second adhesive and a first composition at the temperature of 220-250 ℃, thus obtaining a first adhesive film, a second adhesive film and a core film, wherein the first adhesive and the second adhesive are respectively and independently an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer adhesive or an epoxy resin adhesive, and the first composition comprises: 70-80 parts by weight of ethylene-butadiene-styrene triblock copolymer, 20-30 parts by weight of silicon dioxide, 3-5 parts by weight of coupling agent and 0.5-1 part by weight of antioxidant; corona discharge is carried out on the core film, then the first adhesive film and the second adhesive film are laminated on the upper surface and the lower surface of the core film, pressing is carried out, and a composite film is obtained after cooling; and performing corona discharge on the composite film, laminating the first weather-resistant film and the second weather-resistant film on the upper surface and the lower surface of the composite film, pressing, and performing hardening treatment to obtain the weather-resistant solar cell backboard.
Preferably, the first fluoropolymer is prepared as follows: adding terephthalic acid and hexafluoropentanediol into a polymerization reaction kettle, sealing, carrying out reflux reaction at the temperature of 270-300 ℃ for 2-3 hours for esterification reaction, then adding a catalyst, reducing the pressure to below 180Pa, carrying out polycondensation reaction at the temperature of 250-270 ℃ for 4-8 hours, carrying out coagulation, and drying to obtain the first fluorine-containing polymer.
Preferably, the catalyst is antimony trioxide, antimony acetate or ethylene glycol antimony.
Preferably, the hardening treatment is: hardening at 60-80 deg.C for 16-25 min, and then at room temperature for more than 20 hr.
The invention provides a weather-resistant solar cell backboard, which sequentially comprises: the first weather-resistant layer, the first adhesive layer, the core layer, the second adhesive layer and the second weather-resistant layer; the first weather-resistant layer and the second weather-resistant layer are respectively and independently formed by a fluorine-containing polymer, and the fluorine-containing polymer is prepared by esterification and polycondensation reaction of terephthalic acid and hexafluoropentanediol; the first adhesive layer and the second adhesive are respectively and independently formed by ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer adhesive or epoxy resin adhesive; the core layer is formed from a first composition comprising: 70-80 parts of ethylene-butadiene-styrene triblock copolymer, 20-30 parts of silicon dioxide, 3-5 parts of coupling agent and 0.5-1 part of antioxidant. Compared with the prior art, firstly, the adopted fluorine-containing polymer has good insulating property, mechanical strength and water vapor barrier property of the PET film, and also has weather resistance, self-cleaning property, corrosion resistance, washing resistance, water vapor barrier property, non-adhesion property and the like of the fluorine-containing polymer material; secondly, the composition containing the ethylene-butadiene-styrene triblock copolymer adopted by the core layer has good mechanical property, strong ultraviolet aging resistance and strong adhesion with the adhesive layer, so that the whole back plate has good mechanical property and ultraviolet aging resistance; thirdly, the solar cell back plate provided by the invention has the advantages of simple manufacturing process, easiness in operation, low requirement on equipment and low cost. Therefore, the solar cell back plate prepared by the invention has good weather resistance and lower cost.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a weatherable solar cell back sheet prepared according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following description is presented to disclose the invention so as to enable any person skilled in the art to practice the invention. The preferred embodiments in the following description are given by way of example only, and other obvious variations will occur to those skilled in the art.
The invention provides a weather-resistant solar cell back plate, as shown in fig. 1, sequentially comprising: the weather-resistant coating comprises a first weather-resistant layer 1, a first adhesive layer 2, a core layer 3, a second adhesive layer 4 and a second weather-resistant layer 5; the first weather-resistant layer 1 and the second weather-resistant layer 5 are each independently formed of a fluoropolymer prepared by esterification polycondensation of terephthalic acid and hexafluoropentanediol; the first adhesive layer 2 and the second adhesive 4 are respectively and independently formed by ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer adhesive or epoxy resin adhesive; the core layer 3 is formed of a first composition including: 70-80 parts of ethylene-butadiene-styrene triblock copolymer, 20-30 parts of silicon dioxide, 3-5 parts of coupling agent and 0.5-1 part of antioxidant.
The surface layer, namely the fluorine-containing polymer and the core layer of the weather-resistant solar cell back plate provided by the invention can enhance the weather resistance of the base film, the C-F bond in the fluorine-containing polymer has strong energy, and a hydrogen bond can be formed in the fluorine-containing polymer, so that the weather-resistant solar cell back plate has better weather resistance. In the silicon dioxide doped polymer, the O-Si bond is not easy to break, and the polymer is physically crosslinked, so that the silicon dioxide doped polymer has better weather resistance.
Preferably, the fluoropolymer is prepared as follows: adding terephthalic acid and hexafluoropentanediol into a polymerization reaction kettle, sealing, carrying out reflux reaction at the temperature of 270-300 ℃ for 2-3 hours for esterification reaction, then adding a catalyst, reducing the pressure to below 180Pa, carrying out polycondensation reaction at the temperature of 250-270 ℃ for 4-8 hours, carrying out coagulation, and drying to obtain the fluorine-containing polymer. In the preparation process of the fluorine-containing polymer, the catalyst is preferably antimony trioxide, antimony acetate or ethylene glycol antimony; the mass ratio of terephthalic acid to hexafluoropentanediol is preferably 1 (1.1-1.4), more preferably 1 (1-1.5). The coagulation is preferably carried out in deionized water; the drying temperature is preferably 60-80 ℃, and the drying time is preferably 12-20 hours.
The fluorine-containing polymer adopted by the invention is synthesized by terephthalic acid and hexafluoropentylene glycol ester, has simple and convenient distillation, easy operation and low requirement on equipment, and can reduce the cost to a certain extent.
According to the invention, terephthalic acid and hexafluoropentylene glycol ester are used as the outer layer of the solar cell back panel film, the film inherits the good insulating property, mechanical strength and water vapor barrier property of the PET film, has the weather resistance, self-cleaning property, namely stain resistance, corrosion resistance (salt resistance and acid rain resistance), washing resistance, water vapor barrier property and non-adhesion property of a fluorine-containing polymer material, can be used as a substitute of a PVDF film monopolized by foreign enterprises, and has low price. In addition, the adhesive of the film and the adhesive layer has strong adhesive property, so that the defects of low surface energy and non-adhesiveness of the fluorine-containing material are improved to a certain extent, and the probability of self-delamination, namely interlayer peeling, of the back plate in application is reduced.
Preferably, the core layer 3 is formed of a first composition comprising: 70-77 parts of ethylene-butadiene-styrene triblock copolymer, 22-30 parts of silicon dioxide, 3-5 parts of coupling agent and 0.6-1 part of antioxidant. The coupling agent is selected from one or more of KH570 type coupling agent, KH550 type coupling agent, KH560 type coupling agent, KH151 type coupling agent and KH171 type coupling agent. The antioxidant is antioxidant 1010 or antioxidant 300.
The inorganic-organic hybrid polymer material has good mechanical property, and the doped silicon dioxide not only can be used as a reinforcing agent, but also can be used as an ultraviolet absorbent, so that other ultraviolet ageing resistant agents are not required to be added, and the silicon dioxide doped ethylene-butadiene-styrene triblock copolymer composition has good ultraviolet ageing resistant capability and also has better weather resistance. On the other hand, the material has strong adhesive property with the adhesive of the adhesive layer, and the probability of self delamination (interlayer peeling) of the back plate in application is reduced to a certain extent.
Correspondingly, the invention also provides a preparation method of the weather-resistant solar cell back plate, which comprises the following steps: carrying out esterification polycondensation reaction on terephthalic acid and hexafluoropentanediol to obtain a first fluorine-containing polymer, and carrying out melt extrusion, cooling solidification and roll calendering on the fluorine-containing polymer at the temperature of 220-250 ℃ to obtain a first weather-resistant film; carrying out esterification polycondensation reaction on terephthalic acid and hexafluoropentanediol to obtain a second fluorine-containing polymer, and carrying out melt extrusion, cooling solidification and roll calendering on the fluorine-containing polymer at the temperature of 220-250 ℃ to obtain a second weather-resistant film; the method comprises the following steps of respectively and independently carrying out melt extrusion, cooling solidification and roller calendering on a first adhesive, a second adhesive and a first composition at the temperature of 220-250 ℃, thus obtaining a first adhesive film, a second adhesive film and a core film, wherein the first adhesive and the second adhesive are respectively and independently an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer adhesive or an epoxy resin adhesive, and the first composition comprises: 70-80 parts by weight of ethylene-butadiene-styrene triblock copolymer, 20-30 parts by weight of silicon dioxide, 3-5 parts by weight of coupling agent and 0.5-1 part by weight of antioxidant; corona discharge is carried out on the core film, then the first adhesive film and the second adhesive film are laminated on the upper surface and the lower surface of the core film, pressing is carried out, and a composite film is obtained after cooling; and performing corona discharge on the composite film, laminating the first weather-resistant film and the second weather-resistant film on the upper surface and the lower surface of the composite film, pressing, and performing hardening treatment to obtain the weather-resistant solar cell backboard.
The number of corona discharges on the core film is preferably 15 to 20; the number of corona discharges on the composite film is preferably 15-20; the pressing temperature of the obtained composite membrane is preferably 110-120 ℃; the pressing temperature of the obtained weather-resistant solar cell back is preferably 110-120 ℃; the hardening treatment comprises the following steps: hardening at 60-80 deg.C for 16-25 min, and then at room temperature for more than 20 hr.
Preferably, the first fluoropolymer is prepared as follows: adding terephthalic acid and hexafluoropentanediol into a polymerization reaction kettle, sealing, carrying out reflux reaction at the temperature of 270-300 ℃ for 2-3 hours for esterification reaction, then adding a catalyst, reducing the pressure to below 180Pa, carrying out polycondensation reaction at the temperature of 250-270 ℃ for 4-8 hours, carrying out coagulation, and drying to obtain the first fluorine-containing polymer. Wherein, the catalyst is preferably antimony trioxide, antimony acetate or ethylene glycol antimony; the mass ratio of terephthalic acid to hexafluoropentanediol is preferably 1 (1.1-1.4), more preferably 1 (1-1.5). The coagulation is preferably carried out in deionized water; the drying temperature is preferably 60-80 ℃, and the drying time is preferably 12-20 hours.
The first fluoropolymer and the second fluoropolymer are preferably the same. The second fluoropolymer is preferably prepared as follows: adding terephthalic acid and hexafluoropentanediol into a polymerization reaction kettle, sealing, carrying out reflux reaction at the temperature of 270-300 ℃ for 2-3 hours for esterification reaction, then adding a second catalyst, reducing the pressure to below 180Pa, carrying out polycondensation reaction at the temperature of 250-270 ℃ for 4-8 hours, and carrying out coagulation and drying to obtain the second fluorine-containing polymer. Wherein the second catalyst is preferably antimony trioxide, antimony acetate or ethylene glycol antimony; the mass ratio of terephthalic acid to hexafluoropentanediol is preferably 1 (1-1.5), more preferably 1 (1.1-1.4). The coagulation is preferably carried out in deionized water; the drying temperature is preferably 60-80 ℃, and the drying time is preferably 12-20 hours.
According to the scheme, the weather-resistant solar cell back plate and the preparation method thereof provided by the invention have the following characteristics:
(1) according to the solar cell backboard prepared by the invention, the fluoropolymer on the inner and outer surfaces is the polycondensate obtained by esterifying purified terephthalic acid and hexafluoropentylene glycol, so that the PET film has good insulating property, mechanical strength and water vapor barrier property, and the fluoropolymer material has weather resistance, self-cleaning property (pollution resistance), corrosion resistance (salt resistance, acid rain resistance), washing resistance, water vapor barrier property, non-adhesion property and the like;
(2) according to the solar cell back plate prepared by the invention, the core layer material is the ethylene-butadiene-styrene triblock copolymer composition with good mechanical property, strong ultraviolet aging resistance and strong bonding property with the adhesive layer, so that the whole back plate has good mechanical property and ultraviolet aging resistance;
(3) the solar cell back plate designed by the invention is simple to manufacture, easy to operate, low in requirement on equipment and low in cost.
For further understanding of the present invention, the following embodiments are provided to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention in detail, and the scope of the present invention is not limited by the following embodiments.
Other additives used in the following examples of the invention were obtained from Shanghai spring Xin import & export trade company, Inc.
Example 1
The preparation method of the fluorine-containing polymer comprises the following steps: adding 100g of purified terephthalic acid and 140g of hexafluoropentanediol into a polymerization reaction kettle, sealing, carrying out reflux reaction at 270 ℃ for 2 hours to carry out esterification reaction, adding a catalyst of antimony trioxide after the esterification reaction, reducing the pressure to below 180Pa, carrying out polycondensation reaction at 250 ℃ for 4 hours, then carrying out coagulation on the product in deionized water, and drying in a vacuum drying oven at 60 ℃ for 12 hours to obtain the fluorine-containing polymer.
The first composition forming the core layer consists of the following components in parts by weight: 70 parts of ethylene-butadiene-styrene triblock copolymer, 20 parts of silicon dioxide, 3 parts of coupling agent KH570 and 0.5 part of antioxidant 1010.
The preparation method of the weather-resistant solar cell back plate comprises the following steps:
preparation of a base film: respectively melt-extruding the fluorine-containing polymer, the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer and the first composition in an extruder at 250 ℃, and respectively obtaining a weather-resistant film with the thickness of 30 microns, an adhesive film and a core film through calendering by a coat hanger type T-die, a chrome-plated calendering roller, a drying roller and the like;
film lamination: performing corona discharge on the core film for 20 times, laminating adhesive film on the upper and lower surfaces of the ethylene-butadiene-styrene triblock copolymer composition film by using an EXCELAM-PLUS655RM laminator of GMP company at 120 ℃, performing reciprocating operation for three times, and cooling to room temperature to obtain a composite film; and performing corona discharge on the obtained composite film for 16 times, laminating weather-resistant films on the upper surface and the lower surface of the composite film through a laminating machine layer at 110 ℃, repeating the operation for five times, curing for 16 minutes at 60 ℃, and then curing for more than 20 hours at room temperature to obtain the weather-resistant solar cell back plate.
Example 2
The preparation method of the fluorine-containing polymer comprises the following steps: adding 100g of purified terephthalic acid and 130g of hexafluoropentanediol into a polymerization reaction kettle, sealing, carrying out reflux reaction at 280 ℃ for 2.5 hours to carry out esterification reaction, adding catalyst antimony acetate after the esterification reaction, reducing the pressure to below 180Pa, carrying out polycondensation reaction at 260 ℃ for 5 hours, then carrying out coagulation on the product in deionized water, and drying in a vacuum drying oven at 65 ℃ for 15 hours to obtain the fluorine-containing polymer.
The first composition forming the core layer consists of the following components in parts by weight: 72 parts of ethylene-butadiene-styrene triblock copolymer, 23 parts of silicon dioxide, 4 parts of coupling agent KH550 and 0.7 part of antioxidant 300.
The preparation method of the weather-resistant solar cell back plate comprises the following steps:
preparation of a base film: respectively melt-extruding the fluorine-containing polymer, the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer and the first composition in an extruder at 240 ℃, and respectively obtaining a weather-resistant film with the thickness of 35 microns, an adhesive film and a core film through calendering by a coat hanger type T-die, a chrome-plated calendering roller, a drying roller and the like;
film lamination: corona discharge on the core film for 16 times, laminating adhesive film on the upper and lower surfaces of the ethylene-butadiene-styrene triblock copolymer composition film by using an EXCELAM-PLUS655RM laminator of GMP company at 110 ℃, performing reciprocating operation for three times, and cooling to room temperature to obtain a composite film; and after carrying out corona discharge on the obtained composite film for 18 times, laminating weather-resistant films on the upper surface and the lower surface of the composite film through a laminating machine layer at 105 ℃, repeating the operation for five times, hardening for 20 minutes at 70 ℃, and then hardening for more than 20 hours at room temperature to obtain the weather-resistant solar cell back plate.
Example 3
The preparation method of the fluorine-containing polymer comprises the following steps: adding 100g of purified terephthalic acid and 120g of hexafluoropentanediol into a polymerization reaction kettle, sealing, carrying out reflux reaction at 290 ℃ for 2.4 hours to carry out esterification reaction, adding a catalyst of ethylene glycol antimony after the esterification reaction, reducing the pressure to below 180Pa, carrying out polycondensation reaction at 255 ℃ for 4.5 hours, then carrying out coagulation on a product in deionized water, and drying in a vacuum drying oven at 70 ℃ for 18 hours to obtain the fluorine-containing polymer.
The first composition forming the core layer consists of the following components in parts by weight: 75 parts of ethylene-butadiene-styrene triblock copolymer, 25 parts of silicon dioxide, 4 parts of coupling agent KH560 and 0.8 part of antioxidant 1010.
The preparation method of the weather-resistant solar cell back plate comprises the following steps:
preparation of a base film: respectively melting and extruding the fluorine-containing polymer, the epoxy resin and the first composition in an extruder at 220 ℃, and respectively obtaining a weather-resistant film with the thickness of 40 microns, an adhesive film and a core film through calendering by a clothes-hanger type T-die, a chrome-plated calendering roller, a drying roller and the like;
film lamination: corona-discharging on the core film for 17 times, laminating adhesive film on the upper and lower surfaces of the ethylene-butadiene-styrene triblock copolymer composition film by using an EXCELAM-PLUS655RM laminator of GMP company at 110 deg.C, repeating the operation for three times, and cooling to room temperature to obtain a composite film; and after carrying out corona discharge on the obtained composite film for 18 times, laminating weather-resistant films on the upper surface and the lower surface of the composite film through a laminating machine layer at 115 ℃, repeating the operation for five times, hardening for 16 minutes at 75 ℃, and then hardening for more than 20 hours at room temperature to obtain the weather-resistant solar cell back plate.
Example 4
The preparation method of the fluorine-containing polymer comprises the following steps: adding 100g of purified terephthalic acid and 110g of hexafluoropentanediol into a polymerization reaction kettle, sealing, carrying out reflux reaction at 280 ℃ for 3 hours to carry out esterification reaction, adding catalyst antimony acetate after the esterification reaction, reducing the pressure to below 180Pa, carrying out polycondensation reaction at 260 ℃ for 6 hours, then carrying out coagulation on the product in deionized water, and drying in a vacuum drying oven at 70 ℃ for 20 hours to obtain the fluorine-containing polymer.
The first composition forming the core layer consists of the following components in parts by weight: 77 parts of ethylene-butadiene-styrene triblock copolymer, 27 parts of silicon dioxide, 5 parts of coupling agent KH171 and 1 part of antioxidant 300.
The preparation method of the weather-resistant solar cell back plate comprises the following steps:
preparation of a base film: respectively melting and extruding the fluorine-containing polymer, the epoxy resin and the first composition in an extruder at 240 ℃, and respectively obtaining a weather-resistant film with the thickness of 35 microns, an adhesive film and a core film through calendering by a clothes-hanger type T-die, a chrome-plated calendering roller, a drying roller and the like;
film lamination: corona-discharging on the core film for 19 times, laminating adhesive film on the upper and lower surfaces of the ethylene-butadiene-styrene triblock copolymer composition film by using an EXCELAM-PLUS655RM laminator of GMP company at 110 deg.C, repeating the operation for three times, and cooling to room temperature to obtain a composite film; and after performing corona discharge on the obtained composite film for 15 times, laminating weather-resistant films on the upper and lower surfaces of the composite film through a laminating machine layer at 110 ℃, repeating the operation for five times, curing for 19 minutes at 65 ℃, and then curing for more than 20 hours at room temperature to obtain the weather-resistant solar cell back plate.
Example 5
The preparation method of the fluorine-containing polymer comprises the following steps: adding 100g of purified terephthalic acid and 135g of hexafluoropentanediol into a polymerization reaction kettle, sealing, carrying out reflux reaction at 300 ℃ for 3 hours to carry out esterification reaction, adding a catalyst of antimony trioxide after the esterification reaction, reducing the pressure to below 180Pa, carrying out polycondensation reaction at 270 ℃ for 7 hours, then carrying out coagulation on the product in deionized water, and drying in a vacuum drying oven at 80 ℃ for 20 hours to obtain the fluorine-containing polymer.
The first composition forming the core layer consists of the following components in parts by weight: 80 parts of ethylene-butadiene-styrene triblock copolymer, 30 parts of silicon dioxide, 5 parts of coupling agent KH550 and 1 part of antioxidant 1010.
The preparation method of the weather-resistant solar cell back plate comprises the following steps:
preparation of a base film: respectively melting and extruding the fluorine-containing polymer, the epoxy resin and the first composition in an extruder at 250 ℃, and respectively obtaining a weather-resistant film with the thickness of 30 microns, an adhesive film and a core film through calendering by a clothes-hanger type T-die, a chrome-plated calendering roller, a drying roller and the like;
film lamination: corona-discharging on the core film for 17 times, laminating adhesive film on the upper and lower surfaces of the ethylene-butadiene-styrene triblock copolymer composition film by using an EXCELAM-PLUS655RM laminator of GMP company at 120 deg.C, repeating the operation for three times, and cooling to room temperature to obtain a composite film; and after carrying out corona discharge on the obtained composite film for 18 times, laminating weather-resistant films on the upper surface and the lower surface of the composite film through a laminating machine layer at 120 ℃, repeating the operation for five times, hardening for 17 minutes at 80 ℃, and then hardening for more than 20 hours at room temperature to obtain the weather-resistant solar cell back plate.
The results of the performance tests of the examples of the present invention are shown in Table 1. currently, the surface tension of the American products on the market is 40mN/cm, the bonding strength between films is 20-40N/10mm, the weather resistance is 1300 hours (85 ℃ C. × 85% RH), the insulation performance is 50-70KV/mm, and the water vapor transmission rate is 4.3g/m2D. As can be seen from the following table, the invention is superior to the similar products abroad in various indexes.
Table 1 example solar back sheet film performance test results
Figure GDA0001802613520000091
The foregoing shows and describes the general principles, essential features, and advantages of the invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed.

Claims (2)

1. A weatherable solar cell backsheet, comprising in order: the first weather-resistant layer, the first adhesive layer, the core layer, the second adhesive layer and the second weather-resistant layer;
the first weather-resistant layer and the second weather-resistant layer are respectively and independently formed by a fluorine-containing polymer, and the fluorine-containing polymer is prepared by esterification and polycondensation reaction of terephthalic acid and hexafluoropentanediol;
the first adhesive layer and the second adhesive are respectively and independently formed by ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer adhesive or epoxy resin adhesive;
the core layer is formed from a first composition comprising: 70-80 parts by weight of ethylene-butadiene-styrene triblock copolymer, 20-30 parts by weight of silicon dioxide, 3-5 parts by weight of coupling agent and 0.5-1 part by weight of antioxidant,
the fluoropolymer is prepared according to the following method: adding terephthalic acid and hexafluoropentanediol into a polymerization reaction kettle, sealing, carrying out reflux reaction at the temperature of 270-300 ℃ for 2-3 hours for esterification reaction, then adding a catalyst, reducing the pressure to below 180Pa, carrying out polycondensation reaction at the temperature of 250-270 ℃ for 4-8 hours, carrying out coagulation and drying to obtain the fluorine-containing polymer,
the catalyst is antimony trioxide, antimony acetate or ethylene glycol antimony,
the mass ratio of the terephthalic acid to the hexafluoropentanediol is 1 (1-1.5),
the coupling agent is selected from one or more of KH570 type coupling agent, KH550 type coupling agent, KH560 type coupling agent, KH151 type coupling agent and KH171 type coupling agent,
the antioxidant is antioxidant 1010 or antioxidant 300.
2. A preparation method of a weather-resistant solar cell backboard is characterized by comprising the following steps:
carrying out esterification polycondensation reaction on terephthalic acid and hexafluoropentanediol to obtain a first fluorine-containing polymer, and carrying out melt extrusion, cooling solidification and roll calendering on the fluorine-containing polymer at the temperature of 220-250 ℃ to obtain a first weather-resistant film;
carrying out esterification polycondensation reaction on terephthalic acid and hexafluoropentanediol to obtain a second fluorine-containing polymer, and carrying out melt extrusion, cooling solidification and roll calendering on the fluorine-containing polymer at the temperature of 220-250 ℃ to obtain a second weather-resistant film;
the method comprises the following steps of respectively and independently carrying out melt extrusion, cooling solidification and roller calendering on a first adhesive, a second adhesive and a first composition at the temperature of 220-250 ℃, thus obtaining a first adhesive film, a second adhesive film and a core film, wherein the first adhesive and the second adhesive are respectively and independently an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer adhesive or an epoxy resin adhesive, and the first composition comprises: 70-80 parts by weight of ethylene-butadiene-styrene triblock copolymer, 20-30 parts by weight of silicon dioxide, 3-5 parts by weight of coupling agent and 0.5-1 part by weight of antioxidant;
corona discharge is carried out on the core film, then the first adhesive film and the second adhesive film are laminated on the upper surface and the lower surface of the core film, pressing is carried out, and a composite film is obtained after cooling;
corona discharge is carried out on the composite film, the first weather-resistant film and the second weather-resistant film are laminated on the upper surface and the lower surface of the composite film, the weather-resistant solar cell backboard is obtained after pressing and hardening treatment,
the first fluoropolymer is prepared according to the following process:
adding terephthalic acid and hexafluoropentanediol into a polymerization reaction kettle, sealing, carrying out reflux reaction at the temperature of 270-300 ℃ for 2-3 hours for esterification reaction, then adding a catalyst, reducing the pressure to below 180Pa, carrying out polycondensation reaction at the temperature of 250-270 ℃ for 4-8 hours, carrying out coagulation and drying to obtain a first fluorine-containing polymer, wherein the catalyst is antimony trioxide, antimony acetate or ethylene glycol antimony,
the hardening treatment comprises the following steps: hardening at 60-80 deg.C for 16-25 min, and then at room temperature for more than 20 hr.
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