CN107356725A - Plug-in type original position soil leaching solution collection device - Google Patents

Plug-in type original position soil leaching solution collection device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107356725A
CN107356725A CN201710667724.5A CN201710667724A CN107356725A CN 107356725 A CN107356725 A CN 107356725A CN 201710667724 A CN201710667724 A CN 201710667724A CN 107356725 A CN107356725 A CN 107356725A
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Prior art keywords
negative pressure
filtrate
plug
original position
pipe
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Pending
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CN201710667724.5A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
张贵龙
李洁
赖欣
杨殿林
赵建宁
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Agro Environmental Protection Institute Ministry of Agriculture
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Agro Environmental Protection Institute Ministry of Agriculture
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Priority to CN201710667724.5A priority Critical patent/CN107356725A/en
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N33/00Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
    • G01N33/24Earth materials
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N1/00Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
    • G01N1/02Devices for withdrawing samples
    • G01N1/10Devices for withdrawing samples in the liquid or fluent state
    • G01N1/14Suction devices, e.g. pumps; Ejector devices
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N33/00Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
    • G01N33/24Earth materials
    • G01N33/245Earth materials for agricultural purposes
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N1/00Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
    • G01N1/02Devices for withdrawing samples
    • G01N1/10Devices for withdrawing samples in the liquid or fluent state
    • G01N1/14Suction devices, e.g. pumps; Ejector devices
    • G01N2001/1418Depression, aspiration

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of plug-in type original position soil leaching solution collection device, belongs to agricultural soil measuring study technical field, it is intended to solves the drawbacks of traditional leaching earth pillar preferentially flows.The device includes filtrate collector unit, negative pressure sampling unit and cleaning unit, filtrate collector unit includes the filtrate collection below filter layer and filter layer, filtrate collection includes housing and connected respectively with negative pressure sampling unit and cleaning unit positioned at the filtrate collection chamber of outer inframe, filtrate collection chamber;Cleaning unit includes negative pressure pump and flush pipe, negative pressure pump connects filtrate collection chamber by flush pipe, negative pressure sampling unit includes negative pressure sampling pump, outlet pipe and sampling bottle, outlet pipe one end connection filtrate collection chamber, and the other end is connected by three-way pipe with negative pressure sampling pump, sampling bottle.Present apparatus install convenient, it is easy to operate, the influence of traditional leaching earth pillar " preferential stream " can be avoided;The setting of cleaning unit, water outlet blockage when preventing sampling, extends the service life of the device.

Description

Plug-in type original position soil leaching solution collection device
Technical field
The present invention relates to agricultural soil measuring study technical field, and in particular to be a kind of plug-in type original position soil leaching Liquor collecting device.
Background technology
The soil liquid is the general name of soil moisture and its contained solute, mainly comprising inorganic ions, organic ion and poly- Close ion and their salt.The soil liquid concentrated expression composition and its living features of soil constituent, also reflects season Section property dynamic and agricultural situation.The soil liquid is in close contact with solid fraction, and keeps dynamic balance state with solid phase surface, its Composition is varied from active with the change of external environment, can directly influence growing for crop and edaphon, Effective utilization of soil fertility can be also influenceed, and then influences crop growth.
As chemical pollutant multipath enters soil system, chemical fertilizer, agricultural chemicals are such as largely applied, industrial wastewater is constantly attacked Farmland and the accidental release of hazardous contaminant;Solid waste, particularly poisonous, hazardous solid waste landfill are drawn Hazardous material situations are played, causes soil seriously to pollute, causes the pollution of area source of farmland chemical fertilizer and a large amount of farmland chemical fertilizer Loss waste;Cause secondary pollution to underground water and surface water simultaneously, pollutant by drinking water or can pass through soil-plant System, enter human body via food chain, directly jeopardize human health.
Therefore, the soil liquid is collected, its composition is studied, can obtained under soil liquid difference existence form Composition forms and pollution condition, is convenient for the deep layer study mechanism of pollution of area source, and instructs agricultural irrigation and draining, promotees Enter crops preferably to grow, economize on resources simultaneously.
Traditional soil liquid collecting device generally includes the leaching earth pillar and outsourcing cylinder of different height, when there is moisture stream Fashionable, moisture preferentially can quickly flow out from the soil body and cylinder intersection, cause the collection of leaching higher, and for collecting leaching During the leaching disk long-term use of filtrate, the soil being lost in from soil is accumulated, easily blocks collecting pipe, adds the soil liquid The difficulty of collecting device in use, and be collected into the soil liquid and differ larger with the truth of field soil.
The content of the invention
In order to solve the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of plug-in type original position soil leachate and collects dress Put.
In order to realize foregoing invention purpose, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is as follows,
A kind of plug-in type original position soil leaching solution collection device is designed, including the filtrate collector unit of unitary design, negative pressure are adopted Sample unit and cleaning unit, the filtrate collector unit includes filter layer and the filtrate collection below filter layer, described Filtrate collection includes housing and positioned at the filtrate collection chamber of outer inframe, the filtrate collection chamber respectively with negative pressure sampling unit and Cleaning unit connects;The cleaning unit includes negative pressure pump and flush pipe, and the negative pressure pump connects the filtrate by flush pipe Collecting chamber, the negative pressure sampling unit include negative pressure sampling pump, outlet pipe and sampling bottle, and outlet pipe one end connection filtrate is received Collect chamber, the other end is connected by three-way pipe with negative pressure sampling pump, sampling bottle.
Preferably, the width of the filtrate collector unit is 15~20cm.
Preferably, the filter layer be sequentially provided with from top to down double medium filtration gauze, quartz sand layer, filtering nylon grid and Porous stainless steel plate.
Preferably, the filtrate collection chamber includes the company of collecting chamber I, collecting chamber II and conducting collecting chamber I and collecting chamber II Siphunculus.
It may further be preferable that the collecting chamber I is in funnel-form, the II trapezoidal shape of collecting chamber.
Preferably, the flush pipe, outlet pipe connect through housing with collecting chamber II, and the connectivity part is provided with sealing valve.
Preferably, the housing material is hdpe pipe and sheet material.
Compared with prior art, advantageous effects of the invention are mainly reflected in:
1. compared with traditional stainless steel earth pillar type leaching liquor collecting device and PVC material original position leaching liquor collecting device, this Device does not set earth pillar, and positioning formula collects the soil eluviation liquid under certain altitude, more meets movement law of the moisture in soil, shows Work reduces the error that preferential stream is brought, and makes the collection of leaching liquor more accurate.
2. collect the filter layer of leaching liquor in soil uses unitary design, install convenient, operation letter with filtrate collection Just and cost is low, favorable reproducibility;Using multiple layers of filters, the leaching liquor in soil is filtered, prevents silt from entering filtrate In collector, the blocking of outlet pipe is caused;Collecting chamber I is in funnel-form, above trapezoidal collecting chamber II, is easy to collect soil Leachate in earth, filtrate collection efficiency is significantly improved, meanwhile, had to a certain extent in funnelform collecting chamber I Filter acts on, and makes the soil leaching liquid impurity of collection less, as a result more accurate.
3. plug-in type original position soil leaching solution collection device provided by the invention is provided with cleaning unit, can regularly remove The soil flowed into filtrate collection with leachate, extend the service life of the device.
4. rinse, to reduce influence of the cleaning fluid to soil leaching liquid in filtrate collection, cleaning is used as using distilled water Liquid, it is pumped into by negative pressure in filtrate collection, filtrate collection is cleaned, and is inhaled cleaning fluid by negative pressure sampling pump Go out;Using the collecting work of negative pressure sampling unit completion soil leaching liquid and the discharge work to cleaning fluid, simplify soil leaching Liquor collecting device.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the overall structure diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the comparative simulation experiment effect figure of three kinds of different soils leaching liquor collecting devices.
Wherein, 1. double medium filtration gauze, 2. quartz sand layers, 3. filtering nylon grid, 4. porous stainless steel plates, 5. housings, 6. collecting chamber I, 7. communicating pipes, 8. collecting chambers II, 9. sealing valves, 10. flush pipes, 11. negative pressure pumps, 12. negative pressure sampling pump, 13. Three-way pipe, 14. sampling bottles, 15. outlet pipes.
Embodiment
Technical scheme is described in detail with reference to specific embodiment.
A kind of plug-in type original position soil leaching solution collection device as shown in Figure 1, including the filtrate of unitary design are collected Unit, negative pressure sampling unit and cleaning unit, the width of filtrate collector unit are 15cm, filtrate collector unit include filter layer and Filtrate collection below filter layer, the filtrate collection include housing 5 and the filtrate collection chamber in housing 5;Clearly Washing unit includes flush pipe 10 and negative pressure pump 11, and the negative pressure pump 11 connects filtrate collection chamber by flush pipe 10;Negative pressure sampling is single Member includes negative pressure sampling pump 12, sampling bottle 14 and outlet pipe 15, the one end of outlet pipe 15 connection filtrate collection chamber, and the other end passes through three Siphunculus 13 connects with negative pressure sampling pump 12 and sampling bottle 14.
As a preferred embodiment, filter layer be sequentially provided with from top to down double medium filtration gauze 1, quartz sand layer 2, Nylon grid 3 and porous stainless steel plate 4 are filtered, multiple times of filtration is carried out to the leaching liquor in soil, prevents silt from being received into filtrate Collect intracavitary, cause the blocking of outlet pipe 15.
For the ease of collecting soil leaching liquid, collecting chamber I 6 is done into funnel, collecting chamber II 8 is done in echelon, collecting chamber I Turned between 6 and collecting chamber II 8 by communicating pipe 7.
Sealing valve 9 is equipped with the connectivity part of flush pipe 10, outlet pipe 15 and filtrate collection chamber and housing 5.
The material of housing 5 is hdpe pipe and sheet material, firm in structure through hot-melt adhesive paste, resistance to water logging, corrosion-resistant.
During concrete operations, groove is excavated in soil surface, the soil profile of vertical direction is obtained, on the basis of soil profile On, arranged according to horizontal gradient, will respectively apart from the mounting groove that digs out of ground 0.5m, 1.0m, 2.0m depth in soil profile Then the soil body inserts soil leaching liquid collector unit provided by the invention in mounting groove, flush pipe by being highly packed together 10th, outlet pipe 15 is located in groove, will dig out the soil body and is correspondingly filled out back by height, and ensures outlet pipe 15 and the mouth of pipe of flush pipe 10 Elevate above the soil, flush pipe 10 is connected with negative pressure pump 11, and the mouth of pipe of outlet pipe 15 is sampled by three-way pipe 13 and negative pressure and pump 12 and taken Sample bottle 14 connects.
Summer, after irrigation or more than 2mm natural precipitations event occur, filtrate collection work is proceeded by, first week every It is sampled work, and after one week every sampling in 2 days once, until being extracted out without filtrate, being sampled using negative pressure, pump 12 is regular to extract leaching Filtrate measures leaching liquor volume, determines water body mineral nitrogen content, and then analyze topsoil soils Nitrogen Leaching feelings to sampling bottle 14 Condition.After filtrate exhausts, using distilled water as cleaning fluid, it is pressed into by negative pressure pump 11 in filtrate collection, filtrate collection is carried out Cleaning.
After winter irrigates, start within second day filtrate collection work, first week is once a day, to sample the next day after one week, To after drenching without filtrate, once cleaned.After as little as less than 0 DEG C of soil 10cm mean daily temperatures, filtrate collection is no longer carried out. After returning the spring, per day temperature starts filtrate collection work, then increases sampling frequency if any accumulated snow more than 0 DEG C at soil 10cm.
Experiment is compared to soil leaching liquor collecting device provided by the invention, further illustrates the beneficial skill of the present invention Art effect.
Experiment condition:In selected field experiment area, from three kinds of soil leaching liquor collecting devices:Using diameter 15cm, the earth pillar type original position soil leachate measure device A of high 40cm PVC material;Diameter 15cm, high 50cm stainless steel The leaching liquor collecting device B of earth pillar type cylinder containing outsourcing of matter;Soil leaching liquor collecting device C provided by the invention, by each reality Experiment device is embedded at the 50cm of underground respectively, and simulation irrigation water is 5mm, and remaining condition setting is identical, measures tri- kinds of A, B, C respectively The Soil percolation that device is collected, and Fig. 2 is drawn according to simulated experiment result.
As seen from Figure 2, B devices occur mainly in the Collection Events of leachate pour water after in 1-3 days, 20 after pouring water Leachate accumulates collecting amount more than 500ml in it.Because B devices are using height different leaching earth pillar and outsourcing cylinder, cause Moisture preferentially quickly flows out from the soil body and cylinder intersection, and substantial amounts of preferential stream makes leaching measurement higher.A devices are due to original The factor of position-finding, the preferential yield that flows is less, and leachate cumulant is close to 400ml, but leachate is also concentrated on first 3 days and produced It is raw.C device is just gradually collected into leachate after pouring water the 2nd.Because movement of the moisture in soil is influenceed by soil resistance Factor, so actual leaching liquor ooze out often lag behind irrigation or precipitation time.C device test result indicates that using The collection of present apparatus progress soil leaching liquid can significantly avoid the appearance of preferential flow phenomenon, make measurement result actual closer to field State.

Claims (7)

1. a kind of plug-in type original position soil leaching solution collection device, it is characterised in that the filtrate including unitary design is collected single Member, negative pressure sampling unit and cleaning unit, the filtrate collector unit includes filter layer and the filtrate below filter layer is received Storage, the filtrate collection include housing and positioned at the filtrate collection chambers of outer inframe, the filtrate collection chamber respectively with negative pressure Sampling unit connects with cleaning unit;The cleaning unit includes negative pressure pump and flush pipe, and the negative pressure pump is connected by flush pipe Lead to the filtrate collection chamber, the negative pressure sampling unit includes negative pressure sampling pump, outlet pipe and sampling bottle, described outlet pipe one end Filtrate collection chamber is connected, the other end is connected by three-way pipe with negative pressure sampling pump, sampling bottle.
2. plug-in type original position soil leaching solution collection device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the filtrate is collected The width of unit is 15~20cm.
3. plug-in type original position soil leaching solution collection device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the filter layer from Double medium filtration gauze, quartz sand layer, filtering nylon grid and porous stainless steel plate are sequentially provided with above.
4. plug-in type original position soil leaching solution collection device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the filtrate is collected Chamber includes the communicating pipe of collecting chamber I, collecting chamber II and conducting collecting chamber I and collecting chamber II.
5. plug-in type original position soil leaching solution collection device according to claim 4, it is characterised in that the collecting chamber I In funnel-form, the II trapezoidal shape of collecting chamber.
6. plug-in type original position soil leaching solution collection device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the flush pipe, Outlet pipe connects through housing with collecting chamber II, and the connectivity part is provided with sealing valve.
7. plug-in type original position soil leaching solution collection device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the housing material It is hdpe pipe and sheet material.
CN201710667724.5A 2017-08-07 2017-08-07 Plug-in type original position soil leaching solution collection device Pending CN107356725A (en)

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109406217A (en) * 2018-11-20 2019-03-01 河北省农林科学院农业资源环境研究所 A kind of soil eluviation liquid collection system
CN109975510A (en) * 2019-03-13 2019-07-05 中国地质科学院水文地质环境地质研究所 Soil leaching liquor collecting device and collection method
CN110595839A (en) * 2019-10-10 2019-12-20 重庆大学 Liquid sampler with adjustable sampling depth
CN115932210A (en) * 2022-11-15 2023-04-07 中国矿业大学(北京) Mine goaf underground water leaching simulation device and experiment method

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN205786029U (en) * 2016-05-12 2016-12-07 河海大学 A kind of centrifuge shield device of the centrifugal extraction soil liquid
CN206095693U (en) * 2016-08-31 2017-04-12 北京市农业环境监测站 Underground leaching normal position sampling device
CN107014645A (en) * 2017-06-16 2017-08-04 山东农业大学 A kind of soil eluviation thing sleeve pipe collection system based under the conditions of in-situ monitoring
CN207051285U (en) * 2017-08-07 2018-02-27 农业部环境保护科研监测所 Plug-in type original position soil leaching solution collection device

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN205786029U (en) * 2016-05-12 2016-12-07 河海大学 A kind of centrifuge shield device of the centrifugal extraction soil liquid
CN206095693U (en) * 2016-08-31 2017-04-12 北京市农业环境监测站 Underground leaching normal position sampling device
CN107014645A (en) * 2017-06-16 2017-08-04 山东农业大学 A kind of soil eluviation thing sleeve pipe collection system based under the conditions of in-situ monitoring
CN207051285U (en) * 2017-08-07 2018-02-27 农业部环境保护科研监测所 Plug-in type original position soil leaching solution collection device

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109406217A (en) * 2018-11-20 2019-03-01 河北省农林科学院农业资源环境研究所 A kind of soil eluviation liquid collection system
CN109406217B (en) * 2018-11-20 2024-02-13 河北省农林科学院农业资源环境研究所 Soil leaching solution collecting system
CN109975510A (en) * 2019-03-13 2019-07-05 中国地质科学院水文地质环境地质研究所 Soil leaching liquor collecting device and collection method
CN109975510B (en) * 2019-03-13 2023-12-22 中国地质科学院水文地质环境地质研究所 Soil leaching liquid collecting device and collecting method
CN110595839A (en) * 2019-10-10 2019-12-20 重庆大学 Liquid sampler with adjustable sampling depth
CN115932210A (en) * 2022-11-15 2023-04-07 中国矿业大学(北京) Mine goaf underground water leaching simulation device and experiment method
CN115932210B (en) * 2022-11-15 2023-08-18 中国矿业大学(北京) Underground water leaching simulation device and experimental method for mine goaf

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