CN107353169A - A kind of preparation method of straw biomass charcoal bundled slow-releasing fertilizer - Google Patents

A kind of preparation method of straw biomass charcoal bundled slow-releasing fertilizer Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107353169A
CN107353169A CN201710540337.5A CN201710540337A CN107353169A CN 107353169 A CN107353169 A CN 107353169A CN 201710540337 A CN201710540337 A CN 201710540337A CN 107353169 A CN107353169 A CN 107353169A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
straw
preparation
soil
biomass charcoal
releasing fertilizer
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN201710540337.5A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
刘文成
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ANHUI HUALIAN FERTILIZER INDUSTRY Co Ltd
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ANHUI HUALIAN FERTILIZER INDUSTRY Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201710540337.5A priority Critical patent/CN107353169A/en
Publication of CN107353169A publication Critical patent/CN107353169A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
    • C05G3/90—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity for affecting the nitrification of ammonium compounds or urea in the soil
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05C—NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
    • C05C9/00—Fertilisers containing urea or urea compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
    • C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
    • C05G5/10—Solid or semi-solid fertilisers, e.g. powders
    • C05G5/12—Granules or flakes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
    • C05G5/30—Layered or coated, e.g. dust-preventing coatings
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
    • Y02A40/22—Improving land use; Improving water use or availability; Controlling erosion
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
    • Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
    • Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Fertilizers (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of preparation method of straw biomass charcoal bundled slow-releasing fertilizer, a small amount of sludge is added in the present invention in stalk, with the rise of temperature, escaping gas effusion in sludge, corrasion can be played, form the activated carbon of loose structure, increase straw charcoal specific surface area, plot ratio, improve the physical absorption performance of carbon material, the OH of carbon surface made from another aspect, CHO functional groups improve a lot, when preparing slow release fertilizer as membrane material, surface after a certain time is deposited in soil to form carbonyl by part mild oxidation, phenolic group etc., this contributes to the cation exchange capacity (CEC) for increasing soil, to NH4 +And NO3 ‑With stronger characterization of adsorption, so as to withhold the nitrogen in soil, the volatilization for effectively reducing agricultural land soil ammonia and the leaching drip for controlling Soil Nitrogen nutrient are lost in.

Description

A kind of preparation method of straw biomass charcoal bundled slow-releasing fertilizer
Technical field
The present invention relates to natural plant fibre technical field of comprehensive utilization, and in particular to a kind of straw biomass charcoal parcel is slow The preparation method of release fertilizer.
Background technology
Compared with conventional fertilizers, coating slow-release or control-release fertilizer can effectively mitigate the loss of soil nitrogen nutrient.It is but most of at present Coated fertilizer is high molecular polymer, and difficult degradation is easily accumulated, and long-term use is highly vulnerable to breakage soil texture.Therefore new delay is sought Coated fertilizer is released, prepares the focus that environment-friendly type slow release fertilizer is the current area research.
Agricultural crop straw be it is left after seed harvest under the very high crop residues of fibre-bearing composition, including Cereal, The stalk of the various crop such as beans, potato class, oil Class, crudefiber crop and cotton, sugarcane, tobacco, melon and fruit.The stalk resource in China Very abundant, only important crop material just has nearly 20 kinds at present, and yield is huge.Except containing substantial amounts of in agricultural crop straw Outside carbon, also containing the elements such as potassium, silicon, nitrogen, calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, and cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin, protein and amino Acid etc..
Biomass carbon has the pore structure of height, can increase soil porosity and enhancing retention capacity of soil, reduce Soil bulk density, favourable plant root growth；Simultaneously containing the nutrient needed for a large amount of plants, promote soil nutrient circulation And plant growth；Also there is higher biological stability, the ability of stronger resistance microorganism decomposition, soil can be strengthened Carbon solidification effect, reduce release of the carbon to air., can not only if preparing coated slow releasing fertilizer using biomass carbon as membrane material Slow down fertilizer nutrient rate of release, improve utilization rate of fertilizer, and good ecological environment benefit can be brought.
The content of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of preparation method of straw biomass charcoal bundled slow-releasing fertilizer, can effectively solve stalk processing Disposal difficulties and sustained release material contamination problem, have the advantages such as economical rationality, simple to operate, environmental protection and energy saving.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions：
A kind of preparation method of straw biomass charcoal bundled slow-releasing fertilizer, including step in detail below：
（1）Pretreatment：
By the length of 20-30 parts by weight well cuttings 1-3cm agricultural crop straw be placed in 2wt% NaOH solution soak 2-3 it is small When, then take out and be washed with distilled water to neutrality, remove the wax on stalk surface and the impurity of other attachments, be placed in 70-85 DEG C Baking oven in dry, pulverize and cross 100 mesh sieves, be stored in drier, it is standby；
（2）3-9 part sludge is placed under natural conditions after air-drying, moves in baking oven, constant weight is dried at a temperature of 85-100 DEG C, The particle that particle diameter is 1-3mm is ground, it is standby；
（3）Carbonization treatment：
Above-mentioned pretreated agricultural crop straw and step will be passed through（2）Mud granule is well mixed, and is put into tube furnace and is carbonized, Carrier gas is passed through, through spinner flowmeter adjusting gas flow, 98-110 DEG C is warming up to 3-6 DEG C/min speed, stops 10-20 points Clock, it is ensured that oxygen drains in tube furnace and biomass is in drying regime, is warming up to afterwards with the 6-10 DEG C/min rate of heat addition 350-400 DEG C, 40-65 minutes are incubated, then with the 8-13 DEG C/min rate of heat addition, are warming up to 500-600 DEG C, at such a temperature 55-80 minutes are stopped, stops heating while carrier gas is continually fed into afterwards, is taken out after natural cooling, product ethanol, distillation Water washs to neutrality repeatedly, is dried at 98-108 DEG C to constant weight, produces biomass carbon；
（4）Parcel processing：
The granular urea for weighing 100-120 part uniform particle sizes is poured into the rotary drum of rotation, is heated to 35-45 DEG C, to granular urea Upper sprinkling 6-12 part binding agents, part biomass carbon obtained above is added in rotary drum, while sprays 1-3 part binding agents, Material is set to roll granulating, it is repeated multiple times, finished until by all biomass carbons parcel, produce product.
Wherein, described agricultural crop straw refers to one or more kinds of in rice straw, wheat stalk, cotton stalk Mixture.
Wherein, described carrier gas refers to the mixed gas of nitrogen and carbon dioxide, and both volume ratios are 3-4:1.
Wherein, described gas flow is 80-100mL/min.
Wherein, described binding agent is the polyvinyl alcohol water solution that concentration is 5.0%.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has advantages below：
（1）The present invention uses the mixed gas of nitrogen and carbon dioxide as carrier gas, under the cryogenic conditions of carbonization treatment, dioxy Change carbon and act mainly as inert gas, the pyrolysis of stalk fibre charcoal account for it is leading, afterwards under the high temperature conditions, CO2Energy and straw Stalk charcoal skeleton reacts, and improves carbonation rate, strengthens the pore structure of stalk carbon surface, increases straw charcoal specific surface area, plot ratio, Improve the physical absorption performance of carbon material.
（2）A small amount of sludge is added in the present invention in stalk, with the rise of temperature, the escaping gas in sludge escapes Go out, corrasion can be played, form the activated carbon of loose structure ,-OH ,-the CHO functional group of carbon surface made from another aspect Improve a lot, when preparing slow release fertilizer as membrane material, surface after a certain time is deposited in soil can be by the slight oxygen in part Change forms carbonyl, phenolic group etc., and this contributes to the cation exchange capacity (CEC) for increasing soil, to NH4 +And NO3 -It is special with stronger absorption Property, so as to withhold the nitrogen in soil, the volatilization for effectively reducing agricultural land soil ammonia and the leaching drip stream for controlling Soil Nitrogen nutrient Lose.
Embodiment
A kind of preparation method of straw biomass charcoal bundled slow-releasing fertilizer, including step in detail below：
（1）Pretreatment：
The length of 30 parts by weight well cuttings is placed in 2wt% NaOH solution in 1-3cm agricultural crop straw and soaks 2 hours, so Take out afterwards and be washed with distilled water to neutrality, remove the wax on stalk surface and the impurity of other attachments, be placed in 85 DEG C of baking oven It dry, pulverize and cross 100 mesh sieves, be stored in drier, it is standby；
（2）9 parts of sludge are placed under natural conditions after air-drying, move in baking oven, be dried to constant weight at a temperature of 85 DEG C, be ground Particle diameter is 1-3mm particle, standby；
（3）Carbonization treatment：
Above-mentioned pretreated agricultural crop straw and step will be passed through（2）Mud granule is well mixed, and is put into tube furnace and is carbonized, Carrier gas is passed through, through spinner flowmeter adjusting gas flow, 100 DEG C is warming up to 3 DEG C/min speed, stops 10 minutes, it is ensured that Oxygen drains in tube furnace and biomass is in drying regime, is warming up to 380 DEG C afterwards with the 6 DEG C/min rate of heat addition, insulation 45 minutes, then with the 8 DEG C/min rate of heat addition, 550 DEG C are warming up to, stops 70 minutes, is persistently leading to afterwards at such a temperature Stop heating while entering carrier gas, taken out after natural cooling, product is washed to neutrality repeatedly with ethanol, distilled water, at 105 DEG C Dry to constant weight, produce biomass carbon；
（4）Parcel processing：
The granular urea for weighing 120 parts of uniform particle sizes is poured into the rotary drum of rotation, is heated to 40 DEG C, to granular urea on spray 7 Part binding agent, part biomass carbon obtained above is added in rotary drum, while sprays 2 parts of binding agents, make material roll into Grain, it is repeated multiple times, finished until by all biomass carbons parcel, produce product.
Wherein, described agricultural crop straw refers to one or more kinds of in rice straw, wheat stalk, cotton stalk Mixture.
Wherein, described carrier gas refers to the mixed gas of nitrogen and carbon dioxide, and both volume ratios are 3:1.
Wherein, described gas flow is 80mL/min.
Wherein, described binding agent is the polyvinyl alcohol water solution that concentration is 5.0%.

Claims (5)

1. a kind of preparation method of straw biomass charcoal bundled slow-releasing fertilizer, it is characterised in that including step in detail below：
（1）Pretreatment：
By the length of 20-30 parts by weight well cuttings 1-3cm agricultural crop straw be placed in 2wt% NaOH solution soak 2-3 it is small When, then take out and be washed with distilled water to neutrality, remove the wax on stalk surface and the impurity of other attachments, be placed in 70-85 DEG C Baking oven in dry, pulverize and cross 100 mesh sieves, be stored in drier, it is standby；
（2）3-9 part sludge is placed under natural conditions after air-drying, moves in baking oven, constant weight is dried at a temperature of 85-100 DEG C, The particle that particle diameter is 1-3mm is ground, it is standby；
（3）Carbonization treatment：
Above-mentioned pretreated agricultural crop straw and step will be passed through（2）Mud granule is well mixed, and is put into tube furnace and is carbonized, Carrier gas is passed through, through spinner flowmeter adjusting gas flow, 98-110 DEG C is warming up to 3-6 DEG C/min speed, stops 10-20 points Clock, it is ensured that oxygen drains in tube furnace and biomass is in drying regime, is warming up to afterwards with the 6-10 DEG C/min rate of heat addition 350-400 DEG C, 40-65 minutes are incubated, then with the 8-13 DEG C/min rate of heat addition, are warming up to 500-600 DEG C, at such a temperature 55-80 minutes are stopped, stops heating while carrier gas is continually fed into afterwards, is taken out after natural cooling, product ethanol, distillation Water washs to neutrality repeatedly, is dried at 98-108 DEG C to constant weight, produces biomass carbon；
（4）Parcel processing：
The granular urea for weighing 100-120 part uniform particle sizes is poured into the rotary drum of rotation, is heated to 35-45 DEG C, to granular urea Upper sprinkling 6-12 part binding agents, part biomass carbon obtained above is added in rotary drum, while sprays 1-3 part binding agents, Material is set to roll granulating, it is repeated multiple times, finished until by all biomass carbons parcel, produce product.
A kind of 2. preparation method of straw biomass charcoal bundled slow-releasing fertilizer according to claims 1, it is characterised in that Described agricultural crop straw refers to one or more kinds of mixtures in rice straw, wheat stalk, cotton stalk.
A kind of 3. preparation method of straw biomass charcoal bundled slow-releasing fertilizer according to claims 1, it is characterised in that Described carrier gas refers to the mixed gas of nitrogen and carbon dioxide, and both volume ratios are 3-4:1.
A kind of 4. preparation method of straw biomass charcoal bundled slow-releasing fertilizer according to claims 1, it is characterised in that Described gas flow is 80-100mL/min.
A kind of 5. preparation method of straw biomass charcoal bundled slow-releasing fertilizer according to claims 1, it is characterised in that Described binding agent is the polyvinyl alcohol water solution that concentration is 5.0%.
CN201710540337.5A 2017-07-05 2017-07-05 A kind of preparation method of straw biomass charcoal bundled slow-releasing fertilizer Pending CN107353169A (en)

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Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108668753A (en) * 2018-05-21 2018-10-19 遵义盛林农业发展有限公司 The cultural method of blueberry
CN110149870A (en) * 2019-06-18 2019-08-23 重庆文理学院 A kind of fertilization method of corn
CN115537207A (en) * 2022-09-15 2022-12-30 城康材料技术有限公司 A kind of novel soil remediation agent and its preparation method and application
CN115634684A (en) * 2022-09-07 2023-01-24 浙江科技学院 Biomass carbon low-temperature SCR catalyst with high specific surface area, preparation method and application
CN119143543A (en) * 2024-11-19 2024-12-17 河南大学三亚研究院 An organic water-soluble fertilizer for controlling sweet potato growth, increasing yield and improving quality and a preparation method thereof
CN119143543B (en) * 2024-11-19 2025-02-14 河南大学三亚研究院 An organic water-soluble fertilizer for controlling sweet potato growth, increasing yield and improving quality and a preparation method thereof

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102442666A (en) * 2011-09-28 2012-05-09 青岛科技大学 Preparation method of biomass medicinal charcoal
CN105037015A (en) * 2015-09-11 2015-11-11 江苏锦宇环境工程有限公司 Preparing method for slow-release fertilizer based on nutshell biomass carbon
CN105693433A (en) * 2014-11-28 2016-06-22 江阴市联业生物科技有限公司 Biomass charcoal-coated slow release fertilizer preparation technology

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102442666A (en) * 2011-09-28 2012-05-09 青岛科技大学 Preparation method of biomass medicinal charcoal
CN105693433A (en) * 2014-11-28 2016-06-22 江阴市联业生物科技有限公司 Biomass charcoal-coated slow release fertilizer preparation technology
CN105037015A (en) * 2015-09-11 2015-11-11 江苏锦宇环境工程有限公司 Preparing method for slow-release fertilizer based on nutshell biomass carbon

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108668753A (en) * 2018-05-21 2018-10-19 遵义盛林农业发展有限公司 The cultural method of blueberry
CN110149870A (en) * 2019-06-18 2019-08-23 重庆文理学院 A kind of fertilization method of corn
CN115634684A (en) * 2022-09-07 2023-01-24 浙江科技学院 Biomass carbon low-temperature SCR catalyst with high specific surface area, preparation method and application
CN115537207A (en) * 2022-09-15 2022-12-30 城康材料技术有限公司 A kind of novel soil remediation agent and its preparation method and application
CN119143543A (en) * 2024-11-19 2024-12-17 河南大学三亚研究院 An organic water-soluble fertilizer for controlling sweet potato growth, increasing yield and improving quality and a preparation method thereof
CN119143543B (en) * 2024-11-19 2025-02-14 河南大学三亚研究院 An organic water-soluble fertilizer for controlling sweet potato growth, increasing yield and improving quality and a preparation method thereof

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Application publication date: 20171117