CN107340416A - A kind of distribution network failure indicator LC tunings are outer to apply signal source - Google Patents
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Abstract
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及一种配电网故障指示器LC调谐外施信号源，属电力配网技术领域。The invention relates to an externally applied signal source for LC tuning of a distribution network fault indicator, belonging to the technical field of electric power distribution network.
背景技术Background technique
配网系统架设范围较广、构造也相对复杂，且同各类电缆线路混杂布局，实际运行中可能出现各种故障问题，要想维护配网的安全、持续运转，就必须掌握配网故障快速定位的技术与方法，同时引入故障指示器，及时定位并解除故障，避免故障对配网系统造成安全威胁，以此来支持与维护配网的安全、高效运行。指示器负责收集电流、电压信息，从而定位并指示故障，并负责输出相关的故障信息。实际的电压采集过程为：依托于空间电场电位梯度进行电压采集，电磁感应来收集电流，凭借分析电压、电流的变化规律等来对故障做出科学的判断与识别。当发现短路故障，则要主动发出动作，同时做下标识，相应的故障信号则能够凭借通讯系统传输至主站。但由于设备厂家产品质量参差不齐，造成故障指示器对单相接地故障检测的准确率总体不高，究其原因主要是由于常规检测原理移植到配电网线路后均有一定的局限性，因此通过对行业内多种常用判据进行分析比较，得出外施加信号检测接地故障准确率最高的结论。The distribution network system has a wide range of erection, relatively complex structure, and mixed layout with various types of cables. Various faults may occur in actual operation. The technology and method of positioning, and the introduction of fault indicators at the same time, timely locate and remove faults, and avoid faults causing security threats to the distribution network system, so as to support and maintain the safe and efficient operation of the distribution network. The indicator is responsible for collecting current and voltage information, thereby locating and indicating the fault, and is responsible for outputting relevant fault information. The actual voltage acquisition process is: relying on the potential gradient of the space electric field for voltage acquisition, electromagnetic induction to collect current, and relying on the analysis of voltage and current changes to make scientific judgments and identification of faults. When a short-circuit fault is found, it must take the initiative to initiate an action and mark it at the same time, and the corresponding fault signal can be transmitted to the master station by means of the communication system. However, due to the uneven product quality of equipment manufacturers, the accuracy of fault indicators for single-phase ground fault detection is generally not high. The main reason is that the conventional detection principle has certain limitations after being transplanted to distribution network lines. Therefore, through the analysis and comparison of various common criteria in the industry, it is concluded that the accuracy of ground fault detection by externally applied signals is the highest.
配电网外施加信号故障指示器包括两部分组成，外施信号发生源、故障指示器，当检测到接地电流时，外施信号发生源通过投切产生某一频率的特征序列，与之匹配的故障指示器检测到该特征序列后翻牌并闪光，故障信息上传主站，而该线路未检测到故障的故障指示器保持正常运行状态，从而通过故障指示器的状态可以直观的观察配电线路故障区间，便于运维人员减少巡线距离。The signal fault indicator applied outside the distribution network consists of two parts, the source of the externally applied signal and the fault indicator. When the ground current is detected, the source of the externally applied signal generates a characteristic sequence of a certain frequency through switching to match it. The fault indicator of the fault indicator turns over and flashes after detecting the characteristic sequence, and the fault information is uploaded to the master station, while the fault indicator of the line that has not detected a fault remains in the normal operating state, so that the power distribution can be visually observed through the state of the fault indicator The line fault section is convenient for operation and maintenance personnel to reduce the line inspection distance.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的目的是，为了解决故障指示器在使用中存在的问题，本发明提出一种配电网故障指示器LC调谐外施信号源，结合故障指示器，提高故障指示器对配网故障的检测率。The purpose of the present invention is, in order to solve the problems existing in the use of the fault indicator, the present invention proposes a distribution network fault indicator LC tuning externally applied signal source, combined with the fault indicator, to improve the fault indicator’s response to distribution network faults detection rate.
实现本发明的技术方案如下：一种配电网故障指示器LC调谐外施信号源，包括控制系统、并联电容器组、并联电抗器组、串联限流电阻、并联电容器开关、并联电抗器开关和信号序列开关。The technical scheme for realizing the present invention is as follows: a distribution network fault indicator LC tuning externally applied signal source, including a control system, a parallel capacitor bank, a parallel reactor bank, a series current limiting resistor, a parallel capacitor switch, a parallel reactor switch and Signal sequence switch.
所述并联电容器组串联并联电容器开关，并联电抗器组串联并联电抗器开关，并联在信号序列开关上；并联电容器组的另一端与并联电抗器组的另一端并联后连接串联限流电阻后接地；信号序列开关输入端连接配电网三相。The parallel capacitor bank is connected in series with the parallel capacitor switch, the parallel reactor bank is connected in series with the parallel reactor switch, and connected in parallel on the signal sequence switch; the other end of the parallel capacitor bank is connected in parallel with the other end of the parallel reactor bank, and then connected to the series current limiting resistor and grounded ; The input terminal of the signal sequence switch is connected to the three phases of the distribution network.
当外施信号源检测到接地电流后，信号序列开关按照一定频率开始投切，产生一定序列的高低电平；当发生故障时，通过并联电容器开关和并联电抗器开关，调节外加信号源的并联电容器容值、电抗器感抗值，使外施信号阻抗和接地电流限定在一定范围。When the external signal source detects the ground current, the signal sequence switch starts switching according to a certain frequency to generate a certain sequence of high and low levels; when a fault occurs, the parallel connection of the external signal source is adjusted through the parallel capacitor switch and the parallel reactor switch. Capacitance value of capacitor and inductive reactance value of reactor limit the applied signal impedance and grounding current within a certain range.
所述控制系统包括采集单元、计算单元、报警与无线单元和输出控制单元。The control system includes an acquisition unit, a calculation unit, an alarm and wireless unit and an output control unit.
所述采集单元输入端连接配电网互感器，输出端连接计算单元的输入端；计算单元的一个输出端连接报警与无线单元；计算单元的另一个输出端连接输出控制单元；输出控制单元的输出端连接各信号序列开关。The input end of the acquisition unit is connected to the distribution network transformer, and the output end is connected to the input end of the calculation unit; one output end of the calculation unit is connected to the alarm and wireless unit; the other output end of the calculation unit is connected to the output control unit; The output end is connected to each signal sequence switch.
所述采集单元的采样频率10KHZ，采集A、B、C三相电流；控制单元控制开关的开断，并实施检测开关的状态信息。The sampling frequency of the acquisition unit is 10KHZ, and the three-phase currents of A, B, and C are collected; the control unit controls the opening and closing of the switch, and implements detection of the state information of the switch.
所述计算单元将采集的单相电流合成为零序电流，零序电流合成公式为i0＝ia+ib+ic，其中i0为零序电流、ia为A相电流、ib为B相电流、ic为C相电流The calculation unit synthesizes the collected single-phase current into a zero-sequence current, and the zero-sequence current synthesis formula is i 0 =i a +i b +i c , wherein i 0 is the zero-sequence current, i a is the A-phase current, i b is B-phase current, ic is C -phase current
所述报警与无线单元通过无线GPRS将故障类型及故障的数据上传主站；当设备自检出现故障时，通过无线单元上传报警信息至主站，自检信息为检查电阻散热、开关动作是否成功。The alarm and wireless unit uploads the fault type and fault data to the master station through wireless GPRS; when the equipment self-check fails, the alarm information is uploaded to the master station through the wireless unit, and the self-check information is to check whether the resistance heat dissipation and the switching action are successful .
所述外施信号源并联在信号序列开关之后，信号序列开关S1正常状态为闭合，当外施信号源检测到>0.5A后，信号序列开关S1开关按照一定频率开始投切，产生一定序列的高低电平，一个周期的时间为T，其中高电平时间为th，低电平时间为tl。The external signal source is connected in parallel after the signal sequence switch, and the normal state of the signal sequence switch S1 is closed. When the external signal source detects >0.5A, the signal sequence switch S1 switch starts switching at a certain frequency to generate a certain sequence of High and low levels, the time of one cycle is T, where the high level time is th, and the low level time is tl.
所述外施信号阻抗X＝R+jωL+1/jωc，其中R为限流电阻，L为并联电抗器组，C为并联电容器。The applied signal impedance X=R+jωL+1/jωc, wherein R is a current limiting resistor, L is a parallel reactor group, and C is a parallel capacitor.
所述外施信号阻抗的限定范围为[R R+jωL+1/jωc]；所述的限定范围为10-18A。The limited range of the applied signal impedance is [RR+jωL+1/jωc]; the limited range is 10-18A.
本发明的有益效果是，本发明一种配电网故障指示器LC调谐外施信号源，在配电网发生故障时，通过调节并联电容器开关和并联电抗器开关，调节电容器容值、电抗器感抗值，使外施信号阻抗和接地电流限制在一定范围，实现对配网故障的检测。The beneficial effect of the present invention is that, a distribution network fault indicator LC of the present invention tunes the externally applied signal source. When a fault occurs in the distribution network, by adjusting the shunt capacitor switch and the shunt reactor switch, the capacitance value of the capacitor and the reactor can be adjusted. The inductive reactance value limits the applied signal impedance and grounding current to a certain range, and realizes the detection of distribution network faults.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为故障指示器外施信号源装置示意图；Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a fault indicator externally applied signal source device;
图2为故障指示器外施信号源特征序列阻抗调整示意图；Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the impedance adjustment of the characteristic sequence of the externally applied signal source of the fault indicator;
图3为故障指示器外施信号源控制系统结构示意图。Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the control system for the externally applied signal source of the fault indicator.
具体实施方式detailed description
本发明的具体实施方式如图所示。The specific embodiment of the present invention is shown in the figure.
本实施例一种配电网故障指示器LC调谐外施信号源，包括控制系统、并联电容器组C、并联电抗器组L、串联限流电阻R、并联电容器开关SC、并联电抗器开关SL和信号序列开关S1,如图1所示。In this embodiment, a distribution network fault indicator LC tunes an externally applied signal source, including a control system, a parallel capacitor bank C, a parallel reactor bank L, a series current limiting resistor R, a parallel capacitor switch SC, a parallel reactor switch SL and Signal sequence switch S1, as shown in Figure 1.
所述并联电容器组C串联并联电容器开关SC，并联电抗器组L串联并联电抗器开关SL，并联在信号序列开关S1上；并联电容器组C的另一端与并联电抗器组L的另一端并联后连接串联限流电阻R后接地；信号序列开关S1输入端连接配电网三相(A、B、C)。The parallel capacitor bank C is connected in series with the parallel capacitor switch SC, the parallel reactor bank L is connected in series with the parallel reactor switch SL, and is connected in parallel to the signal sequence switch S1; after the other end of the parallel capacitor bank C is connected in parallel with the other end of the parallel reactor bank L Connect the series current limiting resistor R and ground it; the input terminal of the signal sequence switch S1 is connected to the three phases (A, B, C) of the distribution network.
当外施信号源检测到后，信号序列开关S1按照一定频率开始投切，产生一定序列的高低电平；当发生故障时，通过并联电容器开关SC和并联电抗器开关SL，调节外加信号源的并联电容器容值、电抗器感抗值，使外施信号阻抗和接地电流限定在一定范围。When the external signal source is detected, the signal sequence switch S1 starts switching according to a certain frequency to generate a certain sequence of high and low levels; when a fault occurs, the parallel capacitor switch SC and the parallel reactor switch SL are used to adjust the external signal source. The capacitance value of the parallel capacitor and the inductance value of the reactor limit the external signal impedance and grounding current to a certain range.
如图3所示，所述控制系统包括采集单元、计算单元、报警与无线单元和输出控制单元。As shown in Fig. 3, the control system includes an acquisition unit, a calculation unit, an alarm and wireless unit and an output control unit.
所述采集单元输入端连接配电网互感器，输出端连接计算单元的输入端；计算单元的一个输出端连接报警与无线单元；计算单元的另一个输出端连接输出控制单元；输出控制单元的输出端连接各信号序列开关。The input end of the acquisition unit is connected to the distribution network transformer, and the output end is connected to the input end of the calculation unit; one output end of the calculation unit is connected to the alarm and wireless unit; the other output end of the calculation unit is connected to the output control unit; The output end is connected to each signal sequence switch.
如图2所示，故障指示器外施信号源装置并联与线路出线开关之后，信号序列开关S1正常状态为闭合，当外施信号源检测到>0.5A后，信号序列开关S1按照一定频率开始投切，产生一定序列的高低电平，一个周期的时间为T，其中高电平时间为th，低电平时间为tl。As shown in Figure 2, after the external signal source device of the fault indicator is connected in parallel with the line outlet switch, the signal sequence switch S1 is normally closed. When the external signal source detects >0.5A, the signal sequence switch S1 starts at a certain frequency. Switching generates a certain sequence of high and low levels, and the time of one cycle is T, where the high level time is th and the low level time is tl.
外施信号阻抗为：X＝R+jωL+1/jωc，其中R为限流电阻，L为并联电抗器组，C为并联电容器。The applied signal impedance is: X=R+jωL+1/jωc, where R is the current limiting resistor, L is the parallel reactor group, and C is the parallel capacitor.
配电线路阻抗为：X1＝R1+jωL1+1/jωc1，其中R1为线路电阻，L1为线路电感，C1为线路电容。配电线路阻抗一般为容性阻抗。The distribution line impedance is: X1=R1+jωL1+1/jωc1, where R1 is the line resistance, L1 is the line inductance, and C1 is the line capacitance. Distribution line impedance is generally capacitive impedance.
当发生接地故障时，调整外加信号源的并联电抗器组，并联电容器实时调节阻抗值，使接地电流限制在10-18A范围中。通过并联电容器开关SC、并联电抗器开关SL开关，调节电容器容值、电抗器感抗值，从而实现调节外施信号阻抗X的大小，使外施信号阻抗限制在区间在[R R+jωL+1/jωc]。When a ground fault occurs, adjust the shunt reactor group of the external signal source, and adjust the impedance value of the shunt capacitor in real time to limit the ground current to the range of 10-18A. By connecting the capacitor switch SC and the parallel reactor switch SL switch in parallel, the capacitance value of the capacitor and the inductance value of the reactor can be adjusted, so as to realize the adjustment of the impedance X of the externally applied signal, and limit the impedance of the externally applied signal to the interval [R R+jωL+ 1/jωc].
当线路发生单相接地时，外施信号源的并联电抗器开关SL1投入5ms后，开始投切信号序列开关S1，当发生金属接地时，接地阻抗r小于10Ω，根据i＝u/r+X计算，比较大，调整并联电抗器开关SL1-SLn开关，增加电抗；调整并联电容器开关SC1-SCn，减小电容器；同时补偿线路容性阻抗，使在10-18A范围中，不仅减小了，同时降低了对系统的冲击。When single-phase grounding occurs on the line, the shunt reactor switch SL1 of the external signal source is switched on for 5ms, and then the signal sequence switch S1 starts to be switched. When metal grounding occurs, the grounding impedance r is less than 10Ω, according to i=u/r+X Calculate, if it is relatively large, adjust the shunt reactor switch SL1-SLn switch to increase the reactance; adjust the shunt capacitor switch SC1-SCn to reduce the capacitor; at the same time, compensate the line capacitive impedance, so that in the range of 10-18A, not only reduces, At the same time, the impact on the system is reduced.
当发生高阻接地时，接地阻抗r大于600Ω，根据i＝u/r+X计算，比较小，调整并联电抗器开关SL1-SLn，减小电抗，调整并联电容器开关SC1-SCn，增加电容器；调整外加信号源电抗、电容以此补偿线路上感抗或容抗，使得时，阻抗最小，此时接地产生的零序电流最大，从而使零序电流放大，使得检测更加准确，进一步减小外施加信号故障指示器的死区。When high-impedance grounding occurs, the grounding impedance r is greater than 600Ω, calculated according to i=u/r+X, it is relatively small, adjust the shunt reactor switch SL1-SLn, reduce the reactance, adjust the shunt capacitor switch SC1-SCn, and increase the capacitor; Adjust the external signal source reactance and capacitance to compensate the inductive reactance or capacitive reactance on the line, so that When the impedance is the smallest, the zero-sequence current generated by grounding is the largest at this time, so that the zero-sequence current is amplified, making the detection more accurate, and further reducing the dead zone of the externally applied signal fault indicator.
当发生弧光接地时，较大时，调整并联电抗器开关SL1-SLn开关，增加电抗；调整并联电容器开关SC1-SCn，减小电容器；同时补偿线路容性阻抗，使在10-18A范围，持续投切1分钟，故障指示器上传故障信息，并发牌亮光，否则保持正常运行状态。当较小时，调整并联电抗器开关SL1-SLn，减小电抗；调整并联电容器开关SC1-SCn，增大电容器；同时补偿线路容性阻抗，使在10-18A范围，持续投切10分钟，故障指示器上传故障信息，并发牌亮光，否则保持正常运行状态。When the arc is grounded, if it is large, adjust the shunt reactor switch SL1-SLn switch to increase the reactance; adjust the shunt capacitor switch SC1-SCn to reduce the capacitor; at the same time, compensate the line capacitive impedance so that it is in the range of 10-18A, continuous After switching for 1 minute, the fault indicator uploads the fault information, and the card is issued to light up, otherwise it remains in normal operation. When it is small, adjust the shunt reactor switch SL1-SLn to reduce the reactance; adjust the shunt capacitor switch SC1-SCn to increase the capacitor; at the same time, compensate the line capacitive impedance so that in the range of 10-18A, continuous switching for 10 minutes, the failure The indicator uploads the fault information and issues a license to light up, otherwise it remains in normal operation.
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN108427087A (en) * | 2018-02-05 | 2018-08-21 | 国网江西省电力有限公司电力科学研究院 | A kind of Novel fault indicator detection platform |
| CN109521331A (en) * | 2018-12-18 | 2019-03-26 | 国网重庆市电力公司电力科学研究院 | A kind of power distribution network applies the automatization test system of signal generation apparatus outside |
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| CN110658394A (en) * | 2018-06-29 | 2020-01-07 | 北京华峰测控技术股份有限公司 | Multi-station concurrent test method, control station and multi-station concurrent test device |
| CN110780156A (en) * | 2019-11-13 | 2020-02-11 | 国网山西省电力公司电力科学研究院 | Detection system of external signal generation device |
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| CN108427087A (en) * | 2018-02-05 | 2018-08-21 | 国网江西省电力有限公司电力科学研究院 | A kind of Novel fault indicator detection platform |
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| CN110658394B (en) * | 2018-06-29 | 2021-06-25 | 北京华峰测控技术股份有限公司 | Multi-station concurrent test method, control station and multi-station concurrent test device |
| CN109521331A (en) * | 2018-12-18 | 2019-03-26 | 国网重庆市电力公司电力科学研究院 | A kind of power distribution network applies the automatization test system of signal generation apparatus outside |
| CN109521331B (en) * | 2018-12-18 | 2021-01-29 | 国网重庆市电力公司电力科学研究院 | Automatic test system of power distribution network external signal generating device |
| CN110262609A (en) * | 2019-07-01 | 2019-09-20 | 四川英杰电气股份有限公司 | Circuit drives control method, system, power regulating system and device end |
| CN110262609B (en) * | 2019-07-01 | 2020-06-26 | 四川英杰电气股份有限公司 | Circuit driving control method, system, power regulation system and equipment terminal |
| CN110780156A (en) * | 2019-11-13 | 2020-02-11 | 国网山西省电力公司电力科学研究院 | Detection system of external signal generation device |
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