CN107320172A - 一种股骨转子间骨折内侧壁固定装置 - Google Patents

一种股骨转子间骨折内侧壁固定装置 Download PDF

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CN107320172A
CN107320172A CN201710778516.2A CN201710778516A CN107320172A CN 107320172 A CN107320172 A CN 107320172A CN 201710778516 A CN201710778516 A CN 201710778516A CN 107320172 A CN107320172 A CN 107320172A
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李开南
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    • A61B17/58Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
    • A61B17/68Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
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Abstract

本发明涉及医疗器械领域,尤其涉及一种股骨转子间骨折内侧壁固定装置。其技术方案:一种股骨转子间骨折内侧壁固定装置,包括安装于股骨内侧壁的钢板,钢板的表面为与股骨内侧壁贴合的圆弧面,钢板包括用于固定钢板的钢板主体和用于支撑股骨内侧壁的头部支撑结构;钢板主体和头部支撑结构固定,钢板主体上通过螺钉与股骨固定,头部支撑结构通过螺钉与股骨的骨折骨块固定,钢板主体上的螺钉贯通股骨或者穿进股骨。本发明提供了一种保证骨折处对位准确的股骨转子间骨折内侧壁固定装置,解决了股骨愈合时产生短缩或髋内翻的问题。

Description

一种股骨转子间骨折内侧壁固定装置
技术领域
本发明涉及医疗器械领域,尤其涉及一种股骨转子间骨折内侧壁固定装置。
背景技术
股骨转子间骨折又称股骨粗隆间骨折,常常发生于老年人,是临床最常见的髋部骨折之一,国内统计约占髋部骨折的35.7%。随着人口老龄化加剧,老年人口增多,且老年人常合并骨质疏松,在外力作用下较年轻人易发生骨折,髋部骨折的发生率不断增高。因老年人反应能力下降、髋部肌肉保护性差,轻微的损伤即可发生髋部骨折。相关文献报道股骨转子间骨折占髋部骨折比例甚至可达50%。股骨转子间骨折常见于老年人,股骨粗隆部血运丰富,骨折后极少不愈合,治疗方式可选择保守治疗或切开复位内固定治疗。保守治疗常常需要局部制动、卧床休养等,骨折端往往对位欠佳,常常造成如短缩、髋内翻的畸形愈合,严重影响患者生活质量。
股骨小转子及其内侧骨皮质在生物力学上,该处是抗屈曲、抗内翻应力的最主要部位。股骨小转子复位固定,尤其是恢复内侧骨皮质连续性,可以减少髋内翻、钉板断裂、股骨头颈切割及下肢短缩等并发症,股骨小转子及其内侧骨皮质在股骨转子间骨折内固定手术中具有稳定支持作用。目前,在股骨小转子复位固定过程中,将螺钉固定于股骨小转子及其内侧骨皮质和股骨转子外侧壁并用钢丝捆绑。这种固定方式,固定效果不确切,容易产生松动,骨折处容易出现对位不准,造成短缩、髋内翻的畸形愈合。
发明内容
本发明克服了现有技术的不足,提供一种保证骨折处对位准确的股骨转子间骨折内侧壁固定装置,解决了股骨愈合时产生短缩或髋内翻的问题。
为解决上述的技术问题,本发明采用以下技术方案:
一种股骨转子间骨折内侧壁固定装置,包括安装于股骨内侧壁的钢板,钢板的表面为与股骨内侧壁贴合的圆弧面,钢板包括用于固定钢板的钢板主体和用于支撑股骨内侧壁的头部支撑结构;钢板主体和头部支撑结构固定,钢板主体上通过螺钉与股骨固定,头部支撑结构通过螺钉与股骨的骨折骨块固定,钢板主体上的螺钉贯通股骨或者穿进股骨。
作为本发明的优选方案,所述钢板主体的侧面设置有若干孔道,孔道内穿有钢丝,钢丝绑在股骨上。
作为本发明的优选方案,所述钢丝的直径为1.5mm,孔道的直径为2.0mm。
作为本发明的优选方案,所述孔道靠近股骨的一侧设置有用于使钢丝贴合股骨表面的凹槽。
作为本发明的优选方案,所述头部支撑结构上设置有用于保持头部支撑结构稳定的三菱锥形结构。
作为本发明的优选方案,所述头部支撑结构通过螺钉与股骨的骨折骨块固定,头部支撑结构上的螺钉贯通股骨或者穿进股骨。
与现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果是:
1、股骨内侧壁支撑钢板固定较以往常用的拉力螺钉和钢丝固定效果将更加确切。股骨转子能得到钢板的良好支撑,股骨内侧骨皮质的连续性提高,可以减少髋内翻、钉板断裂、股骨头颈切割及下肢短缩等并发症。在股骨愈合过程中,股骨始终与钢板的圆弧面贴合,股骨的骨折处能很好地对接,避免了短缩或髋内翻的畸形愈合。
2、钢丝将钢板和股骨捆绑在一起,进一步提高了钢板的稳定性,保证钢板对股骨的良好支撑。
3、孔道的直径为2.0mm,保证钢丝能穿过的同时,尽量减少孔道对钢板刚度和强度的削弱。
4、凹槽能减小钢板内的钢丝与股骨之间的间距,从而钢丝与股骨之间的稳定性提高,避免钢板与股骨之间发生错位。
5、三菱锥形结构能嵌入内侧皮质骨块,加强钢板的稳定性,加强对骨块支撑,避免骨块移位。
6、在通过三菱锥形结构稳定头部支撑结构的基础上,再通过螺钉使头部支撑结构与股骨的骨折骨块固定,进一步提高头部支撑结构的稳定性,保证股骨骨折处准确对位。
附图说明
图1是螺钉贯穿股骨时本发明的装配图;
图2是螺钉仅穿进股骨时本发明的装配图;
图3是本发明的结构示意图;
图4是本发明的剖视图。
图中,1-钢板,2-钢板主体,3-头部支撑结构,4-孔道,5-钢丝,6-三菱锥形结构。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图,对本发明作详细的说明。
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白,以下结合附图及实施例,对本发明进行进一步详细说明。应当理解,此处所描述的具体实施例仅用以解释本发明,并不用于限定本发明。
具体实施过程
将钢板凹陷的圆弧面紧贴股骨,钢板的钢板主体用螺栓固定于股骨主干,将头部支撑结构用螺栓固定于股骨的转子处。头部支撑结构上的三菱锥形结构插入股骨中,起到稳定作用。将钢丝穿过钢板主体的孔道后,绑在股骨的主干上。其中,钢板主体上的螺钉孔有四个、孔道有两个,两个孔道分别位于从上往下的第二、三个螺钉孔之间和第三、四个螺钉孔之间。头部支撑结构上有三个螺钉孔,三个螺钉孔呈三角形布置。
实施例一
一种股骨转子间骨折内侧壁固定装置,包括安装于股骨内侧壁的钢板1,钢板1的表面形状为与股骨内侧壁贴合的圆弧面,钢板1包括用于固定钢板1的钢板主体2和用于支撑股骨内侧壁的头部支撑结构3;钢板主体2和头部支撑结构3固定,钢板主体2上通过螺钉与股骨固定,钢板主体2上的螺钉贯通股骨或者穿进股骨。
股骨内侧壁支撑钢板1固定,较以往常用的拉力螺钉和钢丝固定效果将更加确切。股骨转子能得到钢1的良好支撑,股骨内侧骨皮质的连续性提高,可以减少髋内翻、钉板断裂、股骨头颈切割及下肢短缩等并发症。在股骨愈合过程中,股骨始终与钢板1的圆弧面贴合,股骨的骨折处能很好地对接,避免了短缩或髋内翻的畸形愈合。
实施例二
在实施例一的基础上,所述钢板主体2的侧面设置有若干孔道4,孔道4内穿有钢丝5,钢丝5绑在股骨上。
钢丝5将钢板1和股骨捆绑在一起,进一步提高了钢板1的稳定性,保证钢板1对股骨的良好支撑。
实施例三
一种股骨转子间骨折内侧壁固定装置,包括安装于股骨内侧壁的钢板1,钢板1的表面形状为与股骨内侧壁贴合的圆弧面,钢板1包括用于固定钢板1的钢板主体2和用于支撑股骨内侧壁的头部支撑结构3;钢板主体2和头部支撑结构3固定,钢板主体2上通过螺钉与股骨固定,钢板主体2上的螺钉贯通股骨或者穿进股骨。股骨内侧壁支撑钢板1固定,较以往常用的拉力螺钉和钢丝固定效果将更加确切。股骨转子能得到钢1的良好支撑,股骨内侧骨皮质的连续性提高,可以减少髋内翻、钉板断裂、股骨头颈切割及下肢短缩等并发症。在股骨愈合过程中,股骨始终与钢板1的圆弧面贴合,股骨的骨折处能很好地对接,避免了短缩或髋内翻的畸形愈合。
所述钢板主体2的侧面设置有若干孔道4,孔道4内穿有钢丝5,钢丝5绑在股骨上。钢丝5将钢板1和股骨捆绑在一起,进一步提高了钢板1的稳定性,保证钢板1对股骨的良好支撑。所述钢丝5的直径为1.5mm,孔道4的直径为2.0mm。孔道的直径为2.0mm,保证钢丝能穿过的同时,尽量减少孔道对钢板刚度和强度的削弱。
实施例四
在上述任意一项实施例的基础上,所述孔道4靠近股骨的一侧设置有用于使钢丝5贴合股骨表面的凹槽。
凹槽能减小钢板1内的钢丝5与股骨之间的间距,从而钢丝5与股骨之间的稳定性提高,避免钢板1与股骨之间发生错位。
实施例五
在上述任意一项实施例的基础上,所述头部支撑结构3上设置有用于保持头部支撑结构3稳定的三菱锥形结构6。
三菱锥形结构6能嵌入内侧皮质骨块,加强钢板1的稳定性,加强对骨块支撑,避免骨块移位。
实施例六
一种股骨转子间骨折内侧壁固定装置,包括安装于股骨内侧壁的钢板1,钢板1的表面形状为与股骨内侧壁贴合的圆弧面,钢板1包括用于固定钢板1的钢板主体2和用于支撑股骨内侧壁的头部支撑结构3;钢板主体2和头部支撑结构3固定,钢板主体2上通过螺钉与股骨固定,钢板主体2上的螺钉贯通股骨或者穿进股骨。股骨内侧壁支撑钢板1固定,较以往常用的拉力螺钉和钢丝固定效果将更加确切。股骨转子能得到钢1的良好支撑,股骨内侧骨皮质的连续性提高,可以减少髋内翻、钉板断裂、股骨头颈切割及下肢短缩等并发症。在股骨愈合过程中,股骨始终与钢板1的圆弧面贴合,股骨的骨折处能很好地对接,避免了短缩或髋内翻的畸形愈合。
所述钢板主体2的侧面设置有若干孔道4,孔道4内穿有钢丝5,钢丝5绑在股骨上。钢丝5将钢板1和股骨捆绑在一起,进一步提高了钢板1的稳定性,保证钢板1对股骨的良好支撑。所述钢丝5的直径为1.5mm,孔道4的直径为2.0mm。孔道的直径为2.0mm,保证钢丝能穿过的同时,尽量减少孔道对钢板刚度和强度的削弱。
所述孔道4靠近股骨的一侧设置有用于使钢丝5贴合股骨表面的凹槽。凹槽能减小钢板1内的钢丝5与股骨之间的间距,从而钢丝5与股骨之间的稳定性提高,避免钢板1与股骨之间发生错位。
所述头部支撑结构3上设置有用于保持头部支撑结构3稳定的三菱锥形结构6。三菱锥形结构6能嵌入内侧皮质骨块,加强钢板1的稳定性,加强对骨块支撑,避免骨块移位。所述头部支撑结构3通过螺钉与股骨的骨折骨块固定,头部支撑结构3上的螺钉贯通股骨或者穿进股骨。在通过三菱锥形结构6稳定头部支撑结构3的基础上,再通过螺钉使头部支撑结构3与股骨的骨折骨块固定,进一步提高头部支撑结构3的稳定性,保证股骨骨折处准确对位。

Claims (6)

1.一种股骨转子间骨折内侧壁固定装置,其特征在于,包括安装于股骨内侧壁的钢板(1),钢板(1)的表面形状为与股骨内侧壁贴合的圆弧面,钢板(1)包括用于固定钢板(1)的钢板主体(2)和用于支撑股骨内侧壁的头部支撑结构(3);钢板主体(2)和头部支撑结构(3)固定,钢板主体(2)上通过螺钉与股骨固定,钢板主体(2)上的螺钉贯通股骨或者穿进股骨。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种股骨转子间骨折内侧壁固定装置,其特征在于,所述钢板主体(2)的侧面设置有若干孔道(4),孔道(4)内穿有钢丝(5),钢丝(5)绑在股骨上。
3.根据权利要求2所述的一种股骨转子间骨折内侧壁固定装置,其特征在于,所述钢丝(5)的直径为1.5mm,孔道(4)的直径为2.0mm。
4.根据权利要求2或3所述的一种股骨转子间骨折内侧壁固定装置,其特征在于,所述孔道(4)靠近股骨的一侧设置有用于使钢丝(5)贴合股骨表面的凹槽。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种股骨转子间骨折内侧壁固定装置,其特征在于,所述头部支撑结构(3)上设置有用于保持头部支撑结构(3)稳定的三菱锥形结构(6)。
6.根据权利要求5所述的一种股骨转子间骨折内侧壁固定装置,其特征在于,所述头部支撑结构(3)通过螺钉与股骨的骨折骨块固定,头部支撑结构(3)上的螺钉贯通股骨或者穿进股骨。
CN201710778516.2A 2017-09-01 2017-09-01 一种股骨转子间骨折内侧壁固定装置 Pending CN107320172A (zh)

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Application publication date: 20171107