CN107319271A - A kind of irradiation-induced degradation method of aquatic products antibiotic - Google Patents
A kind of irradiation-induced degradation method of aquatic products antibiotic Download PDFInfo
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- CN107319271A CN107319271A CN201710700719.XA CN201710700719A CN107319271A CN 107319271 A CN107319271 A CN 107319271A CN 201710700719 A CN201710700719 A CN 201710700719A CN 107319271 A CN107319271 A CN 107319271A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L5/00—Preparation or treatment of foods or foodstuffs, in general; Food or foodstuffs obtained thereby; Materials therefor
- A23L5/30—Physical treatment, e.g. electrical or magnetic means, wave energy or irradiation
- A23L5/36—Physical treatment, e.g. electrical or magnetic means, wave energy or irradiation using irradiation with frequencies of more than 10 MHz
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L17/00—Food-from-the-sea products; Fish products; Fish meal; Fish-egg substitutes; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L17/40—Shell-fish
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L5/00—Preparation or treatment of foods or foodstuffs, in general; Food or foodstuffs obtained thereby; Materials therefor
- A23L5/30—Physical treatment, e.g. electrical or magnetic means, wave energy or irradiation
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Abstract
The invention belongs to irradiation technique field, and in particular to a kind of irradiation-induced degradation method of aquatic products antibiotic, including Co 60 γ radiation treatments and cycle forward and reverse current processing step.The present invention combines cycle forward and reverse current processing on the basis of radiation treatment, is on the one hand that the residual quantity that can make chloramphenicol is down to 0.1 μ g/kg with relatively low radiation absorber amount, chloramphenicol is thoroughly reduced to three-level product；On the other hand, the aquatic products after radiation treatment will not produce aetiolation, and achieve significant progress without influence to the qualities of aquatic products.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to irradiation technique field, and in particular to a kind of irradiation-induced degradation method of aquatic products antibiotic.
Background technology
" clenbuterol hydrochloride event ", " malachite green event ", " many treasured fish events ", " steamed crab carcinogenic events ", every year due to beast
Food safety affair happens occasionally caused by medicine residue problem, to social stability, people's health and international trade all bands
Adverse effect is carried out.Although the strong surveillance and control measure that the current Chinese government takes is residual for the veterinary drug in control animal food
Stay and serve huge positive role, but be difficult to solve agricultural product veterinary drug residue excessive problem from source in a short time.
Chloramphenicol (Chloramphenicol, abbreviation CAP) is broad-spectrum antiseptic class medicine, is usually used in meat animal and aquatic products
The disease prevention and cure of product, but food of the long-term consumption containing chloramphenicol can produce very big toxic side effect to human body.Therefore, chloramphenicol
Residue problem has caused international organization and the in the world great attention of many countries and regions, requirement of the developed country to detection limit
It is more and more stricter.European Union is changed to 1 μ g/kg by 10 original μ g/kg, is then down to 0.1 μ g/kg again, requires to improve than primary standard
100 times；Detection limit as defined in U.S. FDA (Food and Drug Administrat ion) is also changed by 5 original μ g/kg
For 1 μ g/kg, and 0.3 μ g/kg will be reduced to.Therefore, residual chloramphenicol amount has turned into meat animal and aquatic products in international trade
In a focal issue.
Although meat animal and aquatic products residual chloromycetin already turn into a focal issue, lack effectively arranging for solution
Apply.Food irradiation technique is the physics produced using the ionising radiation rays such as gamma-rays, X-ray and electron beam and material effect
Effect, chemical effect and biological effect, reach the chloramphenicol residue in effective degrading animal food.Such as 5 tinkling of pieces of jade are utilized
Cobalt-60γray irradiates bee product, when chloramphenicol concentration is in 50 μ g/kg or so, after the irradiation of 8~10kGy dosage,
Chloramphenicol can be down to below 0.1 μ g/kg, and the quality of product remains to meet the requirements.
Above-mentioned irradiation technique can effectively reduce the residual quantity of chloramphenicol in meat animal and aquatic products, with operation letter
It is single, easy to operate, the advantage suitable for large-scale processing.But, there is also some defects：First, irradiation dose need maintain compared with
High level (8~10kGy) could effectively degrade the residual chloramphenicol in meat animal and aquatic products, and energy consumption is big, and cost is high；Its
Secondary, the radiation of high dose easily causes the Quality Down of meat animal and aquatic products.
Therefore, for above-mentioned technical problem, a kind of new method of radiating of proposition is needed badly.
The content of the invention
The present invention is intended to provide a kind of irradiation-induced degradation method of aquatic products antibiotic, the cycle is being combined just using low dose radiation
Reverse current processing, is that the chloramphenicol in aquatic products can be made to be completely degraded into three-level product with relatively low radiation absorbed dose,
Yellow problem is not present in aquatic products after radiation, simultaneously because low dose irradiation is handled, therefore to the quality of aquatic products without shadow
Ring.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention uses following technical scheme：A kind of irradiation-induced degradation side of aquatic products antibiotic
Method, comprises the following steps：
A) the γ of cobalt -60 radiation treatments：The aquatic products of original packing are subjected to radiation treatment with cobalt-60γray, irradiation absorbs
Dosage is 0.5~2kGy, and the radiation absorber amount uniformity is 1.2~1.4；
B) cycle forward and reverse current processing：Aquatic products after above-mentioned irradiated processing are placed in normal pressure forward dc electric field
Handle after 15~40s, be placed in 5~12s of processing, wherein normal pressure forward current and normal pressure reverse current in the reverse DC electric field of normal pressure
Current density be 100~150A/m2。
Further, the step A) in radiation absorber amount be preferably 1kGy.
Further, the step A) the radiation absorber amount uniformity be 1.2.
Further, the step B) in be preferably disposed in normal pressure forward dc electric field after 20~30s, be placed in normal pressure reverse
6~10s is handled in DC electric field.
Further, the step B) in be preferably disposed in normal pressure forward dc electric field after 23s, be placed in the reverse direct current of normal pressure
8s is handled in electric field.
Further, the step B) in the current density of normal pressure DC Forward Current and normal pressure reverse dc be
120A/m2。
Further, the step A) carry out at normal temperatures.
Further, the antibiotic is chloramphenicol.
Individually need to reach that more than 7kGy can just make the residual of chloramphenicol in peeled shrimp using radiation absorber amount during radiation treatment
Allowance is down to below 0.1 μ g/kg, and the radiation absorber amount less than 7kGy is handled, it is impossible to which meet international standards requirement.But warp
From the point of view of the quality of peeled shrimp investigates result after radiation treatment, after being handled through ＜ 7kGy radiation absorbers amount, the meat of peeled shrimp is partially yellow,
TVB-N content is without obvious rising；When radiation absorber amount reaches 8kGy, peeled shrimp color is unchanged, but is volatilized in peeled shrimp
Property alkali nitrogen content has notable rising, and 28.4mg/100mg is risen to from 22.3.This explanation, high irradiation dose (＞ 8kGy) irradiation
Processing peeled shrimp can significantly reduce the residual quantity of chloramphenicol in peeled shrimp, but it can reduce the freshness of peeled shrimp；And less than 8k Gy
Although irradiation dose irradiation will not reduce the freshness of peeled shrimp, the chloramphenicol in its peeled shrimp that can not effectively degrade, and its
Easily cause peeled shrimp carnification yellow.
For radiation absorber amount it is low can not thorough chloramphenicol degrading, and high radiation absorber amount is easily reduced aquatic products quality
The problem of amount, inventor has found that entering the forward and reverse current processing of line period in the later stage can effectively solve the above problems.In radiation treatment
On the basis of combine cycle forward and reverse current processing after, radiation absorber amount control in the range of 0.5~2kGy, i.e., can make
The residual quantity of chloramphenicol is down to below 0.1 μ g/kg, and the peeled shrimp after irradiation is without aetiolation, and due to having used relatively low spoke
According to absorbed dose of radiation, thus peeled shrimp quality compared with before processing, no significant change.
The present invention has advantages below：
The present invention combines cycle forward and reverse current processing on the basis of radiation treatment, is on the one hand absorbed with relatively low irradiation
Dosage is that the residual quantity that can make chloramphenicol is down to 0.1 μ g/kg, and chloramphenicol is thoroughly reduced to three-level product；On the other hand, spoke
Aetiolation will not be produced according to the aquatic products after processing, and significant progress is achieved without influence on the qualities of aquatic products.
Embodiment
The embodiment of form, further specifically to the above work of the present invention by the following examples
It is bright.But the scope that this should not be interpreted as to above-mentioned theme of the invention is only limitted to following examples.
Embodiment one, a kind of irradiation-induced degradation method of aquatic products antibiotic
A) the γ of cobalt -60 radiation treatments：The aquatic products of original packing are subjected to radiation treatment with cobalt-60γray at normal temperatures,
Radiation absorber amount is 1kGy, and the radiation absorber amount uniformity is 1.2；
B) cycle forward and reverse current processing：Aquatic products after above-mentioned irradiated processing are placed in normal pressure forward dc electric field
Handle after 23s, be placed in the reverse DC electric field of normal pressure and handle 8s, wherein normal pressure forward current and normal pressure reverse current density is
120A/m2。
Embodiment two, a kind of irradiation-induced degradation method of aquatic products antibiotic
The difference of embodiment two and embodiment one is, step A) radiation absorber amount is 2kGy, irradiation evenness is 1.4；
The step B) 30s in normal pressure forward dc electric field is placed in, it is placed in the reverse DC electric field of normal pressure and handles 10s, remaining parameter is such as
Embodiment one.
Embodiment three, a kind of irradiation-induced degradation method of aquatic products antibiotic
The difference of embodiment three and embodiment one is, step A) radiation absorber amount is 0.5kGy, irradiation evenness is
1.2；The step B) 20s in normal pressure forward dc electric field is placed in, it is placed in the reverse DC electric field of normal pressure and handles 6s, remaining parameter
Such as embodiment one.
The influence of chloramphenicol degradation rate and product quality in test example one, different radiation absorbed dose prawns
The influence of chloramphenicol degradation rate in independent radiation treatment prawn is contrasted, and investigates different irradiation during independent radiation treatment
The influence of chloramphenicol degradation rate and product quality in dosage prawn.
1.1 test method：It is that river prawn 2kg is cultivated in 0.1mg/kg aqueous solution 40kg in chloramphenicol concentration, and uses oxygen increasing pump
Air is continuing to supply under water, raises and the close work shrimp of size is taken out after 12h, and the chloramphenicol on 3 removal shrimp surfaces is rinsed with water,
It is heated to shrimp shell to redden, strips peeled shrimp, stir, diagonal sampling often wraps 250g, totally 10 bag, using different irradiation doses
Handled.During processing, the packing case that individual layer peeled shrimp is first will be equipped with during processing rapidly enters process chamber, when close to the irradiation bomb visual field
When, the speed of absorbed dose of radiation requirement is decelerated to, room is quickly gone out after processing, it is ensured that sample is handled at normal temperatures.
Residual chloromycetin in meat and meat products is exported after processing by SN0341-95 with powered muon capture gas chromatograph to examine
Method is measured to chloramphenicol in peeled shrimp, and measurement result is as shown in table 1；According to method as defined in GB/T5009.44 to peeled shrimp
Quality and VBN be measured, measurement result is as shown in table 2.
The influence of chloramphenicol degradation rate in the different radiation absorber amount prawns of table 1
The influence of the different radiation absorber amount prawn qualities of table 2
From table 1,2, when radiation treatment is used alone, radiation absorber amount is that 7kGy or 8kGy can be by peeled shrimp
Residual chloramphenicol is degraded to 0.1 μ g/kg or following, and degradation rate reaches more than 95%, and degradation effect is notable；And the spoke less than 7kGy
According to absorbed dose of radiation processing, it is impossible to which meet international standards requirement., can from the point of view of the quality of peeled shrimp after its radiation treatment investigates result
See, after the irradiation dose processing less than 7kGy, peeled shrimp meat is partially yellow, and deduction is that irradiation dose is relatively low, most of chloramphenicol degradeds
First-order stage is only rested on, and one-level catabolite can cause peeled shrimp meat partially yellow, when irradiation dose reaches 8kGy, peeled shrimp
Meat color without significant change, meanwhile, when irradiation dose reaches 8kGy, TVB-N content has notable rising in peeled shrimp,
18.5mg/100g is risen to from 14.4, and less than 8kGy, TVB-N content is without obvious rising.
This explanation, the irradiation dose radiation treatment peeled shrimp higher than 8kGy can significantly reduce the residual quantity of chloramphenicol in peeled shrimp,
But it can reduce the freshness of peeled shrimp；And the irradiation dose irradiation less than 8kGy will not reduce the freshness of peeled shrimp, but its
The chloramphenicol that can not effectively degrade in chicken, and easily cause peeled shrimp carnification yellow.
The influence of chloramphenicol degradation rate and product quality in test example two, cycle forward and reverse electric current prawn
Investigate influence of the different cycles forward and reverse current processing time to chloramphenicol degradation rate in peeled shrimp.
2.1 test method：It is that river prawn 2kg is cultivated in 0.1mg/kg aqueous solution 40kg in chloramphenicol concentration, and uses oxygen increasing pump
Air is continuing to supply under water, raises and the close work shrimp of size is taken out after 12h, and the chloramphenicol on 3 removal shrimp surfaces is rinsed with water,
It is heated to shrimp shell to redden, strips peeled shrimp, stir, diagonal sampling often wraps 250g, totally 10 bag, according to different normal pressure in table 3
DC Forward Current processing and the combination of normal pressure reverse dc processing time are handled peeled shrimp, investigate it to chlorine in peeled shrimp
The influence of mycin residual quantity and peeled shrimp quality, meat and meat products are exported with powered muon capture gas chromatograph by SN0341-95
The middle residual chloromycetin method of inspection is measured to chloramphenicol in peeled shrimp, and measurement result is as shown in table 3；According to GB/T5009.44
Defined method is measured to the quality and VBN of peeled shrimp, and measurement result is as shown in table 4.
The different normal pressure DC Forward Current processing of table 3 and normal pressure reverse dc processing time are residual to chloramphenicol in peeled shrimp
The influence of allowance
The different normal pressure DC Forward Current processing of table 4 and influence of the normal pressure reverse dc processing time to peeled shrimp quality
From table 3,4, independent cycle forward and reverse current processing can not degrade the residual quantity of chloramphenicol in peeled shrimp, still
It will not also cause the change of peeled shrimp quality.
Chloramphenicol degradation rate and the shadow of product quality in test example three, cycle forward and reverse electric current combination radiation treatment prawn
Ring
Shrimp living is handled according to 1.1 test methods, peeled shrimp is handled according to the processing method of embodiment one~tri-, it is investigated
The influence of chloramphenicol degradation rate and product quality in prawn, meat is exported with powered muon capture gas chromatograph by SN0341-95
And the residual chloromycetin method of inspection is measured to chloramphenicol in peeled shrimp in meat products, measurement result is as shown in table 5；According to GB/
Method as defined in T5009.44 is measured to the quality and VBN of peeled shrimp, and measurement result is as shown in table 6.
Influence of the cycle of the table 5 forward and reverse electric current combination radiation treatment to chloramphenicol degradation rate in peeled shrimp
Influence of the cycle of the table 6 forward and reverse electric current combination radiation treatment to peeled shrimp quality
, on the one hand can be with relatively low radiation absorber amount using cycle forward and reverse electric current and radiation treatment from table 5,6
The residual quantity of chloramphenicol in peeled shrimp can be made to be down to below 0.1 μ g/kg, on the other hand, the peeled shrimp after treating does not have yellow to show
As hardness achieves significant progress compared with prior art also without significant change, and the freshness of peeled shrimp is also unaffected.
The influence that chloramphenicol is degraded in test example four, the different aquatic products of cycle forward and reverse electric current combination radiation treatment
Shrimp living and live grass carp are handled according to 1.1 test methods, is carried out according to the processing method prawn of embodiment one and live grass carp
Processing, investigates the influence of chloramphenicol degradation rate and product quality in shrimp before and after the processing, is pressed with powered muon capture gas chromatograph
SN0341-95 exports the residual chloromycetin method of inspection in meat and meat products and peeled shrimp is measured with chloramphenicol in grass carp meat, surveys
Determine result as shown in table 7；According to quality and volatility alkali of the method as defined in GB/T5009.44 to peeled shrimp and grass carp meat
Nitrogen is measured, and measurement result is as shown in table 8,9.
The influence that the cycle of table 7 forward and reverse electric current combination radiation treatment is degraded to chloramphenicol in peeled shrimp and grass carp meat
Influence of the cycle of the table 8 forward and reverse electric current combination radiation treatment to peeled shrimp quality
| Group | Peeled shrimp color | Peeled shrimp hardness | VBN (mg/100g) |
| Before processing | It is unchanged | It is unchanged | 15.8 |
| After processing | It is unchanged | It is unchanged | 16.0 |
Influence of the cycle of the table 9 forward and reverse electric current combination radiation treatment to grass carp meat
| Group | Grass carp meat color | Grass carp meat hardness | VBN (mg/100g) |
| Before processing | It is unchanged | It is unchanged | 14.2 |
| After processing | It is partially yellow | It is unchanged | 16.3 |
From table 7~9, cycle forward and reverse current processing combination radiation treatment can effectively reduce the residual of chloramphenicol in shrimp living
Allowance, meets international requirement, and do not interfere with the quality of peeled shrimp, it is adaptable to shrimp chloramphenicol degradation treatment living；And can from experiment
To find out, cycle forward and reverse current processing combination radiation treatment grass carp, the chlorine remained in oppressing that can also degrade to a certain extent is mould
Element, but the standard of the world can't be reached, while after processing, flesh of fish color is partially yellow, and freshness has certain decline, and this can
Can be because the meat of different aquatic products is constituted caused by difference.
The above-described embodiments merely illustrate the principles and effects of the present invention, not for the limitation present invention.It is any ripe
Know the personage of this technology all can carry out modifications and changes under the spirit and scope without prejudice to the present invention to above-described embodiment.Cause
This, those of ordinary skill in the art is complete without departing from disclosed spirit and institute under technological thought such as
Into all equivalent modifications or change, should by the present invention claim be covered.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of irradiation-induced degradation method of aquatic products antibiotic, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
A) the γ of cobalt -60 radiation treatments：The aquatic products of original packing are subjected to radiation treatment, radiation absorber amount with cobalt-60γray
For 0.5~2kGy, the radiation absorber amount uniformity is 1.2~1.4；
B) cycle forward and reverse current processing：Aquatic products after above-mentioned irradiated processing are placed in normal pressure forward dc electric field and handled
After 15~40s, it is placed in the reverse DC electric field of normal pressure and handles 5~12s, wherein normal pressure forward current and normal pressure reverse current electricity
Current density is 100~150A/m2。
2. the irradiation-induced degradation method of aquatic products antibiotic as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the step A) described in
Radiation absorber amount is preferably 1kGy.
3. the irradiation-induced degradation method of aquatic products antibiotic as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the step A) described in
The radiation absorber amount uniformity is 1.2.
4. the irradiation-induced degradation method of aquatic products antibiotic as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the step B) in preferably
It is placed in normal pressure forward dc electric field after 20~30s, is placed in 6~10s of processing in the reverse DC electric field of normal pressure.
5. the irradiation-induced degradation method of aquatic products antibiotic as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that the step B) in preferably
It is placed in normal pressure forward dc electric field after 23s, is placed in the reverse DC electric field of normal pressure and handles 8s.
6. the irradiation-induced degradation method of aquatic products antibiotic as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the step B) in normal pressure
The current density of DC Forward Current and normal pressure reverse dc is 120A/m2。
7. the irradiation-induced degradation method of aquatic products antibiotic as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the step A) in normal temperature
It is lower to carry out.
8. the irradiation-induced degradation method of aquatic products antibiotic as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the antibiotic is that chlorine is mould
Element.
9. the irradiation-induced degradation method of aquatic products antibiotic as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the aquatic products are shrimp.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109601822B (en) * | 2019-01-22 | 2022-11-08 | 北京三强核力辐射工程技术有限公司 | Method for degrading antibiotics in animal-derived food by synergistic irradiation of alkaloid |
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