CN107315200B - A kind of absolute relative gravity meter of high-precision of luminous power driving - Google Patents
A kind of absolute relative gravity meter of high-precision of luminous power driving Download PDFInfo
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- CN107315200B CN107315200B CN201710305509.0A CN201710305509A CN107315200B CN 107315200 B CN107315200 B CN 107315200B CN 201710305509 A CN201710305509 A CN 201710305509A CN 107315200 B CN107315200 B CN 107315200B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V7/00—Measuring gravitational fields or waves; Gravimetric prospecting or detecting
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V7/00—Measuring gravitational fields or waves; Gravimetric prospecting or detecting
- G01V7/16—Measuring gravitational fields or waves; Gravimetric prospecting or detecting specially adapted for use on moving platforms, e.g. ship, aircraft
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of absolute relative gravity meters of high-precision of luminous power driving, including first laser device, collimating and beam expanding system, reflecting mirror, the first beam splitter, the second beam splitter, falling bodies prism, reference prism, photodetector, second laser, relay lens, condenser lens and 4 quadrant detector；It is a Hollow-Core Photonic Crystal Fibers optical trap system between second laser and relay lens, is provided with particle in the optical trap system；The device of the invention realizes high-precision acceleration of gravity using luminous power effect, while precise measurement acceleration of gravity, the dynamic range of measurement is wider, it is worked by using different parts, both it had been able to achieve high-acruracy survey absolute gravity acceleration, energy real-time measurement relative gravity acceleration again, measurement dynamic range is big, can be applicable in aerospace and navigational field.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to High-Precision Gravimeter Survey technical field, it is related to a kind of High-Precision Gravimeter Survey instrument more particularly to one
The absolute relative gravity meter of high-precision of kind luminous power driving, can be achieved at the same time absolute gravity measurement and relative gravity measurement.
Background technique
Luminous power effect refers to the light-matter interaction for carrying energy and momentum, the exchange of momentum is generated, to show
Effect for light to object applied force.The size of power is equal to the change of object momentum in the unit time caused by light, and thus may be used
Cause ohject displacement, the variation of speed condition.The power generated by light is directly proportional to luminous intensity, and luminous intensity is stronger, raying object
Weight is smaller, and this radiation optical pressure effect will be more obvious.The development of quantum optices, so that the method for light-matter interaction
Progress is more and more rapider, and nano science and semi-conductor industry are in advanced material and technologic development, so that manufacture is super
Sensitive micro-nano device is possibly realized, these devices can spatially accomplish atomic scale.The two aspects combine
Just quantum photodynamics is formd.
Gravimeter can be divided into absolute gravimeter and relative gravity instrument, and absolute gravimeter is used to measure the absolute gravity of a bit
Acceleration, the absolute gravity acceleration that the latter is used to measure two o'clock are poor.
The shortcomings that relative gravity instrument is the opposite variation that can only measure gravity, cannot provide the absolute value of acceleration of gravity,
Therefore the accuracy of relative gravity instrument demarcates it dependent on absolute gravimeter.
Currently, absolute gravimeter measurement accuracy is high, but the period of absolute measurement is long, and measurement dynamic range is small, using ring
Border requires height, and relative gravity instrument measurement dynamic range is larger, but measurement accuracy is low, is both able to achieve high-acruracy survey so developing
Absolute gravity acceleration, but energy real-time measurement relative gravity acceleration, the big gravimeter of measurement dynamic range are very important.
Summary of the invention
In view of the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, it is an object of the present invention to which the high-precision for providing a kind of luminous power driving is absolutely relatively heavy
Force measuring instrument, the device can realize absolute gravity measurement and relative gravity measurement simultaneously.
The absolute relative gravity meter of high-precision of luminous power driving of the invention, including first laser device, collimator and extender system
System, reflecting mirror, the first beam splitter, the second beam splitter, falling bodies prism, reference prism, photodetector, second laser, steering
Lens, condenser lens and 4 quadrant detector；
First laser device, collimating and beam expanding system and the reflecting mirror is sequentially located on same level straight line, the first beam splitting
Device, the second beam splitter and photodetector successively in the same horizontal line and be located at first laser device below, falling bodies prism and
Reference prism is located at the two sides up and down of the first beam splitter；
It is a Hollow-Core Photonic Crystal Fibers optical trap system between second laser and relay lens, in the optical trap system
It is provided with particle, reference prism is set between second laser and relay lens, and a round light passing is provided among reference prism
Hole, for being extended there through for Hollow-Core Photonic Crystal Fibers.Relay lens, condenser lens and 4 quadrant detector are located at same level
On line.
In above-mentioned technical proposal, the Hollow-Core Photonic Crystal Fibers diameter is less than 50 microns.
The diameter of the reference prism central circular light hole is usually 100 microns.
The particle mass is less than 1ng.
When carrying out absolute gravity measurement using the measuring instrument, the laser that first laser device issues successively passes through collimator and extender system
Reference beam and measuring beam be divided by the first beam splitter after system and reflecting mirror, wherein measuring beam pass through respectively reference prism and
The second beam splitter is met at after the reflection of falling bodies prism with reference beam, forms interference fringe, then visit in photoelectricity through lens focus
It surveys on the photosurface of device.
When carrying out relative gravity measurement using the measuring instrument, the light of second laser outgoing passes through Hollow-Core Photonic Crystal Fibers
Optical trap system, diverted lens and condenser lens, are detected by 4 quadrant detector, measure particle displacement using BFP method.
The invention proposes high-precision acceleration of gravity scheme is realized using luminous power effect, accelerate in precise measurement gravity
While spending, the dynamic range of measurement is wider, has not only been able to achieve high-acruracy survey absolute gravity acceleration, but can real-time measurement it is opposite
Acceleration of gravity, measurement dynamic range is big, can be applicable in aerospace and navigational field.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of apparatus of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Invention is further explained in the following with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments.
Referring to Fig.1, gravimeter of the invention is based on luminous power effect and carries out High-Precision Gravimeter Survey, and absolute weight can be achieved at the same time
Power measurement and relative gravity measurement.The present invention use device as shown in the figure, including first laser device 1, collimating and beam expanding system 2,
Reflecting mirror 3, the first beam splitter 4, the second beam splitter 5, falling bodies prism 6, reference prism 7, photodetector 8, second laser 9,
Relay lens 10, condenser lens 11 and 4 quadrant detector 12.Wherein first laser device 1, collimating and beam expanding system 2 and reflecting mirror 3
Successively on same level straight line, the first beam splitter 4, the second beam splitter 5 and photodetector are successively in the same horizontal line simultaneously
And it is located at 1 lower section of first laser device.Falling bodies prism 6 and reference prism 7 are located at the two sides up and down of the first beam splitter 4, and second
It is a Hollow-Core Photonic Crystal Fibers optical trap system between laser 9 and relay lens 10, reference prism 7 is set to second laser
Between 9 and relay lens 10, relay lens 10, condenser lens 11 and 4 quadrant detector 12 are located in same horizontal line.With reference to
It is a round light hole among prism 7, diameter is about 100 microns, is extended there through for Hollow-Core Photonic Crystal Fibers.It is carrying out absolutely
It is measured when to gravity measurement and relative gravity measurement using different piece:
(1) absolute gravity measurement
When measuring, the laser issued by laser 1 is after collimating and beam expanding system 2 and reflecting mirror 3 by first point
Beam device 4 divides for reference beam and measuring beam, and wherein measuring beam is downwards respectively by the anti-of falling bodies prism 6 and reference prism 7
After penetrating and reference beam meets at the second beam splitter 5, forms interference fringe, then through lens focus in the photosensitive of photodetector 8
On face.Since this two-beam comes from same light source, although initial phase constantly changes, there is fixed phase difference.Therefore it surveys
Light beam is measured after the reflection of falling bodies and reference prism, is overlapped with reference beam, interference is formed.Interference light intensity can be expressed as two
The synthesis of Shu Guang, if synthesis light energy is E, the ceiling capacity of reference beam is E1, the ceiling capacity of measuring beam is E2, initially
Difference between the two-arm of state interferometer is z0, as falling bodies whereabouts Δ z, the luminous intensity of synthesis light beam be may be expressed as:
I=E1E2{1-cos[keff(z0+Δz)]} (1)
Wherein:
Interfering beam is received after reaching photodetector 8, and every whereabouts λ/2 of falling bodies just will form an interference fringe, is led to
Spend the time of detection interference fringe zero crossing, so that it may obtain falling bodies half of optical maser wavelength elapsed time of every whereabouts.Then
The corresponding time shifting coordinate (T of the available each zero crossing of interference fringei,Di).It is introduced to reduce when zero crossing calculates
Time uncertainty error, chooses N number of zero crossing (generally taking N=2001), falling bodies drop is divided into fixed range, no
With the new time-displacement coordinate (x of timei,ti), then resolved according to the following formula according to least square method:
X in formula0, v0, g0It is starting position coordinates, initial velocity and the acceleration of gravity of initial position respectively, is most preferably to estimate
The free parameter of value.Actually in the height entirely to fall, the vertical gradient γ of earth gravitational field is about 3 μ Gal/cm, therefore
The influence for considering gravity gradient γ, since the optical path of interferometer reflection falling bodies constantly shortens during falling bodies fall, and light
Speed is limited, and the time that striped generates always lags behind the position of falling bodies arrival, therefore can obtain:
Wherein ti' it is delay time, it is provided by formula 5:
It is solved using least square method, the optimum evaluation of absolute gravity value can be obtained
(2) relative gravity measurement
The present invention realizes the capture to falling bodies particle using single beam gradient force ligh trap, and its essence is utilization light actions micro-
When grain, particle changes the direction of propagation of light, that is, the linear momentum of photon is changed, so that particle be made to obtain within a certain period of time
Momentum is mechanical function of the light to particle in macro manifestations.
When carrying out relative gravity measurement, component needed for measuring mainly has laser 9, relay lens 10, condenser lens 11
It is constituted with 4 quadrant detector 12.The light that laser 9 is emitted passes through Hollow-Core Photonic Crystal Fibers optical trap system, and photon is due to refraction
Passing to particle is gradient force, and light beam focusing center is directed toward in the direction of power always, and photon passes to dissipating for particle due to reflecting
Power is penetrated, the light direction of propagation is directed toward in direction always.Gradient force constraint particle be in beam center in transverse direction, axial gradient power and scattered
It penetrates power mutually to balance on off-centered a certain position, ligh trap just stablizes capturing particulates on three-dimensional space.Finally by four
Quadrant detector 12 measures particle displacement using BFP method.Wherein, particle mass is less than 1ng, and fibre diameter is less than 50 microns.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of absolute relative gravity meter of high-precision of luminous power driving, which is characterized in that including first laser device (1), standard
Direct expansion beam system (2), reflecting mirror (3), the first beam splitter (4), the second beam splitter (5), falling bodies prism (6), reference prism (7),
Photodetector (8), second laser (9), relay lens (10), condenser lens (11) and 4 quadrant detector (12)；
First laser device (1), collimating and beam expanding system (2) and the reflecting mirror (3) is sequentially located on same level straight line, and first
Beam splitter (4), the second beam splitter (5) and photodetector (8) successively in the same horizontal line and are located at first laser device (1)
Lower section, falling bodies prism (6) and reference prism (7) are located at the two sides up and down of the first beam splitter (4)；
It is a Hollow-Core Photonic Crystal Fibers optical trap system between second laser (9) and relay lens (10), in the ligh trap system
Particle is provided in system, reference prism (7) is set between second laser (9) and relay lens (10), in reference prism (7)
Between be provided with a round light hole, for being extended there through for Hollow-Core Photonic Crystal Fibers, relay lens (10), condenser lens (11) and
4 quadrant detector (12) is located in same horizontal line.
2. the absolute relative gravity meter of high-precision of luminous power driving according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described
Hollow-Core Photonic Crystal Fibers diameter is less than 50 microns.
3. the absolute relative gravity meter of high-precision of luminous power driving according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described
The diameter of reference prism (7) central circular light hole is 100 microns.
4. the absolute relative gravity meter of high-precision of luminous power driving according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described
Particle mass is less than 1ng.
5. the absolute relative gravity meter of high-precision of luminous power driving according to claim 1, which is characterized in that using should
When measuring instrument carries out absolute gravity measurement, the laser that first laser device (1) issues successively passes through collimating and beam expanding system (2) and reflection
Reference beam and measuring beam are divided by the first beam splitter (4) after mirror (3), wherein measuring beam passes through reference prism (7) respectively
And the second beam splitter (5) are met at reference beam after the reflection of falling bodies prism (6), interference fringe is formed, then through lens focus
In on the photosurface of photodetector (8).
6. the absolute relative gravity meter of high-precision of luminous power driving according to claim 1, which is characterized in that using should
When measuring instrument carries out relative gravity measurement, the light of second laser (9) outgoing passes through Hollow-Core Photonic Crystal Fibers optical trap system, warp
Relay lens (10) and condenser lens (11) are detected by 4 quadrant detector (12), measure particle displacement using BFP method.
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| CN108121015B (en) * | 2018-01-25 | 2024-03-29 | 中国科学技术大学 | Atomic population detection system |
| CN108897057B (en) * | 2018-04-25 | 2020-11-10 | 浙江大学 | Full-tensor gravity gradient measurement method based on optical suspension and gravity gradiometer |
| CN109814165B (en) * | 2019-02-25 | 2020-05-19 | 浙江大学 | Light power cooling miniaturized high-precision optical gravimeter |
| CN111198402B (en) * | 2020-01-15 | 2021-12-07 | 东华理工大学 | Earth gravity field model modeling method based on orbit mask differential operator |
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