CN207528750U - A kind of vehicle-mounted laser Doppler anemometer - Google Patents
A kind of vehicle-mounted laser Doppler anemometer Download PDFInfo
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- CN207528750U CN207528750U CN201721608701.9U CN201721608701U CN207528750U CN 207528750 U CN207528750 U CN 207528750U CN 201721608701 U CN201721608701 U CN 201721608701U CN 207528750 U CN207528750 U CN 207528750U
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Abstract
A kind of vehicle-mounted laser Doppler anemometer, the laser that laser emits is divided into equal strength, aplanatic two beams directional light by Amici prism, two beam directional lights are incident on first, second semi-transparent semi-reflecting lens respectively, and the two beam collimated light beams transmitted from first, second semi-transparent semi-reflecting lens are entered in two symmetrical light paths of dual-beam differential system；The two light beams reflected from first, second semi-transparent semi-reflecting lens are incident on respectively in symmetrically arranged two one-dimensional light paths with reference to photonic system.Dual-beam differential system output Doppler frequency is fDDoppler signal S3, two one-dimensional export Doppler frequency as f respectively with reference to photonic systemsD1Doppler signal S1 and Doppler frequency be fD2Doppler signal S2；The resolving of current vehicle travel speed is completed using S1, S2 and S3.It can adapt to the jolting on roughness pavement of vehicle and waves the utility model, and entire velocity-measuring system is mounted on vehicle type carrier, provides accurate speed parameter for vehicle in real time.
Description
Technical field
The utility model is to be related to a kind of high-precision high-reliability new pattern laser tachymeter, is mainly used in different applications
Environment provides accurate speed parameter for vehicle, belongs to laser and Technology of Precision Measurement field.
Background technology
At present, the speed parameter of vehicle is mainly obtained by two ways.One kind is to utilize vehicle-mounted acceleration measuring
Loading gage body is calculated bearer rate variable quantity, with reference to initial value, obtains the speed of carrier relative to the acceleration of reference frame
Spend parameter.Another kind is the speed that carrier is obtained by means of global positioning system (GPS).Both speed testing modes have itself
Shortcoming.
Used vehicle-mounted accelerometer, which tests the speed, is all based on the principle for surveying specific force, although it is autonomous test device, it
What is measured is the apparent acceleration rather than absolute acceleration of movable body；Further need exist for the acceleration generated by calculating gravitational field
Degree can just obtain the absolute acceleration of movable body.Since it is measured by mass body, existing is influenced by overload
Error term.And the error term measured is more, and complicated calculating is needed to be modified.
And the speed of carrier is obtained by means of global positioning system (GPS), although GPS is with global, round-the-clock, high-precision
The advantages that degree, real-time positioning system, but it is the second generation satellite navigation system that U.S. Department of Defense develops, and belongs to non-autonomous formula
System, its dynamic property and antijamming capability are poor.
Laser Doppler Velocimeter be based on laser doppler, using the Doppler frequency shift of moving particles scattering light come
Obtain velocity information.The research of laser Doppler vibration starts from 1964, after decades of development, reaches its maturity,
The development of synchronous signal treatment technology, modern age laser technology and micro-fabrication technology is provided to the research of Laser Doppler Velocimeter
Advantage.Laser Doppler Velocimeter is increasingly becoming domestic and international tachometric survey research as a kind of novel velocity sensor
Hot spot.
In some existing Laser Doppler Velocimeter, due to its light path design defect (such as the control volume popped one's head in compared with
It is small), cause its measurement range that far can not adapt to the environment such as the fluctuating of up-down vibration and ground level of vehicle.And Doppler surveys
Fast instrument is due to sensitive to transmitting inclination angle (transmitting light beam and the angle of the direction of motion), so vehicle jolts to wave and can cause to measure
Error can not provide accurate tachometric survey information for vehicle in real time.
Utility model content
For existing various tachymeters there are the defects of, do not adapted to especially for existing Laser Doppler Velocimeter
Vehicle, which jolts, to wave, the shortcomings that can not providing accurate tachometric survey information for vehicle in real time.The purpose of this utility model is to carry
For a kind of vehicle-mounted laser Doppler anemometer, the jolting on roughness pavement that can adapt to vehicle is waved, will entirely be surveyed
Speed system is mounted on vehicle type carrier, provides accurate speed parameter for vehicle in real time.
To realize the purpose of the utility model, it is achieved using following technical scheme：
A kind of vehicle-mounted laser Doppler anemometer, including two it is one-dimensional with reference to photonic systems, a dual-beam differential system,
Signal arbiter and signal processor.
The laser that laser emits is divided into equal strength, aplanatic two beams directional light by Amici prism, and two beams are parallel
Light is incident on the first semi-transparent semi-reflecting lens, the second semi-transparent semi-reflecting lens respectively, is transmitted from the first semi-transparent semi-reflecting lens, the second semi-transparent semi-reflecting lens
The two beam collimated light beams gone out are entered in two symmetrical light paths of dual-beam differential system；From the first semi-transparent semi-reflecting lens, the second half
The two light beams that saturating semi-reflective mirror reflects symmetrically are incident on respectively in symmetrically arranged two one-dimensional light paths with reference to photonic system.
Dual-beam differential system output Doppler frequency is fDDoppler signal S3, two are one-dimensional with reference to photonic systems point
Not Shu Chu Doppler frequency be fD1Doppler signal S1 and Doppler frequency be fD2Doppler signal S2；Doppler signal
S1, Doppler signal S2 and Doppler signal S3 are input to the signal arbiter for differentiating the current transport condition of vehicle,
Signal arbiter is connect with signal processor, and signal arbiter is by the current traveling shape of the Doppler signal received and vehicle
State information is transmitted to signal processor, and signal processor carries out signal processing, completes the resolving of current vehicle travel speed.
Wherein：Signal arbiter can differentiate the current transport condition (Doppler of vehicle by the Doppler signal of reception
Frequency fD1With fD2Identical, the variation delta θ for emitting inclination angle is zero, and vehicle travels on smooth road surface at this time；Doppler frequency
fD1With fD2It differs, the variable quantity for emitting inclination angle is Δ θ, and vehicle travels on broken terrain at this time.), when vehicle exists
On smooth ground when driving, during even running, signal processor extracts its corresponding Doppler frequency by Doppler signal S3
fD, utilize Doppler frequency fDIt realizes the resolving of current vehicle travel speed, obtains the real motion speed of current vehicle；Work as vehicle
On broken terrain when driving, jolting occurs in vehicle when waving, and signal processor extracts it by Doppler signal S1
Corresponding Doppler frequency fD1Its corresponding Doppler frequency f is extracted with by Doppler signal S2D2, utilize Doppler frequency fD1
With fD2It realizes the resolving of current vehicle travel speed, obtains the real motion speed of current vehicle.
Wherein laser, Amici prism, the first semi-transparent semi-reflecting lens, the second semi-transparent semi-reflecting lens, third diaphragm, the 4th diaphragm,
It is differential that first convergent lens, ground, the second convergent lens, the 5th diaphragm and third avalanche diode module constitute dual-beam
System；
Laser, Amici prism, the first semi-transparent semi-reflecting lens, the second semi-transparent semi-reflecting lens, the first attenuator, the second attenuator,
First total reflective mirror, the second total reflective mirror, the first narrow smooth optical filter, the second narrow smooth optical filter, the first diaphragm, the second diaphragm, the first snow
It collapses diode (led) module and the second avalanche diode module constitutes two one-dimensional reference light beamforming subsystems, wherein：Laser divides
Light prism, the first semi-transparent semi-reflecting lens, the first attenuator, the first total reflective mirror, the first narrow smooth optical filter, the first diaphragm, the first snowslide
Diode (led) module constitutes an one-dimensional reference light beamforming subsystem, laser, Amici prism, the second semi-transparent semi-reflecting lens, second
Attenuator, the second total reflective mirror, the second narrow smooth optical filter, the second diaphragm and the second avalanche diode module constitute an one-dimensional ginseng
Examine beam type subsystem.
The laser that the laser emits is divided into equal strength, aplanatic two beams directional light, two beams by Amici prism
Directional light is mapped to the first semi-transparent semi-reflecting lens, the second semi-transparent semi-reflecting lens respectively；From the light beam that the first semi-transparent semi-reflecting lens transmit through
Three diaphragms, the first convergent lens are incident on ground, are assembled from the light velocity that the second semi-transparent semi-reflecting lens transmit through the 4th diaphragm, first
To ground, the part scattering light on ground is incident on lens entrance by the first convergent lens, the second convergent lens, the 5th diaphragm
On the photosurface of third avalanche diode module and difference interference occurs, obtained Doppler frequency is fDDoppler signal
S3。
The part scattering light meeting backtracking on ground, i.e., the part scattering light on ground is through the first convergent lens, third
Diaphragm is mapped to the first semi-transparent semi-reflecting lens, from the light beam that the first semi-transparent semi-reflecting lens reflect through the first narrow smooth optical filter, the first diaphragm
It is incident on the photosurface of the first avalanche diode module, the photosurface of the first avalanche diode module is incident on by this light path
On light beam be 1# flashlights；Likewise, the part scattering light on ground is mapped to the second half through the first convergent lens, the 4th diaphragm
Saturating semi-reflective mirror is incident on the second snowslide from the light beam that the second semi-transparent semi-reflecting lens reflect through the second narrow smooth optical filter, the second diaphragm
On the photosurface of diode (led) module, the light beam being incident on by this light path on the photosurface of the second avalanche diode module is believed for 2#
Number light.
Two beam directional lights are mapped to the first semi-transparent semi-reflecting lens, the second semi-transparent semi-reflecting lens respectively；It is reflected from the first semi-transparent semi-reflecting lens
The light beam gone out is reflected into after the first attenuator is mapped to the first total reflective mirror after the first attenuator is decayed again is mapped to the first half
Saturating semi-reflective mirror is incident on the first snowslide from the light beam that the first semi-transparent semi-reflecting lens transmit through the first narrow smooth optical filter, the first diaphragm
It is 1# reference lights on the photosurface of diode (led) module；Likewise, from the light beam that the second semi-transparent semi-reflecting lens reflect through the second attenuation
Piece, which is mapped to after the second total reflective mirror to be reflected into again after the second attenuator is decayed, is mapped to the second semi-transparent semi-reflecting lens, semi-transparent from second
The light beam that semi-reflective mirror transmits is incident on the photosurface of the second avalanche diode module through the second narrow smooth optical filter, the second diaphragm
On, it is 2# reference lights.
The 1# reference lights and 1# flashlights for being incident on the first avalanche diode module interfere on its photosurface, obtain
Doppler frequency be fD1Doppler signal S1；The 2# reference lights and 2# flashlights for being incident on the second avalanche diode module exist
It is interfered on its photosurface, obtained Doppler frequency is fD2Doppler signal S2.First avalanche diode module obtains
Doppler signal S1, the obtained Doppler signal S2 of the second avalanche diode module and third avalanche diode module obtain
Doppler signal S3 is transmitted to signal processor after carrying out signal differentiation via signal arbiter, is carried out at signal by it
Reason.Signal arbiter can differentiate the current transport condition of vehicle, when vehicle is on smooth ground by the Doppler signal of reception
On face when driving, during even running, signal processor extracts its corresponding Doppler frequency f by Doppler signal S3D, using more
General Le frequency fDIt realizes the resolving of current vehicle travel speed, obtains the real motion speed of current vehicle；When vehicle is in bumps
On uneven ground when driving, jolting occurs in vehicle when waving, and it is corresponding more that signal processor by Doppler signal S1 extracts its
General Le frequency fD1, its corresponding Doppler frequency f is extracted by Doppler signal S2D2, utilize Doppler frequency fD1With fD2It realizes and works as
The resolving of vehicle in front travel speed can be reduced by two-way Doppler signal S1 and S2 or eliminate transmitting change of pitch angle and brought
Measurement error, obtain the real motion speed of vehicle.
Laser that laser emits, the 5th diaphragm, the second convergent lens, the first convergent lens longitudinal central axis line exist
On same straight line.Laser that first semi-transparent semi-reflecting lens and the second semi-transparent semi-reflecting lens are emitted with laser, the 5th diaphragm, second
The longitudinal central axis line of convergent lens and the first convergent lens is symmetrical for symmetry axis, and third diaphragm and the second diaphragm are with laser
The longitudinal central axis line of laser, the 5th diaphragm, the second convergent lens and the first convergent lens that device emits is left for symmetry axis
Right symmetrical, the longitudinal central axis line of first semi-transparent semi-reflecting lens and the longitudinal central axis line of third diaphragm overlap, and described second is semi-transparent
The longitudinal central axis line of semi-reflective mirror and the longitudinal central axis line of the second diaphragm overlap.Longitudinal direction in the utility model refers to the fortune with vehicle
The vertical direction in dynamic direction.Laterally refer to the direction parallel with the direction of motion of vehicle.
First total reflective mirror, the first attenuator, the first semi-transparent semi-reflecting lens, the first narrow smooth optical filter, the first diaphragm horizontal stroke
To central axes on the same line, likewise, second total reflective mirror, the second attenuator, the second semi-transparent semi-reflecting lens, the second narrow light
Optical filter, the second diaphragm lateral central axes on the same line.
The laser is single longitudinal mode solid state laser.What single longitudinal mode solid state laser was sent out in the utility model is a branch of
Wavelength is 532nm, and power is 50mW laser.
(1) it in the utility model, is incident between the light beam on ground and ground through third diaphragm, the first convergent lens
Angle, that is, 1# transmittings inclination angle；The angle being incident between the light beam on ground and ground through the 4th diaphragm, the first convergent lens is 2#
Emit inclination angle.When vehicle on smooth ground when driving, during even running, the vehicle-mounted laser Doppler being installed on vehicle surveys
Two transmitting inclination angles of fast instrument do not change and angle is θ.θ is transmitting of the vehicle in even running on smooth-riding surface
Inclination angle.Be incident on the 1# reference lights of the first avalanche diode module and 1# flashlights interfered on its photosurface it is more
General Le frequency fD1It is interfered on its photosurface with the 2# reference lights and 2# flashlights for being incident on the second avalanche diode module
Obtained Doppler frequency fD2Identical, Δ θ (variable quantity at transmitting inclination angle) is zero, so the velocity solution formula of vehicle is formula (1).
Simultaneously as carrier operates steadily, ground is located at two-beam intersecting area, dual-beam differential system work, since dual-beam is poor
Dynamic system signal is strong, can reduce the signal expulsion rate of system.
Wherein v is the movement velocity of vehicle, and λ is the optical maser wavelength that laser sends out laser, and θ is between light beam and ground
Angle emits inclination angle, fDFor Doppler frequency.
Vehicle is travelled on smooth ground, velocity calculated during vehicle even running, above-mentioned formula (1) utilizes
It is transmitting inclination angle theta of the vehicle in even running on smooth-riding surface, you can to emit inclination angle using 1#, 2# can also be utilized to emit
Inclination angle, this is a kind of speed testing mode based on monochromatic light beam optical path.This speed testing mode based on monochromatic light beam optical path its be adapted to vehicle
It tests the speed in even running on smooth road surface.Transmitting inclination angle does not change at this time.Doppler frequency fD1With fD2Phase
Together, the variation delta θ for emitting inclination angle is zero, velocity solution formula, that is, formula (1) of vehicle.
In addition, travelled on smooth ground for vehicle, velocity calculated during vehicle even running, since vehicle is run
Steadily, ground is located at two-beam intersecting area.Dual-beam differential system works normally, and can also utilize the angle of two-beam at this time
The light beam on ground is incident on through third diaphragm, the first convergent lens with being incident on ground through the 4th diaphragm, the first convergent lens
Light beam between angle α and dual-beam differential system acquisition Doppler frequency fDSpeed when realizing to vehicle even running
It resolves.At this point, movement velocity when vehicle even running is resolved by dual-beam differential system, velocity solution formula, that is, formula of vehicle
(2)：
Since dual-beam differential system signal is strong, movement speed during vehicle even running is resolved by dual-beam differential system
Degree can reduce the signal expulsion rate of system.
(2) when vehicle on broken terrain when driving, jolting, which occurs, in vehicle to wave.1# emits inclination angle and 2# transmittings
Inclination angle changes, and the variable quantity for emitting inclination angle is Δ θ, then passes through two one-dimensional Doppler frequencies acquired with reference to photonic system
fD1With Doppler frequency fD2The movement velocity of vehicle is resolved, the movement velocity of vehicle is calculated by formula (3) and formula (4), is reduced
The data noise brought due to transmitting change of pitch angle.
Wherein
It can ensure tachometric survey not by the shadow of transmitting change of pitch angle in this way, no matter vehicle travels on which kind of ground
It rings, i.e., this compact symmetric form Laser Doppler Velocimeter effectively can measure the speed of vehicle, while appropriate
Under conditions of can also obtain the relatively low signal of disengaging rate.
The utility model advantage compared with existing Laser Doppler Velocimeter is：
(1) it is right by two there is provided two one-dimensional reference light beamforming subsystems using the light path arrangement of symmetrical structure
The one-dimensional reference light beamforming subsystem claimed is modified the Doppler frequency obtained each other, solves common tachymeter to transmitting
The problem of inclination angle sensitivity.No matter vehicle travels the utility model on which kind of ground can ensure that tachometric survey is not inclined by transmitting
The influence of angle variation, can effectively measure the speed of vehicle.Vehicle jolts when waving, and due to arrangement, there are two symmetrical
One-dimensional reference light beamforming subsystem, two one-dimensional reference light beamforming subsystems can compensate transmitting inclination angle, thus this
Utility model provide tachymeter to vehicle jolt wave it is insensitive.Two snow in two one-dimensional reference light beamforming subsystems
The output signal for collapsing diode (led) module is all transmitted to signal processor, and signal processing is carried out by it, passes through two-way Doppler frequency
Rate can reduce or eliminate the measurement error that transmitting change of pitch angle is brought, and obtain the real motion speed of vehicle at this time.
(2) the ingenious two-beam using symmetrical structure is (i.e. through Amici prism, the first semi-transparent semi-reflecting lens, third diaphragm and
One assembles lens entrance to the light beam on ground and through Amici prism, the second semi-transparent semi-reflecting lens, the 4th diaphragm and the first convergent lens
The light beam for being incident on ground is symmetrical).When vehicle operates steadily, ground is located at two-beam intersecting area, the differential system of dual-beam
System normal work can resolve the movement velocity of vehicle by dual-beam differential system, since dual-beam differential system signal is strong,
The signal expulsion rate of system can be reduced.
(3) it with Amici prism and convergent lens, dexterously realizes the two-beam direction of the launch and hangs down along vehicle type carrier movement
Nogata is required to symmetrical.
(4) traditional He-Ne lasers or semiconductor laser diode are replaced with single longitudinal mode solid state laser, makes to swash
Light device has many advantages, such as line width, power is big and small simultaneously, and the noise for being conducive to improve Doppler signal is when visited
Ranging from.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structure diagram of the utility model
In figure：Single longitudinal mode solid state laser 1, Amici prism 2, the first semi-transparent semi-reflecting lens 3, the second semi-transparent semi-reflecting lens 4, first
The narrow smooth optical filter 10 of the narrow smooth optical filter 9, second of attenuator 5, the second attenuator 6, the first total reflective mirror 7, the second total reflective mirror 8, first,
First diaphragm 11, the second diaphragm 12, the first avalanche diode module 13, the second avalanche diode module 14, third diaphragm 15,
Four diaphragms 16, the first convergent lens 17, the second convergent lens 18, the 5th diaphragm 19, third avalanche diode module 20, signal are sentenced
Other device 21, signal processor 22, vehicle-mounted laser Doppler anemometer 23, ground 24.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the attached drawing in the utility model embodiment figure, to the technical scheme in the embodiment of the utility model into
Row clearly and completely describes, and is described in further details, but the embodiment of the utility model is not limited only to this.
It is the structure diagram of the utility model with reference to Fig. 1.Vehicle-mounted laser Doppler anemometer 23 includes single longitudinal mode solid
Laser 1, Amici prism 2, the first semi-transparent semi-reflecting lens 3, the second semi-transparent semi-reflecting lens 4, the first attenuator 5, the second attenuator 6,
The narrow smooth optical filter 10 of the narrow smooth optical filter 9, second of one total reflective mirror 7, the second total reflective mirror 8, first, the first diaphragm 11, the second diaphragm 12,
First avalanche diode module 13, the second avalanche diode module 14, third diaphragm 15, the 4th diaphragm 16, the first convergent lens
17th, the second convergent lens 18, the 5th diaphragm 19, third avalanche diode module 20, signal arbiter 21 and signal processor 22.
Wherein single longitudinal mode solid state laser 1, Amici prism 2, the first semi-transparent semi-reflecting lens 3, the second semi-transparent semi-reflecting lens 4, third
Diaphragm 15, the 4th diaphragm 16, the first convergent lens 17, ground 24, the second convergent lens 18, the 5th diaphragm 19 and third snowslide
Diode (led) module 20 constitutes dual-beam differential system.The light path of two light beams in dual-beam differential system is arranged symmetrically
's.
Single longitudinal mode solid state laser 1, Amici prism 2, the first semi-transparent semi-reflecting lens 3, the attenuation of the second semi-transparent semi-reflecting lens 4, first
Piece 5, the second attenuator 6, the first total reflective mirror 7, second the 8, first narrow smooth narrow smooth optical filter 10, first of optical filter 9, second of total reflective mirror
Diaphragm 11, the second diaphragm 12, the first avalanche diode module 13 and the second avalanche diode module 14 constitute two one-dimensional ginsengs
Beam type subsystem is examined, wherein：Single longitudinal mode solid state laser 1, Amici prism 2, the first semi-transparent semi-reflecting lens 3, the first attenuator 5,
First the 7, first narrow smooth optical filter 9 of total reflective mirror, the first diaphragm 11, the first avalanche diode module 13 constitute an one-dimensional reference
Beam type subsystem, single longitudinal mode solid state laser 1, Amici prism 2, the second semi-transparent semi-reflecting lens 4, the second attenuator 6, second are all-trans
The narrow smooth optical filter 10 of mirror 8, second, the second diaphragm 12 and the second avalanche diode module 14 constitute an one-dimensional reference light beamforming
Subsystem.The light path of two light beams is symmetrical in two one-dimensional reference light beamforming subsystems.
Specifically, laser, the 5th diaphragm 19, the second convergent lens 18, first that single longitudinal mode solid state laser 1 emits
The longitudinal central axis line of convergent lens 17 is on the same line.First semi-transparent semi-reflecting lens 3 and the second semi-transparent semi-reflecting lens 4 are sent out with laser
The longitudinal central axis line of laser, the 5th diaphragm 19, the second convergent lens 18 and the first convergent lens 17 shot out is symmetry axis
Laser, the 5th diaphragm 19, the second convergent lens symmetrical, that 15 and second diaphragm 12 of third diaphragm is emitted with laser
18 and first convergent lens 17 longitudinal central axis line for symmetry axis it is symmetrical, in the longitudinal direction of first semi-transparent semi-reflecting lens 3
The longitudinal central axis line of axis and third diaphragm 15 overlaps, the longitudinal central axis line and the second diaphragm 12 of second semi-transparent semi-reflecting lens 4
Longitudinal central axis line overlap.Longitudinal direction in the utility model refers to the direction vertical with the direction of motion of vehicle.Laterally refer to
The parallel direction of the direction of motion of vehicle.
First total reflective mirror 7, the first attenuator 5, first the 3, first narrow smooth optical filter 9 of semi-transparent semi-reflecting lens, the first diaphragm
11 lateral central axes on the same line, likewise, second total reflective mirror 8, the second attenuator 6, the second semi-transparent semi-reflecting lens
4th, the second narrow smooth optical filter 10, the second diaphragm 12 lateral central axes on the same line.
The basic principle of the utility model is to respectively constitute based on the laser beam being arranged symmetrically with two beams to refer to light type all the way
Subsystem, while two-beam is dexterously intersected at into certain point, and constitute dual-beam differential system.Specifically, using with
The two-beam that motion vertical direction is arranged symmetrically is incident on ground respectively.Take this symmetrical laser beam of two beams as basic, one side
Two sets of one-dimensional reference light beamforming subsystems are respectively constituted, are arranged as a result of symmetrical structure, vehicle type carrier, which jolts, to wave pair
The error that single reference light loop band comes can be modified by the Doppler frequency that two symmetrical subsystems obtain, and be obtained
The real motion speed of vehicle；On the other hand this two-beam also constitutes two beam intersecting beams in dual-beam differential technique.Together
When, if ground is located at the intersecting area (measuring body) of two-beam, then dual-beam differential system can also resolve to obtain vehicle type
The true velocity of carrier, and do not jolted inclined influence by carrier.
A branch of wavelength that single longitudinal mode solid state laser 1 is sent out be 532nm, power be 50mW laser, Amici prism 22 by its
It is divided into equal strength, aplanatic two beams directional light.Two beam directional lights are mapped to the first semi-transparent semi-reflecting lens 3, second semi-transparent half respectively
Anti- mirror 4；Ground 24 is incident on from the light beam that the first semi-transparent semi-reflecting lens 3 transmit through third diaphragm 15, the first convergent lens 17, from
The light velocity that second semi-transparent semi-reflecting lens 4 transmit is incident on ground 24 through the 4th diaphragm 16, the first convergent lens 17, and the one of ground 24
Some scattered light is incident on third avalanche diode mould by the first convergent lens 17, the second convergent lens 18, the 5th diaphragm 19
On the photosurface of block 20 and difference interference occurs, obtained Doppler frequency is fDDoppler signal S3.
The part scattering light on ground can backtracking, i.e., the part scattering light on ground is through the first convergent lens 17, the
Three diaphragms 15 are mapped to the first semi-transparent semi-reflecting lens 3, from the light beam that the first semi-transparent semi-reflecting lens 3 reflect through the first narrow smooth optical filter 9,
One diaphragm 11 is incident on the photosurface of the first avalanche diode module 13, and the first avalanche diode mould is incident on by this light path
Light beam on the photosurface of block 13 is 1# flashlights；Likewise, the part scattering light on ground is through the first convergent lens the 17, the 4th
Diaphragm 16 is mapped to the second semi-transparent semi-reflecting lens 4, from the light beam that the second semi-transparent semi-reflecting lens 4 reflect through the second narrow smooth optical filter 10,
Two diaphragms 12 are incident on the photosurface of the second avalanche diode module 14, and the second avalanche diode mould is incident on by this light path
Light beam on the photosurface of block 14 is 2# flashlights.
Two beam directional lights are mapped to the first semi-transparent semi-reflecting lens 3, the second semi-transparent semi-reflecting lens 4 respectively；It is anti-from the first semi-transparent semi-reflecting lens 3
The light beam of injection is reflected into after the first attenuator 5 is mapped to the first total reflective mirror 7 after the first attenuator 5 is decayed again is mapped to
One semi-transparent semi-reflecting lens 3 are incident on from the light beam that the first semi-transparent semi-reflecting lens 3 transmit through the first narrow smooth optical filter 9, the first diaphragm 11
It is 1# reference lights on the photosurface of first avalanche diode module 13；Likewise, the light reflected from the second semi-transparent semi-reflecting lens 4
Beam is reflected into after the second attenuator 6 is mapped to the second total reflective mirror 8 after the second attenuator 6 is decayed again is mapped to second semi-transparent half
Anti- mirror 4 is incident on the second snow from the light beam that the second semi-transparent semi-reflecting lens 4 transmit through the second narrow smooth optical filter 10, the second diaphragm 12
It is 2# reference lights on the photosurface for collapsing diode (led) module 14.
The 1# reference lights and 1# flashlights for being incident on the first avalanche diode module 13 interfere on its photosurface, obtain
The Doppler frequency arrived is fD1Doppler signal S1；It is incident on the 2# reference lights of the second avalanche diode module 14 and 2# signals
Light interferes on its photosurface, and obtained Doppler frequency is fD2Doppler signal S2.First avalanche diode module
The Doppler signal S2 and third avalanche diode mould that 13 obtained Doppler signal S1, the second avalanche diode module 14 obtain
The Doppler signal S3 that block 20 obtains is transmitted to signal processor 22 after carrying out signal differentiation via signal arbiter 21, by it
To carry out signal processing.Signal arbiter 21 can differentiate the current transport condition of vehicle by the Doppler signal of reception, when
On smooth ground when driving, during even running, it is corresponding how general that signal processor by Doppler signal S3 extracts its to vehicle
Strangle frequency fD, utilize Doppler frequency fDIt realizes the resolving of current vehicle travel speed, obtains the real motion speed of current vehicle
Degree；When vehicle on broken terrain when driving, jolting occurs in vehicle when waving, and signal processor is by Doppler signal S1
Extract its corresponding Doppler frequency fD1, its corresponding Doppler frequency f is extracted by Doppler signal S2D2, utilize Doppler's frequency
Rate fD1With fD2It realizes the resolving of current vehicle travel speed, can reduce or eliminate by two-way Doppler signal S1 and S2
The measurement error that transmitting change of pitch angle is brought, obtains the real motion speed of vehicle.
(1) in the utility model, through third diaphragm 15, the first convergent lens 17 be incident on ground light beam and ground it
Between angle, that is, 1# transmitting inclination angle；It is incident between the light beam on ground and ground through the 4th diaphragm 16, the first convergent lens 17
Angle is 2# transmittings inclination angle.Wherein θ is transmitting inclination angle of the vehicle in even running on smooth-riding surface.α be through third diaphragm,
The folder that first convergent lens is incident on the light beam on ground and is incident on through the 4th diaphragm, the first convergent lens between the light beam on ground
Angle.When vehicle on smooth ground when driving, during even running, the vehicle-mounted laser Doppler anemometer that is installed on vehicle
Two transmitting inclination angles do not change and angle is θ.It is incident on the 1# reference lights of the first avalanche diode module 13 and 1# letters
The Doppler frequency f that number light interferes on its photosurfaceD12# with being incident on the second avalanche diode module 14 joins
Examine the Doppler frequency f that light and 2# flashlights interfere on its photosurfaceD2It is identical, the Δ θ (variations at transmitting inclination angle
Amount) it is zero, so the velocity solution formula of vehicle is formula (1).Simultaneously as carrier operates steadily, ground is intersected positioned at two-beam
Region, dual-beam differential system work, since dual-beam differential system signal is strong, can reduce the signal expulsion rate of system.
Wherein v is the movement velocity of vehicle, and λ is the optical maser wavelength that laser sends out laser, and θ is between light beam and ground
Angle emits inclination angle, fDFor Doppler frequency.
Vehicle is travelled on smooth ground, velocity calculated during vehicle even running, above-mentioned formula (1) utilizes
It is transmitting inclination angle theta of the vehicle in even running on smooth-riding surface, you can to emit inclination angle using 1#, 2# can also be utilized to emit
Inclination angle, this is a kind of speed testing mode based on monochromatic light beam optical path.This speed testing mode based on monochromatic light beam optical path its be adapted to vehicle
It tests the speed in even running on smooth road surface.Transmitting inclination angle does not change at this time.Doppler frequency fD1With fD2Phase
Together, the variation delta θ for emitting inclination angle is zero, velocity solution formula, that is, formula (1) of vehicle.
In addition, travelled on smooth ground for vehicle, velocity calculated during vehicle even running, since vehicle is run
Steadily, ground is located at two-beam intersecting area.Dual-beam differential system works normally, and can also utilize the angle of two-beam at this time
The light beam on ground is incident on through third diaphragm, the first convergent lens with being incident on ground through the 4th diaphragm, the first convergent lens
Light beam between angle α realize to vehicle even running when velocity calculated.At this point, vehicle is resolved by dual-beam differential system
Movement velocity during even running, velocity solution formula, that is, formula (2) of vehicle：
Since dual-beam differential system signal is strong, movement speed during vehicle even running is resolved by dual-beam differential system
Degree can reduce the signal expulsion rate of system.
(2) when vehicle on broken terrain when driving, jolting, which occurs, in vehicle to wave.1# emits inclination angle and 2# transmittings
Inclination angle changes, and the variable quantity for emitting inclination angle is Δ θ, then passes through two one-dimensional Doppler frequencies acquired with reference to photonic system
fD1With Doppler frequency fD2The movement velocity of vehicle is resolved, the movement velocity of vehicle is calculated by formula (3) and formula (4), is reduced
The data noise brought due to transmitting change of pitch angle.
Wherein
It can ensure tachometric survey not by the shadow of transmitting change of pitch angle in this way, no matter vehicle travels on which kind of ground
It rings, i.e., this compact symmetric form Laser Doppler Velocimeter effectively can measure the speed of vehicle, while appropriate
Under conditions of can also obtain the relatively low signal of disengaging rate.
In conclusion although the utility model has been disclosed with preferred embodiment as above, so it is not limited to this practicality
It is novel, any those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the spirit and scope of the utility model, when can make it is various change with
Retouching, therefore the scope of protection of the utility model is subject to the range defined depending on claims.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of vehicle-mounted laser Doppler anemometer, it is characterised in that：It is one-dimensional with reference to photonic system, a dual-beam including two
Differential system, signal arbiter and signal processor；
The laser that laser emits is divided into equal strength, aplanatic two beams directional light, two beam directional lights point by Amici prism
It is not incident on the first semi-transparent semi-reflecting lens, the second semi-transparent semi-reflecting lens, is transmitted from the first semi-transparent semi-reflecting lens, the second semi-transparent semi-reflecting lens
Two beam collimated light beams are entered in two symmetrical light paths of dual-beam differential system；From the first semi-transparent semi-reflecting lens, second semi-transparent half
The two light beams that anti-mirror reflects symmetrically are incident on respectively in symmetrically arranged two one-dimensional light paths with reference to photonic system；
Dual-beam differential system output Doppler frequency is fDDoppler signal S3, two one-dimensional distinguish with reference to photonic systems it is defeated
Go out Doppler frequency for fD1Doppler signal S1 and Doppler frequency be fD2Doppler signal S2；It is Doppler signal S1, more
General Le signal S2 and Doppler signal S3 is input to the signal arbiter for differentiating the current transport condition of vehicle, and signal is sentenced
Other device is connect with signal processor, and signal arbiter is by the current running condition information of the Doppler signal received and vehicle
Signal processor is transmitted to, signal processor carries out signal processing, completes the resolving of current vehicle travel speed.
2. vehicle-mounted laser Doppler anemometer according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Laser, Amici prism, first
Semi-transparent semi-reflecting lens, the second semi-transparent semi-reflecting lens, third diaphragm, the 4th diaphragm, the first convergent lens, ground, the second convergent lens,
Five diaphragms and third avalanche diode module constitute dual-beam differential system；
Laser, Amici prism, the first semi-transparent semi-reflecting lens, the second semi-transparent semi-reflecting lens, the first attenuator, the second attenuator, first
Total reflective mirror, the second total reflective mirror, the first narrow smooth optical filter, the second narrow smooth optical filter, the first diaphragm, the second diaphragm, the first snowslide two
Pole pipe module and the second avalanche diode module constitute two one-dimensional reference light beamforming subsystems, wherein：Laser, light splitting rib
Mirror, the first semi-transparent semi-reflecting lens, the first attenuator, the first total reflective mirror, the first narrow smooth optical filter, the first diaphragm, two pole of the first snowslide
Tube module constitutes an one-dimensional reference light beamforming subsystem, laser, Amici prism, the second semi-transparent semi-reflecting lens, the second attenuation
Piece, the second total reflective mirror, the second narrow smooth optical filter, the second diaphragm and the second avalanche diode module constitute an one-dimensional reference light
Beamforming subsystem.
3. vehicle-mounted laser Doppler anemometer according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：What laser emitted swashs
Light, the 5th diaphragm, the second convergent lens, the first convergent lens longitudinal central axis line on the same line；First semi-transparent semi-reflecting lens
Laser, the 5th diaphragm, the second convergent lens and the first convergent lens emitted with the second semi-transparent semi-reflecting lens with laser
Longitudinal central axis line for symmetry axis it is symmetrical；
Laser, the 5th diaphragm, the second convergent lens and the first meeting that third diaphragm and the second diaphragm are emitted with laser
The longitudinal central axis line of poly- lens is symmetrical for symmetry axis, the longitudinal central axis lines of first semi-transparent semi-reflecting lens and third diaphragm
Longitudinal central axis line overlaps, and the longitudinal central axis line of second semi-transparent semi-reflecting lens and the longitudinal central axis line of the second diaphragm overlap；
Wherein longitudinal direction refers to the direction vertical with the direction of motion of vehicle；Laterally refer to the side parallel with the direction of motion of vehicle
To.
4. vehicle-mounted laser Doppler anemometer according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：First total reflective mirror, first
Attenuator, the first semi-transparent semi-reflecting lens, the first narrow smooth optical filter, the first diaphragm lateral central axes on the same line；
Likewise, second total reflective mirror, the second attenuator, the second semi-transparent semi-reflecting lens, the second narrow smooth optical filter, the second diaphragm
Lateral central axes are on the same line.
5. vehicle-mounted laser Doppler anemometer according to claim 4, it is characterised in that：It is transmitted from the first semi-transparent semi-reflecting lens
The light beam gone out is incident on ground through third diaphragm, the first convergent lens, and the light velocity transmitted from the second semi-transparent semi-reflecting lens is through the 4th
Diaphragm, the first convergent lens are incident on ground, the part scattering light on ground by the first convergent lens, the second convergent lens,
5th diaphragm is incident on the photosurface of third avalanche diode module and difference interference occurs, and obtained Doppler frequency is fD
Doppler signal S3；
The part scattering light meeting backtracking on ground, i.e., the part scattering light on ground is through the first convergent lens, third diaphragm
The first semi-transparent semi-reflecting lens are mapped to, it is incident through the first narrow smooth optical filter, the first diaphragm from the light beam that the first semi-transparent semi-reflecting lens reflect
Onto the photosurface of the first avalanche diode module, it is incident on by this light path on the photosurface of the first avalanche diode module
Light beam is 1# flashlights；Likewise, the part scattering light on ground is mapped to second semi-transparent half through the first convergent lens, the 4th diaphragm
Anti- mirror is incident on two pole of the second snowslide from the light beam that the second semi-transparent semi-reflecting lens reflect through the second narrow smooth optical filter, the second diaphragm
On the photosurface of tube module, the light beam being incident on by this light path on the photosurface of the second avalanche diode module is 2# signals
Light；
First is reflected into again from the light beam that the first semi-transparent semi-reflecting lens reflect after the first attenuator is mapped to the first total reflective mirror to decline
Subtract and the first semi-transparent semi-reflecting lens are mapped to after piece is decayed, filter from the light beam that the first semi-transparent semi-reflecting lens transmit through the first narrow light
Piece, the first diaphragm are incident on the photosurface of the first avalanche diode module, are 1# reference lights；Likewise, from second semi-transparent half
The light beam that anti-mirror reflects is reflected into after the second attenuator is mapped to the second total reflective mirror after the second attenuator is decayed and penetrates again
To the second semi-transparent semi-reflecting lens, it is incident on from the light beam that the second semi-transparent semi-reflecting lens transmit through the second narrow smooth optical filter, the second diaphragm
It is 2# reference lights on the photosurface of second avalanche diode module.
6. vehicle-mounted laser Doppler anemometer according to claim 5, it is characterised in that：It is incident on the first avalanche diode
The 1# reference lights and 1# flashlights of module interfere on its photosurface, and obtained Doppler frequency is fD1Doppler signal
S1；The 2# reference lights and 2# flashlights for being incident on the second avalanche diode module interfere on its photosurface, and what is obtained is more
General Le frequency is fD2Doppler signal S2.
7. the vehicle-mounted laser Doppler anemometer according to any claim in claim 1 to 6, it is characterised in that：Institute
Laser is stated as single longitudinal mode solid state laser.
8. vehicle-mounted laser Doppler anemometer according to claim 7, it is characterised in that：Single longitudinal mode solid state laser is sent out
A branch of wavelength for 532nm, power is 50mW laser.
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| CN201721608701.9U CN207528750U (en) | 2017-11-27 | 2017-11-27 | A kind of vehicle-mounted laser Doppler anemometer |
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| CN108020681A (en) * | 2017-11-27 | 2018-05-11 | 长沙普德利生科技有限公司 | A kind of vehicle-mounted laser Doppler anemometer |
| CN108594257A (en) * | 2018-07-02 | 2018-09-28 | 北方民族大学 | Tachogenerator and its scaling method based on Doppler effect and measurement method |
| CN113507775A (en) * | 2021-06-07 | 2021-10-15 | 中国工程物理研究院激光聚变研究中心 | Multipurpose optical Thomson scattering spectrum measuring system suitable for large laser device |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN108020681A (en) * | 2017-11-27 | 2018-05-11 | 长沙普德利生科技有限公司 | A kind of vehicle-mounted laser Doppler anemometer |
| CN108020681B (en) * | 2017-11-27 | 2024-03-08 | 长沙普德利生科技有限公司 | Vehicle-mounted laser Doppler velocimeter |
| CN108594257A (en) * | 2018-07-02 | 2018-09-28 | 北方民族大学 | Tachogenerator and its scaling method based on Doppler effect and measurement method |
| CN108594257B (en) * | 2018-07-02 | 2024-04-02 | 哈工科讯(沈阳)工业技术研究院有限公司 | Speed measuring sensor based on Doppler effect and calibration method and measuring method thereof |
| CN113507775A (en) * | 2021-06-07 | 2021-10-15 | 中国工程物理研究院激光聚变研究中心 | Multipurpose optical Thomson scattering spectrum measuring system suitable for large laser device |
| CN113507775B (en) * | 2021-06-07 | 2023-11-21 | 中国工程物理研究院激光聚变研究中心 | Multipurpose optical Thomson scattering spectrum measuring system suitable for large-scale laser device |
| CN115598376A (en) * | 2022-10-18 | 2023-01-13 | 中国人民解放军国防科技大学（Cn） | Optical window combination for underwater double-beam differential LDV and application thereof |
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