CN107314364A - 下通烟立式播底火燃烧装置 - Google Patents

下通烟立式播底火燃烧装置 Download PDF

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CN107314364A
CN107314364A CN201610290400.XA CN201610290400A CN107314364A CN 107314364 A CN107314364 A CN 107314364A CN 201610290400 A CN201610290400 A CN 201610290400A CN 107314364 A CN107314364 A CN 107314364A
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马成果
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING ONLY SOLID FUEL
    • F23B30/00—Combustion apparatus with driven means for agitating the burning fuel; Combustion apparatus with driven means for advancing the burning fuel through the combustion chamber
    • F23B30/02—Combustion apparatus with driven means for agitating the burning fuel; Combustion apparatus with driven means for advancing the burning fuel through the combustion chamber with movable, e.g. vibratable, fuel-supporting surfaces; with fuel-supporting surfaces that have movable parts
    • F23B30/06—Combustion apparatus with driven means for agitating the burning fuel; Combustion apparatus with driven means for advancing the burning fuel through the combustion chamber with movable, e.g. vibratable, fuel-supporting surfaces; with fuel-supporting surfaces that have movable parts with fuel supporting surfaces that are specially adapted for advancing fuel through the combustion zone
    • F23B30/10—Combustion apparatus with driven means for agitating the burning fuel; Combustion apparatus with driven means for advancing the burning fuel through the combustion chamber with movable, e.g. vibratable, fuel-supporting surfaces; with fuel-supporting surfaces that have movable parts with fuel supporting surfaces that are specially adapted for advancing fuel through the combustion zone with fuel-supporting surfaces having fuel advancing elements that are movable, but remain essentially in the same place, e.g. with rollers or reciprocating grate bars
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23K—FEEDING FUEL TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS
    • F23K3/00—Feeding or distributing of lump or pulverulent fuel to combustion apparatus
    • F23K3/08—Feeding or distributing of lump or pulverulent fuel to combustion apparatus for furnaces having movable grate bars
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
    • F23L9/00—Passages or apertures for delivering secondary air for completing combustion of fuel 
    • F23L9/04—Passages or apertures for delivering secondary air for completing combustion of fuel  by discharging the air beyond the fire, i.e. nearer the smoke outlet
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23K—FEEDING FUEL TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS
    • F23K2203/00—Feeding arrangements
    • F23K2203/004—Feeding devices with reciprocating members
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
    • Y02E20/34—Indirect CO2mitigation, i.e. by acting on non CO2directly related matters of the process, e.g. pre-heating or heat recovery

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion Of Fluid Fuel (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及锅炉技术领域，特别涉及为层燃炉炉排提供底火的一种下通烟立式播底火燃烧装置，要解决的技术问题是，已有立式播底火燃烧装置，烟道与煤斗中下落的煤形成交叉，易堵煤和产生将煤加热造成煤中挥发成份析出或引燃；烟道梳齿间隔结构对输送烟气有较大阻力的不足，所采取的技术方案为，提供一种下通烟立式播底火燃烧装置，它由兼作立式固定炉排片支架的立式方筒形煤斗、置于所述煤斗内的立式往复炉排和烟道组成，所述烟道为下通烟烟道，在所述煤斗内所述下通烟烟道上方有二次风室，所述下通烟烟道由所述立式往复炉排的立式反射拱和所述煤斗内位于所述立式反射拱前方的膜式壁拱形烟墙组成，所述向锅炉送燃料出口上方相应处有拨煤辊。

Description

下通烟立式播底火燃烧装置
技术领域
本发明涉及锅炉技术领域，特别涉及为层燃炉炉排提供底火的一种下通烟立式播底火燃烧装置。
背景技术
目前，普遍应用的机械化燃煤(层燃炉)炉排，从结构上主要分为往复传动炉排和链环传动炉排两大类。这类炉排的工作过程是将从炉排前端进入的煤送到炉排尾端完成煤的燃烧过程将炉渣排出。其缺点是：一、煤燃料的着火是仅靠炉拱的辐射热引燃，着火是从煤上层面着向底层面，与通风方向相反，处于有限着火状态，对燃烧不利，将造成不充分燃烧；二、下层煤燃料处于最后着火，所以将造成细煤燃料从炉排通风孔隙漏下，造成浪费。针对上述炉排缺点，专利申请号为200920149884.1的专利申请提供了一种立式播底火燃烧装置，可以来加以克服。但所述立式播底火燃烧装置，由于烟道为设计在煤斗内、横在锅炉燃料分流入口下方的相互平行梳齿状分布的烟道，其不足是与煤斗中下落的煤形成交叉，易堵煤和产生将煤加热造成煤中挥发成份析出或引燃；烟道梳齿间隔结构对输送烟气有较大阻力。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是，已有立式播底火燃烧装置，烟道与煤斗中下落的煤形成交叉，易堵煤和产生将煤加热造成煤中挥发成份析出或引燃；烟道梳齿间隔结构对输送烟气有较大阻力的不足。
为解决上述技术问题，本发明所采取的技术方案为，提供一种下通烟立式播底火燃烧装置，它由兼作立式固定炉排片支架的立式方筒形煤斗、置于所述煤斗内的立式往复炉排和烟道组成，所述烟道为下通烟烟道，在所述煤斗内所述下通烟烟道上方有二次风室，所述下通烟烟道由所述立式往复炉排的立式反射拱和所述煤斗内位于所述立式反射拱前方的膜式壁拱形烟墙组成，所述膜式壁拱形烟墙与所述煤斗左、右侧壁焊固，上端与所述立式反射拱的上联箱连接，下端与膜式壁拱形烟墙下联箱连接，所述膜式壁拱形烟墙下联箱与所述立式反射拱的下联箱间距为所述下通烟烟道出口；所述二次风室由所述膜式壁拱形烟墙上面、兼作所述下通烟立式播底火燃烧装置燃料分流导板的风室板和兼作锅炉燃料分流导板的风室板组成，所述兼作所述下通烟立式播底火燃烧装置燃料分流导板的风室板和兼作锅炉燃料分流导板的风室板与所述煤斗左、右侧壁焊固，所述煤斗左或右侧壁对应所述二次风室处焊有二次风接入管；在所述立式反射拱上的所述下通烟烟道入口上方拱墙部分和所述膜式壁拱形烟墙上面相应处，焊有贯通所述二次风室和所述下通烟烟道的引射二次风弯管；所述膜式壁拱形烟墙下联箱与所述煤斗前侧壁间距为向锅炉送燃料出口；在所述煤斗内、所述向锅炉送燃料出口上方相应处有拨煤辊，所述拨煤辊与所述煤斗左、右侧壁上相应拨煤辊轴安装孔配合。
本发明与已有技术相比，由于设计有所述下通烟烟道、所述二次风室和所述拨煤辊结构，其有益效果是，所述下通烟烟道与煤斗中下落的煤不形成交叉，不堵煤，避免了将煤加热造成煤中挥发成份析出或引燃；所述二次风室克服了所述下通烟烟道输送烟气阻力的同时，一是可对进入所述下通烟烟道内的烟气助燃，二是可再次引燃未充分着火的底火煤层。
附图说明
图为下通烟立式播底火燃烧装置主视剖视局部放大结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图给出本发明优选实施例，它由兼作立式固定炉排片支架的立式方筒形煤斗1、置于所述煤斗1内的立式往复炉排2和烟道组成，所述烟道为下通烟烟道3，在所述煤斗1内所述下通烟烟道3上方有二次风室4，所述下通烟烟道3由所述立式往复炉排2的立式反射拱5和所述煤斗1内位于所述立式反射拱5前方的膜式壁拱形烟墙6组成，所述膜式壁拱形烟墙6与所述煤斗1左、右侧壁焊固，上端与所述立式反射拱5的上联箱7连接，下端与膜式壁拱形烟墙下联箱8连接，所述膜式壁拱形烟墙下联箱8与所述立式反射拱5的下联箱9间距为所述下通烟烟道3出口10；所述二次风室4由所述膜式壁拱形烟墙6上面、兼作所述下通烟立式播底火燃烧装置燃料分流导板的风室板11和兼作锅炉燃料分流导板的风室板12组成，所述兼作所述下通烟立式播底火燃烧装置燃料分流导板的风室板11和兼作锅炉燃料分流导板的风室板12与所述煤斗1左、右侧壁焊固，所述煤斗1左或右侧壁对应所述二次风室4处焊有二次风接入管；在所述立式反射拱5上的所述下通烟烟道3入口13上方拱墙部分和所述膜式壁拱形烟墙6上面相应处，焊有贯通所述二次风室4和所述下通烟烟道3的引射二次风弯管14；所述膜式壁拱形烟墙下联箱8与所述煤斗1前侧壁15间距为向锅炉送燃料出口16；在所述煤斗1内、所述向锅炉送燃料出口16上方相应处有拨煤辊17，所述拨煤辊17与所述煤斗1左、右侧壁上相应拨煤辊轴安装孔配合。在同层燃炉炉排锅炉配合使用时，所述煤斗1前侧壁15下边沿留有向锅炉炉膛通烟气间距18，所述煤斗1中由兼作所述下通烟立式播底火燃烧装置燃料分流导板的风室板11导入所述下通烟立式播底火燃烧装置燃料分流入口19的燃料，沿所述立式往复炉排2阶梯形工作面运行燃烧，至所述阶梯形工作面下端形成完全燃烧状态底火后，经所述下通烟立式播底火燃烧装置完全燃烧状态底火出口20，落到锅炉层燃炉排21上；所述煤斗1中由兼作锅炉燃料分流导板的风室板12导入所述锅炉燃料分流入口22的燃料，在经所述拨煤辊17、所述向锅炉送燃料出口16，落到锅炉层燃炉排21上随锅炉层燃炉排21运行到对应所述向锅炉送燃料出口16下方的完全燃烧状态底火上，实现了所述煤斗1中的燃料在进入炉膛前形成底层为引燃底火，上层为覆盖煤层状态，并在进入锅炉炉膛后至燃烬前一直保持下去，燃烧由底层向上层与通风方向相同。在所述立式往复炉排2上燃料运行燃烧产生的烟气经由所述立式反射拱5上的所述下通烟烟道3入口13、所述下通烟烟道3、所述下通烟烟道3出口10、所述向锅炉炉膛通烟气间距18后进入锅炉炉膛23。所述二次风接入管与二次风机相连接，所述二次风室4中的二次风由所述引射二次风弯管14送入所述下通烟烟道3中。所述膜式壁拱形烟墙下联箱8和所述立式反射拱5的下联箱9与水循环系统进水管连接，所述立式反射拱5的上联箱7与水循环系统出水管连接。

Claims (1)

1.一种下通烟立式播底火燃烧装置，它由兼作立式固定炉排片支架的立式方筒形煤斗、置于所述煤斗内的立式往复炉排和烟道组成，其特征在于：所述烟道为下通烟烟道，在所述煤斗内所述下通烟烟道上方有二次风室，所述下通烟烟道由所述立式往复炉排的立式反射拱和所述煤斗内位于所述立式反射拱前方的膜式壁拱形烟墙组成，所述膜式壁拱形烟墙与所述煤斗左、右侧壁焊固，上端与所述立式反射拱的上联箱连接，下端与膜式壁拱形烟墙下联箱连接，所述膜式壁拱形烟墙下联箱与所述立式反射拱的下联箱间距为所述下通烟烟道出口；所述二次风室由所述膜式壁拱形烟墙上面、兼作所述下通烟立式播底火燃烧装置燃料分流导板的风室板和兼作锅炉燃料分流导板的风室板组成，所述兼作所述下通烟立式播底火燃烧装置燃料分流导板的风室板和兼作锅炉燃料分流导板的风室板与所述煤斗左、右侧壁焊固，所述煤斗左或右侧壁对应所述二次风室处焊有二次风接入管；在所述立式反射拱上的所述下通烟烟道入口上方拱墙部分和所述膜式壁拱形烟墙上面相应处，焊有贯通所述二次风室和所述下通烟烟道的引射二次风弯管；所述膜式壁拱形烟墙下联箱与所述煤斗前侧壁间距为向锅炉送燃料出口；在所述煤斗内、所述向锅炉送燃料出口上方相应处有拨煤辊，所述拨煤辊与所述煤斗左、右侧壁上相应拨煤辊轴安装孔配合。
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