CN107313773B - Method for determining plugging strength required by temporary plugging steering in seam - Google Patents
Method for determining plugging strength required by temporary plugging steering in seam Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
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- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005094 computer simulation Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001052 transient effect Effects 0.000 claims 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B49/00—Testing the nature of borehole walls; Formation testing; Methods or apparatus for obtaining samples of soil or well fluids, specially adapted to earth drilling or wells
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B33/00—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells
- E21B33/10—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells in the borehole
- E21B33/13—Methods or devices for cementing, for plugging holes, crevices or the like
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/25—Methods for stimulating production
- E21B43/26—Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for determining plugging strength required by temporary plugging steering in a seam, which comprises the following steps: collecting data of a target reservoir related to different opening mode calculation models of the natural fractures; obtaining multiple net pressures p required by opening each natural fracture in a target reservoir in different modes based on different opening mode calculation models of interaction of the natural fractures and the hydraulic fractures1(ii) a For a plurality of acquired net pressures p1Is optimized to obtain the optimal net pressure p1'; calculating the net pressure p that can be achieved in the artificial fracture without intra-fracture temporary plugging2(ii) a And determining the plugging strength required by the temporary plugging in the gap to be p1' and p2The difference between them. The invention provides a method for guiding a site to quickly and conveniently determine the plugging strength required by the turning of temporary plugging in a seam, thereby more reliably selecting a well, selecting the well and preferably selecting a formula and dosage of a temporary plugging agent.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of petroleum engineering, in particular to a method for determining plugging strength required by temporary plugging steering in a seam.
Background
In unconventional reservoir transformation in the petroleum field, the intra-seam temporary plugging diversion fracturing process provides new activity for the oil reservoir transformation, reduces transformation cost and improves transformation efficiency. The in-seam temporary plugging diversion fracturing process specifically means that in the fracturing process, degradable plugging materials (fibers and particles are compounded) are added to plug the end part of an artificial crack or in a seam, the injection of subsequent fracturing fluid can obviously improve the in-seam net pressure, when the in-seam net pressure reaches the opening pressure of a natural crack, a large number of natural cracks can be opened to generate branch seams, the in-seam using degree is provided, and the transformation efficiency is further improved. After the construction is finished, the plugging material can be degraded and is discharged back to the ground, so that the damage of a reservoir stratum can not be caused, and the aim of cleaning and modifying is fulfilled.
At present, in the actual construction process on site, a reliable and rapid method for determining the plugging strength required by the temporary plugging steering in the seam does not exist. On-site construction is based on experience, it is unclear which intervals of wells are suitable for temporary blocking and steering in the seams, for example, natural fractures of some reservoirs are easy to open to realize steering in the seams, and the natural fractures are fully utilized; natural fractures in some reservoirs are difficult to open, and at this time, the use of an intra-fracture temporary block diversion process is avoided. Meanwhile, the formula and the dosage of the temporary plugging agent are optimized to achieve the target plugging strength, and effective guidance is lacked.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for rapidly and conveniently determining the plugging strength required by the turning of temporary plugging in a seam on site.
In order to achieve the purpose, the specific technical scheme of the method for determining the blocking strength required by the turning of the temporary blocking in the gap is as follows:
a method of determining the strength of occlusion required to divert a temporary occlusion within a seam, comprising: collecting data of a target reservoir related to different opening mode calculation models of the natural fractures; obtaining multiple net pressures p required by opening each natural fracture in a target reservoir in different modes based on different opening mode calculation models of interaction of the natural fractures and the hydraulic fractures1(ii) a For a plurality of acquired net pressures p1Is optimized to obtain the optimal net pressure p1'; calculating the net pressure p that can be achieved in the artificial fracture without intra-fracture temporary plugging2(ii) a And determining the plugging strength required by the temporary plugging in the gap to be p1' and p2The difference between them.
The method for determining the plugging strength required by temporary plugging steering in the gap has the advantages that: provides a method for guiding the site to quickly and conveniently determine the plugging strength required by the turning of the temporary plugging in the seam, thereby more reliably selecting wells, selecting wells and preferably selecting the formula and dosage of the temporary plugging agent.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the method for determining the plugging strength required for steering of temporary plugging in a seam according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a composite plate of the present invention with different crack initiation patterns;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the software programming of the present invention.
Detailed Description
For a better understanding of the objects, structure and function of the invention, a method for determining the plugging strength required for diverting a temporary plugging in a seam according to the invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The blocking strength required by the temporary blocking steering in the crack refers to the fact that temporary blocking materials are added to the end portion of the crack or the crack in the construction process to block the crack so as to improve net pressure until a large number of natural cracks are opened. Net pressure value p1(net pressure after lifting for opening a large number of natural fractures with temporary plugging material added) and the net pressure value p that can be achieved in a fracture without temporary plugging material added2The difference is the plugging strength (p) required for the temporary plugging steering in the seam1-p2)，
As shown in fig. 1, the present invention provides a method for determining the plugging strength required for diverting a temporary plugging in a slit, comprising:
collecting data of a target reservoir, which are related to different opening mode calculation models of natural fractures;
secondly, obtaining multiple net pressures p required by opening each natural fracture in different modes in the target reservoir based on different opening mode calculation models of interaction of the natural fractures and the hydraulic fractures1；
Thirdly, for the obtained various net pressures p1Is optimized to obtain the optimal net pressure p1’；
Fourthly, calculating the net pressure p which can be reached in the artificial fracture when the temporary blocking in the fracture is not carried out2(ii) a And
fifthly, determining the plugging strength required by the temporary plugging in the gap to turn to be p1' and p2The difference between them.
Specifically, in the first step described above, data relating to the different opening pattern calculation models of the natural fractures for the target reservoir are collected, including the following data: maximum horizontal principal stress σ of the target reservoir1Minimum horizontal principal stress σ3Tensile strength To of rock, cohesive force S of natural fracture surfacewNatural fracture surface coefficient of friction muwThe included angle theta between the natural fracture trend and the maximum horizontal principal stress, and the pressure drop delta from the intersection of the hydraulic fracture and the natural fracture to the fracture tippnf。
Further, in the second step, based on the tensile fracture initiation and the molar coulomb criterion, four interaction modes of the natural fracture and the hydraulic fracture are given, and the calculation models of the different opening modes of the interaction of the natural fracture and the hydraulic fracture comprise the following four modes:
mode one, a computational model of natural fracture shear opening:
mode two, a computational model of natural fracture dilation opening:
mode three, computational model of hydraulic fracture opening by natural fracture crossing:
mode four, a computational model of the natural fracture being initiated by a hydraulic fracture along the natural fracture tip to open:
wherein σ1Maximum horizontal principal stress in MPa; sigma3Is the minimum horizontal principal stress in MPa; sigma1-σ3Is the horizontal principal stress difference; p is a radical ofnetIs net pressure in MPa; swThe cohesive force of the natural crack surface is expressed in MPa; mu.swIs the coefficient of friction in the natural fracture surface, decimal; theta is an included angle between the natural fracture trend and the maximum horizontal main stress, and the unit is DEG; to is the tensile strength of the rock body in MPa;Δpnfthe pressure drop in MPa is the pressure drop from the intersection of the hydraulic fracture and the natural fracture to the fracture tip.
And drawing all natural fractures in the reservoir into a chart based on the calculation models of the natural fractures in different opening modes, and establishing a comprehensive chart of the natural fractures in different opening modes. As shown in fig. 2, the comprehensive plate is drawn for various natural fracture regions by using an included angle between the natural fracture strike and the maximum horizontal principal stress as an abscissa and a horizontal principal stress difference as an ordinate, and eight regions representing different opening modes of the following fractures are formed in the comprehensive plate:
and (4) an area: natural fractures can shear and expand open (the areas marked with slanted triangles in fig. 2);
area two: natural fractures can shear open (the area marked by the right-angled straight line in fig. 2);
region (c): the natural fracture can be opened by initiation of a hydraulic fracture along the end of the natural fracture (the area marked with diamonds in FIG. 2);
area (iv): the natural fracture can expand open (the area marked by the left-inclined straight line in fig. 2);
area fifth: natural fractures cannot be opened at the current net pressure (the area marked with an inverted triangle in fig. 2);
region (c): the natural fracture can be opened by initiation of a hydraulic fracture along the end of the natural fracture (the area marked by a rectangle in FIG. 2);
region (c): natural fractures are capable of expanding open and being opened by hydraulic fractures passing therethrough (the regions marked with circles in FIG. 2);
a region (b): the natural fracture can be opened by the hydraulic fracture passing through (the area marked by a blank in fig. 2).
And drawing the natural fracture into a comprehensive chart of the natural fracture in different opening modes according to the ground stress data and the strength parameters of the natural fracture. Through the above-mentioned area, when optimizing the various net pressures that are obtained, through synthesizing the visualization of the version to the user.
In addition, a quick generation program of the comprehensive plate under different opening modes of the hydraulic fracture is compiled, and as shown in fig. 3, the comprehensive plate is drawn in a software programming mode and the obtained various net pressures are optimized, so that the comprehensive plate can be generated more quickly.
Further, in the third step described above, the plurality of net pressures p obtained are subjected to1Is optimized to obtain the optimal net pressure p1', optimum net pressure p1' is the net pressure at which most of the natural fractures open in a shear-open and expansion-open manner. As shown in FIG. 3, the net pressure p may be varied by the integrated plate generation procedure described above1Repeatedly drawing the comprehensive plate area ① of natural fractures in different opening modes until a large number of natural fractures are opened in a shearing and expanding mode, and reading the net pressure p1’。
Further, in the fourth step described above, the net pressure p that can be achieved in the artificial fracture without the intra-fracture temporary blocking is calculated2P after accounting for fluid flow pressure drop within the fracture and fluid hysteresis at the fracture tip2The pressure in the crack can be achieved by improving the construction discharge capacity and the viscosity of the fracturing fluid. Wherein the net pressure p in the gap is calculated by the following formula2：
Wherein p is2The net pressure in the gap is MPa; p is a radical oftipIs the fracture tip net pressure; kappa is a constant, and the value of the elliptic seam is 16/pi; e' is rock plane modulus, E ═ E/(1- ν)2) (ii) a E is the elastic modulus of rock in MPa; ν is the poisson ratio; x is the number offIs the half-length of the crack, and the unit is m; mu is the apparent viscosity of the injected fluid in units of mpa s, q is the injected displacement in units of m3/min；hfIndicating the slot height in m.
Further, in the above fifth step, the optimum net pressure p is obtained1' and net pressure p2By subtraction, p1-p2The plugging strength required by temporary plugging in the seam can be calculated.
The invention provides a method for determining the plugging strength required by the turning of temporary plugging in a seam, and provides a method for guiding a field to quickly and conveniently determine the plugging strength required by the turning of the temporary plugging in the seam, so that the well selection, the well selection and the optimal selection of the formula and the dosage of a temporary plugging agent are more reliable.
The present invention has been further described with reference to specific embodiments, but it should be understood that the detailed description should not be construed as limiting the spirit and scope of the present invention, and various modifications made to the above-described embodiments by those of ordinary skill in the art after reading this specification are within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A method of determining the strength of occlusion required to divert a temporary occlusion within a seam, comprising:
collecting data of a target reservoir related to different opening mode calculation models of the natural fractures;
obtaining multiple net pressures p required by opening each natural fracture in a target reservoir in different modes based on different opening mode calculation models of interaction of the natural fractures and the hydraulic fractures1；
For a plurality of acquired net pressures p1Is optimized to obtain the optimal net pressure p1’；
Calculating the net pressure p that can be achieved in the artificial fracture without intra-fracture temporary plugging2(ii) a And
determining the plugging strength p required by the temporary plugging in the gap for steering1' and p2The difference between the two;
wherein, the different opening mode calculation models of the interaction of the natural fracture and the hydraulic fracture comprise:
calculation model of natural fracture shear opening:
calculation model of natural fracture expansion opening:
computational model of hydraulic fracture opening by natural fracture crossing:
a computational model of natural fracture initiation by hydraulic fractures along the natural fracture tip:
wherein σ1Maximum horizontal principal stress in MPa; sigma3Is the minimum horizontal principal stress in MPa; sigma1-σ3Is the horizontal principal stress difference; p is a radical ofnetIs net pressure in MPa; swThe cohesive force of the natural crack surface is expressed in MPa; mu.swIs the coefficient of friction in the natural fracture surface, decimal; theta is an included angle between the natural fracture trend and the maximum horizontal main stress, and the unit is DEG; to is the tensile strength of the rock body in MPa; Δ pnfThe pressure drop from the intersection of the hydraulic fracture and the natural fracture to the tip of the fracture is expressed in MPa;
drawing a comprehensive plate aiming at various natural fractures by taking an included angle between the natural fracture strike and the maximum horizontal principal stress as an abscissa and the horizontal principal stress difference as an ordinate, and forming eight different opening modes of the fracture, wherein the eight different opening modes represent the following fractures, in the comprehensive plate:
and (4) an area: natural fractures can shear and swell open;
area two: natural fractures can be cut open;
region (c): the natural fracture can be opened by hydraulic fracture initiation along the natural fracture ends;
area (iv): the natural fracture can be expanded and opened;
area fifth: natural fractures cannot be opened at the current net pressure;
region (c): the natural fracture can be opened by hydraulic fracture initiation along the natural fracture ends;
region (c): natural fractures are capable of expanding open and being opened by hydraulic fractures passing therethrough;
a region (b): natural fractures can be opened by hydraulic fractures passing through;
the user is visualized through a composite layout when optimizing the acquired plurality of net pressures.
2. The method for determining the plugging strength required for transient plugging diversion within a fracture as claimed in claim 1, wherein the data of the target reservoir related to different opening pattern computational models of natural fractures comprises: maximum horizontal principal stress σ of the target reservoir1Minimum horizontal principal stress σ3Tensile strength To of rock, cohesive force S of natural fracture surfacewNatural fracture surface coefficient of friction muwThe included angle theta between the natural fracture trend and the maximum horizontal principal stress, and the pressure drop delta p from the intersection of the hydraulic fracture and the natural fracture to the fracture tipnf。
3. The method for determining the plugging strength required for diverting a transient plug within a joint as defined in claim 1, wherein the optimum net pressure p1' is the net pressure at which most of the natural fractures open in a shear-open and expansion-open manner.
4. The method for determining the plugging strength required for steering of temporary plugging in a crack according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein the net pressure p that can be achieved in an artificial crack without temporary plugging in the crack is2The pressure in the crack can be achieved by improving the construction discharge capacity and the viscosity of the fracturing fluid.
5. The method for determining the plugging strength required for transient intra-suture plugging diversion according to claim 4, wherein said net intra-suture pressure p is calculated by the following formula2：
Wherein p istipIs the fracture tip net pressure; k is a constant; e' is rock plane modulus, E ═ E/(1- ν)2) (ii) a E is the rock elastic modulus; ν is the poisson ratio; x is the number offHalf the length of the crack; μ is the apparent viscosity of the injected liquid; q is the injection displacement; h isfIndicating a seam height.
6. The method for determining the plugging strength required for diverting a transient plug within a seam according to claim 1, wherein said comprehensive plate is plotted and optimized for the plurality of net pressures obtained by means of software programming.
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| CN108362860B (en) * | 2018-02-08 | 2021-04-30 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Indoor testing method for tight sandstone steering fracturing feasibility |
| CN109372466B (en) * | 2018-10-10 | 2020-10-27 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司华北油田分公司 | Temporary blocking steering method for realizing liquid-solid-liquid phase state conversion by utilizing natural geothermal field |
| CN110185427B (en) * | 2019-05-10 | 2020-06-30 | 西南石油大学 | Method for acquiring natural crack opening time under condition of temporary plugging in crack |
| CN111980652B (en) * | 2020-08-25 | 2021-09-21 | 中国石油大学(北京) | Method for determining type, size combination and dosage of temporary plugging agent in seam |
| CN112065351B (en) * | 2020-08-25 | 2021-09-17 | 中国石油大学(北京) | Integrated determination method, device and equipment for temporary plugging body information in hydraulic fracture |
| CN114508334B (en) * | 2020-11-17 | 2024-05-31 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Karst cave seam-following communication technology determining method based on three-dimensional ground stress field distribution |
| CN114592823B (en) * | 2020-12-04 | 2024-06-25 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Method for determining use amount of temporary plugging steering material and application |
| CN113468831B (en) * | 2021-07-19 | 2023-07-21 | 西南石油大学 | Method for designing dosage of temporary plugging material in fracture |
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