CN108119122B - Staged fracturing method for casing-deformation complex well - Google Patents
Staged fracturing method for casing-deformation complex well Download PDFInfo
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- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
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- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000005465 channeling Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002981 blocking agent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylamide Chemical group NC(=O)C=C HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
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- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)=O BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 abstract description 13
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000003209 petroleum derivative Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 206010017076 Fracture Diseases 0.000 description 26
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/25—Methods for stimulating production
- E21B43/26—Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures
- E21B43/261—Separate steps of (1) cementing, plugging or consolidating and (2) fracturing or attacking the formation
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/25—Methods for stimulating production
- E21B43/26—Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures
- E21B43/267—Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures reinforcing fractures by propping
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- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Excavating Of Shafts Or Tunnels (AREA)
- Consolidation Of Soil By Introduction Of Solidifying Substances Into Soil (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a staged fracturing method for a casing deformation complex well, and belongs to the technical field of petroleum and natural gas yield increase. The method comprises the following steps: according to the stratum physical property and the well logging data analysis result, selecting a position with the permeability, the porosity and the oil-gas saturation which are more than or equal to preset values at the casing deformation well section to perform perforation of the whole well section; calculating a ground stress profile according to logging data, segmenting a sleeve deformation well section according to the magnitude of ground stress, and setting a fracturing sequence, temporary plugging and staged fracturing technological parameters and temporary plugging agent consumption; injecting a high-strength water-soluble temporary plugging agent into the stratum to plug the seams and perforation holes of the artificial cracks; and injecting fracturing fluid into the stratum, and fracturing the sleeve deformation well section according to the fracturing sequence to form an artificial fracture. The staged fracturing method for the casing-deformation complex well can realize staged fracturing on a reservoir stratum with deformed casing, fully reform all reservoir stratum sections, achieve the purpose of fracturing production increase, and simultaneously avoid construction risks caused by entering of a mechanical tool into the well.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of petroleum and natural gas yield increase, in particular to a staged fracturing method for a casing deformation complex well.
Background
At present, in the multi-section fracturing process of a plurality of casing fracturing wells, especially the fracturing of long horizontal section casings, the casings are easy to deform due to the repeated high-pressure extrusion of the casings, and even cement rings outside the deformation sections of the casings deform, so that a conventional sectional mechanical tool cannot be put down and cannot realize plugging and sectioning, as shown in fig. 1. In the conventional temporary plugging ball segmenting method, plugging segmentation can be realized in an interval far away from deformation of a casing, but in an interval close to deformation of the casing, an external cement sheath is deformed or cracked due to deformation of the casing, so that when an upper section blast hole is plugged by the temporary plugging ball, lower section construction easily breaks to the upper section at the broken part of the cement sheath and at the stress weak part which is not closed after fracture, and thus the plugging segmentation cannot be realized, as shown in fig. 2 and 3.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems that a sectional mechanical tool cannot be used, the temporary plugging ball blocks the sectional restriction and the like caused by the deformation of a casing, the invention provides a sectional fracturing method for a casing deformation complex well, which comprises the following steps:
according to the stratum physical property and the well logging data analysis result, selecting a position with the permeability, the porosity and the oil-gas saturation which are more than or equal to preset values at the casing deformation well section to perform perforation of the whole well section;
calculating a ground stress profile according to logging data, segmenting the casing deformation well section according to the magnitude of ground stress, and setting a fracturing sequence, temporary plugging and staged fracturing process parameters and temporary plugging agent consumption;
injecting a high-strength water-soluble temporary plugging agent into the stratum, wherein the high-strength water-soluble temporary plugging agent forms a temporary plugging shielding belt with extremely small permeability near a shaft to plug the joint of the artificial fracture, the perforation and the channeling of a cement sheath; when the high-strength water-soluble temporary plugging agent is used, multiple particle size combinations are required according to the size of perforation holes;
injecting fracturing fluid into the stratum, and fracturing the sleeve deformation well section according to the fracturing sequence to form an artificial fracture;
the high-strength water-soluble temporary plugging agent is generated by a chemical reaction of an acrylamide monomer and a sulfonate monomer, and is a solid small particle with viscoelasticity; the formula for calculating the dosage of the temporary plugging agent is as follows:
M＝V1*ρ1*56％V2+V2*ρ2
V1＝πH(d*Δd+Δd2)
wherein: m-temporary plugging agent mass, rho1Apparent density of temporary blocking agent, p2Volume density of temporary plugging agent, V2The hole volume, d-the external diameter of the sleeve, the H-the supporting seam height, and delta d-the filter cake thickness.
The rule for segmenting the casing deformation well section is as follows: and dividing the reservoir section with the absolute value of the ground stress difference value smaller than or equal to a preset value into the same interval.
And the fracturing sequence is set according to the sequence of the reservoir interval crustal stress from small to large.
The fracturing fluid comprises a pad fluid, a sand carrying fluid and a displacement fluid; the pad fluid is used for causing cracks in the stratum and consists of a thickening agent, a cleanup additive, a demulsifier, a clay stabilizer and a crosslinking agent; the sand-carrying fluid is used for carrying a propping agent into a stratum and filling the propping agent to a preset position; the displacement fluid is used for pressing all sand-carrying fluids in a fracturing pipe column and a ground manifold into a crack so as to avoid sand blocking.
The high-strength water-soluble temporary plugging agent is added in two ways: 1) arranging a bypass on the high-pressure manifold for presetting, and adding the bypass in the construction process; 2) the modified fracturing truck was used and added to the blending tank on the sand blender truck.
The casing deformation complex well staged fracturing method provided by the invention can realize staged fracturing of the reservoir of the casing deformation well section, so that all the reservoir sections are fully transformed, the purpose of fracturing yield increase is achieved, meanwhile, the construction risk caused by the entry of a mechanical tool into the well can be avoided, and the casing deformation complex well staged fracturing method is particularly suitable for casing fracturing wells which cannot adopt mechanical staged fracturing due to casing deformation.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of mechanical staged fracturing that cannot be achieved after deformation of a conventional casing;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a prior art cased and cased section full well perforation;
FIG. 3 is a schematic representation of staged fracturing using a temporary plugging ball after deformation of a prior art casing;
FIG. 4 is a schematic illustration of staged fracturing of a first fracture opening using a bridging agent after casing deformation in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic illustration of staged fracturing of a second fracture opening using a bridging agent after casing deformation in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic illustration of staged fracturing of a full wellbore section using a diverting agent after casing deformation in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a flow chart of a staged fracturing method for a casing-deformation complex well according to an embodiment of the invention;
reference numerals: 7-temporary plugging ball, 8-packer, 31-stratum, 32-cement sheath, 33-shaft, 34-casing change, 35-cement sheath channeling, 36-perforation hole, 37-temporary plugging agent, 38-last section of fracturing fracture before casing change, 39-first section of fracturing fracture of casing change section, 40-second section of fracturing fracture of casing change section, 41-third section of fracturing fracture of casing change section and 42-fourth section of fracturing fracture of casing change section.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Referring to fig. 7, an embodiment of the present invention provides a staged fracturing method for a casing-deformation complex well, including the following steps:
and S101, selecting a position with the permeability, the porosity and the oil-gas saturation being more than or equal to preset values at the casing deformation well section to perform perforation of the whole well section according to the stratum physical property and the well logging data analysis result.
The permeability, porosity, oil-gas saturation and the like of the stratum can be obtained from well logging interpretation results; the logging data are analyzed, and logging display results (logging mainly refers to oil gas display) are combined, so that comprehensive reservoir evaluation results, stress magnitude and other logging data analysis results can be obtained. According to the explanation result, the positions with high permeability, high porosity and high oil-gas saturation are selected for perforation in the deformed well section of the casing. In practical applications, if the permeability, the porosity and the hydrocarbon saturation are greater than or equal to certain preset values, the permeability, the porosity and the hydrocarbon saturation can be considered to be high. For example, a Suliger gas field, a permeability preset of 0.5mD (millidarcy), a porosity preset of 10%, and a gas saturation preset of 40%, where a location of a casing deformation interval may be preferred as a perforation location if the permeability, porosity, and gas saturation are greater than or equal to the preset values. It should be noted that: besides the permeability, the porosity and the oil and gas saturation of the stratum, the perforation position can be further and accurately selected by further combining parameters such as stress difference, logging oil and gas display, fracture development condition and the like, for example, the perforation position is selected from the positions with high permeability, high porosity, high oil and gas saturation, small stress difference, good logging oil and gas display and excellent fracture development, so that a well section with poor cementing quality and a casing joint hoop are avoided.
And S102, calculating a ground stress profile according to the logging data, segmenting the casing deformation well section according to the ground stress, and setting a fracturing sequence.
In practical application, the crustal stress profile is calculated by utilizing the time difference of longitudinal waves and transverse waves in the density acoustic full-logging data. And acquiring a ground stress value through the ground stress profile. Segmenting the casing deformation well section according to the magnitude of the ground stress; the segmentation rule is as follows: and dividing the reservoir section with the absolute value of the ground stress difference value smaller than or equal to a preset value into the same interval, and taking a horizontal well as an example, dividing the reservoir section with the absolute value of the ground stress difference value smaller than or equal to 1MPa into the same interval. The fracturing sequence is set according to the sequence of reservoir interval crustal stress from small to large.
And S103, setting parameters of the temporary plugging staged fracturing process and the using amount of the temporary plugging agent.
The fracturing process parameters comprise single-stage fracturing fluid amount, sand adding amount, highest sand concentration, discharge amount and the like. The formula for calculating the dosage of the temporary plugging agent is as follows:
M＝V1*ρ1*56％V2+V2*ρ2
V1＝πH(d*Δd+Δd2)
wherein: m-temporary plugging agent mass, rho1Apparent density of temporary blocking agent, p2Volume density of temporary plugging agent, V2The hole volume, d-the external diameter of the sleeve, the H-the supporting seam height, and delta d-the filter cake thickness.
And S104, injecting a high-strength water-soluble temporary plugging agent into the stratum to plug the seam and perforation of the fractured well section.
In practice, because the ground stress of the fractured well section is minimal, the high strength water soluble plugging agent will only enter the fractured well section and not the casing deformation well section according to the least resistance principle, thereby achieving plugging of the fracture openings and perforations 36 of the fractured well section fractures 38.
And S105, injecting fracturing fluid into the stratum, and fracturing the sleeve deformation well section according to the fracturing sequence to form a first artificial fracture.
In practical application, the fracturing fluid mainly comprises a pad fluid, a sand carrying fluid and a displacement fluid; the pad fluid is used for causing cracks in a stratum and comprises a thickening agent (vegetable gum or chemical high polymer), a cleanup additive, a demulsifier, a clay stabilizer, a cross-linking agent and the like; the sand carrying fluid is used for carrying a propping agent into the stratum and filling the propping agent to a preset position; the displacement fluid is used for pressing all the sand-carrying fluids in the fracturing string and the ground manifold into the crack so as to avoid sand blocking. According to the principle of minimum resistance, the fracturing fluid firstly enters the reservoir section with the minimum ground stress, and the reservoir section is fractured to form a first artificial fracture 39, as shown in fig. 4.
And S106, injecting a high-strength water-soluble temporary plugging agent into the stratum to plug the first artificial crack opening and the perforation hole.
Because the crustal stress of the well section where the first artificial fracture 39 is located is the smallest, the high-strength water-soluble temporary plugging agent only enters the well section where the artificial fracture 39 is located according to the principle of the smallest resistance, so that the sealing of the seams and perforations 36 of the fracture 39 is realized.
The high-strength water-soluble temporary plugging agent used for fracturing in the embodiment of the invention is generated by a chemical reaction of an acrylamide monomer and a sulfonate monomer, and is a solid small particle with viscoelasticity. When in use, the combination of multiple particle sizes is needed according to the size of the perforation holes. The water-soluble temporary plugging agent is added in two ways: 1) arranging a bypass on the high-pressure manifold for presetting, and adding the bypass in the construction process; 2) the modified fracturing truck was used and added to the blending tank on the sand blender truck.
After the reservoir section with the minimum ground stress is fractured to form an artificial fracture, the fracture joint and the perforation are blocked by the high-strength water-soluble temporary blocking agent, and the high-strength water-soluble temporary blocking agent forms a temporary blocking shielding belt with extremely small permeability near the shaft, so that fracturing fluid can automatically enter the next reservoir section for fracturing modification. It should be noted that: if the deformation of the casing causes the deformation of the cement sheath channeling outside the casing, the high-strength water-soluble temporary plugging agent is also used for plugging the cement sheath channeling. The high-strength water-soluble temporary plugging agent can be used for plugging a seam and a perforation hole and plugging a cement sheath channeling groove outside a casing, and the conventional temporary plugging ball segmentation technology cannot be used for plugging the cement sheath channeling groove, so that the segmentation method used in the implementation of the invention has stronger applicability and better segmentation effect on wells which cannot be mechanically segmented due to casing deformation.
And S107, injecting the fracturing fluid into the stratum again, and fracturing the sleeve deformation well section again according to the fracturing sequence to form a second artificial fracture.
According to the minimum resistance principle, when the first artificial fracture 39 is the minimum resistance section and is blocked, the secondary minimum resistance section is fractured to form a second artificial fracture 40, as shown in fig. 5.
And S108, repeatedly injecting a high-strength water-soluble temporary plugging agent and fracturing fluid into the stratum to realize plugging of the artificial crack seam and the perforation and fracturing of the artificial crack until fracturing of the casing deformation well section is completed, and performing open flow to obtain the yield.
Injecting a high-strength water-soluble temporary plugging agent into the stratum again to plug the seam and perforation of the second artificial crack 40; and injecting fracturing fluid into the stratum again, and fracturing the deformed well section of the casing again according to the fracturing sequence to form a third artificial fracture 41, as shown in figure 6. Injecting a high-strength water-soluble temporary plugging agent into the stratum again to plug the seam and perforation of the third artificial crack 41; the fracturing fluid is again injected into the formation and the casing deformation interval is again fractured according to the fracturing sequence to form a fourth artificial fracture 42, as shown in figure 6.
In order to more clearly illustrate the staged fracturing method of the casing-deformation complex well in the embodiment of the invention, specific application examples of the embodiment of the invention are listed as follows:
for example, in an X oil well in Xinjiang, the diameter of the casing is 139.7mm, the casing deformation section is 3816-3245 m, and one-section fracturing is carried out before 3950-3820m of casing deformation. By analysis, the sleeve transition sections 3301.5-3300.5m, 3346-3345m, 3391.5-3390.5m, 3434.5-3433.5m, 3479-3478m, 3524.5-3523.5m, 3574-3573m, 3619.5-3618.5m, 3664-3663m, 3709-3708m, 3753-3752m and 3798-3797m have the penetration rate of more than or equal to 1mD, the porosity of more than or equal to 10 percent and the oil saturation of more than or equal to 50 percent, which are preferred as perforation position points. Calculating the geostress according to the logging data, dividing the reservoir section with the similar geostress into the same interval, and dividing the casing strain well section into 4 sections, namely 3400-3245m, 3540-3400m, 3680-3540m and 38-3540 m16-3680m, the ground stress is 57.5-58.7MPa, 64-65.5MPa, 62-63MPa and 60-61MPa respectively, and the optimized perforation displacement is 10-12m3Min, sand adding amount 60-80m3Segment, liquid volume 800-3The dosage of the temporary plugging agent in each section is 150-240 Kg. The method comprises the following specific steps: 1) perforating the perforation position; 2) pouring 180Kg of high-strength water-soluble temporary plugging agent into a crack seam and a perforation hole of a fracturing section (3950-3820m) before plugging and changing, then injecting fracturing fluid, and fracturing according to the reservoir with the ground stress of 3400-3245m to finish the first crack; after fracturing, 200Kg of high-strength water-soluble temporary plugging agent is added to plug the crack seams and perforation holes in the sections of 3400-; fracturing, adding a high-strength water-soluble temporary plugging agent, fracturing, and completing fracturing of the rest sections of the set of variable sections according to the magnitude sequence of the ground stress.
The casing deformation complex well staged fracturing method provided by the embodiment of the invention can realize staged fracturing on the reservoir of the casing deformation well section, so that all the reservoir sections are fully improved, the purpose of fracturing production increase is achieved, meanwhile, the construction risk caused by the mechanical tool entering the well can be avoided, and the casing deformation complex well staged fracturing method is particularly suitable for casing fracturing wells which cannot adopt mechanical staged fracturing due to casing deformation.
The above-mentioned embodiments are intended to illustrate the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention in further detail, and it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are only exemplary embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A staged fracturing method for a casing-deformation complex well is characterized by comprising the following steps:
according to the stratum physical property and the well logging data analysis result, selecting a position with the permeability, the porosity and the oil-gas saturation which are more than or equal to preset values at the casing deformation well section to perform perforation of the whole well section;
calculating a ground stress profile according to logging data, segmenting the casing deformation well section according to the magnitude of ground stress, and setting a fracturing sequence, temporary plugging and staged fracturing process parameters and temporary plugging agent consumption;
injecting a high-strength water-soluble temporary plugging agent into the stratum, wherein the high-strength water-soluble temporary plugging agent forms a temporary plugging shielding belt with extremely small permeability near a shaft to plug the joint of the artificial fracture, the perforation and the channeling of a cement sheath; when the high-strength water-soluble temporary plugging agent is used, multiple particle size combinations are required according to the size of perforation holes;
injecting fracturing fluid into the stratum, and fracturing the sleeve deformation well section according to the fracturing sequence to form an artificial fracture;
the high-strength water-soluble temporary plugging agent is generated by a chemical reaction of an acrylamide monomer and a sulfonate monomer, and is a solid small particle with viscoelasticity; the formula for calculating the dosage of the temporary plugging agent is as follows:
M＝V1*ρ1*56％V2+V2*ρ2
V1＝πH(d*Δd+Δd2)
wherein: m-temporary plugging agent mass, rho1Apparent density of temporary blocking agent, p2Volume density of temporary plugging agent, V2The hole volume, d-the external diameter of the sleeve, the H-the supporting seam height, and delta d-the filter cake thickness.
2. The method of staged fracturing of a cased complex well of claim 1, wherein the staging rules for the casing deformation interval are: and dividing the reservoir section with the absolute value of the ground stress difference value smaller than or equal to a preset value into the same interval.
3. The method for staged fracturing of a casing complex well according to claim 1, wherein the fracturing sequence is set in the order of reservoir interval stress from small to large.
4. The casing complex well staged fracturing method of claim 1, wherein the fracturing fluid comprises a pad fluid, a sand-carrying fluid and a displacement fluid; the pad fluid is used for causing cracks in the stratum and consists of a thickening agent, a cleanup additive, a demulsifier, a clay stabilizer and a crosslinking agent; the sand-carrying fluid is used for carrying a propping agent into a stratum and filling the propping agent to a preset position; the displacement fluid is used for pressing all sand-carrying fluids in a fracturing pipe column and a ground manifold into a crack so as to avoid sand blocking.
5. The casing complex well staged fracturing method of claim 1, wherein the high-strength water-soluble temporary plugging agent is added in two ways: 1) arranging a bypass on the high-pressure manifold for presetting, and adding the bypass in the construction process; 2) the modified fracturing truck was used and added to the blending tank on the sand blender truck.
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| CN109763804B (en) * | 2018-12-28 | 2020-02-04 | 北京大学 | Staged temporary plugging fracturing method for horizontal well |
| CN110242269A (en) * | 2019-06-21 | 2019-09-17 | 北京捷贝通石油技术股份有限公司 | A kind of overstocked cracking method of casing deformation well chemical packer segmented body |
| CN111350481B (en) * | 2020-04-17 | 2022-11-22 | 中国石油天然气集团有限公司 | Temporary plugging steering fracturing method among horizontal well clusters and in seams |
| CN113669009B (en) * | 2020-05-13 | 2024-06-07 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Method and system for decontaminating a reverse condensation zone of a target well |
| CN111852429A (en) * | 2020-08-03 | 2020-10-30 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Segmented acid fracturing method for carbonate gas reservoir open hole horizontal well |
| CN111946321B (en) * | 2020-09-17 | 2022-11-29 | 中国石油天然气集团有限公司 | Proppant parameter design method for sand-filling temporary plugging fracturing |
| CN114718536B (en) * | 2021-01-05 | 2024-03-26 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Fracturing process adjusting method |
| CN112696184B (en) * | 2021-03-24 | 2021-06-22 | 四川省威沃敦化工有限公司 | Fracturing construction method for oil and gas well |
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| 威远区块页岩气井套变井段暂堵体积压裂技术应用实践与认识;张晓峰;《中国石油和化工标准与质量》;20161108;82-83,85页 * |
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