CN107300394A - The implementation method of fiber-optic grating sensor hardware demodulation system based on FPGA and ARM - Google Patents
The implementation method of fiber-optic grating sensor hardware demodulation system based on FPGA and ARM Download PDFInfo
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- JBRZTFJDHDCESZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N AsGa Chemical compound [As]#[Ga] JBRZTFJDHDCESZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N germanium atom Chemical compound [Ge] GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- G01D5/26—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light
- G01D5/32—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light
- G01D5/34—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells
- G01D5/353—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells influencing the transmission properties of an optical fibre
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of implementation method of the fiber-optic grating sensor hardware demodulation system based on FPGA and ARM, and step is as follows：One, build the monitoring structural health conditions hardware system of fiber-optic grating sensor；Two, design the power module of hardware system；Three, design digital-to-analogue conversion module；Four, design photoelectric conversion module；Five, design simulation digital collection module；Six, design data process module；The method being combined using FPGA and ARM, pretreatment, the generation of F P chamber drive signals and the wavelength algorithm for completing data realizes function；Pass through above step, the present invention realizes the fiber-optic grating sensor hardware demodulation system based on FPGA and ARM, the wavelength signals of fiber grating can be demodulated, in addition, each function package into module, is simplified possible individually commissioning test between the design work of system, each module by hardware system, it is easy to reduce system complexity, makes the simple operations such as system upgrade, debugging and maintenance.
Description
Technical field
The present invention provide it is a kind of based on field programmable gate array (i.e. Field-Programmable Gate Array,
Hereinafter referred to as FPGA) and microprocessor ARM (i.e. Acorn RISC Machine, hereinafter referred to as ARM) fiber-optic grating sensor
The implementation method of hardware demodulation system, including power module, digital-to-analogue conversion module, photoelectric conversion module, simulation numeral are adopted
Collect module, data processing module, the demodulation to optic fiber grating wavelength data can be realized, belong to structural health monitoring technology neck
Domain.
Background technology
Fiber-optic grating sensor is due to excellent with electromagnetism interference, high, the intrinsic passive, easy care of anticorrosive, sensitivity etc.
Point, with the development of Fiber Bragg Grating technology, makes it in various large-scale electromechanics, petrochemical industry, strong electromagnetic, inflammable, explosive, strong
Increasingly it is widely applied in corrosive environment.The cardinal principle of fiber-optic grating sensor is that the wavelength of fiber grating can be because outer
The change of boundary's environment and change, therefore, the key of Fiber Bragg Grating technology is the design of optical fiber grating regulating system.
In existing fiber-optic grating sensor hardware demodulation system, processing system often uses single-processor, causes
The parallel processing capability of optical fiber grating regulating system, real-time are poor, and complexity is communicated with piece external expansion memory and with peripheral hardware,
In addition, integrated system, which is not easy to system, the operation such as is upgraded, debugged and is safeguarded.Based on above present situation and problem, this hair
It is bright to propose a kind of implementation method of the fiber-optic grating sensor hardware demodulation system based on FPGA and ARM.
The content of the invention
(1) purpose of the present invention is：
A kind of implementation method of the fiber-optic grating sensor hardware demodulation system based on FPGA and ARM, to realize to optical fiber
The demodulation of grating wavelength, while using modular encapsulation, simplifying the operations such as system design, debugging and maintenance.
(2) its concrete technical scheme is as follows：
A kind of implementation method of the fiber-optic grating sensor hardware demodulation system based on FPGA and ARM of the present invention, it includes
Following steps：
Step one, the monitoring structural health conditions hardware system of fiber-optic grating sensor is built, is determined used in hardware system
Development board, programming language and processor；
Step 2, designs the power module of hardware system, input voltage is provided for the modules of hardware system；
Step 3, design digital-to-analogue conversion module (Fabry-Perot cavity drive module)；Digital-to-analogue conversion mould
Block converts digital signals into analog signal, finally produces sawtooth waveforms；
Step 4, designs photoelectric conversion module；The optical signal of fiber-optic grating sensor is converted into electricity by photoelectric conversion module
Signal is flowed, logafier is recycled, current signal is converted into voltage signal；
Step 5, design simulation digital collection module；Optical analog digital collection module believes the light of fiber-optic grating sensor
Number be converted into electric signal, then enter horizontal electrical signal conditioning, filter and realize digital-to-analogue conversion (i.e. Digital to Analog, below
Abbreviation AD), analog signal is converted into data signal；
Step 6, design data process module；The method being combined using FPGA and ARM, the main pre- place for completing data
Reason, the generation of F-P cavity drive signal and wavelength algorithm realize function.
Wherein, " the monitoring structural health conditions hardware system for building fiber-optic grating sensor " described in step one, refers to
Using model XC7Z020-1CLG484I integrated development board Miz702 (Nanjing rice connection electronics), the integrated development board is used
The platform that FPGA and arm processor are combined, and version is used for " Vivado 2015.4 " exploitation software carries out hardware system
Exploitation.
Wherein, " power module of design hardware system " described in step 2, refers to provide 5 volts, 12 volts, -12 volts
With 33 volts of voltages, the wherein input voltage of system is 24 volts.
24 volts of input voltages are depressured to 14 volts using TPS5430 chips, then using LT1763 chips by 14 volts of voltages
Then 14V voltages are reduced to 6.5 volts by voltage stabilizing again to 12 volts, with LT1763-5 chips by 6.5 volts of voltage voltage stabilizings to 5 volts；It is right
In the acquisition of -12 volt circuits, use MAX766 phase-veversal switches voltage-stablizer by 6.5 volts of voltage conversions obtained above for -15 volts, so
Negative voltage, low power stabilized device LT1964-1 are utilized afterwards by voltage stabilization to -12 volts；Finally utilize phase-veversal switch voltage-stablizer
MC33063 by obtain 6.5 volts of boost in voltage to 36 volts, then with difference linear constant voltage regulator LT3010 by voltage stabilization to 33 volts.
Wherein, " design digital-to-analogue conversion module (the Fabry-Perot cavity driving mould described in step 3
Block) ", refer to provide reference voltage using voltage voltage stabilizing chip REF5025, the digital-to-analogue with the use of model DAC8830 turns
Change chip and carry out digital-to-analogue conversion.
Wherein, " the design photoelectric conversion module " described in step 4, refers to utilize InGaAs types PIN diode by light
The optical signal of fiber grating sensor is converted into current signal, recycles logafier AD8304 that current signal is converted into voltage
Signal.
Wherein, " the design simulation digital collection module " described in step 5, refers to the height using model AD9244
Fast AD acquisition chips carry out data acquisition, and sample frequency is 5MHz.
Wherein, " design data process module " described in step 6, refers to the side being combined using FPGA and ARM
Method, the signal of FPGA high speed and real time sampling fiber-optic grating sensors carries out finding peak after second-order lag filtering in real time, so
Peak-location information is transferred to ARM ends by internal AXI bus protocols afterwards, the demodulation of optic fiber grating wavelength is realized；After demodulation
Optic fiber grating wavelength information packed at ARM ends, computer terminal is sent to by network communication protocol (ICP/IP protocol)
Processing.
By above step, the fiber-optic grating sensor hardware demodulation system based on FPGA and ARM is realized, can be to light
The wavelength signals of fine grating are demodulated, in addition, hardware system by each function package into module, simplify the design work of system
Make, between each module can independent commissioning test, be easy to reduce system complexity, make system upgrade, debugging and safeguard etc. that operation is simple
Dan Hua.
(3) the advantage of the invention is that：
The wavelength signals of fiber grating can be demodulated by fiber-optic grating sensor hardware demodulation system, present invention knot
FPGA and ARM is closed, hardware demodulation system does not only have powerful Parallel signal processing ability, reply control complexity is low, data
With stronger advantage during the big computing of amount, and signal discrete process in piece with high reliability.Arm processor with
FPGA programmable gate arrays are combined, and serial and concurrent disposal ability is strong, have played fpga logic control to mass data
The characteristics of carrying out advantage and the flexible ARM software programmings of high speed processing.The present invention realized using AXI bus protocols ARM and
FPGA communication, this not only simplifies the communication between ARM and FPGA, also makes piece external expansion memory and communicates with peripheral hardware to become
Obtain relatively easy, the FPGA based on ARM can carry out dynamic configuration to logical resource, and flexibly rapidly systemic-function is cut
Change, save logical resource, disclosure satisfy that the demand of large-scale application.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 the method for the invention flow charts.
Fig. 2 digital-to-analogue conversions module (Fabry-Perot cavity drive module) is designed.
The design of Fig. 3 photoelectric conversion modules.
Fig. 4 data processing modules are designed.
Fig. 5 demodulation results are shown.
Sequence number, symbol, code name are described as follows in figure：
In Fig. 1：" F-P cavity " is Fabry-Perot cavity；" FPGA " is field programmable gate array；" ARM " is
Acorn RISC Machine。
In Fig. 2：" DA " changes for digital analogue signal.
In Fig. 3：" PIN " is PIN photodiode.
In Fig. 4：" AD " changes for analog and digital signal；" SPI " is standard serial peripheral interface agreement.
Embodiment
A kind of implementation method of the fiber-optic grating sensor hardware demodulation system based on FPGA and ARM of the present invention, is shown in Fig. 1 institutes
Show, it is comprised the following steps that：
Step one, development board, programming language and processor that hardware system is used are determined.The present invention uses model
XC7Z020-1CLG484I integrated development board Miz702 (Nanjing rice connection electronics), the integrated development board is using at FPGA and ARM
The platform that reason device is combined, and version is used for " Vivado 2015.4 " exploitation software is developed；
Step 2, the design of power module.Analog-to-digital conversion (i.e. Analog to Digital, below letter used in the present invention
Claim AD) module such as chip, digital-to-analogue conversion (i.e. Digital to Analog, hereinafter referred to as DA) chip, photodetection circuit needs
Input voltage is provided.Power module mainly provides 5 volts, 12 volts, -12 volts and 33 volts of voltages in system.The input of wherein system is electric
Press as 24 volts.
24 volts of input voltages are depressured to 14 volts using TPS5430 chips by the present invention, then using LT1763 chips by 14
Voltage voltage stabilizing is lied prostrate to 12 volts, 14V voltages are then reduced to 6.5 volts again, with LT1763-5 chips by 6.5 volts of voltage voltage stabilizings to 5
Volt.For the acquisition of -12 volt circuits, use MAX766 phase-veversal switches voltage-stablizer by 6.5 volts of voltage conversions obtained above for -15
Volt, then utilizes negative voltage, low power stabilized device LT1964-1 by voltage stabilization to -12 volts.Finally utilize phase-veversal switch voltage stabilizing
Device MC33063 by obtain 6.5 volts of boost in voltage to 36 volts, then with difference linear constant voltage regulator LT3010 by voltage stabilization to 33
Volt.
Step 3, digital-to-analogue conversion module (Fabry-Perot cavity drive module) design, as shown in Figure 2.By number
Word signal, which is converted into analog signal, is used for Fabry-Perot cavity (i.e. F-P cavity), and drive signal, which is produced, includes the generation of data
With the transmission of data, data produce the input signal for referring to and producing a series of loop-around data as F-P cavity driving plate, produced simultaneously
A series of sequential are used to realize the functions such as AD collections, peak-seeking algorithm, system initialization.Data are sent to refer to and set with standard serial periphery
Standby interface protocol (i.e. Serial Peripheral interface, abbreviation SPI protocol) passes through the data of data generating module
The reserved user IO of development board is sent to F-P cavity driving plate, the sawtooth waveforms drive signal to produce rule.
F-P cavity driving plate provides reference voltage using voltage voltage stabilizing chip REF5025, with the use of model
DAC8830 analog-digital chip carries out digital-to-analogue conversion, and the precision of wherein reference voltage voltage stabilizing chip logarithmic mode conversion rises
Conclusive effect.Digital-to-analogue conversion is carried out according to below equation：
Wherein DINFor digital quantity, span is 0-65535, is produced, is transmitted through SPI protocol by software；VREFOn the basis of electricity
Pressure value.So the output accuracy of digital-to-analogue conversion is mainly determined by the digit of chip with reference voltage.
In order to avoid driving voltage is loaded into the influence that distortion and decrease higher level's circuit are produced in F-P cavity to F-P cavity, this hair
Bright use model OPA277 voltage follow chip design voltage follows circuit.In addition, also using model OPA551 electricity
Press large chip and sawtooth waveforms is amplified to the requirement for meeting F-P cavity drive signal voltage magnitude.
Step 4, the design of photoelectric conversion module needs to meet that light-to-current inversion ability is strong, response speed is sensitive, reliability
Good, stability height etc. requires that design cycle is as shown in Figure 3.Photoelectric conversion module changes the optical signal of fiber-optic grating sensor
Into current signal, logafier is recycled, current signal is converted into voltage signal.
By the contrast of the performance parameter of photoelectricity testing part, as shown in table 1, the present invention have selected PIN photodiode
For the device of opto-electronic conversion, the performance to the PIN diode of Si, Ge, InGaAs three types makes contrast on this basis, such as
Shown in table 2, the photodiode for finally selecting InGaAs types PIN diode to be used as the present invention.
Because the method for the invention only needs to obtain peak-location information, so the telecommunications exported for photodiode
Number using logafier " AD8304 " be amplified, finally give voltage signal corresponding with optical signal.
The performance parameter contrast of the photoelectricity testing part of table 1
Note：" T " writes a Chinese character in simplified form for time response；" D " writes a Chinese character in simplified form for noise characteristic.
The performance comparison of the PIN diode of table 2Si, Ge, InGaAs three types
| Material | Response wave length (mm) | Responsiveness peak (A/W) | Response time (ns) |
| Si-PIN | 400-1100 | 0.6 | 0.5-1.0 |
| Ge-PIN | 800-1650 | 0.5 | 0.1-0.5 |
| InGaAs-PIN | 1100-1700 | 0.9 | 0.05-0.5 |
Note：" Si-PIN " is silicon PIN photoelectric diode；" Ge-PIN " is germanium PIN photodiode；" InGaAs-PIN " is
Indium gallium arsenic PIN photodiode.
Step 5, the design of AD acquisition modules.The optical signal of fiber grating is by turning into electric signal after photoelectric conversion module, so
Electric signal is nursed one's health afterwards, filtered and AD collections are carried out, analog signal is converted into data signal.The present invention uses model
AD9244 high-speed AD acquisition chip carries out data acquisition, and sample frequency is 5MHz.
Step 6, the method that data processing module design is combined using FPGA and ARM, as shown in figure 4, mainly completing number
According to the function such as pretreatment, the generation of F-P cavity drive signal and the realization of wavelength algorithm.The demodulation of fiber grating mainly includes
In the peak-seeking algorithm and the Wavelength demodulation algorithm at ARM ends of FPGA portion.The letter of FPGA high speed and real time sampling fiber-optic grating sensors
Number, carry out finding peak after second-order lag filtering in real time, then pass peak-location information by internal AXI bus protocols
It is defeated to arrive ARM ends, realize the demodulation of optic fiber grating wavelength.Optic fiber grating wavelength information after demodulation needs to be packed at ARM ends,
Computer terminal is sent to by network communication protocol (ICP/IP protocol) to be further processed, demodulation result is as shown in Figure 5.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of implementation method of the fiber-optic grating sensor hardware demodulation system based on FPGA and ARM, it is characterised in that：It is wrapped
Include following steps：
Step one, the monitoring structural health conditions hardware system of fiber-optic grating sensor is built, exploitation used in hardware system is determined
Plate, programming language and processor；
Step 2, designs the power module of hardware system, input voltage is provided for the modules of hardware system；
Step 3, design digital-to-analogue conversion module is Fabry-Perot cavity drive module；Digital-to-analogue conversion module will
Data signal is converted into analog signal, finally produces sawtooth waveforms；
Step 4, designs photoelectric conversion module；The optical signal of fiber-optic grating sensor is converted into electric current letter by photoelectric conversion module
Number, logafier is recycled, current signal is converted into voltage signal；
Step 5, design simulation digital collection module；Optical analog digital collection module turns the optical signal of fiber-optic grating sensor
Change electric signal into, then enter horizontal electrical signal conditioning, filter and realize digital-to-analogue conversion i.e. AD conversion, analog signal is converted into numeral
Signal；
Step 6, design data process module；The method being combined using FPGA and ARM, completes pretreatment, the F-P cavity of data
The generation of drive signal and wavelength algorithm realize function；
By above step, the fiber-optic grating sensor hardware demodulation system based on FPGA and ARM is realized, can be to optical fiber light
The wavelength signals of grid are demodulated, in addition, hardware system by each function package into module, simplify the design work of system,
The independent commissioning test of energy between each module, is easy to reduce system complexity, makes system upgrade, debugging and maintenance etc. simple to operate
Change.
2. a kind of realization of fiber-optic grating sensor hardware demodulation system based on FPGA and ARM according to claim 1
Method, it is characterised in that：
The monitoring structural health conditions hardware system for building fiber-optic grating sensor described in step one refers to use model
XC7Z020-1CLG484I integrated development board Miz702, the integrated development board is using putting down that FPGA and arm processor are combined
Platform, and version is used for " Vivado 2015.4 " exploitation software carries out the exploitation of hardware system.
3. a kind of realization of fiber-optic grating sensor hardware demodulation system based on FPGA and ARM according to claim 1
Method, it is characterised in that：
The power module of design hardware system described in step 2 refers to provide 5 volts, 12 volts, -12 volts and 33 volts of voltages, its
The input voltage of middle system is 24 volts；
24 volts of input voltages are depressured to 14 volts using TPS5430 chips, then using LT1763 chips by 14 volts of voltage voltage stabilizings
To 12 volts, 14V voltages are then reduced to 6.5 volts again, with LT1763-5 chips by 6.5 volts of voltage voltage stabilizings to 5 volts；For -12
The acquisition of circuit is lied prostrate, uses MAX766 phase-veversal switches voltage-stablizer by 6.5 volts of voltage conversions obtained above for -15 volts, Ran Houli
With negative voltage, low power stabilized device LT1964-1 by voltage stabilization to -12 volts；Finally utilize phase-veversal switch voltage-stablizer MC33063
By obtain 6.5 volts of boost in voltage to 36 volts, then with difference linear constant voltage regulator LT3010 by voltage stabilization to 33 volts.
4. a kind of realization of fiber-optic grating sensor hardware demodulation system based on FPGA and ARM according to claim 1
Method, it is characterised in that：
Design digital-to-analogue conversion module described in step 3 is that Fabry-Perot cavity drive module refers to using electricity
Press voltage stabilizing chip REF5025 to provide reference voltage, digital mould is carried out with the use of model DAC8830 analog-digital chip
Intend conversion.
5. a kind of realization of fiber-optic grating sensor hardware demodulation system based on FPGA and ARM according to claim 1
Method, it is characterised in that：
Design photoelectric conversion module described in step 4 refers to utilize InGaAs types PIN diode by fiber-optic grating sensor
Optical signal be converted into current signal, recycle logafier AD8304 that current signal is converted into voltage signal.
6. a kind of realization of fiber-optic grating sensor hardware demodulation system based on FPGA and ARM according to claim 1
Method, it is characterised in that：
Design simulation digital collection module described in step 5 refers to the high-speed AD acquisition chip using model AD9244
Data acquisition is carried out, sample frequency is 5MHz.
7. a kind of realization of fiber-optic grating sensor hardware demodulation system based on FPGA and ARM according to claim 1
Method, it is characterised in that：
Design data process module described in step 6 refers to the method being combined using FPGA and ARM, and FPGA is real at a high speed
When gather fiber-optic grating sensor signal, carry out second-order lag filtering after in real time find peak, then by peak
Information is transferred to ARM ends by internal AXI bus protocols, realizes the demodulation of optic fiber grating wavelength；Fiber grating ripple after demodulation
Long message is packed at ARM ends, is that ICP/IP protocol is sent to computer terminal processing by network communication protocol.
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Cited By (5)
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| CN109459073A (en) * | 2018-12-25 | 2019-03-12 | 电子科技大学 | A kind of demodulating system and demodulation method of fibre optical sensor |
| CN109506685A (en) * | 2018-12-07 | 2019-03-22 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七二四研究所 | A kind of design method of the fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator based on FPGA+ARM |
| CN109798925A (en) * | 2019-01-15 | 2019-05-24 | 太原理工大学 | A kind of adjustable matched FBG demodulating equipment of range |
| CN110160628A (en) * | 2019-06-20 | 2019-08-23 | 山东大学 | A kind of demodulating system and method for optical fiber raster vibration signal |
| CN113784043A (en) * | 2021-08-26 | 2021-12-10 | 昆山丘钛微电子科技股份有限公司 | Camera module control circuit, camera module control method, camera module and electronic equipment |
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| CN109798925B (en) * | 2019-01-15 | 2021-01-19 | 太原理工大学 | Range-adjustable matched grating demodulation device |
| CN110160628A (en) * | 2019-06-20 | 2019-08-23 | 山东大学 | A kind of demodulating system and method for optical fiber raster vibration signal |
| CN113784043A (en) * | 2021-08-26 | 2021-12-10 | 昆山丘钛微电子科技股份有限公司 | Camera module control circuit, camera module control method, camera module and electronic equipment |
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