CN103245369A - Novel fiber bragg grating demodulation method and system thereof based on multi-longitudinal mode F-P laser device - Google Patents
Novel fiber bragg grating demodulation method and system thereof based on multi-longitudinal mode F-P laser device Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a novel fiber bragg grating demodulation method and a system thereof based on a multi-longitudinal mode F-P laser device. The system comprises the multi-longitudinal mode F-P laser device, an optical fiber coupler, fiber bragg gratings, a DWDM (dense wavelength division multiplexing) device, a photoelectric detector, a DSP (digital signal processor) module, a central control and display unit and a power control unit which is connected with the multi-longitudinal mode F-P laser device, wherein lasers sent by the multi-longitudinal mode F-P laser device enter the fiber bragg gratings through the optical fiber coupler; signals output by the fiber bragg gratings enter the DWDM device with matched wavelengths after transmitted by optical fibers, and output optical signals are received by the photoelectric detector and converted into voltage signals; and the voltage signals are calculated and controlled by the DSP signal processing module, so that demodulation signals are acquired; and the demodulation signals are sent to the central control and display unit for judgment and operation and are provided for peripheral equipment for display through a serial port. The method and the system have the benefits as follows: the multi-longitudinal mode F-P laser device is matched with the DSP signal processing module, so that high-speed dynamic demodulation and multiplex of grating signals are realized, and the demodulation cost is reduced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the method and apparatus of fiber grating dynamic demodulation, be specifically related to a kind of novel fiber grating demodulation method and system thereof based on many longitudinal modes F-P laser instrument.
Background technology
Fiber-optic grating sensor is the more a kind of novel sensor of Recent study, and it is little and celebrated with high sensitivity, intrinsic safety, anti-electromagnetic interference (EMI), high insulation resistance, volume.The main obstacle of limit fibre grating sensor application at present is that the demodulation cost of transducing signal is too high.Existing demodulation method totally can be divided into two classes: wide spectrum light source+narrow band filter and narrow-band tunable light source demodulation method.Because narrow-band tunable light source demodulation method is in stability, tunable range, modulation difficulty and all have shortcoming in price; Therefore the demodulation method of wide spectrum light source+narrow band filter is used more general.The wide spectrum light source demodulation method mainly contains two kinds of filter method and interferometric methods, and wherein filter method mainly contains: linear filtering method, tunable F-P filters demodulate method and coupling grating demodulation method; Interferometric method mainly contains Sagnac interferometer, non-equilibrium Michelson interferometer and non-equilibrium M-Z interferometer demodulation method.But all there are two subject matters in above-mentioned demodulation method: 1, adopt expensive wide spectrum light source and narrow band filter, increased to a great extent and be demodulated to this; 2, the intrinsic dynamo-electric modulated structure of narrow band filter makes that the response speed of system is low, generally below 200Hz, only is applicable to the detection of low frequency signal.
Summary of the invention
Technical matters to be solved by this invention is the deficiency that exists at above-mentioned prior art, a kind of novel fiber grating demodulation method and system thereof based on many longitudinal modes F-P laser instrument is provided, adopt many longitudinal modes F-P laser instrument and DSP signal processing module cheaply, realize that dynamic, high speed solution is in harmonious proportion multiplexing.
The present invention solves the problems of the technologies described above the technical scheme that adopts to be:
Novel fiber grating demodulation method based on many longitudinal modes F-P laser instrument may further comprise the steps:
(1) laser that adopts many longitudinal modes F-P laser instrument to send enters fiber grating through fiber coupler;
(2) monitor the real-time size of the supply electric current of many longitudinal modes of control F-P laser instrument of fluctuation of the luminous power of many longitudinal modes F-P laser instrument by power control unit, guarantee the stable of many longitudinal modes F-P laser instrument Output optical power;
(3) by the signal of fiber grating output, through the laggard DWDM dense wave division multiplexer of going into the wavelength coupling of fiber coupler or Optical Fiber Transmission, the light signal of output receives through photodetector, converts voltage signal to;
(4) voltage signal of step (3) acquisition is amplified into the A/D analog to digital converter through preposition amplification chip and is converted into digital signal, and digital signal is undertaken carrying out computing and control processing acquisition restituted signal by dsp chip again after the filtering low-frequency noise is handled in filtering by wave filter;
(5) restituted signal that obtains of step (4) sends to central authorities' control by serial ports and judges, operates with display unit and provide peripheral hardware to show.
In such scheme, power control unit is a kind of luminous power feedback control circuit in the described step (2), the Output optical power of many longitudinal modes F-P laser instrument, by built-in monitoring backlight with photodetector or external power monitoring photodetector, at first carry out opto-electronic conversion, obtain corresponding electric signal via the A/D analog to digital converter, send into single-chip microcomputer and carry out computing, and compare, judge with initial value; Be converted to control signal by the D/A digital to analog converter then, power control unit is controlled the size of the supply electric current of many longitudinal modes F-P laser instrument according to the fluctuation of control signal, guarantees the stable of many longitudinal modes F-P laser instrument Output optical power.
According to said method, the present invention also provides a kind of optical fiber grating regulating system based on many longitudinal modes F-P laser instrument, comprise many longitudinal modes F-P laser instrument, fiber coupler, fiber grating, the DWDM dense wave division multiplexer, photodetector, the DSP signal processing module, central authorities' control and display unit and the power control unit that links to each other with many longitudinal modes F-P laser instrument, the output terminal of described many longitudinal modes F-P laser instrument is connected with the input port A of fiber coupler, the output port C of fiber coupler is connected with fiber grating, the input end of the input port B of fiber coupler and DWDM dense wave division multiplexer connects to form the optical channel of signal, the output terminal of DWDM dense wave division multiplexer connects photodetector successively, DSP signal processing module and central authorities' control and display unit, described power control unit places on the light source control plate of many longitudinal modes F-P laser instrument.
In such scheme, it is 1545nm that described many longitudinal modes F-P laser instrument is selected peak wavelength for use, live width is the butterfly F-P semiconductor laser of 0.3nm, butterfly F-P semiconductor laser is provided with built in light electric explorer, thermistor and temperature controller, the built in light electric explorer adopts PN junction type photodiode, place F-P laser instrument inside, be used for receiving dorsad light signal and be converted to electric signal, electricity output monitoring pin is provided; Thermistor and temperature controller provide temperature monitoring output and temperature control current input pin respectively, more than the corresponding connection with power control unit of all pins.
In such scheme, described fiber coupler adopts three-dB coupler or circulator.
In such scheme, described photodetector is selected coaxial tail fiber type PIN photodiode for use.
In such scheme, described DSP signal processing module comprises preposition amplification chip, A/D analog to digital converter, wave filter and dsp chip;
Described preposition amplification chip is used for and will amplifies through the voltage signal that photodetector receives, and selects logarithmic amplifier AD0834 for use;
The voltage signal that described A/D analog to digital converter is used for amplifying is converted to digital signal;
Described wave filter is used for that above-mentioned digital signal is carried out filtering and handles the filtering low-frequency noise;
Described dsp chip is a kind of high-speed programmable central processing unit, is used for realizing filtered digital signal is carried out computing and transmit control obtaining restituted signal.
In such scheme, the restituted signal that the DSP signal processing module that the control of described central authorities and display unit are used for that serial ports is received obtains is judged, is operated and provides peripheral hardware to show.
In such scheme, described power control unit is a kind of luminous power feedback control circuit, be used for the real-time size of controlling the supply electric current of many longitudinal modes F-P laser instrument of fluctuation according to the luminous power of many longitudinal modes F-P laser instrument of monitoring, guarantee the stable of many longitudinal modes F-P laser instrument Output optical power.
Principle of work of the present invention is:
The laser that many longitudinal modes F-P laser instrument sends enters fiber grating through three-dB coupler; Return the signal of three-dB coupler by fiber grating reflection or transmission, through the laggard DWDM dense wave division multiplexer of going into the wavelength coupling of Optical Fiber Transmission, the light signal of output receives through photodetector, converts voltage signal to again; Voltage signal is handled through the DSP signal processing module and is obtained restituted signal, specifically be subdivided into voltage signal and earlier be amplified into the A/D analog to digital converter by preposition amplification chip, for the filtering low-frequency noise, carry out filtering by wave filter and handle the filtering low-frequency noise, carry out computing and control processing acquisition restituted signal by dsp processor again; Restituted signal sends to central authorities control by serial ports and shows with display unit and control.
The reflectance spectrum (or transmission spectrum) of supposing fiber grating is expressed as S (λ), and line style is Gaussian distribution, and the transmission spectrum of DWDM dense wave division multiplexer is expressed as T (λ), if the F-P laser instrument is that desirable wide spectrum light source and intensity are I
0, then the luminous power of photodetector reception is: P=∫ α I
0S (λ) T (λ) d λ, in the formula, α is the overall attenuation that factors such as DWDM dense wave division multiplexer splitting ratio, optical path loss cause, and can be similar to think irrelevant with wavelength X.
When adopting many longitudinal modes F-P laser instrument to be light source, the adjacent longitudinal mode spacing of many longitudinal modes F-P laser instrument is generally about 100～300GHz) at 1～3nm(, and the longitudinal mode half breadth is about 0.5nm.Suppose the single longitudinal mode spectral line approximate Gaussian distribution of many longitudinal modes F-P laser instrument, then the luminous power of photodetector reception is modified to: P=∫ α I
0(λ) S (λ) T (λ) d λ, at this moment, I
0(λ) be the function of wavelength X; If a certain longitudinal mode wavelength of fiber grating centre wavelength and many longitudinal modes F-P laser instrument is complementary, and be in this longitudinal mode negative edge, then when drift takes place fiber grating wavelength under outer field action, Output optical power will produce the linear response of correspondence.Therefore, as long as measure the changing value of Output optical power, can push away the drift value that obtains fiber grating centre wavelength by formula is counter, thereby obtain the testing result of tested external parameter.Be that temperature is example with tested external parameter: when temperature variation, grating output wavelength generation respective change causes the linear change of Output optical power, and the variable quantity of then measuring Output optical power can obtain the corresponding temperature change value.
Compare with the fiber grating demodulation method of other types, the present invention has following beneficial effect:
1, adopt many longitudinal modes F-P laser instrument as light source, the high speed dynamic demodulation of cooperation DSP signal processing module realization grating signal and multiplexing, because adopt many longitudinal modes F-P laser instrument of line width, the luminous power of unit wavelength correspondence improves greatly, system cost descends and the sensitivity raising;
2, suitably select a plurality of longitudinal modes of F-P laser instrument fiber grating reflection wavelength and the live width of correspondence respectively, can realize many gratings multiplexing demodulation easily, further reduce the demodulation cost, and be not subject to electromagnetic interference (EMI), demodulation sensitivity also can obtain bigger raising;
3, adopt the DSP signal processing module, do not have dynamo-electric structural design simultaneously, can realize the high speed of tens KHz, measurement in real time, satisfy most of application demands.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is system construction drawing of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the output spectrum synoptic diagram of many longitudinal modes F-P laser instrument of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is many longitudinal modes F-P laser instrument and wide spectrum light source contrast and experiment synoptic diagram.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples technical scheme of the present invention is further described in detail.
With reference to shown in Figure 1, optical fiber grating regulating system based on many longitudinal modes F-P laser instrument of the present invention, comprise many longitudinal modes F-P laser instrument, fiber coupler, fiber grating, the DWDM dense wave division multiplexer, photodetector, the DSP signal processing module, central authorities' control and display unit and the power control unit that links to each other with many longitudinal modes F-P laser instrument, the output terminal of described many longitudinal modes F-P laser instrument is connected with the input port A of fiber coupler, the output port C of fiber coupler is connected with fiber grating, the input end of the input port B of fiber coupler and DWDM dense wave division multiplexer connects to form the optical channel of signal, the output terminal of DWDM dense wave division multiplexer connects photodetector successively, DSP signal processing module and central authorities' control and display unit, described power control unit places on the light source control plate of many longitudinal modes F-P laser instrument.
It is 1545nm that described many longitudinal modes F-P laser instrument is selected peak wavelength for use, live width is the butterfly F-P semiconductor laser of 0.3nm, butterfly F-P semiconductor laser is provided with built in light electric explorer, thermistor and temperature controller, the built in light electric explorer adopts PN junction type photodiode, place F-P laser instrument inside, be used for receiving dorsad light signal and be converted to electric signal, electricity output monitoring pin is provided; Thermistor and temperature controller provide temperature monitoring output and temperature control current input pin respectively, more than the corresponding connection with power control unit of all pins.
Described fiber coupler adopts three-dB coupler or circulator.
Described fiber grating adopts optical fiber bragg grating FBG.
Described photodetector is selected coaxial tail fiber type PIN photodiode for use.
Described DSP signal processing module comprises preposition amplification chip, A/D analog to digital converter, wave filter and dsp chip;
Described preposition amplification chip is used for and will amplifies through the voltage signal that photodetector receives, and selects logarithmic amplifier AD0834 for use;
The voltage signal that described A/D analog to digital converter is used for amplifying is converted to digital signal, be a kind of be the general-purpose device of digital signal with analog signal conversion, select the AD7708 chip of U.S. ADI company for use;
Described wave filter is used for that above-mentioned digital signal is carried out filtering and handles the filtering low-frequency noise;
Described dsp chip is a kind of high-speed programmable central processing unit, be used for realizing filtered digital signal is carried out computing and transmit control obtaining restituted signal, dsp chip adopts the TMS320F2812 chip of TI, two passages of can concurrently sampling simultaneously, and each passage has 6 12 A/D modular converters.
The restituted signal that the DSP signal processing module that the control of described central authorities and display unit are used for that serial ports is received obtains is judged, is operated and provides peripheral hardware to show.
Described power control unit is a kind of luminous power feedback control circuit, be used for the real-time size of controlling the supply electric current of many longitudinal modes F-P laser instrument of fluctuation according to the luminous power of many longitudinal modes F-P laser instrument of monitoring, guarantee the stable of many longitudinal modes F-P laser instrument Output optical power.
The method that the novel fiber grating demodulating system that the present invention is based on many longitudinal modes F-P laser instrument is carried out demodulation is as follows:
(1) laser that sends of many longitudinal modes F-P laser instrument enters fiber grating through three-dB coupler;
(2) monitor the real-time size of the supply electric current of many longitudinal modes of control F-P laser instrument of fluctuation of the luminous power of many longitudinal modes F-P laser instrument by power control unit, guarantee the stable of many longitudinal modes F-P laser instrument Output optical power, the concrete course of work is as follows: the Output optical power of many longitudinal modes F-P laser instrument, by built-in monitoring backlight with photodetector or external power monitoring photodetector, at first carry out opto-electronic conversion, obtain corresponding electric signal via the A/D analog to digital converter, send into single-chip microcomputer and carry out computing, and compare, judge with initial value; Be converted to control signal by the D/A digital to analog converter then, power control unit is controlled the size of the supply electric current of many longitudinal modes F-P laser instrument according to the fluctuation of control signal, guarantees the stable of many longitudinal modes F-P laser instrument Output optical power;
(3) by the signal of fiber grating reflection (or transmission), through three-dB coupler or through the laggard DWDM dense wave division multiplexer of going into the wavelength coupling of Optical Fiber Transmission, the light signal of output receives through photodetector, converts voltage signal to;
(4) voltage signal is handled through the DSP signal processing module and is obtained restituted signal, specifically be subdivided into voltage signal and be converted into digital signal by the A/D analog to digital converter that is amplified into of preposition amplification chip earlier, for the filtering low-frequency noise, digital signal is carried out filtering by wave filter and is handled the filtering low-frequency noise, carries out computing and control processing acquisition restituted signal by dsp chip again;
(5) restituted signal sends to central authorities control by serial ports and judges, operates with display unit and provide peripheral hardware to show.
The reflectance spectrum (or transmission spectrum) of supposing fiber grating is expressed as S (λ), and line style is Gaussian distribution, and the transmission spectrum of DWDM dense wave division multiplexer is expressed as T (λ), if the F-P laser instrument is that desirable wide spectrum light source and intensity are I
0, then the luminous power of photodetector reception is: P=∫ α I
0S (λ) T (λ) d λ, in the formula, α is the overall attenuation that factors such as DWDM dense wave division multiplexer splitting ratio, optical path loss cause, and can be similar to think irrelevant with wavelength X.
When adopting many longitudinal modes F-P laser instrument to be light source, the output spectrum of many longitudinal modes F-P laser instrument as shown in Figure 2, the adjacent longitudinal mode spacing of many longitudinal modes F-P laser instrument is generally about 100～300GHz) at 1～3nm(, the longitudinal mode half breadth is about 0.5nm.Suppose the single longitudinal mode spectral line approximate Gaussian distribution of many longitudinal modes F-P laser instrument, then the luminous power of photodetector reception is modified to: P=∫ α I
0(λ) S (λ) T (λ) d λ, at this moment, I
0(λ) be the function of wavelength X; If a certain longitudinal mode wavelength of fiber grating centre wavelength and many longitudinal modes F-P laser instrument is complementary, and be in this longitudinal mode negative edge, then when drift took place fiber grating wavelength under outer field action, Output optical power was with corresponding generation linear response.Therefore, as long as measure the changing value of Output optical power, can push away the drift value that obtains fiber grating centre wavelength by formula is counter, thereby obtain the testing result of tested external parameter.
During temperature experiment, every one group of data of 2 ℃ of measurements, for relatively adopting many longitudinal modes F-P light source and wide spectrum light source system demodulation characteristics, use many longitudinal modes F-P laser instrument and wide spectrum light source to measure respectively, the raw data matched curve of contrast as shown in Figure 3.
Experimental result by Fig. 3 shows that adopt many longitudinal modes F-P laser instrument as the demodulating system of light source, the test result of the attenuation ratio wide spectrum light source of detected intensity is faster, and the sensitivity of system is greatly improved, with accord with theoretical analysis.The minimum resolved light power of considering preposition amplification chip (logarithmic amplifier) is 100pw, it is 80mV that the minimum of A/D analog to digital converter is differentiated voltage, after can obtaining adopting many longitudinal modes F-P laser instrument, system wavelength demodulation minimum resolution is about 0.04pm, adopts the minimum resolution of wide spectrum light source to be about 0.16pm by contrast.
In addition, because the light source spectral line is narrow, the problem that the simultaneous measurement range that system improves in sensitivity narrows down, according to existing technological level, the range of dynamic measurement of present many longitudinal modes F-P Optical Maser System is about 1nm, the temperature measurement range of correspondence is about 80 ℃, than the measuring method narrow range that adopts wide spectrum light source, therefore relatively is fit to sensitivity and requires height and the occasion use of narrow dynamic range.
Above-described only is preferred embodiment of the present invention; certainly can not limit the present invention's interest field with this; therefore adopt identical with this example or close method, or change according to the equivalence that the present patent application claim is done, still belong to protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. based on the novel fiber grating demodulation method of many longitudinal modes F-P laser instrument, it is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
(1) laser that adopts many longitudinal modes F-P laser instrument to send enters fiber grating through fiber coupler;
(2) monitor the real-time size of the supply electric current of many longitudinal modes of control F-P laser instrument of fluctuation of the luminous power of many longitudinal modes F-P laser instrument by power control unit, guarantee the stable of many longitudinal modes F-P laser instrument Output optical power;
(3) by the signal of fiber grating reflection or transmission, through the laggard DWDM dense wave division multiplexer of going into the wavelength coupling of fiber coupler or Optical Fiber Transmission, the light signal of output receives through photodetector, converts voltage signal to;
(4) voltage signal of step (3) acquisition is amplified into the A/D analog to digital converter through preposition amplification chip and is converted into digital signal, and digital signal is undertaken carrying out computing and control processing acquisition restituted signal by dsp chip again after the filtering low-frequency noise is handled in filtering by wave filter;
(5) restituted signal that obtains of step (4) sends to central authorities' control by serial ports and judges, operates with display unit and provide peripheral hardware to show.
2. the novel fiber grating demodulation method based on many longitudinal modes F-P laser instrument as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, power control unit is a kind of luminous power feedback control circuit in the described step (2), the Output optical power of many longitudinal modes F-P laser instrument, by built-in monitoring backlight with photodetector or external power monitoring photodetector, at first carry out opto-electronic conversion, obtain corresponding electric signal via the A/D analog to digital converter, send into single-chip microcomputer and carry out computing, and compare, judge with initial value; Be converted to control signal by the D/A digital to analog converter then, power control unit is controlled the size of the supply electric current of many longitudinal modes F-P laser instrument according to the fluctuation of control signal, guarantees the stable of many longitudinal modes F-P laser instrument Output optical power.
3. optical fiber grating regulating system based on many longitudinal modes F-P laser instrument, it is characterized in that, comprise many longitudinal modes F-P laser instrument, fiber coupler, fiber grating, the DWDM dense wave division multiplexer, photodetector, the DSP signal processing module, central authorities' control and display unit and the power control unit that links to each other with many longitudinal modes F-P laser instrument, the output terminal of described many longitudinal modes F-P laser instrument is connected with the input port A of fiber coupler, the output port C of fiber coupler is connected with fiber grating, the input end of the input port B of fiber coupler and DWDM dense wave division multiplexer connects to form the optical channel of signal, the output terminal of DWDM dense wave division multiplexer connects photodetector successively, DSP signal processing module and central authorities' control and display unit, described power control unit places on the light source control plate of many longitudinal modes F-P laser instrument.
4. the optical fiber grating regulating system based on many longitudinal modes F-P laser instrument as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that, it is 1545nm that described many longitudinal modes F-P laser instrument is selected peak wavelength for use, live width is the butterfly F-P semiconductor laser of 0.3nm, butterfly F-P semiconductor laser is provided with built in light electric explorer, thermistor and temperature controller, and the pin of the pin of built in light electric explorer, the pin of thermistor and temperature controller is corresponding with power control unit to be connected.
5. the optical fiber grating regulating system based on many longitudinal modes F-P laser instrument as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that, described fiber coupler adopts three-dB coupler or circulator.
6. the optical fiber grating regulating system based on many longitudinal modes F-P laser instrument as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that, described photodetector is selected coaxial tail fiber type PIN photodiode for use.
7. the optical fiber grating regulating system based on many longitudinal modes F-P laser instrument as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that, described DSP signal processing module comprises preposition amplification chip, A/D analog to digital converter, wave filter and dsp chip;
Described preposition amplification chip is used for and will amplifies through the voltage signal that photodetector receives, and selects logarithmic amplifier AD0834 for use;
The voltage signal that described A/D analog to digital converter is used for amplifying is converted to digital signal;
Described wave filter is used for that above-mentioned digital signal is carried out filtering and handles the filtering low-frequency noise;
Described dsp chip is a kind of high-speed programmable central processing unit, is used for realizing filtered digital signal is carried out computing and transmit control obtaining restituted signal.
8. the optical fiber grating regulating system based on many longitudinal modes F-P laser instrument as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that the restituted signal that the DSP signal processing module that the control of described central authorities and display unit are used for that serial ports is received obtains is judged, operated and provides peripheral hardware to show.
9. the optical fiber grating regulating system based on many longitudinal modes F-P laser instrument as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that, described power control unit is a kind of luminous power feedback control circuit, be used for the real-time size of controlling the supply electric current of many longitudinal modes F-P laser instrument of fluctuation according to the luminous power of many longitudinal modes F-P laser instrument of monitoring, guarantee the stable of many longitudinal modes F-P laser instrument Output optical power.
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