CN203385436U - Fiber grating multiplexing system employing frequency-modulated continuous wave technology - Google Patents
Fiber grating multiplexing system employing frequency-modulated continuous wave technology Download PDFInfo
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- CN203385436U CN203385436U CN201320526186.5U CN201320526186U CN203385436U CN 203385436 U CN203385436 U CN 203385436U CN 201320526186 U CN201320526186 U CN 201320526186U CN 203385436 U CN203385436 U CN 203385436U
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Abstract
A fiber grating multiplexing system employing a frequency-modulated continuous wave technology relates to a distributed fiber measurement apparatus based on a frequency-modulated continuous wave multiplexing technology. The utility model aims to solve the problems that fiber bragg grating (FBG) sensors in the prior art are small in node number, homogeneous in distribution, and low in utilization rate, and that in the prior art, the measurement capability is poor and the sensitivity is low. The system employs a fiber grating array for realizing the data acquisition. The fiber grating array is an array composed of multiple fibers and multiple fiber bragg grating (FBG) sensors. All the fiber bragg grating (FBG) sensors in the array are used for acquiring data. The data is transmitted to a photoelectric detector through the fibers and a fiber coupler. The photoelectric detector transmits an electric signal to a multiplier. The multiplier obtains a difference frequency signal after multiplying the signal with a high frequency signal outputted by a voltage controlled oscillator (VCO) and then outputs the difference frequency signal to a signal processing unit. The fiber grating multiplexing system is applicable to the technical field of distance, temperature, or pressure measurements.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of novel distribution type fiber-optic measurement mechanism based on Continuous Wave with frequency modulation multiplexing (Frequency-modulated continuous wave, FMCW) technology.
Background technology
Utilizing optical fiber bragg grating FBG (Fiber Bragg Grating) sensor to form Distributed Measurement System, is the exclusive technology of Fibre Optical Sensor, and it,, by arrange a plurality of sensors on an optical fiber, realizes the measurement along distribution field on the optical fiber layout path.Optical fiber be sensor be also the metrical information transmission channel, this does not just need extra lead-in wire to form measuring system, thereby reduces the system complex degree, saves composition and the operating cost of system.This safety monitoring field at large scale structure (as dam, bridge, building and aircraft etc.) is with a wide range of applications, and particularly, in the smart skins structure, utilizing Fibre Optical Sensor to form Distributed Measurement System is almost unique selection.
In the Fibre Optical Sensor Distributed Measurement System, demodulates information is one of gordian technique, utilizes suitable technical method, and measurement and the positional information of autobiography sensor are correctly understood in the future.Continuous Wave with frequency modulation multiplexing (FMCW) is one of method realized demodulates information, with other demodulation methods, for example, wavelength-division multiplex (WDM), time division multiplex (TDM), space division multiplexing (SDM), optical time domain reflectometer (OTDR) etc. are compared, the utility model combines the fine bragg grating FBG sensor of different optical crosstalks, make even three-dimensional of distributed sensing two dimension, have and can support that a large amount of sensor node number, resolving power are high, advantages of simple structure and simple.Both guarantee wider tuning range, can obtain higher signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) again.
The utility model content
The utility model is that prior art optical fiber bragg grating FBG sensor node number is few, the problem single and that utilization factor is low that distributes in order to solve, simultaneously in order to solve the poor and low problem of sensitivity of prior art measurement capability.
The optical fiber optical grating multiplexing system of Continuous Wave with frequency modulation technology, mainly comprise ASE(Amplified Spontaneous Emission) light source 1, tunable F-P wave filter 2, light intensity modulator 3, saw-toothed wave generator 4, voltage controlled oscillator VCO (Voltage Controlled Oscillator) 5, fiber coupler 6, optical fiber optical grating array 7, photodetector 8, multiplier 9 and signal processing unit 10; Grating fibers array 7 is the array be comprised of multifiber and a plurality of optical fiber bragg grating FBG sensor;
ASE light source 1 emission wideband light source is given tunable F-P wave filter 2, the operating wavelength range of described wideband light source is 1525-1566nm, light signal after described tunable F-P wave filter 2 output filterings is to light intensity modulator 3, described light intensity modulator 3 output optical signals are to fiber coupler 6, and each root optical fiber of optical fiber optical grating array 7 exported to the light signal of input by described fiber coupler 6 simultaneously;
The light signal that all optical fiber bragg grating FBG sensors in described optical fiber optical grating array 7 are reflected back sends to photodetector 8 through optical fiber and fiber coupler 6, and described photodetector 8 is converted to electric signal by the light signal received and exports to a signal input part of multiplier 9 by electrical signal;
The low frequency sawtooth voltage signal output part of saw-toothed wave generator 4 connects the control signal input end of voltage controlled oscillator VCO 5, a high-frequency signal output terminal of voltage controlled oscillator VCO 5 connects the control signal input end of light intensity modulator 3, and another high-frequency signal output terminal of described voltage controlled oscillator VCO 5 connects the reference signal input end of multiplier 9; The signal output part of described multiplier 9 connects the difference frequency signal input end of signal processing unit 10.
The length of each the root optical fiber in described optical fiber optical grating array 7 is being all between minimum resolution distance to tens km of native system.
The minimum resolution distance of described native system refers to the minor increment that the optical fiber optical grating multiplexing system of Continuous Wave with frequency modulation technology can identification, by the system self character, is determined.In actual conditions, can determine and change by regulating saw-toothed wave generator 4 and voltage controlled oscillator VCO 5 the minimum resolution distance of system.
In described optical fiber optical grating array 7, the centre wavelength that is positioned at all optical fiber bragg grating FBG sensors on same described optical fiber is all not identical, and the distance between two optical fiber bragg grating FBG sensors of the arbitrary neighborhood on same described optical fiber is the integral multiple of minimum resolution distance.
In described optical fiber optical grating array 7, the centre wavelength of the optical fiber bragg grating FBG sensor of placing on the same position of every optical fiber is not identical.
Advantage of the present utility model:
System architecture of the present utility model is simple, adopt optical fiber optical grating array as the signals collecting parts, the array structure that this optical fiber optical grating array is comprised of multifiber and a plurality of optical fiber bragg grating FBG sensor, be provided with a plurality of bragg grating FBG sensors on every optical fiber; Compare the series system of prior art, the utility model is parallel to the optical fiber bragg grating FBG sensor be cascaded again together, the number of optical fiber is more, the number of optical fiber bragg grating FBG sensor is more, interstitial content is doubled and redoubled and is widely distributed, each optical fiber bragg grating FBG sensor can detect extraneous the variation, has improved the utilization factor of node.
Existing optical fiber measurement technology, generally can only be used for measuring distance, and the variation that the utility model is subject to the optical fiber bragg grating FBG center sensor wavelength of ectocine by measuring each can calculate out the variation of extraneous temperature and pressure, improved measurement capability; And utilizing the FMCW technology, the variation of the control voltage by tunable F-P wave filter can accurately calculate the size of ectocine parameter values, has improved sensitivity.
The accompanying drawing explanation
The optical fiber optical grating multiplexing system architecture schematic diagram that Fig. 1 is the Continuous Wave with frequency modulation technology;
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram that Continuous Wave with frequency modulation FMCW produces difference frequency;
The voltage that Fig. 3 is tunable F-P wave filter and wavelength relationship schematic diagram.
Embodiment
Embodiment one: see figures.1.and.2 and illustrate present embodiment, the optical fiber optical grating multiplexing system of the described Continuous Wave with frequency modulation technology of present embodiment, mainly comprise ASE light source 1, tunable F-P wave filter 2, light intensity modulator 3, saw-toothed wave generator 4, voltage controlled oscillator VCO 5, fiber coupler 6, optical fiber optical grating array 7, photodetector 8, multiplier 9 and signal processing unit 10; Grating fibers array 7 is the array be comprised of multifiber and a plurality of optical fiber bragg grating FBG sensor;
ASE light source 1 emission wideband light source is given tunable F-P wave filter 2, the operating wavelength range of described wideband light source is 1525-1566nm, light signal after described tunable F-P wave filter 2 output filterings is to light intensity modulator 3, described light intensity modulator 3 output optical signals are to fiber coupler 6, and each root optical fiber of optical fiber optical grating array 7 exported to the light signal of input by described fiber coupler 6 simultaneously;
The light signal that all optical fiber bragg grating FBG sensors in described optical fiber optical grating array 7 are reflected back sends to photodetector 8 through optical fiber and fiber coupler 6, and described photodetector 8 is converted to electric signal by the light signal received and exports to a signal input part of multiplier 9 by electrical signal;
The low frequency sawtooth voltage signal output part of saw-toothed wave generator 4 connects the control signal input end of voltage controlled oscillator VCO 5, a high-frequency signal output terminal of voltage controlled oscillator VCO 5 connects the control signal input end of light intensity modulator 3, and another high-frequency signal output terminal of described voltage controlled oscillator VCO 5 connects the reference signal input end of multiplier 9; The signal output part of described multiplier 9 connects the difference frequency signal input end of signal processing unit 10.
ASE light source 1 is for generation of planarization C-band light signal.Tunable F-P wave filter 2, the light signal produced for accepting the ASE light source, and the light signal of specific wavelength is passed through.Light intensity modulator 3, under the control of the signal that it produces in voltage controlled oscillator VCO 5, realize the intensity modulated of light signal.Saw-toothed wave generator 4, for periodically producing sawtooth.Voltage controlled oscillator VCO 5, under its signal controlling produced at saw-toothed wave generator, produce frequency at the periodically linear cosine signal increased.Fiber coupler 6, the light signal produced for the receiving light power modulator, and light signal is divided into to some shunt, and also it can receive the light signal reflected from optical fiber optical grating array 7, and export after they are combined into to a road.Optical fiber optical grating array 7, be the array that multifiber and a plurality of optical fiber bragg grating FBG sensor form, and it is by being positioned at the variation in the optical fiber bragg grating FBG sensor senses external world on optical fiber, and corresponding signal is fed back to fiber coupler 6 by optical fiber.Photodetector 8, the light signal that will receive from fiber coupler 6 is converted to electric signal, and this electric signal is amplified.Multiplier 9, signal and the detected signal multiplication of photodetector 8 for voltage controlled oscillator VCO 5 is produced, produce difference frequency; Signal processing unit 10, for detection of the size of difference frequency frequency.
The light sent by ASE light source 1 incides in tunable F-P wave filter 2, the centre wavelength of regulating tunable F-P wave filter 2 is identical with the centre wavelength of a certain group of optical fiber bragg grating FBG sensor, the light signal satisfied condition can pass through from tunable F-P wave filter 2, then inputs light intensity modulator 3; The low frequency sawtooth wave produced by saw-toothed wave generator 4 is modulated it as the additional control voltage of voltage controlled oscillator VCO 5, makes the frequency of its output signal by linear change; And then with this high-frequency signal the control voltage as light intensity modulator 3, to the input light signal carry out intensity modulated; Light signal, by fiber coupler 6, incides in optical fiber optical grating array 7, and the light that meets the bragg wavelength condition reflects from certain grating, enters in photodetector 8, is detected and converts voltage signal to; Enter into multiplier 9 together with the output reference signal of the signal that photodetector 8 obtains and voltage controlled oscillator VCO 5 and produce stable difference frequency as shown in Figure 2, the size of analyzing difference frequency by signal processing unit 10 is determined the position of each optical fiber bragg grating FBG sensor.
Embodiment two: present embodiment is that the optical fiber optical grating multiplexing system to the described Continuous Wave with frequency modulation technology of embodiment one is described further, in present embodiment, the length of each the root optical fiber in described optical fiber optical grating array 7 is being all between minimum resolution distance to tens km of native system.
The minimum resolution distance of described native system refers to the minor increment that the optical fiber optical grating multiplexing system of Continuous Wave with frequency modulation technology can identification, by the system self character, is determined.In actual conditions, can determine and change by regulating saw-toothed wave generator 4 and voltage controlled oscillator VCO 5 the minimum resolution distance of system.
Embodiment three: present embodiment is that the optical fiber optical grating multiplexing system to the described Continuous Wave with frequency modulation technology of embodiment two is described further, and in present embodiment, described minimum resolution distance is 1 meter to 100 meters.
Embodiment four: present embodiment is that the optical fiber optical grating multiplexing system to embodiment one, two or three described Continuous Wave with frequency modulation technology is described further, in present embodiment, in described optical fiber optical grating array 7, the centre wavelength that is positioned at all optical fiber bragg grating FBG sensors on same described optical fiber is all not identical, and the distance between two optical fiber bragg grating FBG sensors of the arbitrary neighborhood on same described optical fiber is the integral multiple of minimum resolution distance.
Embodiment five: with reference to Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, illustrate present embodiment, present embodiment is that the optical fiber optical grating multiplexing system to the described Continuous Wave with frequency modulation technology of embodiment four is described further, in present embodiment, in described optical fiber optical grating array 7, the centre wavelength of the optical fiber bragg grating FBG sensor of placing on the same position of every optical fiber is not identical.
First set the optical fiber optical grating multiplexing system of Continuous Wave with frequency modulation technology, the centre wavelength of regulating tunable F-P wave filter 2 is identical with the centre wavelength of a certain group of optical fiber bragg grating FBG sensor, after light signal is divided into some roads through coupling mechanism, can be reflected at the optical fiber bragg grating FBG sensor place of described identical central wavelength, signal processing unit 10 detects the size of difference frequency frequency, and then obtains the positional information of described optical fiber bragg grating FBG sensor;
When the optical fiber bragg grating FBG sensor is disturbed by extraneous parameter and centre wavelength while changing, centre wavelength by adjusting tunable F-P wave filter 2 as shown in Figure 3, make signal processing unit 10 obtain difference frequency frequency consistent while with described optical fiber bragg grating FBG sensor, not being subject to external interference, the variable quantity of the control voltage by tunable F-P wave filter 2 just can obtain the size of the suffered external interference parameter of described optical fiber bragg grating FBG sensor.
The utility model utilizes one group of optical fiber measurement and proving installation to survey the size of the difference frequency frequency of multiplier generation, to reach the distance of taking into account survey sensor simultaneously, and the purpose of the variation of the temperature and pressure in the perception external world.
When native system and other prior aries compare mutually, have more following advantage:
1, native system has anti-electromagnetic interference (EMI), anticorrosive, and can reach 230 ℃ at high temperature, and special optical fiber can reach under the condition of 650 ℃ and work.
2, native system has good stability, and it can reach the spatial accuracy of millimeter magnitude on the measuring distance of several kilometers.
3, native system is less demanding to signal intensity, detectable atomic weak signal, and the susceptibility of can obtain-100dB, measurable range can reach several hundred kilometers.
4, native system has really been realized the distributed sensing of three-dimensional, has greatly improved the multiplexing quantity of FBG, has improved the utilization factor of light source bandwidth.
5, native system has good reliability and stability, and maintenance efficiency is high.
The concrete structure of the optical fiber optical grating multiplexing system of Continuous Wave with frequency modulation technology described in the utility model is not limited to the concrete structure that above-mentioned each embodiment is put down in writing, and can also be the reasonable combination of the technical characterictic put down in writing of above-mentioned embodiment.
Claims (5)
1. the optical fiber optical grating multiplexing system of Continuous Wave with frequency modulation technology, is characterized in that: mainly comprise ASE light source (1), tunable F-P wave filter (2), light intensity modulator (3), saw-toothed wave generator (4), VCO(5), fiber coupler (6), optical fiber optical grating array (7), photodetector (8), multiplier (9) and signal processing unit (10); Grating fibers array (7) is the array be comprised of multifiber and a plurality of optical fiber bragg grating FBG sensor;
ASE light source (1) emission wideband light source is given tunable F-P wave filter (2), the operating wavelength range of described wideband light source is 1525-1566nm, light signal after described tunable F-P wave filter (2) output filtering is to light intensity modulator (3), described light intensity modulator (3) output optical signal is to fiber coupler (6), and each root optical fiber of optical fiber optical grating array (7) exported to the light signal of input by described fiber coupler (6) simultaneously;
The light signal that all optical fiber bragg grating FBG sensors in described optical fiber optical grating array (7) are reflected back sends to photodetector (8) through optical fiber and fiber coupler (6), and described photodetector (8) is converted to electric signal by the light signal received and exports to a signal input part of multiplier (9) by electrical signal;
The low frequency sawtooth voltage signal output part of saw-toothed wave generator (4) connects the control signal input end of voltage controlled oscillator VCO (5), a high-frequency signal output terminal of voltage controlled oscillator VCO (5) connects the control signal input end of light intensity modulator (3), and another high-frequency signal output terminal of described voltage controlled oscillator VCO (5) connects the reference signal input end of multiplier (9); The signal output part of described multiplier (9) connects the difference frequency signal input end of signal processing unit (10).
2. the optical fiber optical grating multiplexing system of Continuous Wave with frequency modulation technology according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the length of each the root optical fiber in described optical fiber optical grating array (7) is all between minimum resolution distance to tens km for native system.
3. the optical fiber optical grating multiplexing system of Continuous Wave with frequency modulation technology according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: described minimum resolution distance is 1 meter to 100 meters.
4. according to the optical fiber optical grating multiplexing system of claim 1,2 or 3 described Continuous Wave with frequency modulation technology, it is characterized in that: in described optical fiber optical grating array (7), the centre wavelength that is positioned at all optical fiber bragg grating FBG sensors on same described optical fiber is all not identical, and the distance between two optical fiber bragg grating FBG sensors of the arbitrary neighborhood on same described optical fiber is the integral multiple of minimum resolution distance.
5. the optical fiber optical grating multiplexing system of Continuous Wave with frequency modulation technology according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: in described optical fiber optical grating array (7), the centre wavelength of the optical fiber bragg grating FBG sensor of placing on the same position of every optical fiber is not identical.
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| CN105136179A (en) * | 2015-08-27 | 2015-12-09 | 太原理工大学 | Distributed optical fiber sensing device based on ASE noise coherent detection and method |
| CN106153225A (en) * | 2016-06-28 | 2016-11-23 | 南京师范大学 | Fiber Bragg Grating FBG transverse pressure sensing system based on microwave photon filter and measuring method |
| CN106643837A (en) * | 2016-10-19 | 2017-05-10 | 武汉理工大学 | Bragg fiber grating array demodulation apparatus and method based on non-coherent frequency domain reflection |
| CN107356351A (en) * | 2017-07-17 | 2017-11-17 | 兰州大学 | A kind of grating flower Multifunction Sensor used under extreme low temperature environment |
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| CN105136179A (en) * | 2015-08-27 | 2015-12-09 | 太原理工大学 | Distributed optical fiber sensing device based on ASE noise coherent detection and method |
| CN106153225A (en) * | 2016-06-28 | 2016-11-23 | 南京师范大学 | Fiber Bragg Grating FBG transverse pressure sensing system based on microwave photon filter and measuring method |
| CN106153225B (en) * | 2016-06-28 | 2018-11-16 | 南京师范大学 | A kind of fiber bragg grating transverse pressure sensing system and measurement method |
| CN106643837B (en) * | 2016-10-19 | 2019-04-02 | 武汉理工大学 | Bragg grating array demodulating equipment and method based on the reflection of incoherent frequency domain |
| CN106643837A (en) * | 2016-10-19 | 2017-05-10 | 武汉理工大学 | Bragg fiber grating array demodulation apparatus and method based on non-coherent frequency domain reflection |
| CN107356351A (en) * | 2017-07-17 | 2017-11-17 | 兰州大学 | A kind of grating flower Multifunction Sensor used under extreme low temperature environment |
| CN107402028A (en) * | 2017-08-02 | 2017-11-28 | 南昌大学 | A kind of multi-path optical fiber grating sensing system based on intensity type wavelength-division multiplex technique |
| CN109115249A (en) * | 2018-07-30 | 2019-01-01 | 嘉兴职业技术学院 | A kind of multiplexing FBG network system |
| CN108844870A (en) * | 2018-08-08 | 2018-11-20 | 重庆交通大学 | PM based on optical fiber structure10And PM2.5Detection instrument device and system |
| CN108844870B (en) * | 2018-08-08 | 2021-09-21 | 重庆交通大学 | PM based on optical fiber structure10And PM2.5Probe instrument apparatus and system |
| CN109632137A (en) * | 2019-02-19 | 2019-04-16 | 杭州线感光电技术有限公司 | A kind of two-dimensional spatial distribution formula optical fiber temperature-measurement method |
| CN109945901A (en) * | 2019-03-11 | 2019-06-28 | 南京智慧基础设施技术研究院有限公司 | A kind of device and method suitable for Fibre Optical Sensor signal resolution |
| CN109945901B (en) * | 2019-03-11 | 2023-11-24 | 南京智慧基础设施技术研究院有限公司 | Equipment and method suitable for analyzing optical fiber sensing signals |
| CN111780790A (en) * | 2020-06-03 | 2020-10-16 | 华南师范大学 | Device and method for demodulating dense fiber bragg grating array |
| CN111609875A (en) * | 2020-06-10 | 2020-09-01 | 电子科技大学 | Digital domain adjustable distributed optical fiber sensing system based on chirped continuous light and sensing method thereof |
| CN117411543A (en) * | 2023-12-13 | 2024-01-16 | 南昌航空大学 | Multi-wavelength linear Sagnac distributed optical fiber sensing system |
| CN117411543B (en) * | 2023-12-13 | 2024-03-05 | 南昌航空大学 | Multi-wavelength linear Sagnac distributed optical fiber sensing system |
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