CN107297449A - A kind of metallurgical composite bolt two pass time performing hot-heading forming technique of stainless steel/carbon - Google Patents
A kind of metallurgical composite bolt two pass time performing hot-heading forming technique of stainless steel/carbon Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN107297449A CN107297449A CN201710471884.2A CN201710471884A CN107297449A CN 107297449 A CN107297449 A CN 107297449A CN 201710471884 A CN201710471884 A CN 201710471884A CN 107297449 A CN107297449 A CN 107297449A
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- stainless steel
- carbon
- bolt
- steel
- composite
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J1/00—Preparing metal stock or similar ancillary operations prior, during or post forging, e.g. heating or cooling
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21H—MAKING PARTICULAR METAL OBJECTS BY ROLLING, e.g. SCREWS, WHEELS, RINGS, BARRELS, BALLS
- B21H3/00—Making helical bodies or bodies having parts of helical shape
- B21H3/02—Making helical bodies or bodies having parts of helical shape external screw-threads ; Making dies for thread rolling
- B21H3/06—Making by means of profiled members other than rolls, e.g. reciprocating flat dies or jaws, moved longitudinally or curvilinearly with respect to each other
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J1/00—Preparing metal stock or similar ancillary operations prior, during or post forging, e.g. heating or cooling
- B21J1/06—Heating or cooling methods or arrangements specially adapted for performing forging or pressing operations
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J5/00—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
- B21J5/02—Die forging; Trimming by making use of special dies ; Punching during forging
- B21J5/025—Closed die forging
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of stainless steel/carbon metallurgical composite bolt two pass time performing hot-heading forming technique, comprises the steps：(1) using stainless steel tube and carbon steel reinforcing bar as raw material, the outer surface of stainless steel pipe inner surface and carbon steel reinforcing bar carries out removing surface；(2) carbon steel reinforcing bar is penetrated into stainless steel tube and carries out cold drawing processing, reducing rate 5~10%；(3) by the stainless steel/carbon composite reinforcing steel bar scale segment after drawing and two ends sealing；(4) by the composite blank of preparation with 20 DEG C/s speed high-frequency heating to 1100~1150 DEG C, the hot upsetting shank of bolt sizing of the first passage, the shaping of the second passage hot upsetting bolt head are carried out using particular manufacturing craft；(5) screw rod that hot upsetting is completed is incubated 1~2h at 900 1050 DEG C, is quickly cooled to room temperature.Present invention process is simple, and cost is low, using the metallurgical composite bolt of stainless steel/carbon of two pass time hot forging process production, good metallurgical binding can be formed between its carbon steel and stainless steel, while stainless steel Thickness Distribution is uniform, surface quality is high.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to standard component technical field and field of compound material, and in particular to a kind of stainless steel/carbon metallurgy is multiple
Close bolt two pass time performing hot-heading forming technique.
Background technology
Ordinary carbon steel bolt is quite varied as most common fastener application, but in sleet, Exposure to Sunlight, day and night temperature etc.
Often corrode under the influence of environmental factor.For the anti-corrosion of carbon steel bolt, most commonly in the hot dip of carbon steel surface and
Electro-galvanized layer, but this method only has certain anti-corrosion capability to conventional environment, but such as chemical plant, nuclear power station are this high rotten
The environment of corrosion, bolt corrosion is more serious.Some critical pipings or reactor etc. are fastened and sealed by bolt, and bolt corrosion
It is again very unremarkable, but bolt because of corrosion once fail, it influences and endangers huge.Therefore it is common zinc-plated in this environment
Carbon steel bolt can not meet its corrosion-resistant requirement and safety requirements.
Stainless steel has a very high resistance to corrosion, thus stainless steel bolt application and give birth to, but be due to stainless steel more more
Height, limits it and uses on a large scale.Stainless steel/carbon metallurgy composite bolt, in one layer of stainless steel of carbon steel Surface coating and makes both
Realize metallurgical binding, make its both have single stainless steel antiseptic power, and more single stainless steel bolt have it is cheap
Advantage.
The moulding process of carbon steel bolt or stainless steel bolt for single metal is highly developed, also there is special spiral shell
Bolt process equipment, its production process mainly has the following steps：In blank, cold-heading, thread rolling, surface treatment etc., its production process not
The problem of with considering intermetallic compatibility of deformation problem and being metallurgical compound, and for high-strength bolt, typically using red manual labour skill,
But bolt head is simply also heated to 800-1000 DEG C.Accordingly, with respect to the moulding process of single metal bolts, stainless steel/
The appearance of carbon steel metallurgy composite bolt inherently has novelty, and its two pass time performing hot-heading forming technique has the uniqueness of its own again
Property and operability.
The content of the invention
Simple it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of method, with low cost, metallurgy is compound and is adapted to industrialized production
Stainless steel/carbon metallurgy composite bolt two pass time performing hot-heading forming technique.
The present invention, as raw material, is prepared using stainless steel tube and carbon steel reinforcing bar by blank, two pass time performing hot-heading forming, Re Chu
The processes such as reason, thread rolling, post processing are formed.
The production method of the present invention is as follows：
1st, raw material：
Stainless-steel pipe and carbon steel reinforcing bar.Stainless steel tube is seamless pipe or ERW, and material can be required according to corrosion-resistant
Selection 304,304L, 316,316L etc., pipe thickness can take 2~8mm according to Bolt sizes；Used carbon steel reinforcing bar material can
According to intensity and plasticity requirements selection mild steel, high-carbon steel, steel alloy etc..Stainless steel tube internal diameter is bigger than carbon steel bar diameter by 1~
2mm。
2nd, raw material and processing：
The outer wall of inwall and carbon steel reinforcing bar to stainless steel tube carries out throwing brush, high-pressure wash, drying process.
3rd, prepared by composite blank：
The above-mentioned carbon steel reinforcing bar being disposed is penetrated in stainless steel tube, cold drawing tube reducing processing is carried out on wire drawing machine,
Reducing rate 5~10%, makes two metal in close fit and discharge inner air tube.After drawing, after being molded according to metallurgical composite bolt
Volume by cold drawn composite reinforcing steel bar scale segment；With special drilling tool by into the carbon steel core drilling at the composite reinforcing steel bar two ends after section
A part, drill diameter is consistent with carbon steel core diameter, and drilling depth is slightly less than stainless steel tube radius after drawing.After drilling processing,
The stainless steel tube exposed is subjected to tight mouth, compacting, stainless steel electrode sealing is finally used.
4th, the hot upsetting of two pass time
The composite blank prepared is subjected to high-frequency heating with 20 DEG C/s speed, the time is 55~58s, heating-up temperature
1100~1150 DEG C.Two pass is carried out with 0.1~0.5m/s pressing speed on 5~100T mechanical punch according to Bolt sizes
Hot upsetting.First passage shank of bolt sizing is carried out using mould in open type, mould in open type is taken down afterwards, the hot upsetting bolt of the second passage is carried out
Head is molded.
5th, it is heat-treated
After shaping, in 900~1050 DEG C of holding furnace inside holdings 1~2 hour, make fully to realize smelting between stainless steel/carbon
Gold is compound.Quenching heat treatment is carried out according to intensity requirement, metallurgical composite bolt mechanical strength is improved.
6th, thread rolling
The metallurgical composite bolt semi-finished product of cooling are put into thread rolling machined threads, and coarse thread spiral shell can be processed into as needed
Line or fine thread.
7th, post-process
After thread rolling, ball blast, shot-peening, sandblasting, throwing are carried out to the metallurgical composite bolt of stainless steel/carbon according to surface quality requirements
The surface treatment such as brush.
The invention has the advantages that：
1st, stainless steel material can be significantly saved, cost of material is reduced, according to Bolt sizes, relative to single stainless steel spiral shell
Bolt, can save stainless steel 50~75%；
2nd, hot upsetting temperature is the important parameter for influenceing bimetal metallurgy compound, and the temperature of the single hot upsetting of metal single pass is about
800~1000 DEG C, and the hot upsetting temperature of metallurgical composite bolt two pass time should be controlled at 1100~1150 DEG C, can make stainless steel layer and carbon
Steel forms preferable metallurgical binding after the hot upsetting of two pass time.
3rd, holding temperature and soaking time are most important for metallurgical binding intensity between composite bolt metal after hot upsetting, temperature
It is low, do not worked to compound, temperature is too high or soaking time is long, and the oxidation of stainless steel layer is serious.Tests prove that, the present invention
The holding temperature and soaking time of offer can effectively realize the metallurgical binding between stainless steel layer and carbon steel core, faying face continuous tissue
Densification, bond strength is up to 340MPa, meanwhile, the surface quality of metallurgical composite bolt is good, and stainless steel layer thickness distribution is uniform.
4th, the metallurgical composite bolt of stainless steel/carbon produced is as the stainless steel bolt of single metal, with excellent
Rotproofness, mechanical strength and plastic deformation ability.
5th, process operability is strong, and method is simple, be adapted to industrialized production.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the production technological process of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the die drawing that the present invention is applied；
Fig. 3 is the bolt section after the completion of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is that 1000 DEG C of the present invention contrasts photo with the metallographic after two pass at 1150 DEG C time performing hot-heading forming, wherein left side is
1000 DEG C, right side is 1150 DEG C；
Fig. 5 is the metallograph of interface after the completion of the present invention.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
1st, raw material：Using Q235 carbon steel reinforcing bars, 304 stainless steel seamless pipes are raw material, and wherein stainless steel tube external diameter 18mm is interior
Footpath 14mm, carbon steel bar diameter is 12mm.
2nd, Feedstock treating：Its rough surface is made to the outer surface progress throwing brush of above-mentioned stainless steel inside pipe wall and carbon steel reinforcing bar
Degree is about Rz6.3, rear high-pressure wash, drying process.
3rd, the preparation of composite blank：The above-mentioned carbon steel reinforcing bar being disposed is penetrated into stainless steel tube, on drawbench
Composite reinforcing steel bar external diameter is 16.5mm, diameter reducing rate 9% after drawing process, drawing.Steel bar fixed length after drawing is cut into 65mm's
Segment, and the carbon steel drilling 7mm two sections of segment composite reinforcing steel bar on special purpose machine tool is deep.Afterwards by its tight mouth, and use stainless steel
Welding rod sealing.
4th, the composite blank progress high-frequency heating finished will be prepared.At 30 DEG C of initial temperature, with 20 DEG C/s temperature rise speed
Rate heats 56s, and heating-up temperature is to 1150 DEG C.
5th, after heating, two pass time performing hot-heading forming, punch press pressure head pressure average speed 0.2m/s are carried out.The hot upsetting spiral shell of first passage
Tightening latch sizing, using mould shown in Fig. 2.Mould is combined type, and 1,3,9 be mould set, and 2,4,8 be core rod.Mould 4 on its middle open type
It play the guiding role, can be along plane of symmetry subdivision, a diameter of 16.5mm.Lower mould 2 plays undergauge, and internal diameter is 15.25mm.First passage
During hot upsetting, composite blank 6 in the presence of rushing rod 5 by mould in guiding 4 enter under in mould 2, make the lower end undergauge of composite blank extremely
15.25mm。
6th, mould in open type 4 and mould are covered into the 3 upper moulds for being replaced by mould 8 and the composition of mould set 9 after the first passage is finished, entered
The hot upsetting bolt head shaping of the passage of row second.Lift mould 8 afterwards, ejected semi-finished product bolt by lower push rod 7.
7th, the semi-finished product bolt after the hot upsetting of two pass time is put into 1000 DEG C of holding furnace and is incubated 1 hour, further promoted
Enter two intermetallic metallurgical bindings, water cooling is quick to room temperature afterwards.
8th, thread rolling processing is carried out after cooling down, the M16 metallurgical composite bolt of stainless steel/carbon is obtained.Fig. 3 is implemented for the present invention
Metallurgical composite bolt section after the completion of example.
9th, metallurgical composite bolt surface is carried out throwing brush processing, removes surface oxide layer and other impurity.
Hot upsetting temperature is the important parameter for influenceing bimetal metallurgy compound, the temperature about 800 of the single hot upsetting of metal single pass
~1000 DEG C, and the hot upsetting temperature of metallurgical composite bolt two pass time should be controlled at 1100~1150 DEG C, can make stainless steel layer and carbon steel
Preferable metallurgical binding is formed after the hot upsetting of two pass time, it is visible with reference to accompanying drawing 4, it can be seen that gold after the hot upsetting of two pass time at 1000 DEG C
Interface still suffers from clear gap between category, and two metal interfaces are formed about good metallurgical junction after the hot upsetting of the second passage at 1150 DEG C
Close.
Holding temperature and soaking time are most important for metallurgical binding intensity between composite bolt metal after hot upsetting, temperature
It is low, do not worked to compound, temperature is too high or soaking time is long, and the oxidation of stainless steel layer is serious.Tests prove that, the present invention
The holding temperature and soaking time of offer can effectively realize the metallurgical binding between stainless steel layer and carbon steel core, faying face continuous tissue
Densification, bond strength is up to 340MPa, and Fig. 5 is the metallograph of interface after the completion of the present invention.Meanwhile, metallurgical composite bolt
Surface quality is good, and stainless steel layer thickness distribution is uniform.
One embodiment of the present of invention is described in detail above, but the content is only the preferable implementation of the present invention
Example, it is impossible to be considered as the practical range for limiting the present invention.All equivalent changes made according to the present patent application scope and improvement
Deng within the patent covering scope that all should still belong to the present invention.
One embodiment of the present of invention is described in detail above, but the content is only the preferable implementation of the present invention
Example, it is impossible to be considered as the practical range for limiting the present invention.All equivalent changes made according to the present patent application scope and improvement
Deng within the patent covering scope that all should still belong to the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of metallurgical composite bolt two pass time performing hot-heading forming technique of stainless steel/carbon, it is characterised in that：Stainless steel/carbon smelting
Golden composite bolt is made up of internal carbon steel core with outer layer stainless steel case, and stainless steel case is equably fully wrapped around by carbon steel core, and two
There is good metallurgical binding between metal.
2. the metallurgical composite bolt two pass time performing hot-heading forming technique of a kind of stainless steel/carbon, it is characterised in that it includes following step
Suddenly：
(1) raw material is stainless steel tube and carbon steel reinforcing bar, and carbon steel bar diameter is 5~50mm, and stainless steel tube wall thickness is 2~8mm, will
The outer surface of stainless steel pipe inner surface and carbon steel reinforcing bar carries out throwing brush processing, surface roughness is in Rz3.2~Rz12.5
Between, and do the cleaning treatments such as high-pressure wash, drying；
(2) the carbon steel reinforcing bar obtained by step (1) is penetrated into stainless steel tube, both gaps are 0.5~1mm, in wire drawing machine
Upper progress cold drawing tube reducing processing, drawing speed is 0.05~0.5m/s, and reducing rate is 5~10%；
(3) two ends sealing is obtained into clad steel by the composite reinforcing steel bar scale segment obtained by step (2), using stainless steel electrode
Muscle blank, it is overall afterwards to carry out high-frequency induction heating, heating frequency 1~20kHz of scope is adjusted according to diameter of work, made heated
Journey is carried out with 20 DEG C/s speed, and the time is 55~58s, 1100~1150 DEG C of heating-up temperature；
(4) the composite reinforcing steel bar blank after the heating obtained by step (3) is subjected to two pass time performing hot-heading forming, the hot upsetting spiral shell of the first passage
Tightening latch sizing, the shaping of the second passage hot upsetting bolt head, the average pressing speed of drift is 0.1~0.5m/s, after shaping 900~
1050 DEG C of holding furnace inside holdings 1~2 hour, with the rapid water cooling of 80 DEG C/s speed extremely, carry out quenching heat treatment, improve bolt whole
Body mechanical strength, metallurgical composite bolt semi-finished product are prepared after cooling；
(5) screw thread is processed into the metallurgical composite bolt semi-finished product thread rolling obtained by step (4), finally carries out ball blast, shot-peening, spray
The surface treatments such as sand, throwing brush.
3. the metallurgical composite bolt two pass time performing hot-heading forming technique of stainless steel/carbon according to claim 2, its feature exists
In：Used stainless steel tube is seamless pipe or ERW, and material is one kind in 304,304L, 316,316L, thickness of pipe wall
Degree takes 2~8mm according to Bolt sizes；Used carbon steel reinforcing bar material selects mild steel, high-carbon according to intensity and plasticity requirements
Any of steel, steel alloy.
4. the metallurgical composite bolt two pass time performing hot-heading forming technique of stainless steel/carbon according to claim 3, its feature exists
In：Stainless steel/carbon composite reinforcing steel bar blank can be made by modes such as drawing, extruding or rollings, and cut lengths can be according to bolt
Pole length requires to change.
5. the metallurgical composite bolt two pass time performing hot-heading forming technique of stainless steel/carbon according to claim 4, its feature exists
In：The composite reinforcing steel bar blank of Length-fixing cutting is sealed its two ends by machining, the directly mode such as welding.
6. the metallurgical composite bolt two pass time performing hot-heading forming technique of stainless steel/carbon according to claim 2, its feature exists
In：Two pass time hot forging process realizes that the upper mould of sectional die point is with using sectional die on 5~100T mechanical punch
Mould, each mould is constituted by mould set and core rod, and mould set material is 45 steel, and core rod material is YG20C, the hot upsetting spiral shell of the first passage
Tightening latch sizing, using mould in the open type of symmetrical subdivision, play the guiding role, and lower mould is general contracting bar mould, plays screw rod sizing, its
The upper mould of middle subdivision is along plane of symmetry axial subdivision, and lower end is necking, and cone angle is 60 °, and outlet size is consistent with lower mould size, is combined
Bolt blank screw portion diameter reducing rate 10~15% after the hot upsetting of the first passage, can increase considerably stainless steel layer and carbon steel layer
Contact stress improve composite effect, take down in open type mould and carry out the hot heading portion shaping of second time, using universal mold, root
According to need by bolt head be processed into six while, four while or the form such as interior hexagonal.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710471884.2A CN107297449B (en) | 2017-06-20 | 2017-06-20 | A kind of stainless steel/carbon metallurgy composite bolt two pass time performing hot-heading forming technique |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710471884.2A CN107297449B (en) | 2017-06-20 | 2017-06-20 | A kind of stainless steel/carbon metallurgy composite bolt two pass time performing hot-heading forming technique |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN107297449A true CN107297449A (en) | 2017-10-27 |
| CN107297449B CN107297449B (en) | 2019-04-12 |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710471884.2A Expired - Fee Related CN107297449B (en) | 2017-06-20 | 2017-06-20 | A kind of stainless steel/carbon metallurgy composite bolt two pass time performing hot-heading forming technique |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108145052A (en) * | 2017-12-28 | 2018-06-12 | 江苏润明不锈钢制品有限公司 | Non-welding type pre-embedded bolt processing technology |
| CN108226210A (en) * | 2018-01-15 | 2018-06-29 | 东北大学 | A kind of heat simulation for preparing the compound Ribbed Bar of stainless steel/carbon |
| CN108637598A (en) * | 2018-04-28 | 2018-10-12 | 王彩霞 | Dumbbell, barbell handle anti-oxidation metal surface manufacturing method |
| CN110449483A (en) * | 2019-07-05 | 2019-11-15 | 法尔胜泓昇集团有限公司 | A kind of composite filament preparation method of stainless steel cladding steel wire |
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| CN104190840A (en) * | 2014-09-11 | 2014-12-10 | 东莞诚兴五金制品有限公司 | Die structure for hot upset forging of stainless steel bolt |
| CN104772362A (en) * | 2015-04-21 | 2015-07-15 | 承德石油高等专科学校 | Technology for preparing stainless steel/carbon steel composite reinforcing steel bars by virtue of drawing-brazing |
| CN204533117U (en) * | 2015-02-06 | 2015-08-05 | 尹显君 | A kind of screw of anti-corrosion alloy material compound |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108145052A (en) * | 2017-12-28 | 2018-06-12 | 江苏润明不锈钢制品有限公司 | Non-welding type pre-embedded bolt processing technology |
| CN108226210A (en) * | 2018-01-15 | 2018-06-29 | 东北大学 | A kind of heat simulation for preparing the compound Ribbed Bar of stainless steel/carbon |
| CN108226210B (en) * | 2018-01-15 | 2020-08-25 | 东北大学 | Thermal simulation method for preparing stainless steel/carbon steel composite ribbed steel bar |
| CN108637598A (en) * | 2018-04-28 | 2018-10-12 | 王彩霞 | Dumbbell, barbell handle anti-oxidation metal surface manufacturing method |
| CN110449483A (en) * | 2019-07-05 | 2019-11-15 | 法尔胜泓昇集团有限公司 | A kind of composite filament preparation method of stainless steel cladding steel wire |
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| CN107297449B (en) | 2019-04-12 |
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