CN107297395B - A kind of original gap method of cold extrusion die - Google Patents
A kind of original gap method of cold extrusion die Download PDFInfo
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- CN107297395B CN107297395B CN201710722819.2A CN201710722819A CN107297395B CN 107297395 B CN107297395 B CN 107297395B CN 201710722819 A CN201710722819 A CN 201710722819A CN 107297395 B CN107297395 B CN 107297395B
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- cold extrusion
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- extrusion die
- original gap
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- 238000000641 cold extrusion Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 13
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000997 High-speed steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920000914 Metallic fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005489 elastic deformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002715 modification method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012805 post-processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C25/00—Profiling tools for metal extruding
- B21C25/02—Dies
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
- B23P15/24—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass dies
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Forging (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of original gap methods of cold extrusion die, belong to field of mechanical technique.It solves the problems, such as that cold extrusion processing has the components precision of tooth-shape structure lower.The original gap method of this cold extrusion die, the specific steps are as follows: step a, according to design requirement, list the parameter of theoretical tooth form；Step b, the parameter of theoretical tooth form is modified to obtain the parameter of actual processing tooth form；Step b-1, the pressure angle amendment of theoretical tooth form；Step b-2, the shape of theoretical tooth form is modified；Step b-3, by theoretical original gap；Step b-3, actual processing tooth form is drawn；Step c, the material of cavity plate is pre-processed；Step d, low-speed WEDM equipment is programmed and inputted according to actual processing tooth form, is processed to obtain the cavity plate with tooth form cavity to by pretreated material.The present invention is by improving machining accuracy to needing cold extrusion shaped tooth-shape structure pressure angle and shape to be modified.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of mechanical technique, are related to a kind of cold extrusion die, especially a kind of tooth form of cold extrusion die
Modification method.
Background technique
Profiled parts refer to gear or the part with tooth-shape structure, in the prior art, the tooth form knot on profiled parts
Structure, generally use it is machining, for example, using milling machine process form cutting, utilize special purpose machine tool (gear-hobbing machine, gear shapping machine, plane
Tooth machine and gear grinding machines) generation method etc., also have and profiled parts processed using cold extrusion.
Compared with mach profiled parts, through the cold extrusion shaped profiled parts processed, in Cold Extrusion Process
Metal is plastically deformed under high stress, therefore the tooth-shape structure dense structure formed, the continuous fatigue strength of metallic fiber and resistance to
Mill property is all more high than the gear of machining.Especially cold extrusion shaped tooth-shape structure is closed at one end, is tooth form knot
Structure provides additional bending strength, can be improved the performance that profiled parts work under frequent impact and top load operating condition.
For example, Chinese patent [application number: 201210339134.7；Application publication number CN102825088A] disclosed in one kind
Gear shaft cold extrusion die and its extrusion process, wherein gear shaft cold extrusion die includes gear die, and the number of teeth of gear die is
15, pressure angle is 20 °, modulus 0.9, base tangent length 4.180, modification coefficient+0.02；Lower cover is arranged in the top of gear die
Upper die holder is arranged on lower cover mold for mould, successively installs backing plate and square tenon mould, and square tenon mould and lower cover mold in upper die holder from top to bottom
Between be arranged pressure pipe mould.Gear shaft cold-extrusion technology, comprising the following steps: 1) hot upsetting blank: by an end head upsetting of raw material
Slightly；2) outer dimension is processed: workpiece surface roughness is improved using rough turn or corase grinding, to meet the requirement of mold crowded teeth；3) table
Face lubrication: workpiece surface adheres to one layer of lubricating film, allows workpiece to contact with mold smooth, while extending die life；4) it squeezes
Tooth: using mold by the gear on head and extrusion forming of square tenon at middle part.
But profiled parts it is cold extrusion shaped during, mold will receive extruding force cause in forming process occur elasticity become
Shape, and since the big part wears rate of mold mean curvature in extrusion process is greater than the small part of curvature, cause to make with mold
With the increase of time, the tooth-shape structure processed can also be deviated.By Die Elastic Deformation, abrasion and the shadow of heat treatment
It rings, leading to the cold extrusion shaped tooth-shape structure processed and design requirement, there are certain form variations, and use for a long time
The tooth-shape structure that post-processing goes out further generates form variations, causes the product quality processed unstable.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is there is the above problem in view of the prior art, the tooth form for proposing a kind of cold extrusion die is repaired
Correction method, present invention solves the technical problem that being the processing essence of tooth-shape structure in the part for how to improve cold extrusion shaped processing
Degree.
Object of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme: a kind of original gap method of cold extrusion die, cold
Extrusion die includes the cavity plate with tooth form cavity, which is characterized in that specific step is as follows for the original gap method:
Step a, according to design requirement, the parameter of theoretical tooth form is listed；
Step b, the parameter of theoretical tooth form is modified to obtain the parameter of actual processing tooth form；
Step b-1, the pressure angle amendment of theoretical tooth form, when the modulus of theoretical tooth form is less than or equal to 2, theoretical tooth form
+ 0.3 °~+0.48 ° of pressure angle；When the modulus of theoretical tooth form is greater than 2 and is less than or equal to 3.5, the pressure angle of theoretical tooth form+
0.45 °~+0.58 °；
Step b-2, the shape of theoretical tooth form is modified: tip diameter amendment+0.015mm~+0.02mm, tooth root
Circular diameter amendment+0.005mm~+0.008mm；
Step b-3, actual processing tooth form is drawn；
Step c, the material of cavity plate is pre-processed；
Step d, low-speed WEDM equipment is programmed and inputted according to actual processing tooth form, to by pretreated material
Material is processed to obtain the cavity plate with tooth form cavity.
Tooth-shape structure is processed by using cold extrusion die, cold extrusion die can make tooth form manufacture essence using high speed steel material
Degree reaches 6 grades of (DIN), and under mass production environment, the tooth form accuracy of manufacture is usually 7 grades~8 grades of (DIN).
The original gap method of this cold extrusion die is modified by pressure angle to theoretical tooth form and shape, so that plus
The tooth-shape structure on part that work goes out is by the abrasion and zero after mold flexible deformation in extrusion process, long-time service
Reach higher machining accuracy under the influence of part heat treatment, so that the tooth form accuracy of manufacture reaches the level of 7 grades~7.5 grades of (DIN).
Also, by the amendment to tooth form, so that the tooth form curvature of cavity plate internal tooth form cavity is more smooth, the part mill that curvature is big is avoided
Damage rate is greater than the small part of curvature and causes mold accuracy decline after a period of use, and influence cold extrusion die uses the longevity
Life.
In the original gap method of above-mentioned cold extrusion die, the material of the cavity plate is LD steel, and the step c is specific
Are as follows: step c-1, forge；Step c-2, it anneals 840~860 DEG C, keeps the temperature 2~3 hours；Step c-3, it is machined；Step c-4,
Heat treatment temperature is to select in 1100~1180 DEG C, and Quench heating coefficient is 20~35min/mm；Step c-5, cooling medium is
Oil, tempering temperature are typically chosen in 530~570 DEG C；Step c-6, times of tempering is 2~3 times, and each tempering time is 1~2 small
When, tempering hardness is 56~62HRC.By being heat-treated to LD steel, the hardness of cavity plate is improved, is reduced cold extrusion shaped
The middle error for flexible deformation occurring, the tooth-shape structure processed being caused to occur.
In the original gap method of above-mentioned cold extrusion die, in the step b, the pressure angle uses normal pressure
20 ° of angle.Pressure angle is modified on the basis of normal pressure angle, in the premise for guaranteeing tooth-shape structure intensity and transmission performance
Under, optimize the tooth form of gear structure, keeps the profile accuracy of cold extrusion shaped obtained gear structure higher, homogeneity of product is more
It is good.
In the original gap method of above-mentioned cold extrusion die, the step c can be before step a or in step
Before b.
Compared with prior art, the original gap method of this cold extrusion die passes through the tooth form knot cold extrusion shaped to needs
The theoretical tooth form of structure optimizes, and is modified to the pressure angle and shape of theoretical tooth form, to reduce the change of cold extrusion die
Shape, abrasion and part are heat-treated the influence to tooth form, improve the machining accuracy of cold extrusion shaped tooth-shape structure.
Specific embodiment
The following is specific embodiments of the present invention, and technical scheme of the present invention will be further described, but the present invention is simultaneously
It is not limited to these embodiments.
Embodiment one:
Cold extrusion die includes the cavity plate with tooth form cavity, and during cold extrusion shaped, material enters the tooth form of cavity plate
It is plastically deformed in cavity and under the action of punch-pin extruding force, to form tooth-shape structure in tooth form cavity.In order to gram
Abrasion and part of part of the clothes with tooth-shape structure after the cold extrusion shaped flexible deformation of mold, long-time service in the process
It is heat-treated the influence to machining accuracy, the tooth form in the tooth form cavity of cold extrusion die is modified.
The original gap method of this cold extrusion die, the specific steps are as follows:
Step a, according to design requirement, the parameter of theoretical tooth form is listed；
Step b, the parameter of theoretical tooth form is modified to obtain the parameter of actual processing tooth form；
Step b-1, the pressure angle amendment of theoretical tooth form, when the modulus of theoretical tooth form is less than or equal to 2, theoretical tooth form
+ 0.3 °~+0.48 ° of pressure angle；When the modulus of theoretical tooth form is greater than 2 and is less than or equal to 3.5, the pressure angle of theoretical tooth form+
0.45 °~+0.58 °；
Step b-2, the shape of theoretical tooth form is modified: tip diameter amendment+0.015mm~+0.02mm, tooth root
Circular diameter amendment+0.005mm~+0.008mm；
Step b-3, actual processing tooth form is drawn；
Step c, the material of cavity plate is pre-processed；
In the present embodiment, the material of cavity plate is LD steel, the step c specifically:
Step c-1, it forges；
Step c-2, it anneals 840~860 DEG C, keeps the temperature 2~3 hours；
Step c-3, it is machined；
Step c-4, heat treatment temperature is to select in 1100~1180 DEG C, and Quench heating coefficient is 20~35min/mm；
Step c-5, cooling medium is oil, and tempering temperature is typically chosen in 530~570 DEG C；
Step c-6, times of tempering is 2~3 times, and each tempering time is 1~2 hour, and tempering hardness is 56~62HRC.
During specific manufacture, step c can be before step a or before step b.
Step d, low-speed WEDM equipment is programmed and inputted according to actual processing tooth form, to by pretreated material
Material is processed to obtain the cavity plate with tooth form cavity.
In step d, low-speed WEDM equipment can select Mitsubishi FA20S slow feeding linear cutting, add practical
Work tooth form inputs low-speed WEDM equipment.
The original gap method of this cold extrusion die is modified by pressure angle to theoretical tooth form and shape, overcomes mould
The influence of abrasion and part heat treatment after tool flexible deformation in extrusion process, long-time service.So that using cold extrusion
The accuracy of manufacture for forming the tooth-shape structure on obtained part reaches the level of 7 grades~7.5 grades of (DIN), improves components
Intensity and transmission performance.Also, it is kept away by the amendment to tooth form so that the tooth form curvature of cavity plate internal tooth form cavity is more smooth
Exempting from the big part wears rate of the curvature part small greater than curvature causes mould and die accuracy to decline, and influence cold extrusion die uses the longevity
Life.
Embodiment two:
By taking the master gear of modulus m=0.5 as an example, cold extrusion die cavity plate tooth form cavity plate pressure angle corrected parameter is Δ α
=0.3 °, tip diameter correction value Δ da=0.015mm, root diameter correction value Δ df=0.005mm.
Embodiment three:
By taking the master gear of modulus m=2 as an example, the pressure angle corrected parameter of cold extrusion die cavity plate tooth form cavity plate is Δ α
=0.48 °, tip diameter correction value Δ da=0.016mm, root diameter correction value Δ df=0.006mm.
Example IV:
By taking the master gear of modulus m=2.1 as an example, the pressure angle corrected parameter of cold extrusion die cavity plate tooth form cavity plate is Δ
α=0.45 °, tip diameter correction value Δ da=0.016mm, root diameter correction value Δ df=0.006mm.
Embodiment five:
By taking the master gear of modulus m=2.54 as an example, the pressure angle corrected parameter of cold extrusion die cavity plate tooth form cavity plate is
Δ α=0.5 °, tip diameter correction value Δ da=0.018mm, root diameter correction value Δ df=0.007mm.
Embodiment six:
By taking the starter receiver of modulus m=3 as an example, the pressure angle corrected parameter of cold extrusion die cavity plate tooth form cavity plate is Δ α
=0.53 °, tip diameter correction value Δ da=0.018mm, root diameter correction value Δ df=0.007mm.
Embodiment seven:
By taking the starter receiver of modulus m=3.5 as an example, the pressure angle corrected parameter of cold extrusion die cavity plate tooth form cavity plate is Δ
α=0.59 °, tip diameter correction value Δ da=0.02mm, root diameter correction value Δ df=0.008mm.
Specific embodiment described herein is only an example for the spirit of the invention.The neck of technology belonging to the present invention
The technical staff in domain can make various modifications or additions to the described embodiments or replace by a similar method
In generation, however, it does not deviate from the spirit of the invention or beyond the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of original gap method of cold extrusion die, cold extrusion die include the cavity plate with tooth form cavity, feature exists
In specific step is as follows for the original gap method:
Step a, according to design requirement, the parameter of theoretical tooth form is listed；
Step b, the parameter of theoretical tooth form is modified to obtain the parameter of actual processing tooth form；
Step b-1, the pressure angle amendment of theoretical tooth form, when the modulus of theoretical tooth form is less than or equal to 2, the pressure of theoretical tooth form
+ 0.3 °~+0.48 ° of angle；When the modulus of theoretical tooth form is greater than 2 and is less than or equal to 3.5 ,+0.45 ° of the pressure angle of theoretical tooth form~
+0.58°；
Step b-2, be modified to the shape of theoretical tooth form: tip diameter amendment+0.015mm~+0.02mm, root circle are straight
Diameter amendment+0.005mm~+0.008mm；
Step b-3, actual processing tooth form is drawn；
Step c, the material of cavity plate is pre-processed；
Step d, low-speed WEDM equipment is programmed and inputted according to actual processing tooth form, to by pretreated material into
Row processing obtains the cavity plate with tooth form cavity.
2. the original gap method of cold extrusion die according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the material of the cavity plate is
LD steel, the step c specifically: step c-1, forge；Step c-2, it anneals 840~860 DEG C, keeps the temperature 2~3 hours；Step c-
3, it is machined；Step c-4, heat treatment temperature is to select in 1100~1180 DEG C, and Quench heating coefficient is 20~35min/mm；
Step c-5, cooling medium is oil, and tempering temperature is typically chosen in 530~570 DEG C；Step c-6, times of tempering is 2~3 times, often
Secondary tempering time is 1~2 hour, and tempering hardness is 56~62HRC.
3. the original gap method of cold extrusion die according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described in the step b
Pressure angle uses 20 ° of normal pressure angle.
4. the original gap method of cold extrusion die according to claim 1 or 2 or 3, which is characterized in that the step c
It can be before step a or before step b.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710722819.2A CN107297395B (en) | 2017-08-22 | 2017-08-22 | A kind of original gap method of cold extrusion die |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710722819.2A CN107297395B (en) | 2017-08-22 | 2017-08-22 | A kind of original gap method of cold extrusion die |
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| CN107297395A CN107297395A (en) | 2017-10-27 |
| CN107297395B true CN107297395B (en) | 2019-07-23 |
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Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110162930B (en) * | 2019-06-13 | 2022-11-22 | 河北科技大学 | Design method of straight toothed spur gear cold extrusion shaping die |
| CN110598350A (en) * | 2019-09-24 | 2019-12-20 | 贵州航天精工制造有限公司 | Design method of hobbing die |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103440371A (en) * | 2013-08-22 | 2013-12-11 | 江苏森威精锻有限公司 | Method for modifying forging tooth profile |
| CN104070333A (en) * | 2014-06-25 | 2014-10-01 | 河南平原光电有限公司 | Small-module straight bevel gear forming method numerical control machining process |
| CN105986074A (en) * | 2015-01-30 | 2016-10-05 | 重庆沁煌机械制造有限公司 | Die steel processing technology |
| CN106695265A (en) * | 2017-01-20 | 2017-05-24 | 常州市格里森前进齿轮有限公司 | Gear modification method |
-
2017
- 2017-08-22 CN CN201710722819.2A patent/CN107297395B/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103440371A (en) * | 2013-08-22 | 2013-12-11 | 江苏森威精锻有限公司 | Method for modifying forging tooth profile |
| CN104070333A (en) * | 2014-06-25 | 2014-10-01 | 河南平原光电有限公司 | Small-module straight bevel gear forming method numerical control machining process |
| CN105986074A (en) * | 2015-01-30 | 2016-10-05 | 重庆沁煌机械制造有限公司 | Die steel processing technology |
| CN106695265A (en) * | 2017-01-20 | 2017-05-24 | 常州市格里森前进齿轮有限公司 | Gear modification method |
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