A kind of superfine processing method of Cycloidal Wheel
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of mechanical processing, especially a kind of superfine processing method of Cycloidal Wheel.
Background technique
Cycloidal gear transmission is a kind of new model transmission, is just being quickly obtained more and more applications.Cycloidal gear transmission
The advantages of be that transmission ratio great ﹑ Jie structure Jin Cou ﹑ Xiao Shuai Gao ﹑ smooth running, service life are long etc..
Cycloidal gear transmission belongs to accurate control transmission, so being widely used in auto parts and components manufacture, packaging, doctor
The fields such as medicine, space flight.Compared with general Involutes Gears Transmission, its feature is, the hypocycloid of a pair of tooth profile concave when transmission
It is engaged with convex epicycloid, thus contact stress is small, even wearing;The registration of flank profil is larger, is conducive to changing for bending strength
It is kind;Without Undercutting Phenomenon, minimum teeth number is unrestricted, therefore compact-sized, and biggish transmission ratio also can be obtained.But as transmission
Core, Cycloidal Wheel the center of engagement Cycloidal Wheel is required away from, cycloid profile, three bearing holes it is very high, if it cannot be guaranteed that cycloid
These requirement on machining accuracy are taken turns, cycloid correct engagement is will affect, influences stable drive ratio transmission;In addition, the path of contact of this transmission
It is a part of circular arc, the angle of engagement is variation, therefore what the gear teeth bore is alternation active force, and machining accuracy is low, and to will affect transmission flat
Stability influences the entire retarder service life;So the accuracy of manufacture requirement of cycloid gear is very high.
China Patent Publication No. CN101571185A (publication date on November 4th, 2009) discloses a kind of cycloidal gear of speed reducer
Production technology, by closed mould forge set forging in the way of, forge two Cycloidal Wheel forging blanks and remnant forging thermal quenching, height
Temperature tempering improves product matter to replace pneumatic hammer loose tool forging cycloidal gear of speed reducer and common spheroidizing to a certain extent
Amount and production efficiency.
China Patent Publication No. CN103398157A (publication date on November 20th, 2013) discloses a kind of robot RV and subtracts
The manufacturing method of the Cycloidal Wheel of fast device gerotor device first forges two Cycloidal Wheel blanks, then cold extrusion processing;By two Cycloidal Wheels
It clamping and marks respectively simultaneously, on the basis of the center of circle of Cycloidal Wheel, processes six annular arrays on the surface of each Cycloidal Wheel
The circular hole of distribution;The flank of tooth is ground out one by one in the outer peripheral surface of two Cycloidal Wheels simultaneously, contacts needle roller in tooth socket for line;According to
Label, the first of a Cycloidal Wheel, third, the 5th circular hole are processed into irregularly-shaped hole, another Cycloidal Wheel second, the 4th,
6th circular hole is processed into irregularly-shaped hole.This method noise is small, reduces frictional force consumption, and calorific value reduces, and improves output effect
Rate extends the service life of product.
It is high that China Patent Publication No. CN105710619A (publication date on June 29th, 2016) discloses cycloid gear low cost
Processing method is imitated, is that 2 extrusion processes have been carried out to cycloid gear using film lubrication extrusion technique, using abrasive flow machining skill
Art is processed by shot blasting cycloid gear, makes that cycloid gear surface roughness is low, dimensional accuracy improves.
For the wear-resisting property for improving Cycloidal Wheel, general technology is all to improve surface quality to improve precision, such as by quenching
Fire guarantees surface hardness, guarantees surface roughness etc. by fine grinding.But in long-term use process, the cycloid of this technique processing
It is still not high to take turns its wear-resisting property, deformation and cracking situation are easy to appear in use process.In addition, in existing processing technology,
Cycloid tooth profile draws tooth processing or periphery to grind one by one using blank, and molding broaching tool cost is more expensive, in addition this processing mode
So that flank profil and the angular precision of bearing hole it is difficult to ensure that, increase grinding difficulty.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, difficulty of processing is reduced, precision is improved, the present invention provides a kind of the super of Cycloidal Wheel
Method for fine finishing.
The superfine processing method of Cycloidal Wheel provided by the invention, the Cycloidal Wheel include centre bore, bearing hole, profiled holes,
The groove of flank profil and both ends of the surface, procedure of processing include:
(1) raw material carry out blank forging, and isothermal spheroidizing after water cooling obtains pearlitic spheroidization tissue;
(2) each structure (entire infrastructure) of rough turn Cycloidal Wheel out;Rough turn Surface Quality it is of less demanding, mainly
Purpose is quick excision blank allowance;
(3) with oil for medium integral quenching;It improves bright property and service life, metallographic structure is good;
(4) ageing treatment: oil boils ageing treatment, natural cooling;Vibration stress relief treatment, natural cooling are carried out again;
(5) both ends of the surface of plane corase grinding Cycloidal Wheel;
(6) wire cutting cycloidal profile and bearing hole, and reserved grinding stock;
(7) oil boils ageing treatment, natural cooling;
(8) it refines: refining each structure to size, fine grinding and the measurement of size and carry out at a constant temperature.
In above-mentioned processing method, Reusability ageing treatment, and oil boils timeliness and combines with oscillating aging, and Lai Fanfu disappears
It removes after the internal stress of part, especially oil boil ageing treatment and carries out vibration stress relief treatment again, by one by way of resonance
Fixed vibrational energy is transmitted to all sites of workpiece, can effectively prevent workpiece deformation in the process of processing and using and open
It splits, improves the stability of parts size precision.Common process has ignored the internal stress processing of part, therefore improves only surface and make
With situation, the wearability being unfavorable in long-term use process.The present invention carries out the roughing of flank profil and bearing hole using wire cutting,
It can guarantee the angular precision of flank profil and bearing hole very well, save grinding cost.
As a preferred embodiment, in the superfine processing method of above-mentioned Cycloidal Wheel, in step (8), fine grinding is using vertical shaft
Circular grinder refines both ends of the surface to size with both ends of the surface acted as reference mutual;Using jig grinder, using both ends of the surface as benchmark centering, one
Secondary clamping successively grinds interstitial hole, bearing hole and cycloidal profile.
The study found that the conventional positioning on the basis of centre bore is easy to produce resetting error, so that flank profil and bearing
The concentricity in hole it is difficult to ensure that.The present invention is positioned using end face, is ground primary positioning using coordinate while being ground flank profil and bearing hole,
The concentricity of flank profil and bearing hole in this way is easy to guarantee, realizes finishing while operation is again simple.
As a preferred embodiment, in the superfine processing method of above-mentioned Cycloidal Wheel, step (1) described water cooling is to be cooled to
650℃.Quick water cooling can prevent net carbide to be precipitated to 650 DEG C, be conducive to be closed followed by isothermal spheroidizing
The pearlitic spheroidization tissue of lattice quenched is prepared to be subsequent.
As a preferred embodiment, in the superfine processing method of above-mentioned Cycloidal Wheel, the oil of step (4) boils aging temperature
It is 130~150 DEG C, processing the time 24 hours or more.
As a preferred embodiment, in the superfine processing method of above-mentioned Cycloidal Wheel, the vibration stress relief treatment of step (4) when
Between be 20~50 minutes.The time range can all eliminate internal stress and time, improve efficiency.
As a preferred embodiment, in the superfine processing method of above-mentioned Cycloidal Wheel, in step (5), both ends of the surface allowance in total
0.10~0.15mm, 2800~3200rpm of grinding wheel speed when corase grinding.Grinding can be effectively reduced by improving grinding wheel speed to the range
Amount.
As a preferred embodiment, in the superfine processing method of above-mentioned Cycloidal Wheel, the grinding of step (6) wire cutting bearing hole is stayed
Amount is 0.10~0.15mm, and wire cutting flank profil grinding stock is 0.10mm.
As a preferred embodiment, in the superfine processing method of above-mentioned Cycloidal Wheel, the oily temperature for boiling timeliness is in step (7)
110~120 DEG C, the time 24 hours or more.Second of internal stress can be less, and appropriate reduction temperature is energy saving.
As a preferred embodiment, in the superfine processing method of above-mentioned Cycloidal Wheel, in step (8), thermostat temperature be 23~
27℃.Temperature can have an impact to the deformation of part, will affect the accuracy of processing, be kept at this temperature best.
As a preferred embodiment, in the superfine processing method of above-mentioned Cycloidal Wheel, the raw material are GCr15SiMn.This
After kind material processes, stability is good, and wearability is high, remaining general common pinion steel, such as 20CrMnMo, stability meeting
Difference, wearability are relatively poor.
The superfine processing method of Cycloidal Wheel provided by the invention, has the following beneficial effects:
Method of the invention cooperates oscillating aging by ageing treatment twice, and the inside that can eliminate Cycloidal Wheel is answered
Power improves Wear Resistance of Parts, prevents from deforming and cracking in the process of processing and using, guarantees part quality;Simplify processing
Difficulty, while accuracy can also be improved, dimensional accuracy is higher.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is 1 Cycloidal Wheel schematic view of the front view of embodiment;
Fig. 2 is the Cycloidal Wheel side structure schematic view of embodiment 1;
In figure:
1. profiled holes, 2. bearing holes, 3. centre bores, 4. profiles, 5. grooves.
Specific embodiment
In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solution of the present invention, With reference to embodiment to this hair
It is bright to be described in further detail.
The overall processing of 1 Cycloidal Wheel of embodiment
1. raw material use GCr15SiMn, quick water cooling after forging makes forging be cooled fast to 650 DEG C, prevents netted carbonization
Object is precipitated, and then carries out isothermal spheroidizing, obtains qualified pearlitic spheroidization tissue, quenched prepares to be subsequent.
2. pair Cycloidal Wheel carries out rough turn, outer circle, centre bore, profiled holes, the unilateral allowance 1mm of three bearing holes, both ends of the surface.
Cycloidal Wheel both ends of the surface Pocket Machining is to size.Roughing Surface Quality it is of less demanding, quickly cut off blank allowance.
3. being quenched using overall gear, hardening media is oil, and Cycloidal Wheel bright property can be made good, long service life, surface
Hardness is uniform, hardened depth, and metallographic structure is good.
4. boiling timeliness using oil, in order to eliminate accurate Cycloidal Wheel, size, shape change, raising is put in long-term use
The stability of line wheel carries out oil to Cycloidal Wheel and boils timeliness.It is required that workpiece is reheated to 130~150 DEG C, keep 24 hours with
On, then natural cooling.
5. certain vibrational energy is transmitted to all sites of workpiece by resonance mode, finally prevented by oscillating aging
Workpiece is deformed and is cracked in the process of processing and using, guarantees the stability of workpiece size precision.It is required that oscillating aging 20~50
Minute.
6. plane is roughly ground, both ends of the surface 0.1~0.15mm of allowance in total.The rotation speed of grinding wheel is improved extremely when corase grinding
3000rpm or so can effectively reduce stock removal.
7. on the basis of both ends of the surface, wire cutting centre bore and three bearing holes, 0.10~0.15mm of allowance, three profiled holes
It is worked into size, the profile allowance 0.10mm of Cycloidal Wheel.
8. boiling timeliness using oil, the internal stress that accurate Cycloidal Wheel is generated in flat stone mill, linear cutter is eliminated, work is eliminated
The internal stress that sequence 4 and 5 does not eliminate.110~120 DEG C are heated to it is required that workpiece again oil is boiled, kept for 24 hours or more, so
Natural cooling afterwards.
9. both ends of the surface acted as reference mutual, vertical shaft round table refines both ends of the surface, allowance 0.02mm.Both ends of the surface acted as reference mutual, grinding two
End face is ground to size.It is required that the flatness 0.002 of both ends of the surface, degree 0.002 parallel to each other, 0.4 μm of both ends surface roughness.
10. being ground using coordinate, using both ends of the surface as benchmark centering, clamped one time successively grinds interstitial hole, three bearing holes, pendulum
Line wheel profile.It needs to guarantee:
1. centre bore cylindricity 0.002, the verticality 0.004 of centre bore and B benchmark, 0.4 μm of central aperture surface roughness.
2. three bearing holes and A benchmark concentricity 0.003, three bearing holes are relative to the base position A degree 0.003, and three
Bearing hole is relative to B reference vehicular degree 0.004, and three 0.2 μm of bearing hole surface roughness.
3. cycloid contoured surface profile tolerance 0.005, cycloid profile is relative to B reference vehicular degree 0.004, transverse tooth thickness length bar span C
± 0.002, individual circular pitch error 0.003,0.4 μm of cycloid profile surface roughness.Referring to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2.
11. the fine grinding of Cycloidal Wheel must be processed in constant temperature workshop, measurement must also carry out at a constant temperature, thermostat temperature
25±2℃。
The high-accuracy three-dimensional coordinates measurement of Zeiss, product comply fully with expected requirement after professional Cycloidal Wheel measuring device.
Used herein a specific example illustrates the principle and implementation of the invention, and above embodiments are said
It is bright to be merely used to help understand the core idea of the present invention.It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art,
Without departing from the principle of the present invention, can be with several improvements and modifications are made to the present invention, these improvement and modification
It falls into the protection scope of the claims in the present invention.