CN107297395A - A kind of original gap method of cold extrusion die - Google Patents
A kind of original gap method of cold extrusion die Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN107297395A CN107297395A CN201710722819.2A CN201710722819A CN107297395A CN 107297395 A CN107297395 A CN 107297395A CN 201710722819 A CN201710722819 A CN 201710722819A CN 107297395 A CN107297395 A CN 107297395A
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- tooth form
- cold extrusion
- theoretical
- extrusion die
- original gap
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- 238000000641 cold extrusion Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 13
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000005489 elastic deformation Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000997 High-speed steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920000914 Metallic fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002715 modification method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012805 post-processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C25/00—Profiling tools for metal extruding
- B21C25/02—Dies
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
- B23P15/24—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass dies
Abstract
The invention provides a kind of original gap method of cold extrusion die, belong to field of mechanical technique.It solves the problem of parts precision of the cold extrusion processing with tooth-shape structure is relatively low.The original gap method of this cold extrusion die, is comprised the following steps that：Step a, according to design requirement, list the parameter of theoretical tooth form；Step b, the parameter to theoretical tooth form are modified the parameter for obtaining actual processing tooth form；Step b 1, theoretical tooth form pressure angle amendment；Step b 2, the shape to theoretical tooth form are modified；Step b 3, by theoretical original gap；Step b 3, drafting actual processing tooth form；Step c, the material to cavity plate are pre-processed；Step d, it is programmed according to actual processing tooth form and inputs low-speed WEDM equipment, the material by pretreatment is processed and obtains the cavity plate with tooth form cavity.The present invention improves machining accuracy by being modified to the cold extrusion shaped tooth-shape structure pressure angle of needs and shape.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of mechanical technique, it is related to a kind of cold extrusion die, particularly a kind of tooth form of cold extrusion die
Modification method.
Background technology
Profiled parts refer to gear or the part with tooth-shape structure, in the prior art, the tooth form knot on profiled parts
Structure, generally using machining, for example, the form cutting processed using milling machine, utilizes special purpose machine tool (gear-hobbing machine, gear shapping machine, plane
Tooth machine and gear grinding machines) generation method etc., also have and profiled parts processed using cold extrusion.
Compared with mach profiled parts, by the cold extrusion shaped profiled parts processed, in Cold Extrusion Process
Metal is plastically deformed under high stress, therefore the tooth-shape structure dense structure formed, the continuous fatigue strength of metallic fiber and resistance to
Gear of the mill property all than machining is high.Particularly cold extrusion shaped tooth-shape structure one end closing, is tooth form knot
Structure provides extra bending strength, it is possible to increase the performance that profiled parts work under frequent impact and top load operating mode.
For example, Chinese patent【Application number：201210339134.7；Application publication number CN102825088A】Disclosed one kind
Gear shaft cold extrusion die and its extrusion process, wherein, gear shaft cold extrusion die includes gear die, and the number of teeth of gear die is
15, pressure angle is 20 °, and modulus is 0.9, base tangent length 4.180, modification coefficient+0.02；The top of gear die sets lower cover
Set on mould, lower cover mold and backing plate and square tenon mould are installed successively from top to bottom in upper bolster, upper bolster, and square tenon mould and lower cover mold
Between set pressure pipe mould.Gear shaft cold-extrusion technology, comprises the following steps：1) hot upsetting blank：By an end head upsetting of raw material
Slightly；2) appearance and size is processed：Workpiece surface roughness is improved using rough turn or corase grind, to meet the requirement of mould crowded teeth；3) table
Face lubricates：Workpiece surface adheres to one layer of lubricating film, makes workpiece smooth with contacting dies, while extending die life；4) squeeze
Tooth：Using mould by extrusion forming of the gear on head and the square tenon at middle part.
But profiled parts it is cold extrusion shaped during, mould can be squeezed power cause in forming process occur elasticity become
Shape, and because the big part wears rate of mould mean curvature in extrusion process is more than the small part of curvature, cause as mould makes
With the increase of time, deviation can also occur for the tooth-shape structure processed.By the shadow of Die Elastic Deformation, abrasion and heat treatment
Ring, cause the cold extrusion shaped tooth-shape structure processed to there are certain form variations with design requirement, and use for a long time
The tooth-shape structure that post-processing goes out further produces form variations, causes the product quality processed unstable.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is there is above mentioned problem for existing technology, it is proposed that a kind of tooth form of cold extrusion die is repaiied
Correction method, present invention solves the technical problem that being the processing essence of tooth-shape structure in the part for how to improve cold extrusion shaped processing
Degree.
The purpose of the present invention can be realized by following technical proposal：A kind of original gap method of cold extrusion die, it is cold
Extrusion die includes the cavity plate with tooth form cavity, it is characterised in that the original gap method is comprised the following steps that：
Step a, according to design requirement, list the parameter of theoretical tooth form；
Step b, the parameter to theoretical tooth form are modified the parameter for obtaining actual processing tooth form；
Step b-1, theoretical tooth form pressure angle amendment, when the modulus of theoretical tooth form is less than or equal to 2, theoretical tooth form
+ 0.3 °~+0.48 ° of pressure angle；When the modulus of theoretical tooth form is more than 2 and during less than or equal to 3.5, the pressure angle of theoretical tooth form+
0.45 °~+0.58 °.
Step b-2, the shape to theoretical tooth form are modified：Tip diameter amendment+0.015mm~+0.02mm, tooth root
Circular diameter amendment+0.005mm~+0.008mm；
Step b-3, drafting actual processing tooth form；
Step c, the material to cavity plate are pre-processed；
Step d, it is programmed according to actual processing tooth form and inputs low-speed WEDM equipment, to the material by pretreatment
Material, which is processed, obtains the cavity plate with tooth form cavity.
Tooth-shape structure is processed by using cold extrusion die, cold extrusion die can make tooth form manufacture essence using high speed steel material
Degree reaches 6 grades of (DIN), under mass production environment, and the tooth form accuracy of manufacture is generally 7 grades~8 grades of (DIN).
The original gap method of this cold extrusion die is modified by pressure angle and shape to theoretical tooth form so that plus
The tooth-shape structure on part that work goes out is by elastic deformation of the mould in extrusion process, the abrasion and zero after long-term use
Higher machining accuracy is reached under the influence of part heat treatment so that the tooth form accuracy of manufacture reaches the level of 7 grades~7.5 grades of (DIN).
Also, pass through the amendment to tooth form so that the tooth form curvature of cavity plate internal tooth form cavity is more smooth, it is to avoid the big part mill of curvature
Damaging the speed part small more than curvature causes mould to use precise decreasing after a period of time, influences the use longevity of cold extrusion die
Life.
In the original gap method of above-mentioned cold extrusion die, the material of the cavity plate is LD steel, and the step c is specific
For：Step c-1, forge；Step c-2,840~860 DEG C of annealing, are incubated 2~3 hours；Step c-3, machining；Step c-4,
Heat treatment temperature is selection in 1100~1180 DEG C, and Quench heating coefficient is 20~35；Step c-5, cooling medium are oil-temper
Temperature is typically chosen in 530~570 DEG C；Step c-6, times of tempering are 2~3 times, and each tempering time is 1~2 hour, tempering
Hardness is 56~62HRC.By being heat-treated to LD steel, the hardness of cavity plate is improved, is reduced in cold extrusion shaped middle generation
Elastic deformation causes the error that the tooth-shape structure processed occurs.
In the original gap method of above-mentioned cold extrusion die, in the step b, the pressure angle uses normal pressure
20 ° of angle.Pressure angle is modified on the basis of normal pressure angle, is ensureing the premise of tooth-shape structure intensity and transmission performance
Under, optimize the tooth form of gear structure, make that the profile accuracy of cold extrusion shaped obtained gear structure is higher, homogeneity of product is more
It is good.
In the original gap method of above-mentioned cold extrusion die, the step c can be before step a or in step
Before b.
Compared with prior art, the original gap method of this cold extrusion die passes through to needing cold extrusion shaped tooth form knot
The theoretical tooth form of structure is optimized, and the pressure angle and shape of theoretical tooth form are modified, so as to reduce the change of cold extrusion die
Shape, abrasion and part are heat-treated the influence to tooth form, improve the machining accuracy of cold extrusion shaped tooth-shape structure.
Embodiment
The following is the specific embodiment of the present invention, technical scheme is further described, but the present invention is simultaneously
It is not limited to these embodiments.
Embodiment one：
Cold extrusion die include with tooth form cavity cavity plate, it is cold extrusion shaped during, material enter cavity plate tooth form
It is plastically deformed in cavity and in the presence of punch-pin extruding force, so as to form tooth-shape structure in tooth form cavity.In order to gram
Part of the clothes with tooth-shape structure during cold extrusion shaped the elastic deformation of mould, be used for a long time after abrasion and part
The influence to machining accuracy is heat-treated, the tooth form in the tooth form cavity of cold extrusion die is modified.
The original gap method of this cold extrusion die, is comprised the following steps that：
Step a, according to design requirement, list the parameter of theoretical tooth form；
Step b, the parameter to theoretical tooth form are modified the parameter for obtaining actual processing tooth form；
Step b-1, theoretical tooth form pressure angle amendment, when the modulus of theoretical tooth form is less than or equal to 2, theoretical tooth form
+ 0.3 °~+0.48 ° of pressure angle；When the modulus of theoretical tooth form is more than 2 and during less than or equal to 3.5, the pressure angle of theoretical tooth form+
0.45 °~+0.58 °；
Step b-2, the shape to theoretical tooth form are modified：Tip diameter amendment+0.015mm~+0.02mm, tooth root
Circular diameter amendment+0.005mm~+0.008mm；
Step b-3, drafting actual processing tooth form；
Step c, the material to cavity plate are pre-processed；
In the present embodiment, the material of cavity plate is LD steel, and the step c is specially：
Step c-1, forge；
Step c-2,840~860 DEG C of annealing, are incubated 2~3 hours；
Step c-3, machining；
Step c-4, heat treatment temperature are selection in 1100~1180 DEG C, and Quench heating coefficient is 20~35；
Step c-5, cooling medium are that oil-temper temperature is typically chosen in 530~570 DEG C；
Step c-6, times of tempering are 2~3 times, and each tempering time is 1~2 hour, and tempering hardness is 56~62HRC.
During specific manufacture, step c can be before step a or before step b.
Step d, it is programmed according to actual processing tooth form and inputs low-speed WEDM equipment, to the material by pretreatment
Material, which is processed, obtains the cavity plate with tooth form cavity.
In step d, low-speed WEDM equipment can select Mitsubishi FA20S slow feeding linear cuttings, add actual
Work tooth form inputs low-speed WEDM equipment.
The original gap method of this cold extrusion die is modified by pressure angle and shape to theoretical tooth form, overcomes mould
Has the influence of the elastic deformation in extrusion process, the abrasion after long-term use and part heat treatment.So that using cold extrusion
The accuracy of manufacture for the tooth-shape structure being molded on obtained part reaches the level of 7 grades~7.5 grades of (DIN), improves parts
Intensity and transmission performance.Also, pass through the amendment to tooth form so that the tooth form curvature of cavity plate internal tooth form cavity is more smooth, keeps away
Exempting from the big part wears speed of the curvature part small more than curvature causes mould and die accuracy to decline, and influences the use longevity of cold extrusion die
Life.
Embodiment two：
By taking modulus m=0.5 master gear as an example, cold extrusion die cavity plate tooth form cavity plate pressure angle corrected parameter is Δ α
=0.3 °, tip diameter correction value Δ da=0.015mm, root diameter correction value Δ df=0.005mm.
Embodiment three：
By taking modulus m=2 master gear as an example, the pressure angle corrected parameter of cold extrusion die cavity plate tooth form cavity plate is Δ α
=0.48 °, tip diameter correction value Δ da=0.016mm, root diameter correction value Δ df=0.006mm.
Example IV：
By taking modulus m=2.1 master gear as an example, the pressure angle corrected parameter of cold extrusion die cavity plate tooth form cavity plate is Δ
α=0.45 °, tip diameter correction value Δ da=0.016mm, root diameter correction value Δ df=0.006mm.
Embodiment five：
By taking modulus m=2.54 master gear as an example, the pressure angle corrected parameter of cold extrusion die cavity plate tooth form cavity plate is
Δ α=0.5 °, tip diameter correction value Δ da=0.018mm, root diameter correction value Δ df=0.007mm.
Embodiment six：
By taking modulus m=3 starter receiver as an example, the pressure angle corrected parameter of cold extrusion die cavity plate tooth form cavity plate is Δ α
=0.53 °, tip diameter correction value Δ da=0.018mm, root diameter correction value Δ df=0.007mm.
Embodiment seven：
By taking modulus m=3.5 starter receiver as an example, the pressure angle corrected parameter of cold extrusion die cavity plate tooth form cavity plate is Δ
α=0.59 °, tip diameter correction value Δ da=0.02mm, root diameter correction value Δ df=0.008mm.
Specific embodiment described herein is only to spirit explanation for example of the invention.Technology neck belonging to of the invention
The technical staff in domain can be made various modifications or supplement to described specific embodiment or be replaced using similar mode
Generation, but without departing from the spiritual of the present invention or surmount scope defined in appended claims.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of original gap method of cold extrusion die, cold extrusion die includes the cavity plate with tooth form cavity, its feature exists
In the original gap method is comprised the following steps that：
Step a, according to design requirement, list the parameter of theoretical tooth form；
Step b, the parameter to theoretical tooth form are modified the parameter for obtaining actual processing tooth form；
Step b-1, theoretical tooth form pressure angle amendment, when the modulus of theoretical tooth form is less than or equal to 2, the pressure of theoretical tooth form
+ 0.3 °~+0.48 ° of angle；When the modulus of theoretical tooth form is more than 2 and during less than or equal to 3.5 ,+0.45 ° of the pressure angle of theoretical tooth form~
+0.58°；
Step b-2, the shape to theoretical tooth form are modified：Tip diameter amendment+0.015mm~+0.02mm, root circle is straight
Footpath amendment+0.005mm~+0.008mm；
Step b-3, drafting actual processing tooth form；
Step c, the material to cavity plate are pre-processed；
Step d, it is programmed according to actual processing tooth form and inputs low-speed WEDM equipment, the material by pretreatment is entered
Row processing obtains the cavity plate with tooth form cavity.
2. the original gap method of cold extrusion die according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the material of the cavity plate is
LD steel, the step c is specially：Step c-1, forge；Step c-2,840~860 DEG C of annealing, are incubated 2~3 hours；Step c-
3rd, it is machined；Step c-4, heat treatment temperature are selection in 1100~1180 DEG C, and Quench heating coefficient is 20~35；Step c-
5th, cooling medium is that oil-temper temperature is typically chosen in 530~570 DEG C；Step c-6, times of tempering are 2~3 times, every time tempering
Time is 1~2 hour, and tempering hardness is 56~62HRC.
3. the original gap method of cold extrusion die according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described in the step b
Pressure angle uses 20 ° of normal pressure angle.
4. the original gap method of the cold extrusion die according to claim 1 or 2 or 3, it is characterised in that the step c
Can be before step a or before step b.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710722819.2A CN107297395B (en) | 2017-08-22 | 2017-08-22 | A kind of original gap method of cold extrusion die |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710722819.2A CN107297395B (en) | 2017-08-22 | 2017-08-22 | A kind of original gap method of cold extrusion die |
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| CN107297395A true CN107297395A (en) | 2017-10-27 |
| CN107297395B CN107297395B (en) | 2019-07-23 |
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| CN201710722819.2A Active CN107297395B (en) | 2017-08-22 | 2017-08-22 | A kind of original gap method of cold extrusion die |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110162930A (en) * | 2019-06-13 | 2019-08-23 | 河北科技大学 | A kind of design method of straight spur gear cold extrusion shaping mould |
| CN110598350A (en) * | 2019-09-24 | 2019-12-20 | 贵州航天精工制造有限公司 | Design method of hobbing die |
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| CN103440371A (en) * | 2013-08-22 | 2013-12-11 | 江苏森威精锻有限公司 | Method for modifying forging tooth profile |
| CN104070333A (en) * | 2014-06-25 | 2014-10-01 | 河南平原光电有限公司 | Small-module straight bevel gear forming method numerical control machining process |
| CN105986074A (en) * | 2015-01-30 | 2016-10-05 | 重庆沁煌机械制造有限公司 | Die steel processing technology |
| CN106695265A (en) * | 2017-01-20 | 2017-05-24 | 常州市格里森前进齿轮有限公司 | Gear modification method |
-
2017
- 2017-08-22 CN CN201710722819.2A patent/CN107297395B/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103440371A (en) * | 2013-08-22 | 2013-12-11 | 江苏森威精锻有限公司 | Method for modifying forging tooth profile |
| CN104070333A (en) * | 2014-06-25 | 2014-10-01 | 河南平原光电有限公司 | Small-module straight bevel gear forming method numerical control machining process |
| CN105986074A (en) * | 2015-01-30 | 2016-10-05 | 重庆沁煌机械制造有限公司 | Die steel processing technology |
| CN106695265A (en) * | 2017-01-20 | 2017-05-24 | 常州市格里森前进齿轮有限公司 | Gear modification method |
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| Title |
|---|
| 中国机械工程学会塑性工程学会: "《锻压手册》", 31 January 2008, 机械工业出版社 * |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110162930A (en) * | 2019-06-13 | 2019-08-23 | 河北科技大学 | A kind of design method of straight spur gear cold extrusion shaping mould |
| CN110598350A (en) * | 2019-09-24 | 2019-12-20 | 贵州航天精工制造有限公司 | Design method of hobbing die |
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| CN107297395B (en) | 2019-07-23 |
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