CN107296907A - 一种包膜磷酸哌嗪片及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种包膜磷酸哌嗪片及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明属于生物医药领域,具体涉及一种包膜磷酸哌嗪片及其制备方法。针对传统的磷酸哌嗪在胃中消化,难以到达肠内发挥作用的问题,本发明提供一种包膜磷酸哌嗪片及其制备方法。本发明的包膜磷酸哌嗪片,包括最内层、中间层和最外层,所述最内层为磷酸哌嗪片,所述中间层由茯苓、白术、黄芪、人参、淮山、薏米、灵芝和黄精炼制而成;所述最外层由糊精和羧甲基纤维素钠组成。本发明的包膜磷酸哌嗪片用药量低、安全性高、成本低,值得推广使用。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于生物医药领域,具体涉及一种包膜磷酸哌嗪片及其制备方法。
背景技术
磷酸哌嗪亦称哌嗪磷酸盐或磷酸哌嗪一水合物,化学式为C4H10N2H3PO4H2O,分子量202.15。以磷酸哌嗪为主要成分的磷酸哌嗪宝塔糖是传统的驱虫药物,是目前较理想的驱蛔药物之一。该药具有疗效高、毒性低、用法简便等优点。磷酸哌嗪具有麻痹蛔虫的作用,驱除蛔虫的作用机理可能是哌嗪在虫体神经肌肉接头处发挥抗胆碱作用,阻断乙酰胆碱对蛔虫肌肉的兴奋作用,或改变虫体肌肉细胞膜对离子的通透性,影响神经冲动的传递;亦可抑制琥珀酸盐的产生,减少能量的供应,阻断神经肌肉接头处,使冲动不能下达。从而使蛔虫从寄生的部位脱开,随肠蠕动而排出体外。蛔虫在麻痹前不表现兴奋作用,对哺乳类动物的肌肉作用亦很微弱,故使用本品具有较高的安全性。除此之外,其对蛲虫亦有驱虫作用,但作用机理尚未明确。
传统的磷酸哌嗪在胃中即被消化,到达肠内的药量降低,要么驱虫效果不好,要么副作用明显,有效性差。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题为:传统的磷酸哌嗪在胃中消化,难以到达肠内发挥作用的问题。
本发明解决技术问题的技术方案为:提供一种包膜磷酸哌嗪片及其制备方法。
本发明提供一种包膜磷酸哌嗪片,包括最内层、中间层和最外层,所述最内层为磷酸哌嗪片,所述中间层由茯苓、白术、黄芪、人参、淮山、薏米、灵芝和黄精炼制而成;所述最外层由糊精和羧甲基纤维素钠组成。
其中,上述包膜磷酸哌嗪片中,所述最内层的磷酸哌嗪片纯度≥90%。
其中,上述包膜磷酸哌嗪片中,所述最内层、中间层和最外层的厚度比为3-5:2:2。
其中,上述包膜磷酸哌嗪片中,所述最内层磷酸哌嗪片的含量为200-250mg/片。
其中,上述包膜磷酸哌嗪片中,所述中间层的茯苓、白术、黄芪、人参、淮山、薏米、灵芝和黄精的重量比为:3-5:1-2:1-2:2-3:2-3:1-2:1-2:2-3。
其中,上述包膜磷酸哌嗪片中,所述最外层中糊精和羧甲基纤维素钠的重量比为4-7:1-3。
本发明还提供了一种包膜磷酸哌嗪片的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
a、取磷酸哌嗪粉末200-250mg,加入粉末重量2-3倍的甘油三酯,混匀后于30-50℃、0.04-0.07pa的条件下干燥3-5h,制得最内层磷酸哌嗪片;
b、将重量比为3-5:1-2:1-2:2-3:2-3:1-2:1-2:2-3的茯苓、白术、黄芪、人参、淮山、薏米、灵芝和黄精粉碎成粒径≤0.5mm的粉末,放入蒸馏瓶中,加入原料重量1-2倍的水,70-90℃进行蒸馏,收集蒸馏后溶液;
将步骤a制备的磷酸哌嗪片浸入蒸馏得到的溶液中,浸入-干燥反复进行5-10次,制得具有最内层和中间层的磷酸哌嗪片;
c、将糊精和羧甲基纤维素钠按重量比4-7:1-3混匀后,加入原料重量0.8-1.2倍的水,搅拌30-45min,制得最外层原料;
d、将步骤b制备得到的具有最内层和中间层的磷酸哌嗪片放入步骤c的最外层原料中,均匀的包覆后干燥3-5h,得到包膜磷酸哌嗪片。
本发明的有益效果为:本发明提供一种包膜磷酸哌嗪片,在传统的磷酸哌嗪片上覆盖一层中药保护层,再覆盖糊精和羧甲基纤维素钠混合的包覆层,能够减少磷酸哌嗪的用药剂量,使达到肠道的磷酸哌嗪量增加;并且,由于中间层添加了中药成分,使得包膜磷酸哌嗪片安全性高,在对蛔虫进行作用时有效的保护了胃肠道。本发明方法操作简单,设备要求低,生产成本低,具有明显的经济效益。
具体实施方式
本发明提供了一种包膜磷酸哌嗪片,包括最内层、中间层和最外层,所述最内层为磷酸哌嗪片,所述中间层由茯苓、白术、黄芪、人参、淮山、薏米、灵芝和黄精炼制而成;所述最外层由糊精和羧甲基纤维素钠组成。
其中,上述包膜磷酸哌嗪片中,为了使磷酸哌嗪有效性提高,达到更好的驱虫效果,本发明所述最内层的磷酸哌嗪片纯度≥90%。
其中,上述包膜磷酸哌嗪片中,所述最内层、中间层和最外层的厚度比为3-5:2:2。最内层的磷酸哌嗪片的量要多于中间层和最外层,才能保证在经过胃时没有被完全消化,有效的到达肠道。中间层和最外层的厚度不宜过低,过低则起不到包被的效果,磷酸哌嗪在胃中就被释放,驱虫效果降低;包覆层也不宜过厚,过厚则在肠道中释放缓慢,同样会影响驱虫效果。
其中,上述包膜磷酸哌嗪片中,所述最内层磷酸哌嗪片的含量为200-250mg/片。本发明中的磷酸哌嗪单片含量为200-250mg,较一般的磷酸哌嗪宝塔糖含量低,由于覆盖了两层包膜,胃中释放的磷酸哌嗪片减少,能有效的作用于肠道,故而降低了磷酸哌嗪的单片含量,驱虫效果也能达到好的效果。
其中,上述包膜磷酸哌嗪片中,所述中间层的茯苓、白术、黄芪、人参、淮山、薏米、灵芝和黄精的重量比为:3-5:1-2:1-2:2-3:2-3:1-2:1-2:2-3。所述的茯苓、白术、黄芪、人参、淮山、薏米、灵芝和黄精能保护胃肠道黏膜,修复驱虫后造成的胃肠道黏膜损伤。
其中,上述包膜磷酸哌嗪片中,所述最外层中糊精和羧甲基纤维素钠的重量比为4-7:1-3。
本发明还提供了一种包膜磷酸哌嗪片的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
a、取磷酸哌嗪粉末200-250mg,加入粉末重量2-3倍的甘油三酯,混匀后于30-50℃、0.04-0.07pa的条件下干燥3-5h,制得最内层磷酸哌嗪片;
b、将重量比为3-5:1-2:1-2:2-3:2-3:1-2:1-2:2-3的茯苓、白术、黄芪、人参、淮山、薏米、灵芝和黄精粉碎成粒径≤0.5mm的粉末,放入蒸馏瓶中,加入原料重量1-2倍的水,70-90℃进行蒸馏,收集蒸馏后溶液;
将步骤a制备的磷酸哌嗪片浸入蒸馏得到的溶液中,浸入-干燥反复进行5-10次,制得具有最内层和中间层的磷酸哌嗪片;
c、将糊精和羧甲基纤维素钠按重量比4-7:1-3混匀后,加入原料重量0.8-1.2倍的水,搅拌30-45min,制得最外层原料;
d、将步骤b制备得到的具有最内层和中间层的磷酸哌嗪片放入步骤c的最外层原料中,均匀的包覆后干燥3-5h,得到包膜磷酸哌嗪片。
本发明包膜磷酸哌嗪片的制备方法中,最内层得磷酸哌嗪片采用常规的药物制片的方法进行,加入甘油三酯,能有效锁住磷酸哌嗪有效成分,低温低压下制成片剂,维持了药效的稳定。
本发明的关键在于覆盖了两层包覆膜,分别为中间层的中药材膜和最外层的糊精和羧甲基纤维素钠包膜。本发明中所用的中药材,都能修复受损细胞,能够有效的保护胃肠道黏膜,不会因为驱虫而造成胃肠道黏膜损伤,因此,本发明的包膜磷酸哌嗪片饭前饭后服用均可,不会造成消化不良、腹泻、腹痛等不良作用。此外,本发明还在最外面包覆了一层糊精和羧甲基纤维素钠包膜,糊精和羧甲基纤维素钠包膜不易降解,能有效的通过胃酸的降解,使磷酸哌嗪有效成分到达肠道,从而进行驱虫,驱虫效果更好,使用磷酸哌嗪的剂量更低,节约了生产成本。
下面通过实施例对本发明的具体实施方式做进一步的解释说明,但不表示将本发明的保护范围限制在实施例所述范围内。
实施例1 用本发明方法制备包膜磷酸哌嗪片
具体的制备步骤如下:
a、取磷酸哌嗪粉末200mg,加入粉末重量2倍的甘油三酯,混匀后于30℃、0.04pa的条件下干燥3h,制得最内层磷酸哌嗪片;
b、将重量比为3:1:1:3:3:1:1:3的茯苓、白术、黄芪、人参、淮山、薏米、灵芝和黄精粉碎成粒径≤0.5mm的粉末,放入蒸馏瓶中,加入原料重量1倍的水,70℃进行蒸馏,收集蒸馏后溶液;
将步骤a制备的磷酸哌嗪片浸入蒸馏得到的溶液中,浸入-干燥反复进行5次,制得具有最内层和中间层的磷酸哌嗪片;
c、将糊精和羧甲基纤维素钠按重量比4:1混匀后,加入原料重量0.8倍的水,搅拌30min,制得最外层原料;
d、将步骤b制备得到的具有最内层和中间层的磷酸哌嗪片放入步骤c的最外层原料中,均匀的包覆后干燥3h,得到包膜磷酸哌嗪片。
实施例2 用本发明方法制备包膜磷酸哌嗪片
具体的制备步骤如下:
a、取磷酸哌嗪粉末250mg,加入粉末重量3倍的甘油三酯,混匀后于50℃、0.07pa的条件下干燥5h,制得最内层磷酸哌嗪片;
b、将重量比为5:2:2:3:2:1:1:2的茯苓、白术、黄芪、人参、淮山、薏米、灵芝和黄精粉碎成粒径≤0.5mm的粉末,放入蒸馏瓶中,加入原料重量2倍的水,90℃进行蒸馏,收集蒸馏后溶液;
将步骤a制备的磷酸哌嗪片浸入蒸馏得到的溶液中,浸入-干燥反复进行10次,制得具有最内层和中间层的磷酸哌嗪片;
c、将糊精和羧甲基纤维素钠按重量比7:1混匀后,加入原料重量1.2倍的水,搅拌45min,制得最外层原料;
d、将步骤b制备得到的具有最内层和中间层的磷酸哌嗪片放入步骤c的最外层原料中,均匀的包覆后干燥5h,得到包膜磷酸哌嗪片。
实施例3 用本发明方法制备包膜磷酸哌嗪片
具体的制备步骤如下:
a、取磷酸哌嗪粉末250mg,加入粉末重量3倍的甘油三酯,混匀后于40℃、0.05pa的条件下干燥4h,制得最内层磷酸哌嗪片;
b、将重量比为5:1:1:3:2:1:1.5:1.5的茯苓、白术、黄芪、人参、淮山、薏米、灵芝和黄精粉碎成粒径≤0.5mm的粉末,放入蒸馏瓶中,加入原料重量2倍的水,80℃进行蒸馏,收集蒸馏后溶液;
将步骤a制备的磷酸哌嗪片浸入蒸馏得到的溶液中,浸入-干燥反复进行10次,制得具有最内层和中间层的磷酸哌嗪片;
c、将糊精和羧甲基纤维素钠按重量比7:3混匀后,加入原料重量1倍的水,搅拌45min,制得最外层原料;
d、将步骤b制备得到的具有最内层和中间层的磷酸哌嗪片放入步骤c的最外层原料中,均匀的包覆后干燥3-5h,得到包膜磷酸哌嗪片。
对比例4 采用现有的方法制备磷酸哌嗪片
具体的制备步骤如下:
取磷酸哌嗪粉末250mg,加入粉末重量3倍的水,混匀后于40℃、0.05pa的条件下干燥4h,得到磷酸哌嗪片。
效果验证
选取200名受试者进行药物试验,受试者为半年内未服用驱虫药物的健康成人(体重为50-70kg,年龄30-50周岁),将受试者随机的分为四组,分别服用实施例1-3和对比例4制备的药物,均于午饭前30min口服给药,观察驱虫效果,得到如下表1所示的结果。
表1 不同方法制备的磷酸哌嗪片驱虫效果表
由上述统计结果可看出,服用本发明制备的包膜磷酸哌嗪片,能够有效驱虫,驱虫率高,并且不良反应降低,不会出现呕吐、腹泻等副作用,本发明的包膜磷酸哌嗪片制备简单,效果显著,值得推广使用。
Claims (7)
1.一种包膜磷酸哌嗪片,其特征在于:包括最内层、中间层和最外层,所述最内层为磷酸哌嗪片,所述中间层由茯苓、白术、黄芪、人参、淮山、薏米、灵芝和黄精炼制而成;所述最外层由糊精和羧甲基纤维素钠组成。
2.根据权利要求1所述的包膜磷酸哌嗪片,其特征在于:所述最内层的磷酸哌嗪片纯度≥90%。
3.根据权利要求1所述的包膜磷酸哌嗪片,其特征在于:所述最内层、中间层和最外层的厚度比为3-5:2:2。
4.根据权利要求1所述的包膜磷酸哌嗪片,其特征在于:所述最内层磷酸哌嗪片的含量为200-250mg/片。
5.根据权利要求1所述的包膜磷酸哌嗪片,其特征在于:所述中间层的茯苓、白术、黄芪、人参、淮山、薏米、灵芝和黄精的重量比为:3-5:1-2:1-2:2-3:2-3:1-2:1-2:2-3。
6.根据权利要求1所述的包膜磷酸哌嗪片,其特征在于:所述最外层中糊精和羧甲基纤维素钠的重量比为4-7:1-3。
7.权利要求1-6任一项所述的包膜磷酸哌嗪片的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
a、取磷酸哌嗪粉末200-250mg,加入粉末重量2-3倍的甘油三酯,混匀后于30-50℃、0.04-0.07pa的条件下干燥3-5h,制得最内层磷酸哌嗪片;
b、将重量比为3-5:1-2:1-2:2-3:2-3:1-2:1-2:2-3的茯苓、白术、黄芪、人参、淮山、薏米、灵芝和黄精粉碎成粒径≤0.5mm的粉末,放入蒸馏瓶中,加入原料重量1-2倍的水,70-90℃进行蒸馏,收集蒸馏后溶液;
将步骤a制备的磷酸哌嗪片浸入蒸馏得到的溶液中,浸入-干燥反复进行5-10次,制得具有最内层和中间层的磷酸哌嗪片;
c、将糊精和羧甲基纤维素钠按重量比4-7:1-3混匀后,加入原料重量0.8-1.2倍的水,搅拌30-45min,制得最外层原料;
d、将步骤b制备得到的具有最内层和中间层的磷酸哌嗪片放入步骤c的最外层原料中,均匀的包覆后干燥3-5h,得到包膜磷酸哌嗪片。
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