CN107290226A - A kind of liquid nitrogen refrigerating erecting device for true triaxial hydraulic fracturing simulated experiment - Google Patents

A kind of liquid nitrogen refrigerating erecting device for true triaxial hydraulic fracturing simulated experiment Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107290226A
CN107290226A CN201710663731.8A CN201710663731A CN107290226A CN 107290226 A CN107290226 A CN 107290226A CN 201710663731 A CN201710663731 A CN 201710663731A CN 107290226 A CN107290226 A CN 107290226A
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liquid nitrogen
press cylinder
cylinder
main frame
pressure break
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CN107290226B (en
Inventor
陈晨
朱颖
张晗
孙友宏
陈勇
李曦桐
潘栋彬
靳成才
刘书源
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Jilin University
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Jilin University
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N3/00Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N3/08Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
    • G01N3/18Performing tests at high or low temperatures
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N3/00Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N3/02Details
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/0014Type of force applied
    • G01N2203/0016Tensile or compressive
    • G01N2203/0019Compressive
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/003Generation of the force
    • G01N2203/0042Pneumatic or hydraulic means
    • G01N2203/0048Hydraulic means
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/0058Kind of property studied
    • G01N2203/006Crack, flaws, fracture or rupture
    • G01N2203/0062Crack or flaws
    • G01N2203/0064Initiation of crack
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/0058Kind of property studied
    • G01N2203/006Crack, flaws, fracture or rupture
    • G01N2203/0062Crack or flaws
    • G01N2203/0066Propagation of crack
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/02Details not specific for a particular testing method
    • G01N2203/022Environment of the test
    • G01N2203/0222Temperature
    • G01N2203/0226High temperature; Heating means
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/02Details not specific for a particular testing method
    • G01N2203/022Environment of the test
    • G01N2203/0222Temperature
    • G01N2203/0228Low temperature; Cooling means
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/02Details not specific for a particular testing method
    • G01N2203/025Geometry of the test
    • G01N2203/0256Triaxial, i.e. the forces being applied along three normal axes of the specimen

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of liquid nitrogen refrigerating erecting device for true triaxial hydraulic fracturing simulated experiment, including three axle presser units, microwave heating unit and liquid nitrogen refrigerating unit:The present invention is by the way that cryogenic piping is connected with refrigeration experiment test block with pressure break room main frame.For the liquid nitrogen refrigerating erecting device of true triaxial hydraulic fracturing simulated experiment, the simulated experiment of the expansion and contraction property to the rock under the conditions of simulated ground stress, and the influence of energy simulation rock expansion and contraction confrontation fracturing effect can be realized.The acoustic emission sensor and temperature sensor of use can investigate the affecting laws of the parameter fracture crack initiations such as the temperature difference and perforating condition between crustal stress condition, heating-up temperature, cryogenic temperature, fracturing fluid temperature, three and extension.

Description

A kind of liquid nitrogen refrigerating erecting device for true triaxial hydraulic fracturing simulated experiment
Technical field
The present invention relates to oil-gas reservoir hydraulic fracturing and liquid nitrogen refrigerating research field, more particularly to a kind of true triaxial waterpower pressure The liquid nitrogen refrigerating erecting device of simulated experiment is split, is improved to monitor the rock expansion and contraction confrontation under the conditions of simulated ground stress The effect of fracturing effect, and investigate the temperature between crustal stress condition, heating-up temperature, cryogenic temperature, fracturing fluid temperature, three The parameter fracture crack initiation such as difference and perforating condition and the affecting laws of extension.
Background technology
With economic fast development, national demand for energy is constantly lifted.Hydraulic fracturing technology, is oil-gas reservoir exploitation During commonly use well stimulation.Utilize hydraulic fracturing technology, it is possible to increase the intrinsic fracture of reservoir of oil and gas, formation are manually split Connectedness between seam, enhancing crack, improves the permeability of reservoir of oil and gas.
The application of rock expansion and contraction property, has beneficial effect for the cracking initiation of underground oil and gas reservoir, can carry The efficiency of high hydraulic fracturing, is conducive to the formation of fracture network.Stored up using the characteristic of expanding with heat and contract with cold of underground oil and gas reservoir Collect layer to crush, be an efficiently feasible method.
In past research, reservoir of oil and gas expands with heat and contract with cold the utilization of performance, fails to be used for hydraulic fracturing simulated experiment During.For heating, refrigeration and transition during hydraulic fracturing, it is ensured that being continuously applied for simulated ground stress, be Necessary condition of the Study of The Underground rock expansion and contraction property for the effect of hydraulic fracturing.The missing of crustal stress, for being simulated Underground certain depth, by certain confined pressure act on reservoir of oil and gas for, be inaccurate.Experimental result often with truly Strata condition has gap, not representative.Therefore, reservoir of oil and gas can be expanded with heat and contract with cold and is combined with hydraulic fracturing by design Experimental provision, the effect to simulation underground oil and gas reservoir expansion and contraction property is significant.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is monitored under the conditions of simulated ground stress, and rock expansion and contraction, which is verified, improves hydraulic fracturing effect The effect of fruit, and the influence of the parameter fracture crack initiation such as different temperatures, the temperature difference and perforating condition and extension is observed, provided for this A kind of liquid nitrogen refrigerating erecting device for true triaxial hydraulic fracturing simulated experiment.
The present invention includes three axle presser units, microwave heating unit and liquid nitrogen refrigerating unit:
The three axles presser unit include four fixing axles, eight bolts, pressure break room main frames, promote platform, three load plates, One rear baffle, X are to triple valve, Y-direction triple valve, Z-direction triple valve, X to pressure sensor, Y-direction pressure sensor, Z-direction pressure Sensor, X are to press cylinder, Y-direction press cylinder, Z-direction press cylinder, two X to discharging hydraulic cylinder, voice sending sensor Device and temperature sensor;
Y-direction press cylinder, Z-direction press cylinder are fixed on the main frame of pressure break room by sunk screw;X is to pressurized fluid Cylinder pressure carries out thread seal by four fixing axles and eight bolts with pressure break room main frame and is connected;Platform is promoted by being glued connection side Formula, is simultaneously connected with X to the base of press cylinder, is simultaneously connected with pressure break room main frame, and with sample chamber base coincident, so as to Push experiment test block and enter sample chamber;X is fixed on the main frame of pressure break room to material returned oil cylinder by sunk screw;X is to pressurized hydraulic Cylinder, Y-direction press cylinder, the hydraulic rod end of Z-direction press cylinder are connected with load plate respectively, and connected mode is sunk screw Connection;In the X direction, rear baffle is placed with sample chamber, rear baffle leaves certain size with pressure break room host center correspondence position Hole, and be connected with the hydraulic rod end of two X to discharging hydraulic cylinders by sunk screw;In the base of pressure break room main frame There is connector, connected with the cavity at immediately below sample chamber, for connecting microwave heating equipment and liquid nitrogen refrigerating equipment, and Leave the liquid nitrogen transport channel being connected with sample chamber;
X is to press cylinder, Y-direction press cylinder and Z-direction press cylinder oil inlet junction, respectively with X to threeway Valve, Y-direction triple valve and the threaded connection of Z-direction triple valve are divided into two-way, all the way respectively with X to pressure sensor, Y-direction pressure sensor Connected with Z-direction pressure sensor by thread seal, for transmitting pressure signal, another road is connected in hydraulic power source offer respectively The heart;X provides center to the oil inlet and outlet connection hydraulic power source of material returned hydraulic cylinder;
Acoustic emission sensor and temperature sensor are provided with by bonding mode in load plate, pass through its internal metallic channel Stretched out with notch, transmission acoustic emission signal and temperature signal;
The microwave heating unit includes microwave generating apparatus, waveguide and microwave antenna;The microwave generating apparatus can Within the specific limits, the frequency and power of regulation microwave;The waveguide is connected with microwave antenna, bottom that can be with pressure break room main frame Seat is connected, and connected mode is threaded connection;
The liquid nitrogen refrigerating unit includes liquid nitrogen storage steel bottle and cryogenic piping;The cryogenic piping and pressure break room main frame Base is connected, and connected mode is threaded connection;
It is preferred that, pressure break room main frame is in addition to the sample chamber bottom material directly over microwave antenna, and remaining material belongs to micro- Wave reflection material;Load plate, rear baffle, rear hex bolts, fixed -piping, X are to press cylinder, Y-direction press cylinder, Z-direction Press cylinder, two X belong to cylinder body from microwave reflecting material to discharging hydraulic cylinder and hydraulic stem;Acoustic emission sensor and temperature Sensor high temperature resistant is spent, the couplant high temperature resistant of use facilitates and sensitive measures signal.
Beneficial effects of the present invention:
The liquid nitrogen refrigerating erecting device for the true triaxial hydraulic fracturing simulated experiment that the present invention is provided, by by the cryotronl Road is connected with refrigeration experiment test block with pressure break room main frame.Liquid nitrogen refrigerating for true triaxial hydraulic fracturing simulated experiment installs dress Put, the simulated experiment of the expansion and contraction property to the rock under the conditions of simulated ground stress can be realized, and can simulation rock heat expansion Influence of the shrinkage property to fracturing effect.The acoustic emission sensor of use and temperature sensor can investigate crustal stress condition, The parameter fracture crack initiations such as the temperature difference and perforating condition between heating-up temperature, cryogenic temperature, fracturing fluid temperature, three and extension Affecting laws.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is perspective exploded view of the invention.
Fig. 2 is front view of the invention.
Fig. 3 is A-A sectional views in Fig. 2.
Fig. 4 is load plate schematic perspective view of the invention.
In figure:1-microwave generating apparatus;2-waveguide;3-microwave antenna;4-liquid nitrogen storage steel bottle;5-cryotronl Road;6-X is to press cylinder;7-Y-direction press cylinder;8-Z-direction press cylinder;9-X is to material returned hydraulic cylinder;10-spiral shell Bolt;11-fixing axle;12-promote platform;13-pressure break room main frame;14-sample chamber;15-X is to pressure sensor;16-Y-direction Pressure sensor;17-Z-direction pressure sensor;18-X is to triple valve;19-Y-direction triple valve;20-Z-direction triple valve;21-add Support plate;22-connector;201-rear baffle;202-liquid nitrogen transmission pipeline;203-cavity;204-hole;301-sound emission Sensor;302-temperature sensor;303-notch;304-metallic channel.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, Figure 2, Figure 3 and Figure 4, the present invention has including three axle presser units, microwave heating unit and liquid nitrogen system Cold unit:
The three axles presser unit includes four fixing axles 11, eight bolts 10, pressure break room main frame 13, propulsion platforms 12, three Individual load plate 21, rear baffle 201, X to triple valve 18, Y-direction triple valve 19, Z-direction triple valve 20, X to pressure sensor 15, Y-direction pressure sensor 16, Z-direction pressure sensor 17, X to press cylinder 6, Y-direction press cylinder 7, Z-direction press cylinder 8, Two X are to discharging hydraulic cylinder 9, acoustic emission sensor 301 and temperature sensor 302;
Wherein, Y-direction press cylinder 7 and Z-direction press cylinder 8 are fixed on pressure break room main frame 13 by sunk screw On;X carries out thread seal by four fixing axles 11 and eight bolts 10 with pressure break room main frame 13 to press cylinder 6 and is connected; Promote platform 12 by being glued connected mode, simultaneously the base with X to press cylinder 6 is connected, and is simultaneously connected with pressure break room main frame 13 Connect, and with the base coincident of sample chamber 14, so as to push experiment test block enter sample chamber 14;X passes through sunk screw to material returned oil cylinder 9 It is fixed on pressure break room main frame 13;X to press cylinder 6, Y-direction press cylinder 7 and Z-direction press cylinder 8 hydraulic pressure rod end Portion is connected with load plate 21 respectively, and connected mode connects for sunk screw;In the X direction, it is placed with rear baffle in sample chamber 14 201, rear baffle 201 and the center correspondence position of pressure break room main frame 13 leave hole 204, and with liquid from two X to discharging hydraulic cylinder 9 Depression bar end is connected by sunk screw;There is connector 22 in the base of pressure break room main frame 13, and immediately below the sample chamber The cavity 203 at place is connected, and for connecting microwave heating equipment and liquid nitrogen refrigerating equipment, and leaves the liquid nitrogen being connected with sample chamber 14 Transport channel 202;
X is to press cylinder 6, Y-direction press cylinder 7 and the oil inlet junction of Z-direction press cylinder 8, respectively with X to three Port valve 18, Y-direction triple valve 19 and the threaded connection of Z-direction triple valve 20 are divided into two-way, all the way respectively with X to pressure sensor 15, Y-direction Pressure sensor 16 and Z-direction pressure sensor 17 are connected by thread seal, and for transmitting pressure signal, another road is connected respectively Hydraulic power source provides center;X provides center to the oil inlet and outlet connection hydraulic power source of material returned hydraulic cylinder 9;
Acoustic emission sensor 301 and temperature sensor 302 are provided with by bonding mode in load plate 21, by inside it Metallic channel 304 and notch 303 stretch out, transmission acoustic emission signal and temperature signal;
The microwave heating unit includes microwave generating apparatus 1, waveguide 2 and microwave antenna 3;Microwave generating apparatus 1 has There is waveguide 2, waveguide 2 is connected with microwave antenna 3, microwave generating apparatus 1 is connected with the base of pressure break room main frame 13, connect Mode is threaded connection;The frequency and power of the microwave generating apparatus 1 can be adjusted within the specific limits;
The liquid nitrogen refrigerating unit includes liquid nitrogen storage steel bottle 4 and cryogenic piping 5;The cryogenic piping 5 and pressure break room master The base of machine 13 is connected, and connected mode is threaded connection;
It is preferred that, pressure break room main frame 13 is in addition to the bottom material of sample chamber 14 directly over microwave antenna 3, and remaining material belongs to In microwave reflecting material;Load plate 21, rear baffle 201, X are to press cylinder 6, Y-direction press cylinder 7, Z-direction press cylinder 8th, two X belong to cylinder body from microwave reflecting material to discharging hydraulic cylinder 9 and hydraulic stem;Acoustic emission sensor 301 is passed with temperature The high temperature resistant of sensor 302, the couplant high temperature resistant of use facilitates and sensitive measures signal.

Claims (2)

1. a kind of liquid nitrogen refrigerating erecting device for true triaxial hydraulic fracturing simulated experiment, it is characterised in that:Add including three axles Press unit, microwave heating unit and liquid nitrogen refrigerating unit:
The three axles presser unit includes four fixing axles (11), eight bolts (10), pressure break room main frame (13), propulsion platforms (12), three load plates (21), rear baffle (201), X are to triple valve (18), Y-direction triple valve (19), Z-direction triple valve (20), X is to pressure sensor (15), Y-direction pressure sensor (16), Z-direction pressure sensor (17), X to press cylinder (6), Y To press cylinder (7), Z-direction press cylinder (8), two X to discharging hydraulic cylinder (9), acoustic emission sensor (301) and temperature Sensor (302);
Y-direction press cylinder (7) and Z-direction press cylinder (8) are fixed on pressure break room main frame (13) by sunk screw;X To press cylinder (6) and pressure break room main frame (13) thread seal company is carried out by four fixing axles (11) and eight bolts (10) Connect;Promote platform (12) by being glued connected mode, simultaneously the base with X to press cylinder (6) is connected, simultaneously with pressure break room master Machine (13) connect, and with sample chamber (14) base coincident, so as to push experiment test block enter sample chamber (14);X is to material returned oil cylinder (9) it is fixed on by sunk screw on pressure break room main frame (13);X is to press cylinder (6), Y-direction press cylinder (7) and Z-direction The hydraulic rod end of press cylinder (8) is connected with load plate (21) respectively, and connected mode connects for sunk screw;In X-direction On, rear baffle (201) is placed with sample chamber (14), rear baffle (201) leaves hole with pressure break room main frame (13) center correspondence position Hole (204), and be connected with the hydraulic rod end of two X to discharging hydraulic cylinder (9) by sunk screw;In pressure break room main frame (13) Base in have connector (22), connected with the cavity (203) at immediately below the sample chamber, for connecting microwave heating equipment With liquid nitrogen refrigerating equipment, and the liquid nitrogen transport channel (202) being connected with sample chamber (14) is left;
X to press cylinder (6), Y-direction press cylinder (7) and Z-direction press cylinder (8) oil inlet junction, respectively with X to Triple valve (18), Y-direction triple valve (19) and Z-direction triple valve (20) threaded connection are divided into two-way, all the way respectively with X to pressure sensing Device (15), Y-direction pressure sensor (16) and Z-direction pressure sensor (17) are connected by thread seal, for transmitting pressure signal, Another road connects hydraulic power source and provides center respectively;X provides center to the oil inlet and outlet connection hydraulic power source of material returned hydraulic cylinder (9);
Acoustic emission sensor (301) and temperature sensor (302) are provided with by bonding mode in load plate (21), by it The metallic channel (304) and notch (303) in portion stretch out, transmission acoustic emission signal and temperature signal;
The microwave heating unit includes microwave generating apparatus (1), waveguide (2) and microwave antenna (3);Microwave generating apparatus (1) there is waveguide (2), waveguide (2) is connected with microwave antenna (3), microwave generating apparatus (1) and pressure break room main frame (13) Base is connected, and connected mode is threaded connection;
The liquid nitrogen refrigerating unit includes liquid nitrogen storage steel bottle (4) and cryogenic piping (5);One end of cryogenic piping (5) and liquid nitrogen Storage steel bottle (4) is connected, and the other end of cryogenic piping (5) is connected with the base of pressure break room main frame (13), and connected mode is spiral shell Line is connected.
2. a kind of liquid nitrogen refrigerating erecting device for true triaxial hydraulic fracturing simulated experiment according to claim 1, its It is characterised by:Described load plate (21), rear baffle (201), X add to press cylinder (6), Y-direction press cylinder (7), Z-direction Pressure cylinder (8), two X belong to cylinder body from microwave reflecting material to discharging hydraulic cylinder (9) and hydraulic stem.
CN201710663731.8A 2017-08-06 2017-08-06 Liquid nitrogen refrigerating and mounting device for true triaxial hydraulic fracturing simulation experiment Active CN107290226B (en)

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Cited By (4)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109357953A (en) * 2018-11-23 2019-02-19 吉林大学 A kind of rock core test device tested for three axis of high temperature and pressure and hydraulic fracturing
CN111175142A (en) * 2019-03-22 2020-05-19 湘潭大学 Cold-contraction clamping plate type rock confining pressure simulation device and calibration adjustment method thereof
WO2022116229A1 (en) * 2020-12-04 2022-06-09 东北大学 Microwave intelligent loading and cracking rock testing system under true triaxial stress
US11965860B2 (en) 2020-12-04 2024-04-23 Northeastern University Test system for hard rock breaking by microwave intelligent loading based on true triaxial stress

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CN106959246A (en) * 2017-02-17 2017-07-18 中国石油大学(华东) A kind of anhydrous fracture simulation experimental provision of liquid nitrogen and method
CN207263552U (en) * 2017-08-06 2018-04-20 吉林大学 A kind of liquid nitrogen refrigerating erecting device for true triaxial hydraulic fracturing simulated experiment

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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109357953A (en) * 2018-11-23 2019-02-19 吉林大学 A kind of rock core test device tested for three axis of high temperature and pressure and hydraulic fracturing
CN111175142A (en) * 2019-03-22 2020-05-19 湘潭大学 Cold-contraction clamping plate type rock confining pressure simulation device and calibration adjustment method thereof
CN111175142B (en) * 2019-03-22 2023-03-21 湘潭大学 Cold-contraction clamping plate type rock confining pressure simulation device and calibration adjustment method thereof
WO2022116229A1 (en) * 2020-12-04 2022-06-09 东北大学 Microwave intelligent loading and cracking rock testing system under true triaxial stress
US11965860B2 (en) 2020-12-04 2024-04-23 Northeastern University Test system for hard rock breaking by microwave intelligent loading based on true triaxial stress

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