CN107285965B - Special fertilizer for Lanzhou lily and formula and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Special fertilizer for Lanzhou lily and formula and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN107285965B CN107285965B CN201710695531.0A CN201710695531A CN107285965B CN 107285965 B CN107285965 B CN 107285965B CN 201710695531 A CN201710695531 A CN 201710695531A CN 107285965 B CN107285965 B CN 107285965B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D9/00—Other inorganic fertilisers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
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Abstract
The invention provides a special Lanzhou lily fertilizer and a formula and a preparation method thereof, and relates to the technical field of fertilizers. The formula of the special fertilizer for Lanzhou lily comprises core raw materials, wherein the core raw materials comprise the following components in percentage by mass: the modified attapulgite is prepared from 40-50% of modified attapulgite, 23-30% of turf, 10-20% of an iron fertilizer, 1-5% of a trace element fertilizer and 5-10% of a bentonite binder, wherein the modified attapulgite is weakly acidic attapulgite treated by acid, and the trace element fertilizer comprises manganese, zinc and copper. The preparation method of the special Lanzhou lily fertilizer is simple and controllable to operate, can realize industrial production, and has excellent economic value. The special fertilizer for the Lanzhou lily prepared by the preparation method has reasonable nutrition proportion, can continuously and effectively provide nutrition for the Lanzhou lily, effectively promotes the growth and development of the Lanzhou lily, and simultaneously prevents soil environment from being improved and environmental pollution from being caused.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fertilizers, and in particular relates to a special Lanzhou lily fertilizer, a formula and a preparation method thereof.
Background
China is a big agricultural country, and fertilization is an important measure for ensuring the grain yield. However, the utilization rate of the fertilizer in China is in a low level which is only 30% -35% for a long time, and the high fertilization level and the low fertilizer utilization rate cause serious resource waste and environmental problems. The development of novel multifunctional slow-release fertilizers with high efficiency and environmental protection characteristics is an important means for solving the problems. The slow release fertilizer can reduce the release rate of nutrients, provide long-acting nutrient supply for plants, improve the utilization rate of the fertilizer and reduce the pollution to the environment.
Lanzhou lily is a famous vegetable which is reputed at home and abroad in China. The edible lily has the advantages that the edible lily produced in China is imported, exported to Japan, southeast Asia and other countries besides being sold internally, the economic benefit is very obvious, and the production area is also enlarged year by year. At present, the area of an edible lily centralized production base in Lanzhou of a main production area exceeds 10 ten thousand mu, the yield exceeds 3000 ten thousand kilograms, and the yield reaches more than 20 billion yuan, but the field requirement is still far from being met. The wide market prospect and good economic benefit provide good opportunity for the rapid development of the edible lily industry. The lily is cool and hot-resistant in nature, and is suitable for being planted in loose soil in northwest regions. However, lily planted in northwest of China is easy to cause nutrient deficiency disease and iron deficiency yellowing disease, and even leads to withering and death of plants. At present, the breeding base of lily bulbs in northwest regions is very limited, and the main reason that the planting area is limited is that.
Aiming at the iron deficiency disease in lily planting. Usually, a method of adding a large amount of grass carbon into soil before planting to improve the soil environment and applying ferric sulfate or chelated iron fertilizer in the growth period of the lily is adopted, but the methods have high cost and non-lasting effect, thus greatly increasing the burden of farmers, reducing the profit of the lily planting industry, and simultaneously bringing potential threats to environmental safety and soil quality due to the large amount of grass carbon and iron fertilizer.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a formula of a special Lanzhou lily fertilizer, which is reasonable in nutrition proportion, effectively solves the technical problems, effectively promotes the yield increase of the Lanzhou lily, improves the product quality of the Lanzhou lily, and effectively improves the profit of the Lanzhou lily planting industry.
The invention also aims to provide a preparation method of the special Lanzhou lily fertilizer, which is simple and controllable to operate, can realize industrial production and has excellent economic value.
The invention also aims to provide the special Lanzhou lily fertilizer prepared by the preparation method of the special Lanzhou lily fertilizer, which has reasonable nutrition proportion, can continuously and effectively provide nutrition for Lanzhou lily, effectively promote the growth and development of the Lanzhou lily, and simultaneously prevent the soil environment from being improved and the environment from being polluted.
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme.
The invention provides a formula of a special Lanzhou lily fertilizer, which comprises core raw materials, wherein the core raw materials comprise the following components in percentage by mass:
40-50% of modified attapulgite, 23-30% of turf, 10-20% of iron fertilizer, 1-5% of trace element fertilizer and 5-10% of bentonite binder.
Preferably 43-49% of modified attapulgite, 25-29% of grass carbon, 12-18% of iron fertilizer, 1-3% of trace element fertilizer and 6-9% of bentonite binder.
More preferably, 46-48% of modified attapulgite, 26-28% of grass carbon, 13-16% of iron fertilizer, 1-2.8% of trace element fertilizer and 7-9% of bentonite binder.
The modified attapulgite is the attapulgite which is weakly acidic after being treated by acid.
The microelement fertilizer comprises manganese, zinc and copper.
A preparation method of a special fertilizer for Lanzhou lily comprises the steps of mixing core raw materials of the formula of the special fertilizer for Lanzhou lily, and granulating.
A special fertilizer for Lanzhou lily is prepared by the preparation method.
The special fertilizer for Lanzhou lily, the formula thereof and the preparation method thereof provided by the embodiment of the invention have the beneficial effects that:
through the reasonable proportion of the turf and the bentonite binder, the water holding capacity, the ventilation capacity and the fertilizer holding capacity of the soil are effectively improved, and meanwhile, the nutrient content of the soil is increased, particularly in the northwest of arid regions, so that the soil environment is more suitable for planting the Lanzhou lily. Meanwhile, the attapulgite has the effects of conditioning soil and improving fertilizer efficiency, and the modified attapulgite obtained after acid treatment not only retains the original characteristics of the attapulgite, but also effectively increases the specific surface area and the adsorption capacity to heavy metal ions, and effectively slows down the release of nutrient elements, such as iron fertilizer and trace element fertilizer. Meanwhile, the reasonable proportion of the iron fertilizer and the trace element fertilizer effectively meets the nutrient substances required by the growth and development of the Lanzhou lily, and simultaneously prevents waste and environmental pollution.
And the reasonable proportion of the acid core structure consisting of the grass carbon, the bentonite binder and the modified attapulgite, the trace element fertilizer and the iron fertilizer can greatly slow down the oxidation of related trace elements in alkaline soil and ensure the long-term supply of the trace elements.
Meanwhile, the preparation method is convenient for accurate control, has no three-waste discharge, can realize large-scale industrial production, and has better economic value.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. The examples, in which specific conditions are not specified, were conducted under conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. The reagents or instruments used are not indicated by the manufacturer, and are all conventional products available commercially.
The fertilizer special for lilium davidii and the formula and the preparation method thereof of the embodiment of the invention are specifically explained below.
The invention provides a formula of a special Lanzhou lily fertilizer, which comprises core raw materials, wherein the core raw materials comprise the following components in percentage by mass:
40-50% of modified attapulgite, 23-30% of turf, 10-20% of iron fertilizer, 1-5% of trace element fertilizer and 5-10% of bentonite binder.
Preferably, the core raw materials comprise the following components in percentage by mass according to the formula of the special Lanzhou lily fertilizer: 43-49% of modified attapulgite, 25-29% of turf, 12-18% of iron fertilizer, 1-3% of trace element fertilizer and 6-9% of bentonite binder.
More preferably, the core raw materials comprise the following components in percentage by mass according to the formula of the special Lanzhou lily fertilizer: 46-48% of modified attapulgite, 26-28% of turf, 13-16% of iron fertilizer, 1-2.8% of trace element fertilizer and 7-9% of bentonite binder.
The modified attapulgite is the attapulgite which is weakly acidic after being treated by acid; the microelement fertilizer comprises manganese, zinc and copper. Through the reasonable proportion of the nutrient substances, the lily root nutrient solution has multiple functions of nutrient slow release, soil conditioning and the like, effectively meets the nutrient requirement of the Lanzhou lily in the growing period, effectively promotes the growth and development of the Lanzhou lily root, and simultaneously prevents the soil environment from being improved and the environment from being polluted.
The lily is suitable for being planted on loose soil in northwest because of cold and warm preference and high temperature avoidance. However, due to the fact that northwest of China is dry, a proper amount of turf is added into soil, the water holding capacity, the ventilation capacity and the fertilizer holding capacity of the soil are effectively improved, and the soil nutrient content can be increased. Meanwhile, after the added bentonite binder is applied to soil, the bentonite binder can absorb water and expand, the proportion of solid, liquid and gas in the soil is changed, the soil structure is loosened, the effect of improving the physical properties of the soil is achieved, the water and fertilizer of the soil are preserved, the soil environment is not polluted, and the soil property, especially the soil in arid regions, can be effectively improved through the effects of the turf and the bentonite binder.
Meanwhile, in northwest areas, even areas suitable for lily planting in the whole northern area are mostly in alkaline soil environment. In alkaline soil, the effectiveness of iron, manganese, zinc and copper is reduced, and the iron, manganese, zinc and copper are not easily absorbed and utilized by the Lanzhou lily, so that the occurrence of nutrient deficiency and iron deficiency yellowing disease of the Lanzhou lily is caused.
The attapulgite has good effects of conditioning soil and improving fertilizer efficiency, after acidification treatment, the original characteristics of the attapulgite are kept, and the attapulgite is further combined with grass peat and other raw materials to have multiple functions of nutrition slow release, soil conditioning and the like, and meanwhile, the specific surface area of the modified attapulgite and the adsorption capacity of heavy metal ions are effectively increased, so that the release of nutrient elements such as iron, manganese, zinc, copper and the like is effectively slowed down, the availability of the effectiveness of the iron, manganese, zinc and copper is improved, meanwhile, alkaline soil is effectively improved, the effective availability of the nutrient elements in alkaline soil is prevented from being reduced by oxidation, for example, divalent iron ions in iron fertilizer are oxidized into trivalent iron ions and the like, the effectiveness of the nutrient elements is effectively reduced, and the attapulgite is not easy to be absorbed and utilized by lilium davidii.
Meanwhile, the reasonable proportion of the acidic core structure consisting of the turf, the bentonite binder and the modified attapulgite, the trace element fertilizer and the iron fertilizer can greatly slow down the oxidation of related trace elements in alkaline soil and ensure the long-acting supply of the trace elements.
Preferably, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the modified attapulgite is attapulgite having a pH of 5.0 to 6.5 after acid treatment; the modified attapulgite within the pH range has better specific surface area and adsorption capacity to heavy metal ions, and has good slow release fertilizer effect.
Preferably, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the modified attapulgite is attapulgite which is obtained by soaking in acid for 1.8-2.5h, washing with water to pH 5.0-6.5, and drying; the operation is convenient, the small-scale operation can be realized, and the large-scale production can also be realized. Wherein, the drying can be carried out by adopting equipment such as an oven and the like, for example, the drying can be carried out for 7 to 9 hours at the temperature of between 95 and 115 ℃, so that the moisture can be effectively removed, and the subsequent processing, storage and the like are convenient. The dried attapulgite is preferably subjected to a pulverization treatment for facilitating a later-stage mixing, for example, a pulverization to 100 mesh or the like.
Preferably, in the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the acid is sulfuric acid, nitric acid or hydrochloric acid, but since nitric acid and hydrochloric acid are volatile and dangerous to handle, the acid is preferably sulfuric acid, and more preferably, the acid is preferably 4mol/L sulfuric acid, which has a good acid treatment effect.
The iron fertilizer can be organic iron fertilizer such as ferrous sulfate, ferrous carbonate or ferric sulfate, and can also be organic iron fertilizer such as hexaurea trinitrate or iron diaminethion fulvate, but the chelated iron fertilizer is better in absorption and utilization rate by plants and is more stable. The microelement fertilizer can be an inorganic microelement fertilizer, but the absorption and utilization rate of the microelement fertilizer by plants is better and the microelement fertilizer is more stable. Therefore, the trace element fertilizer is preferably a chelated trace element consisting of an efficient chelating agent EDDHA or EDTTI and corresponding trace elements.
Preferably, therefore, in a preferred embodiment of the invention, the iron fertilizer is chelated iron, and/or, manganese is chelated manganese, zinc is chelated zinc, and copper is chelated copper; namely, the iron fertilizer and the trace element fertilizer can be both chelated fertilizers at the same time, or can be selected as chelated fertilizers, so that the stability of the iron fertilizer and the trace element fertilizer in soil is effectively improved, and the absorption rate of the iron fertilizer and the trace element fertilizer is improved. Meanwhile, the chelated fertilizer is matched with the modified attapulgite, so that the oxidation of related trace elements in alkaline soil can be greatly slowed down, and the long-acting supply of the trace elements is ensured.
More preferably, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the trace element fertilizer comprises, by weight, 4.8-5.5: 4.2-4.7: 0.8-1.1 of chelated manganese, chelated zinc and chelated copper, effectively meets the elements required by growth and development of the Lanzhou lily, and prevents waste and environmental pollution caused by excessive trace element fertilizer.
Preferably, in a preferred embodiment of the invention, the formula of the special fertilizer for lilium davidii unicolor further comprises a coating agent with the mass percentage of 0.04-0.4%, and the coating agent is used for coating the special fertilizer for lilium davidii unicolor and further effectively controlling the release speed of elements, so that the fertilizer utilization rate of the special fertilizer for lilium davidii unicolor is improved.
More preferably, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the coating agent comprises, by mass, 0.02-0.2: 0.02-0.2 of polyester resin and epoxy resin. The protection of nutrient elements in the fertilizer is further strengthened through the structure of the double-layer resin coating, so that the slow-release and long-acting functions are achieved.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the special Lanzhou lily fertilizer, which is characterized in that core raw materials of the formula of the special Lanzhou lily fertilizer are mixed and granulated.
Optionally, in a preferred embodiment of the invention, atomized water is added during mixing in an amount of 15-25% by weight of the total weight of the core material. The mixing process is kept at proper humidity, so that the subsequent granulation is facilitated, and meanwhile, dust is effectively prevented.
Specifically, the atomized water may be added at a uniform speed in the mixing process, the core raw material may be directly mixed with the atomized water in proportion, or the core raw material may be mixed with the atomized water after being mixed, and the like, which is not specifically limited herein. Preferably, in a preferred embodiment of the invention, the granulation is to firstly make the mixed raw materials into a roll bar with the diameter of 2.5-3.5mm, then granulate for 8-12min by a 40-45 r/min disc, and by means of firstly pressing the roll and then granulating the disc, the compactness of the final granular fertilizer is obviously enhanced, so that the stability of the product quality is improved, and meanwhile, by adopting the method, a granular initial sample with the grain diameter of 2-4mm can be obtained without sieving, so that the process flow is effectively saved.
Specifically, the granulation may be performed in a roll and disc granulator, which is not particularly limited herein.
It should be noted that granulation can also be performed using existing fertilizer granulation processes.
Preferably, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the initial sample obtained after granulation is subjected to coating treatment, wherein the coating treatment is to coat the initial sample with a coating agent with a mass percentage of 0.04-0.4% of the formula of the special fertilizer for lily in Lanzhou; specifically, the coating agent can be added into a coating stirrer according to the proportion, and the stirrer is started to wrap the coating agent on the outer layer of the initial sample particles to form a slow-release coating.
Preferably, the coating agent comprises the following components in a mass ratio of 0.02-0.2: 0.02-0.2 of polyester resin and epoxy resin, and further strengthens the protection of the modified attapulgite, the iron fertilizer, the trace element fertilizer and the like by the reasonable proportion of the two resins, thereby achieving the function of slow release and long acting of the fertilizer effect.
The special fertilizer for Lanzhou lily prepared by the preparation method has slow and long-acting fertilizer effect, effectively improves the nutrient deficiency and iron deficiency of Lanzhou lily in alkaline soil, effectively prevents environmental pollution, reduces the burden of farmers and effectively improves the economic value of planting Lanzhou lily.
Preferably, in the preferred embodiment of the invention, the particle size of the special fertilizer for Lanzhou lily is 2mm-4mm, so that the special fertilizer is convenient to spread and manufacture.
The features and properties of the present invention are described in further detail below with reference to examples.
Example 1
A special fertilizer for Lanzhou lily is prepared by the following preparation method:
crushing and mixing core raw materials of a formula of the special fertilizer for the Lanzhou lily, adding atomized water accounting for 20% of the total weight of the core raw materials, stirring to fully mix the core raw materials, putting the core raw materials into a compression roller and disc granulation all-in-one machine, starting the compression roller and disc granulation all-in-one machine, pressing the core raw materials into roll strips with the diameter of 3mm, putting the roll strips into a disc, rotating the disc according to 45 r/min, operating for 10min, and stopping discharging to obtain an initial sample. And then, adding a coating agent with the mass percentage of 0.3% in the formula of the special Lanzhou lily fertilizer and the initial sample into a coating stirrer, starting the stirrer to uniformly coat the coating agent on the outer wall of the initial sample, and airing to obtain the special Lanzhou lily fertilizer with the particle size of 2-3 mm.
The formula of the special fertilizer for the Lanzhou lily comprises core raw materials, wherein the core raw materials comprise the following components in percentage by mass: 48% of modified attapulgite, 27% of turf, 14% of iron fertilizer, 2.8% of trace element fertilizer and 8% of bentonite binder.
The modified attapulgite is prepared by soaking in 4mol/L sulfuric acid for 2.5h, washing with water until pH is 6.5, and oven drying. The iron fertilizer is chelated iron, and the microelement fertilizer comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 4.5: 1 manganese chelate, zinc chelate and copper chelate.
The coating agent comprises the following components in percentage by mass of 1: 1 and an epoxy resin.
Example 2
A special fertilizer for Lanzhou lily is prepared by the following preparation method:
the preparation method comprises the steps of crushing and mixing core raw materials of a formula of the special fertilizer for the Lanzhou lily, adding atomized water accounting for 22% of the total weight of the core raw materials, stirring to fully mix the core raw materials, putting the core raw materials into a compression roller and disc granulation all-in-one machine, starting the compression roller and disc granulation all-in-one machine, pressing the core raw materials into roller strips with the diameter of 3.5mm, putting the roller strips into a disc, rotating the roller strips at 40 r/min, operating for 11min, and stopping discharging to obtain an. Adding a coating agent with the mass percentage of 0.3% in the formula of the special Lanzhou lily fertilizer and an initial sample into a coating stirrer, starting the stirrer to uniformly coat the coating agent on the outer wall of the initial sample, and airing to obtain the special Lanzhou lily fertilizer with the particle size of 2-3.5 mm.
The formula of the special fertilizer for the Lanzhou lily comprises core raw materials, wherein the core raw materials comprise the following components in percentage by mass: 46.7% of modified attapulgite, 26% of turf, 15% of iron fertilizer, 3% of trace element fertilizer and 9% of bentonite binder.
The modified attapulgite is prepared by soaking in 4mol/L sulfuric acid for 2.5h, washing with water until the pH is 6.2, and oven drying. The iron fertilizer is chelated iron, and the trace element fertilizer comprises the following components in percentage by weight of 5.2: 4.4: 1 manganese chelate, zinc chelate and copper chelate.
The coating agent comprises the following components in percentage by mass of 1: 2 and an epoxy resin.
Example 3
A special fertilizer for Lanzhou lily is prepared by the following preparation method:
crushing and mixing core raw materials of a formula of the Lanzhou lily special fertilizer, adding atomized water accounting for 19% of the total weight of the core raw materials, stirring to fully mix the core raw materials, putting the core raw materials into a compression roller and disc granulation all-in-one machine, starting the compression roller and disc granulation all-in-one machine, pressing the core raw materials into roll strips with the diameter of 3.5mm, putting the roll strips into a disc, rotating the roll strips according to 43 r/min, stopping discharging after running for 12min to obtain an initial sample, and airing to obtain the Lanzhou lily special fertilizer with the particle size of 2mm-3.5 mm.
The formula of the special fertilizer for the Lanzhou lily comprises core raw materials, wherein the core raw materials comprise the following components in percentage by mass: 48% of modified attapulgite, 27% of turf, 14% of iron fertilizer, 3% of trace element fertilizer and 8% of bentonite binder.
The modified attapulgite is prepared by soaking in 4mol/L sulfuric acid for 2.5h, washing with water until pH is 6.5, and oven drying. The iron fertilizer is chelated iron, and the microelement fertilizer comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 4.5: 1 manganese chelate, zinc chelate and copper chelate.
Example 4
A special fertilizer for Lanzhou lily is prepared by the following preparation method:
crushing and mixing core raw materials of a formula of the Lanzhou lily special fertilizer, adding atomized water accounting for 17% of the total weight of the core raw materials, stirring to fully mix the core raw materials, putting the mixture into a compression roller and disc granulation all-in-one machine, starting the compression roller and disc granulation all-in-one machine, pressing the mixture into a roller strip with the diameter of 3mm, putting the roller strip into a disc, rotating the roller strip according to 40 r/min, stopping the machine for discharging after running for 10min to obtain an initial sample, adding a coating agent accounting for 0.4% of the mass percentage of the formula of the Lanzhou lily special fertilizer and the initial sample into the coating stirrer, starting the stirrer to uniformly coat the coating agent on the outer wall of the initial sample, and airing to obtain the Lanzhou lily special fertilizer with the.
The formula of the special fertilizer for the Lanzhou lily comprises core raw materials, wherein the core raw materials comprise the following components in percentage by mass: 50% of modified attapulgite, 25.6% of turf, 11% of iron fertilizer, 4% of trace element fertilizer and 9.4% of bentonite binder.
The modified attapulgite is prepared by soaking in 4mol/L sulfuric acid for 2.5h, washing with water until pH is 5.0, and oven drying.
The coating agent comprises the following components in percentage by mass of 1: 1 and an epoxy resin.
Example 5
A special fertilizer for Lanzhou lily is prepared by the following preparation method:
crushing and mixing core raw materials of a formula of the Lanzhou lily special fertilizer, adding atomized water accounting for 22% of the total weight of the core raw materials, stirring to fully mix the core raw materials, putting the mixture into a compression roller and disc granulation all-in-one machine, starting the compression roller and disc granulation all-in-one machine, pressing the mixture into a roller strip with the diameter of 3mm, putting the roller strip into a disc, rotating the roller strip according to 44 r/min, stopping the machine after 10min of operation to discharge the mixture to obtain an initial sample, adding a coating agent accounting for 0.04% by mass of the formula of the Lanzhou lily special fertilizer and the initial sample into the coating stirrer, starting the stirrer to uniformly coat the coating agent on the outer wall of the initial sample, and airing to obtain the Lanzhou lily special fertilizer with the particle.
The formula of the special fertilizer for the Lanzhou lily comprises core raw materials, wherein the core raw materials comprise the following components in percentage by mass: 44.66 percent of modified attapulgite, 24 percent of turf, 17.5 percent of iron fertilizer, 4.5 percent of trace element fertilizer and 9.3 percent of bentonite binder.
The modified attapulgite is prepared by soaking in 4mol/L sulfuric acid for 1.8h, washing with water until pH is 5.5, and oven drying.
The coating agent comprises the following components in percentage by mass of 1: 8 polyester resin and epoxy resin.
Test examples
The method provided by the embodiment of the invention is repeated to prepare enough fertilizer, and lily planting tests are carried out in certain places in the northwest of China. Wherein, LMF test group and HMF test group are set by adopting the fertilizer provided by the invention, and blank control group (CK) is set at the same time, wherein, the LMF test group and the HMF test group only differ in fertilizing amount, and the fertilizing amount of the LMF test group is 100 kg-ha-1The fertilizing amount of the HMF test group is 200 kg ha-1Three duplicate cells are set per process simultaneously, each cell area being 4 × 4 m.
The LMF, HMF and blank controls all used healthy lilium davidii bulbs with an average weight of 21g, sown at year 2015, month 5, month 3, respectively, where: the row spacing is 0.25m, the plant spacing is 0.15m, and the depth is 5 cm.
During the planting period, 2015 to 2016, the incidence rate of yellowing disease caused by iron deficiency in the flowering period of the Lanzhou lily, the yield in the second year and the influence on the nutrient components of the Lanzhou lily by the fertilizer provided by the invention are recorded and researched. Wherein the incidence of yellowing disease = (number of plants that developed yellowing disease/total number of plants per group)%, and the results obtained are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 Effect of different treatment groups on iron-deficiency yellowing disease of Lilium Lanzhou at flowering phase
From table 1, the fertilizer special for Lanzhou lily provided by the invention provides effective iron for the growth of Lanzhou lily, effectively inhibits the occurrence of iron-deficiency yellow flower diseases, and simultaneously compared with LMF, the HMF group can more effectively inhibit the occurrence of iron-deficiency yellow flower diseases.
The annual yield of Lanzhou lily was measured in 2016 and compared with the yield of the CK control group to calculate the yield increase. The results are shown in Table 2.
TABLE 2 yields
From table 2, the yield of the Lanzhou lily is effectively improved by the special Lanzhou lily fertilizer provided by the invention, wherein the yield of the HMF can be increased by 29.42% remarkably, the income of farmers is effectively improved, and the special Lanzhou lily fertilizer has excellent popularization value.
Starch contained in Lanzhou lily is measured by an acid hydrolysis method (GB/T5009.9-2003), fiber content of the Lanzhou lily is measured by a GB/T5009.88-2008 method, protein contained in the Lanzhou lily is measured by a Kjeldahl method (GB 50095-2010), soluble sugar contained in the Lanzhou lily is measured by a Feilin method (GB 6194-1986), content of reducing sugar is measured by a GB/T5009.7-2003 method, and Vc content contained in the Lanzhou lily is measured by a 2, 6-dichlorophenol indophenol titration method (GB 5009.86-2016), and the results are shown in Table 3.
TABLE 3 influence of different treatment groups on quality of Lanzhou lily
As can be seen from table 3, the fertilizer special for lilium davidii provided by the invention effectively promotes the enrichment of nutrients of lilium davidii, effectively increases the contents of proteins, fibers, soluble sugars and Vc of lilium davidii, and effectively improves the quality of the product, and meanwhile, the quality of lilium davidii in the HMF test group is better than that in the LMF test group, which indicates that the fertilizing amount in the LMF test group is better.
In conclusion, the special fertilizer for Lanzhou lily, the formula and the preparation method thereof provided by the embodiment of the invention have the advantages that the formula is reasonable in nutrition proportion, the deficiency and yellowing of Lanzhou lily in northwest regions are effectively solved, the yield and the quality of Lanzhou lily are effectively improved, and the profit of the lily planting industry is effectively improved. The preparation method is simple and controllable in operation, can realize industrial production, and has excellent economic value. The fertilizer prepared by the preparation method can effectively promote the growth and development of the Lanzhou lily, and simultaneously prevent the soil environment from being improved and the environment from being polluted.
The embodiments described above are some, but not all embodiments of the invention. The detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention is not intended to limit the scope of the invention as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (13)
1. A manufacturing method of a Lanzhou lily special fertilizer is characterized by mixing core raw materials of a Lanzhou lily special fertilizer formula, granulating, and coating an initial sample obtained after granulation, wherein the coating is performed by coating the initial sample with a coating agent with the mass percent of 0.04-0.4% of the Lanzhou lily special fertilizer formula;
the coating agent comprises the following components in a mass ratio of 0.02-0.2: 0.02-0.2 of polyester resin and epoxy resin;
the formula of the special fertilizer for the Lanzhou lily comprises core raw materials, wherein the core raw materials comprise the following components in percentage by mass:
40-50% of modified attapulgite, 23-30% of turf, 10-20% of iron fertilizer, 1-5% of trace element fertilizer and 5-10% of bentonite binder, wherein the modified attapulgite is weakly acidic attapulgite treated by acid; the microelement fertilizer comprises manganese, zinc and copper;
the special fertilizer for the Lanzhou lily is suitable for alkaline soil.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the granulating comprises forming the mixed raw materials into roller strips with a diameter of 2.5-3.5mm, and granulating for 8-12min by a 40-45 r/min disc.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the atomized water is added during the mixing process in an amount of 15 to 25% by weight based on the total weight of the core material.
4. The manufacturing method of claim 1, wherein the core raw materials comprise, in mass percent, the following components: 43-49% of modified attapulgite, 25-29% of turf, 12-18% of iron fertilizer, 1-3% of trace element fertilizer and 6-9% of bentonite binder.
5. The manufacturing method of claim 1, wherein the core raw materials comprise, in mass percent, the following components: 46-48% of modified attapulgite, 26-28% of turf, 13-16% of iron fertilizer, 1-2.8% of trace element fertilizer and 7-9% of bentonite binder.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the iron fertilizer is chelated iron, and/or the manganese is chelated manganese, the zinc is chelated zinc, and the copper is chelated copper.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the trace element fertilizer comprises the following components in a weight ratio of 4.8-5.5: 4.2-4.7: 0.8-1.1 parts of manganese chelate, zinc chelate and copper chelate.
8. The method according to claim 1, wherein the modified attapulgite is attapulgite having a pH of 5.0 to 6.5 after acid treatment.
9. The method according to claim 1, wherein the modified attapulgite is attapulgite which has been soaked in the acid for 1.8 to 2.5 hours, washed with water to a pH of 5.0 to 6.5, and dried.
10. The method of claim 9, wherein the acid is sulfuric acid, nitric acid, or hydrochloric acid.
11. The method of claim 9, wherein the acid is 4mol/L sulfuric acid.
12. A special fertilizer for lilium davidii rom Lanzhou, which is characterized by being prepared by the preparation method of any one of claims 1 to 11.
13. The special fertilizer for Lanzhou lily as claimed in claim 12, wherein the particle size of the special fertilizer for Lanzhou lily is 2-4 mm.
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| 凹凸棒土改性方法研究进展;高华 等;《资源开发与市场》;20081215;第24卷(第12期);第1091页第2栏-1092页第1栏 * |
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