CN107278735A - Covering body and method for promoting rainfall in local area - Google Patents

Abstract

A cover for promoting rainfall in local area has an external skin for covering the field able to receive heat energy, and features that its edge is approximately at the height of field surface and its internal part can be lifted to form a space for containing air. So that the air inside receives heat energy and the heat energy inside and outside is blocked by the outer skin to reduce the transmission of heat energy to the outside, thereby causing the difference between the inside and outside temperatures. The buoyancy generated by the air with higher temperature inside and outside is utilized to push up the part inside the edge of the outer skin, so that a huge space is formed between the outer skin and the field surface to contain a huge amount of air, and then the heat energy is continuously received to store the huge amount of heat energy in the air covered by the outer skin, so that the covered hot air is used for promoting the rainfall of local areas. The invention also provides a method for promoting rainfall in local areas.

Description

Overlays and methods for promoting rainfall in localized areas

technical field

The invention relates to a structure and a method for promoting rainfall, in particular to a covering body and a method for promoting rainfall in a local area.

Background technique

Existing technology for structures that store hot air: the use of greenhouses can transmit sunlight and block the air inside from circulating with the outside air, so that the temperature of the air inside is higher than that outside, and thus heat energy can be stored in the air inside . However, most of the components that make up the greenhouse are beams and slabs that bear the bending moment, and then support their weight with walls or columns that bear pressure. In this structure, when the size increases, the section thickness also increases, so the weight of the component itself is also greatly increased, so that it is very difficult to make a large area and volume.

The prior art of the structure supported by air pressure: the outer skin of the existing inflatable building uses an airtight film, and the pressure difference between the inside and outside of it is achieved by machines such as a blower (blower). This is different from the distribution of the pressure difference caused by the buoyancy of hot air; in the latter, the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the air inlet is close to zero, and then increases upwards, however, the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the former does not change with altitude. Variety. Therefore, the two have very different effects on the structural mechanics of the structure; the buoyancy of the latter is less at the lower part of the skin, and there can be a gap connecting the inner and outer sides at the lowest point. However, the buoyancy of the former skin does not change due to different heights, and it is airtight between the skin and the site. In addition, most of the buoyancy of the existing structure is borne by the skin around the structure and close to the edge, so the tension on the skin increases relatively with the increase of the width and height of the structure. Therefore, the The length, width and height of the structure are not easy to expand due to the limitation of this factor.

Most of the existing artificial rainfall technologies use airplanes or rockets to put compounds that can produce ice crystal nuclei, such as silver iodide or dry ice, into thick clouds that have a chance of rain, or burn silver iodide on the ground when the front comes. The method of making the smoke containing silver iodide particles enter the cloud layer with the updraft. This technology can make the supercooled water droplets below -5°C in the cloud layer quickly form ice crystals and release the latent heat in them, thus making the cloud layer more developed and achieving the effect of increasing the rainfall by about 10%. However, most of the existing artificial rainfall techniques require the cooperation of weather conditions. Once the thick clouds or fronts that have the opportunity to rain have not arrived, the existing artificial rainfall techniques cannot be implemented to achieve the effect of increasing rainfall. For example, areas where rainfall is required for prolonged droughts are often difficult to see dense clouds or fronts, so there is little opportunity to use this existing artificial rainfall technology to induce rainfall to relieve drought conditions. This existing cloud seeding technology does not actively promote the formation of thick clouds with a chance of rain. In addition, most of the existing artificial rainfall technologies target mesoscale clouds (with a horizontal width ranging from about 10 kilometers to hundreds of kilometers) to promote large-scale rainfall enhancement.

Another existing artificial rainfall technique: Meteorological literature records that violent fires in large areas of forests or houses, etc., occasionally lead to showers. The reason is: the fire will release a huge amount of heat energy to the lower atmosphere (loweratmosphere), thus increasing the atmospheric instability (atmospheric instability) in this local area. When a large fire encounters unstable weather conditions, there is a chance to cause the occurrence of small-scale cumulonimbus clouds and rainfall. Meteorologists once tried to use a large amount of burning on the ground to increase the heat energy of the lower atmosphere as a method to promote rainfall. However, it is not only uneconomical, but also likely to cause environmental pollution and disasters. Therefore, this prior art has not been popularized and implemented.

Contents of the invention

The present invention provides a cover that causes rainfall in a localized area to promote rainfall in a localized area.

The present invention also provides a method for causing rainfall in a local area, so as to promote rainfall in the local area.

In order to achieve the above advantages or other advantages, an embodiment of the present invention proposes a cover that promotes rainfall in a local area, which is used to cover a site that can receive heat energy, and a space can be formed between the cover and the site to accommodate air. , so that the inner air receives heat energy, and then uses its outer skin to block the mixing and convection of the inner air and the outside air, reducing the transfer of heat energy from the inside to the outside to cause a temperature difference between the inside and outside air, and using the buoyancy generated by the temperature difference between the inside and outside air to push up the covering body The outer skin forms a huge space to accommodate the air and store a huge amount of heat energy in the air inside, so that the covered hot air can be used to promote rainfall in local areas.

The covering body at least includes an anti-buoyancy device and the above-mentioned outer skin.

The skin is made of at least one thin body, the strength of which can withstand the expected stress caused by the buoyancy of hot air; the skin can generally prevent the passage of air from the inside or outside to the other side. The outer skin is used to cover the site that can receive heat energy; the edge of the outer skin has been maintained at or close to the original height of the site surface from the beginning of gas storage to the filling of air, but at the same time, the outer skin The part inside the edge can be pushed away from the field surface, so that a large space can be formed between the outer skin and the lower surface of the field to accommodate air; wherein, the gap between the outer skin edge and the lower field surface , can also be used as an air intake channel for outside air to enter the space, so that when the inside of the skin is pushed up, the outside air can enter the space through the air intake channel; or, the air intake channel can also be selected according to actual needs. Optionally below the lower portion or edge of the skin, by providing ducts or pads or the like which can form passages for air to enter.

The anti-buoyancy device includes a plurality of anchor pieces and a plurality of anti-buoyancy pull pieces, which are scattered and distributed under the part that can be lifted inside the edge of the covering body. The anchors are scattered on the site, and the upper ends of each anti-buoyancy tension member are respectively connected to various parts of the outer skin, and the lower ends are connected to the anchors. The anti-buoyancy tension members are components for transmitting tension between the skin and the anchors. The tensile strength of each of the anti-buoyancy tension members is such that it can withstand the expected stresses caused by the buoyancy of the heated air covered by the skin. The anchor is set on the site below the outer skin and is an object that can be connected to bear the upward pulling force, and is anchored to the site or the original ground object, and its anchoring force is sufficient to withstand the upward pulling force caused by the buoyancy of the hot air above it. or an object placed on the field or on the original ground objects with sufficient gravity to withstand the upward pull caused by the buoyancy of the hot air above it.

The heat energy received by the air in the covering body can be any one or any number of the following: radiant heat from the sun, ground heat, heat released from the ground or water surface, or industrial waste heat, etc., but not limited thereto. Its way of receiving heat energy can be through any one or any number of the following: through the outer skin, through the surface of the site, or through the added pipeline, etc., but not limited thereto.

The covering body can make the air covered by it receive heat energy and its outer skin can block the air on both sides of it from mixing and convecting each other, so that the temperature of the air inside is higher than the temperature of the outside air, thus in addition to storing heat energy in the In addition to the air covered by it, the air temperature difference on both sides can also be used to generate buoyancy to push up the outer skin to increase its space to accommodate more air. The buoyancy force on the covering skin generated based on the air temperature difference is proportional to the height of the skin from the air intake channel in addition to the temperature difference. In the stage of starting heat storage, the present invention can make a part of the inside of the outer skin higher than the air intake channel to reach a sufficient height difference to form the protruding part of the "starting bulge", thus allowing the covered air to receive heat energy and The buoyancy force on the protruding part produced by the temperature difference between the inside and the outside air caused by the outer skin's ability to block heat energy from transferring outwards can be greater than the gravity of the protruding part and start to push up the protruding part. In order to obtain a sufficient height difference, it can be obtained by field experiments or by calculation with reference to the following relational formula (1):

Make buoyancy greater than gravity:

H×ΔT×C>ΔW/ΔA

H＞ΔW/(C×ΔA×ΔT) Relational formula (1)

Wherein, H is the height difference (m) between the protruding part of the outer skin and the air intake passage (m); ΔW is the weight (kg) of the protruding part of the outer skin; ΔA is the projected area (m2) of the protruding part of the outer skin on the horizontal plane; ΔT is the air temperature difference between the inside and outside of the covering body (°C); C is the buoyancy coefficient of the air temperature difference (kg/m3-°C).

According to Boyle-Charlie's law, the relationship between the above-mentioned coefficient of buoyancy to air temperature difference (coefficient of buoyancy to air temperature difference) C and the local atmospheric temperature and atmospheric pressure at that time can be calculated as the following relationship (2):

C＝0.348P/〔(273+T)×(273+T+ΔT)〕 Relational formula (2)

Among them, T is the atmospheric temperature (°C) near the covering body; P is the atmospheric pressure (mb) near the covering body.

In order to make the outer skin form a "starting uplift" protruding part, the original higher convex ground in the site, or the original higher convex ground objects on the site can be used, so that the outer skin laid on it is higher than the air intake channel. In the case where there is a sufficient height difference, the protruding part of the "starting uplift" is formed at the higher convexity; or, the protruding part of the "starting uplift" can also be added on the surface of the site by means of risers, etc. Raising or elevating a portion of the interior of the skin above the intake passage by a sufficient height difference such that the portion forms a raised portion of the "starter bump".

When the covered air accepts heat energy and heats up so that the protruding part in the outer skin meets the above relation (1), that is, when the buoyancy of the air below the protruding part is greater than the gravity of the protruding part, the protruding part can be started to be drawn Push up, and at the same time, the outside air is attracted through the adjacent air intake channel, and then flows to the bottom of the protruding part through the gap between the field surface and the outer skin surface, filling the increased space due to being pushed up. The above-mentioned gaps are due to the unevenness of the surface of the site, or the original ground objects on the site, or the anti-buoyancy tension members and reinforcing components originally installed under the outer skin to raise the outer skin when the outer skin is laid on the site. A space is formed between them, and the space can be communicated from at least one air intake channel to the space under the outer skin of the protruding part.

After the protruding part of the outer skin starts to be pushed up, it will continue to receive heat energy, so that the protruding part can continue to be pushed higher and expand its range, and at the same time continue to attract the outside air into it, until the outer skin at all parts is completely covered. Push up to the set height of each anti-buoyancy puller and make the huge space between the skin and the site full of "incipient heat" air. After being filled with air, it continues to receive heat energy, and the temperature of the covered air is further increased. While the covered air receives heat energy and heats up, the moisture on the site also absorbs heat energy and becomes latent heat, which evaporates and becomes water vapor stored in the covered air. After receiving heat energy for a period of time, the covered air becomes hot and humid "hot" air.

After accumulating a huge amount of "hot" air, when you want to release the covered "hot" air, you can relax or release at least one anti-buoyancy puller, so that the inner hot air pushes up the outer skin, and forms an opening at the edge of the outer skin to make the outer skin The covering "hot" air is expelled into the lower atmosphere to increase the temperature and humidity of the lower atmosphere in local areas.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the above-mentioned outer skin can also be made of a thin object and a reinforcing member.

In an embodiment of the present invention, at least a part of the above-mentioned thin object of the outer skin has light transmission.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the covering body for promoting rainfall in a localized area further comprises: at least one vent is disposed inside the covering skin, so that the edge of the vent is similar to the edge around the covering skin as described above. The setting method is to keep approximately the original height of the site surface continuously. When the covered hot air is to be released, the anti-buoyancy pull piece near the air release port must be loosened so that the buoyancy of the covered hot air can push up the The edge portion of the air release port and the surrounding skin can form the air release port to release hot air.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the covering for promoting rainfall in a local area further includes a plurality of reinforcing members.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the above-mentioned thin-shaped outer skin is a film of plastic film or similar material (such as rubber or artificial rubber, etc.), or the material is supplemented by adding fibers, wire segments, braids or combinations thereof. Any one or several of plastic films made of strong objects or films of similar materials.

Another embodiment of the present invention proposes a method for promoting rainfall in a local area, comprising the following steps:

Step 1, using at least one of the above-mentioned coverings that promote rainfall in local areas to cover the site that can receive heat energy.

Step 2: Lay the outer skin of the covering on the surface of the field, and make a part of the outer skin form a "starting bulge" protruding part, and make the covered air receive heat energy to generate a temperature difference between the air on the inner and outer sides, Therefore, the buoyancy of the covered hot air to the protruding part is greater than the gravity of the protruding part, so that the buoyancy of the covered air begins to push up the protruding part, and at the same time attracts the outside air to enter the filling through the air intake channel. Increased space for liters.

Step 3, make the covered air continue to receive heat energy, so that the protruding part continues to be pushed up to a higher level, and the range that is pushed up gradually expands, and at the same time, the outside air continues to be drawn in, until each The outer skin of the position is all pushed up to the height set by each anti-buoyancy pulling member, and the space covered by the covering body is full of "incipient heat" air.

Step four, after being filled with the "initial heat" air, continue to receive heat energy, so that the temperature of the covered air is further increased. At the same time, the water on the site also absorbs heat energy and becomes latent heat, evaporates into water vapor and stores it in the covered air. After receiving heat energy for a period of time, the covered air becomes hot and humid "hot" air.

Step 5, after accumulating and storing a huge amount of heat energy in the covered air, the covered air can be released to the lower atmosphere at any appropriate time to increase the temperature and humidity of the lower atmosphere, thus increasing the atmospheric humidity in this local area. Stability, thereby promoting the development of small-scale cumulonimbus clouds and rainfall.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the method for forming a part of the outer skin as a "starting bulge" protruding part includes: obtaining the distance of the protruding part from the air intake passage in advance by field experiments or calculation from the above-mentioned relational formula After the required height, check whether the height of the protruding part of the skin placed on the field is higher than the required height according to the obtained required height. If so, the protruding part of the skin can be used as the starting point protruding part. If it is not higher than the required height, it is necessary to increase the heightening or stacking equipment on the site to prop up or push up a part of the interior of the outer skin to make its height higher than the required height, thus forming a "starting bulge" protruding part.

In one embodiment of the invention, the method of releasing the enveloping hot air includes loosening at least one anti-buoyancy tension member.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the method for inducing rainfall in a local area further includes adding ice crystal nuclei or condensation nuclei, or both, to the hot air before releasing the covered hot air.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the method for adding ice crystal nuclei and/or condensation nuclei comprises: (1) exhausting the flue gas of burning silver iodide into the covered hot air; and/or (2) spraying salt solution to form a fog Droplets of water into the covered hot air.

In the present invention, the cover that promotes rainfall in local areas covers a large area of ground to accommodate a huge volume of air to receive heat energy. After the above five steps, it can receive a large area of available heat energy and store a huge amount. Heat energy is in the huge volume of air it covers. This huge volume of high-temperature and high-humidity air is released into the lower atmosphere to increase the temperature and humidity of the lower atmosphere. Therefore, local atmospheric instability can be increased. Especially when the atmosphere is relatively unstable, it is released into the lower atmosphere, which can make the atmosphere more unstable in local areas, so it can promote the formation of strong convective cells upward convection, and increase the chance of developing into small-scale cumulonimbus clouds and rainfall. Therefore, the covering body and method for promoting rainfall in a local area of the present invention can effectively generate rainfall in a local area.

The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of the present invention. In order to better understand the technical means of the present invention, it can be implemented according to the contents of the description, and in order to make the above and other purposes, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and understandable , the following preferred embodiments are specifically cited, and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, the detailed description is as follows.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 depicts a schematic top view of a cover that promotes rainfall in a local area according to an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 2 shows the enlarged schematic diagram of the A-A section of Fig. 1 when the cover that impels rainfall in a local area is applied to an uneven site filled with air;

Fig. 3A is a partial enlarged schematic diagram of the edge part of the skin in Fig. 2 located on the ground at a higher terrain in the site;

FIG. 3B is a partially enlarged schematic diagram of the top surface of the skin in FIG. 2;

Fig. 4 depicts the enlarged schematic diagram of the B-B section of Fig. 1 when the cover that promotes rainfall in local areas is applied to some sites as water surfaces and filled with air;

FIG. 5A shows a partial enlarged schematic diagram of the edge portion of the outer skin and the surface of the field as the water surface in FIG. 4;

FIG. 5B is a schematic cross-sectional view of B-B in FIG. 5A;

FIG. 5C is a schematic cross-sectional view of C-C in FIG. 5A;

FIG. 6 is a schematic top view of a cover that promotes rainfall in a local area according to another embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 7 depicts an enlarged schematic view of the E-E section of Figure 6 when it is filled with air; and

FIG. 8 is a flowchart of a method for inducing rainfall in a local area according to an embodiment of the present invention.

detailed description

In order to improve the limitations of existing artificial rainfall techniques, the present invention proposes to increase the temperature and humidity of the lower atmosphere, that is, to increase the means of atmospheric instability in local areas, so that a small scale (horizontal width between about 0.5 km to 10 km) of cumulonimbus clouds, methods of causing rainfall in localized areas and the structures they use. This method needs to cover a huge amount of air on the ground surface, so that the covered air can receive heat and prevent it from mixing and convecting with the outside air, so as to store heat energy in the covered air. After accumulating and storing a huge amount of heat energy, the covered air is released into the lower atmosphere to increase the temperature and humidity of the lower atmosphere, and promote the formation of small-scale cumulonimbus clouds, resulting in opportunities for rainfall. The structure used in the above method is a covering body, which can be used to cover the site to accommodate air, accept and store heat energy. In order to make the covering body larger in area and height, so as to receive more heat energy and store a huge amount of heat energy in the huge volume of air, the present invention utilizes the buoyancy generated by the temperature difference between the inside and outside of the outer skin to support the inside of the outer skin of the covering body to form a Huge space, replacing the existing structure with bulky components such as slabs, beams and columns. And the present invention adopts a plurality of anti-buoyancy pulling parts to be dispersedly arranged in various positions of the covering body, so that after the air is filled and the temperature rises, the buoyancy that exceeds the gravity of each position at each position is canceled on the spot. Therefore, in addition to making the covering body It can be made into a larger area and height, and the stress on the outer skin of the covering body can be greatly reduced, and the thickness and weight of the thin object of the outer skin can be reduced within the allowable stress range of the material, so that At the stage when the covering body starts to receive heat energy, it is easy to meet the relational expression (1) mentioned below to form a "starting bulge" protruding part to start pushing up the inside of the outer skin and sucking air into it. The thickness of the thin object with the outer skin in the present invention is, for example, about 0.03 mm to 2.0 mm, but not limited thereto. Pushing up the outer skin and sucking air continue as the heat energy continues to be received. When it is full of air, it continues to accept heat energy and heats up again, so that the buoyancy of the air is far greater than the gravity of the outer skin. Then use the anti-buoyancy tension parts distributed in various parts to bear the buoyancy force exceeding its gravity on the spot, so that the stress of the outer skin is very small and can be made thin and light, and the outer skin will not be damaged due to the large coverage area, but can be formed A large volume of space holds air. Continue to accept heat energy after being filled with air, and the large volume of air covered by it stores a huge amount of heat energy. The width of a single covering body is, for example, about 200 meters to 5 kilometers, but not limited thereto. In the case of using multiple adjacent covering bodies, the length and width of the site should be increased accordingly, for example, about 500 meters to 20 kilometers or more. After being filled with air, the height is between 5 meters and 150 meters.

The covering body for promoting rainfall in a local area of the present invention is set on a site capable of receiving heat energy, and the site surface may be the whole ground, or part of the ground and part of the water. The site can be chosen to be a flat ground or a ground with little ups and downs. There may be no ground objects or not very high ground objects on the ground to facilitate the installation of components such as skins. If there are occasionally too high convex ground or ground objects within the edge of the site, it should not exceed or approach the design height of the outer skin of the site, otherwise, it can be treated by trimming or removal. However, the ground below the edge of the skin can be chosen to be relatively flat and without too high ground objects. If the ground undulation is too large or the ground objects are too high, avoid, trim, or remove them.

FIG. 1 is a schematic top view of a cover that promotes rainfall in a local area according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is an enlarged schematic view of the A-A section of FIG. 1 when the covering body for promoting rainfall in a local area is applied to an uneven site filled with air. FIG. 3A is a partial enlarged schematic view of the edge portion of the skin in FIG. 2 located at a higher position on the field surface. FIG. 3B is a partially enlarged schematic diagram of the top surface of the skin in FIG. 2 . Please refer to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 , a cover 10 for promoting rainfall in a local area according to an embodiment of the present invention can be used to cover the surface of the site that can receive heat energy: including the ground G and the water surface W. The site surface may also include the ground G, but not the water surface W. The covering body 10 includes a skin 81 and an anti-buoyancy device 11 . The edge portion 15 of the outer skin 81 is kept at or close to the original height of the field surface (ground G and water surface W), and the top 111, gradient transition portion 211 and side portion 311 of the outer skin 81 can be lifted from the field surface (ground G and water surface W). The water surface W) is pushed up so that a space 5 can be formed between the outer skin 81 and the field surface (the ground G and the water surface W) to accommodate air. If a gap is formed between the edge portion 15 of the outer skin 81 and the field surface due to uneven ground G or low ground objects on the ground, the gap can be used as the air intake channel 4 . However, if the ground G where part of the edge portion 15 is located is too much higher than the ground G where the edge portion 15 of other parts is located, then the air intake passage is not provided at this place, and the edge portion 15 and the ground G at this place are closed with the closure 14 The gap between them increases the airtightness. For example, soil or other objects are used to press the edge portion 15 of the skin 81 to produce a closed effect, as shown in FIG. 3A . When the water surface W is below the edge portion 15, the edge portion 15 is immersed in the water, so there is no gap here as an air intake channel. Therefore, as long as there is an air intake passage 4 at the ground G place, it is sufficient, and no air intake passage can be provided at the water surface W place. If it is necessary to set up an air intake channel at the water surface W, hollow pipes (will be described below with reference to Figure 5B) or pads (will be described with reference to Figure 5C below) can be added to form a space that can communicate with the inner and outer sides. The channel replaces the intake channel 4. The anti-buoyancy device 11 includes a plurality of anchors 12 and a plurality of anti-buoyancy pullers 13a, 13b, 13c dispersedly distributed, its upper end is connected to various parts of the outer skin 81, and its lower end is connected to the anchors 12 arranged on the site. By receiving heat energy, the temperature of the air in the space 5 is higher than that of the outside world, thereby generating buoyancy on the outer skin, and then the buoyancy is enough to push up the top 111, the gradient transition portion 211 and the side 311 of the outer skin through a sufficient height difference, so that the space 5 increase and attract the air of the outside world to enter and fill the space increased because the outer skin is pushed up. Along with continuing to receive thermal energy, the outer skin continues to be pushed up to the preset height of each anti-buoyancy pulling member and is pulled, thereby making the space formed between the covering body 10 and the site surface (ground G and water surface W) accumulate. full of air. Continue to receive heat energy to reheat the huge volume of air contained, thus storing more heat energy in the covered air.

As shown in Figure 2, the skin 81 of the cover 10 is strong enough to withstand the expected stresses caused by the buoyancy of the covered heated air. In addition, the thin object 82 that forms the outer skin 81 can block the air in the space 5 from penetrating the outer skin 81 to communicate with the outside air. At least a part of the thin object 82 has light transmission, so that sunlight can enter the outer skin 81 from the outside. , to heat the air in the outer skin 81. The thin object 82 can be a plastic film with the above functions, or a thin film of other materials with the above functions. For example, it can be polyethylene (Polyethylene, PE), ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer (Ethylene VinylAcetate Copolymer, EVA), polyvinyl chloride (Polyvinyl Chloride, PVC), polypropylene (Polypropylene, PP), polyethylene terephthalate Films of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) or other materials with similar properties, such as rubber films or elastomeric films, or a combination of any of these films. In addition, fibers, wire segments, braids or combinations thereof may also be added to the aforementioned plastic films or films of materials with similar properties to enhance their structural strength.

After the covering body 10 is full of air, it continues to receive heat energy, so that the air in the air continues to heat up, thereby making the air buoyancy exceed the gravity of the outer skin 81. The part that exceeds the gravity of the outer skin 81 is formed by the anti-buoyancy pullers 13a, 13b at various positions. , 13c bear, and then transferred to the anchor 12 to offset. The anchor 12 is fixed or placed at a site where it can be fixed or placed. Each anchor 12 is an object capable of being connected with one or more anti-buoyancy tension elements and capable of bearing the tension thereof. An example of the former is a pile fixed on the ground G or the bottom of the water, a plant, a structure, or any other object fixed on the site as the anchor 12 . An example of the latter is a block of sufficient weight placed on the ground G or water, such as concrete, stone, metal or wood, etc., or a combination, such as a container (such as a bag, basket or bucket, etc.) filled with heavy objects ( Such as soil, etc.) combination as the anchor 12. In the embodiment of Fig. 2, the anchors 12 are piles fixed on the ground G and the bottom of the water, and each anchor 12 can be connected with one or more anti-buoyancy pullers 13a, 13b, 13c to withstand the temperature rise after the air is filled. Air buoyancy exceeds the part of the gravity of the outer skin 81 .

The anti-buoyancy tension members 13a, 13b, 13c of the cover body 10 are members providing tension transmission between the skin 81 and the anchor 12, and their strength should be able to withstand the expected tension caused by the buoyancy of the covered hot air. The anti-buoyancy tension members 13a, 13b, 13c are made of components capable of transmitting tension, and their materials can be made of artificial materials, natural materials or a combination thereof. In the embodiment of FIG. 2 , each anti-buoyancy tension member 13 a is connected to the top 111 , each anti-buoyancy tension member 13 b is connected to the gradient transition portion 211 , and each anti-buoyancy tension member 13 c is connected to the side portion 311 . The anti-buoyancy puller 13 a is connected downwardly with the anchor 12 in a substantially vertical direction, so that the anchor 12 can counteract the buoyancy borne by the top surface 111 . The anti-buoyancy puller 13b is connected to the anchor 12 inwardly and downwardly, so that the anchor 12 can offset the horizontal and vertical component force derived from the buoyancy of the gradient transition part 211, and can also prevent the gradient transition part 211 from being affected by the buoyancy. The derived horizontal and vertical components are transferred and accumulated to the side portion 311 and the edge portion 15 to cause damage. The anti-buoyancy puller 13c is connected to the anchor 12 inwardly and downward, so that the anchor 12 can offset the horizontal and vertical component force derived from the buoyancy of the side portion 311, thereby reducing the stress on the outer skin 81.

The covering body 10 for promoting rainfall in local areas may further include a plurality of reinforcing members 285 disposed in the outer skin 81 and respectively connected from the top 111 and the gradient transition portion 211 to the side portion 311 , as shown in FIG. 2 . The tension of the outer skin 81 of the side part 311 is reduced by the horizontal component force of the pulling force, and the vertical component force of the pulling force is used to assist the side part 311 to be pulled away from the field. The reinforcing member 285 may be made of man-made materials, natural materials or a combination thereof.

The outer skin 81 of the cover 10 that promotes rainfall in a local area may further include a plurality of reinforcing members 85, 185, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3B. The reinforcing member 85 is disposed inside the thin object 82 of the outer skin 81 , and the reinforcing member 185 is disposed on the outer surface of the thin object 82 of the outer skin 81 to increase the tension that the outer skin 81 can bear. The reinforcement members 85, 185 may be made of man-made materials, natural materials, or a combination thereof.

In order for the interior of the cover 10, which promotes rainfall in localized areas, to be lifted up and sucked in by air, it is necessary to estimate in advance the desired height of the bulge forming the "starter hump" from the air intake duct. It can be obtained by field experiments, and can also be obtained by calculation with reference to the following relational formula (1).

Make buoyancy greater than gravity:

H×ΔT×C>ΔW/ΔA

H＞ΔW/(C×ΔA×ΔT) Relational formula (1)

Wherein, H is the height difference (m) between the protruding part of the outer skin 81 and the air intake channel; ΔW is the weight (kg) of the protruding part of the outer skin 81; ΔA is the projected area ( m2); ΔT is the air temperature difference between the inside and outside of the covering body (°C); C is the buoyancy coefficient of the air temperature difference (kg/m3-°C).

According to Boyle-Charlie's law, the relationship between the above-mentioned air temperature difference buoyancy coefficient C and the local atmospheric temperature and atmospheric pressure at that time can be calculated as the following relationship (2):

C＝0.348P/〔(273+T)×(273+T+ΔT)〕 Relational formula (2)

Wherein, T is the atmospheric temperature (° C.) near the covering body 10 ; P is the atmospheric pressure (mb) near the covering body 10 .

After obtaining the desired height from the air intake channel, detect whether the height of the protruding part of the outer skin 81 on the higher convex original ground G in the field or the higher convex original ground objects in the field is high. at the desired height. If yes, then the protruding part of the higher convex original ground G or the outer skin above the original ground object can be used as the protruding part of the "starting uplift". If not, you can increase the setting of a riser 31, such as a frame or other heightening items or stacking tools with the same effect, which are arranged on the ground G of the site to raise a part of the outer skin 81 so that it is higher than the required height. In the Figure 2 embodiment, a frame is used as a riser 31 to elevate a portion of the interior 111, 211 of the skin 81 above the desired height, thereby forming a raised portion of the "starter bump".

As shown in Fig. 4 and Fig. 5A, when the edge portion 15 is at the water surface W place, because the edge portion 15 and the nearby skin 81 are immersed in water, there is a gap between the edge portion 15 and the nearby skin 81 and the water surface W. There is no gap between them that can be used as an air intake channel. If it is necessary to have an air intake passage at the edge portion 15 of the water surface W, it can be selectively added to the lower part of the outer skin 81 or below the edge portion 15 to serve as an inlet by adding a pipe or a pad that can form a passage for air to enter. gas channel. As shown in FIG. 5B , an additional hollow pipe 42 of any length extends from above the water surface W on the outside of the covering body 10 through the edge 15 and its nearby outer skin 81 to above the ground G on the inside of the covering body 10. The hollow part of 42 is used as air intake channel. In addition, it is also possible to add a raised object, for example, the lower part is placed on the bottom of the water, and the upper part is exposed to the water surface (not shown), or a buoyant raised object 33 (as shown in Figure 5C), etc., is placed on the edge 15 and Below the outer skin 81 near it, from the outside of the edge portion 15 to the inner water bank, a gap can be formed between the water surface W of the site and the edge portion 15 and the outer skin 81 for air to enter its inner space from its outer space, so that The connected gap serves as an air intake channel.

When the adjacent areas of the site have industrial waste heat or geothermal heat, etc., the covering body 10 that promotes rainfall in some areas can increase the installation of heat transfer pipelines (not shown in the figure), so that industrial waste heat or geothermal heat can be transported from the adjacent areas of the site. Heat energy enters the space inside the outer skin 81 through the lower side of the edge portion 15 of the outer skin 81 .

In addition, as shown in Figure 4, at least a part of the area of the water surface W where there are no other components or objects placed under the above-mentioned covering body 10 can be added with an object 22 that can float on the water surface and reduce sunlight transmission, such as buoyant wood or Plants or plastic products or other items with air bubbles to reduce the transfer of solar radiation heat into the water.

And when the covering body 10 that the present embodiment promotes the rainfall in the local area accumulates and stores a huge amount of heat energy in the air covered by it, loosen at least one anti-buoyancy pulling member 13b, 13c adjacent to the edge portion 15, so that the covered heat energy The air pushes up the outer skin of this part (such as the gradient transition portion 211 and the side portion 311), and drives its adjacent edge portion 15 to be pushed away from the field surface (such as the ground G, the water surface W), and forms an opening, making it The blanketed warm air is released into the lower atmosphere through this opening. The anti-buoyancy pullers 13a, 13b, 13c can be provided with various fasteners, rings or hooks to connect with the anchor 12, so that the anti-buoyancy pullers 13a, 13b, 13c can be easily separated from the anchor 12. Furthermore, a remote release device can be installed between the anti-buoyancy pulling pieces 13a, 13b, 13c and the anchor piece 12, so that each anti-buoyancy pulling piece 13a, 13b, 13c can be synchronously separated from the connected anchor piece 12.

Please refer to FIG. 6 and FIG. 7 . FIG. 6 is a schematic top view of another embodiment of the covering body for promoting rainfall in a local area of the present invention. FIG. 7 is an enlarged schematic diagram of the section E-E of FIG. 6 . Another embodiment of the present invention discloses a covering body 10 that promotes rainfall in local areas further includes: at least one vent 30 can be arranged inside the outer skin 81 of the covering body 10, and the edge 15 of the vent 30 and its surrounding area The anti-buoyancy pull members 13b, 13c are arranged in a manner similar to the edge portion 15 and the anti-buoyancy pull members 13b, 13c around the outer skin 81 of the aforementioned covering body 10; G, the original height of the water surface W). When desiring to release the covered hot air, at least one anti-buoyancy puller 13b, 13c near the edge 15 of the air release port 30 must be loosened, so that the buoyancy of the covered hot air pushes up the vicinity of the edge 15 of the air release port 30 The outer skin (such as the slope transition part 211 and the side part 311), and then drives the edge part 15 near it to be pushed away from the surface of the site (such as the ground G, the water surface W), and forms the air release port 30, thus being able to pass through the discharge port. The vents 30 release the blanketed hot air into the lower atmosphere. In the embodiment of FIG. 6 , except for the configuration of the air vent 30 as described above, the configuration and composition of each component are the same as those of the embodiment in FIG. 1 , and will not be repeated here.

Please refer to FIG. 8 . FIG. 8 is a flowchart of a method for prompting rainfall in a local area according to an embodiment of the present invention. A method for promoting rainfall in a local area disclosed in the present invention includes the following steps.

Step 801, use one or several adjacent coverings to promote rainfall in local areas to cover the site that can receive heat energy.

Step 802, laying the skin of the covering body on the surface of the field, and making a part of the skin form a "starting bulge" protruding part, and making the air covered by the skin receive heat energy so that the air inside the skin and the air outside the skin generate The temperature difference makes the buoyancy of the protruding part greater than the gravity of the protruding part, so that the buoyancy of the covered air starts to push up the protruding part, and at the same time attracts the outside air to enter the filling through the air intake channel and is pushed up And the increased space.

Step 803, make the covered air continue to receive heat energy, so that the protruding part continues to be pushed up to a higher level, and the range that is pushed up gradually expands, and at the same time, the outside air continues to be sucked in, until each The outer skin of the position is all pushed up to the height set by each anti-buoyancy tension member, so that the huge space between the covering body and the site is full of "primary heat" air.

Step 804, after the covering body is filled with "initial heat" air, it continues to receive heat energy, so that the temperature of the covered air is further increased. At the same time, the water on the site also absorbs heat energy and becomes latent heat, evaporates and becomes water vapor, which is stored in the covered air. After receiving heat energy for a period of time, the covered air becomes hot and humid air.

Step 805, after accumulating and storing a huge amount of heat energy in the covered air, release the covered air to the lower atmosphere at any appropriate time. If several adjacent coverings are used, the release into the lower atmosphere can be performed approximately simultaneously to increase the temperature and humidity of the lower atmosphere. As a result, the atmospheric instability in this local area is increased, which promotes the development of small-scale cumulonimbus clouds and rainfall.

The method for promoting rainfall in local areas of the present invention uses at least one cover that promotes rainfall in local areas to cover a large-area site, and through the above five steps, it can receive a large area of available heat energy and store a huge amount of heat energy. Heat energy is contained in the huge volume of air covered. Releasing this huge volume of high-temperature and high-humidity air into the lower atmosphere can increase the temperature and humidity of the lower atmosphere, thereby increasing atmospheric instability in local areas. Especially when the atmosphere is relatively unstable, it can promote the occurrence of small-scale cumulonimbus clouds, which may cause showers in local areas.

If the covered site (such as the ground G) lacks moisture, it is more possible to make the site have moisture in any way before step 801 or in the process of receiving heat energy, such as: irrigation, watering, water spraying, etc., to make the site There is moisture on the site, so that the moisture on the site absorbs heat energy and becomes latent heat and evaporates into water vapor stored in the covered air.

In step 802, in order to form a "starting bulge" protruding part inside the cover skin that promotes rainfall in local areas, the required height of the protruding part from the air intake passage needs to be obtained in advance. The required height can be obtained from field experiments or calculated from relational formulas. The former is: after the covered air is heated up, use a machine tool (such as a pusher) or a heightening object (such as a frame) to slowly raise the inside of the outer skin (such as the top, the gradient transition part) from low to high. A part of it protrudes, and when it is increased to the height when the skin begins to be floated by hot air, it is the desired height. The latter is: by relational expressions, such as the above-mentioned relational expressions (1) and (2), the weight per unit area of components such as the outer skin, the atmospheric temperature and pressure near the site, and the temperature of the air on both sides of the outer skin after receiving heat energy are measured on the spot. For the difference data, the height difference calculated in the above two relational formulas (2) and (1) is substituted into the desired height from the air intake passage. After obtaining the required height according to any of the above methods, check whether the height of the protruding part of the outer skin on the higher convex original ground laid on the site or the higher convex original ground objects on the site is higher than desired height. If so, you can use the raised portion of the skin as the raised portion of the "starter bump". If the required height is not reached, it is necessary to increase the heightening or push-up equipment on the field to prop up or push up a part of the outer skin to make it higher than the required height to form the protruding part of the "starting bulge".

In step 805, the method of releasing the covered hot air includes loosening at least one anti-buoyancy pull member in the cover that promotes rainfall in a local area, so that the covered hot air pushes up the skin of the part (such as the slope transition portion and side), and the edge near it is also pushed away from the surface of the field to form an opening. Taking Fig. 2 as an example, the left side edge 15 is lifted away from the ground G to form an opening, so that the inner hot air flows to the left side and is released into the lower atmosphere through the opening. If Fig. 7 is taken as an example, the anti-buoyancy pullers 13b, 13c near the edge portion 15 of the vent 30 must be loosened, so that the buoyancy of the covered hot air pushes up the skin of this part (such as the slope transition portion 211 and the side portion 311). ), and the edge portion 15 near it is also pushed away from the ground G to form the vent 30, and the hot air can be released into the lower atmosphere through the vent 30 more concentratedly. In addition, a clip chain (not shown) can also be installed on the top of the outer skin 111 or the gradient transition portion 211, and when the air inside is to be released, the anti-buoyancy pullers 13a, 13b near the clip chain can be loosened to make the part The higher the outer skin is, the more tension it is subjected to, and the zipper opens because it cannot bear the excessive tension and releases its inner hot air. As for the timing of releasing the covered hot air: it can be released into the lower atmosphere after accumulating and storing a huge amount of high-energy air, which can increase the instability of the atmosphere in some areas and increase the chance of rainfall. However, when the atmosphere is less stable, the effect is better. For example, between 12:00 noon and 2 hours before sunset, the near-earth atmosphere increases its temperature and humidity due to solar radiation, that is, the atmosphere is relatively unstable. when unstable. Alternatively, it can also refer to when the weather stability reported by the meteorological agency is low, as an appropriate time to release the covered air.

In step 805 , before releasing the covered hot air, ice crystal nuclei or/and condensation nuclei may be added to the covered hot air. The method is, for example: (1) burning silver iodide, adding the flue gas into the covered hot air, using the silver iodide particles in the flue gas as ice crystal nuclei to suspend in the hot air, or/and (2) spraying salt solution to form a fog Small water droplets in the shape of small water droplets in the covered hot air, using the salty water droplets to evaporate rapidly in the hot air, the remaining salt particles are used as condensation nuclei to suspend in the hot air. The ice nuclei and/or condensation nuclei are released into the lower atmosphere along with the hot air. It can make the water vapor in the convective cells easier to form clouds and release latent heat, thus further promoting the rise and development of convective cells. In the prior art, silver iodide is burned on the ground, and it is difficult to accurately release it into the updraft of the front. However, the present invention can accurately release the silver iodide fume into the released hot air and rise with the updraft.

Based on the above-mentioned embodiments, a covering body and method for promoting rainfall in local areas of the present invention has the following characteristics:

1. Utilize the covering body of the present invention to receive renewable heat energy to heat up the covered air, and then use the buoyancy force caused by the temperature difference between inside and outside to push the covering body, without using heavy structural materials such as plates, beams and columns to support the structure, and can Make a lot of space. Therefore, a plurality of anti-buoyancy pullers are used in various parts of the covering body to directly bear most of the buoyancy of the outer skin of each part, which is transmitted to the anchors on the ground below to offset. No buoyancy buildup from the top center of the skin to the edges. Therefore, the covering body can be made into a large area and a large volume with reference to the length and width of the site, and a large area of renewable heat energy can be stored in a large volume of air.

2. Release the huge amount of heat and humid air stored in the covering body into the lower atmosphere to increase the temperature and humidity of the lower atmosphere in some areas, that is, increase its instability and increase the chance of rain. It is not necessary to wait for thick clouds or fronts with signs of rain to come to promote rain. Even in sunny days, as long as there is renewable heat energy, it can promote rain and have the effect of relieving drought. Moreover, the present invention utilizes renewable heat energy to promote rain, which can avoid environmental pollution and disasters.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and does not limit the present invention in any form. Although the present invention has been disclosed as above with preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Anyone familiar with this field Those skilled in the art, without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the present invention, may use the method and technical content disclosed above to make some changes or modify equivalent embodiments with equivalent changes, but if they do not depart from the content of the technical solution of the present invention, Any simple modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present invention still fall within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of nappe for promoting some areas rainfall, it is characterised in that can be received to be covered on the place of heat energy, The air that huge space flood tide is formed between the nappe and the place can be made, and air in the nappe is received heat Can, then obstruct its interior air by the crust of the nappe and mixed with outside air and convection current, attenuating heat energy is outwards transmitted, and is caused Inner air and outer air temperature difference, and the buoyancy produced using inner air and outer air temperature difference raised the crust of the nappe and forms huge space and hold Receive and air and store flood tide heat energy in the inner in air, in order to the hot-air covered to promote some areas rainfall, the covering Body comprises at least crust and anti-floating power utensil, wherein：

The crust is at least by thin object institute into the expection that the intensity of the crust can be born caused by the buoyancy of hot-air should Power, the crust can substantially obstruct air from its inner or outer side through another side is circulated to, and the crust can connect to be covered in By on the place of heat energy, the edge part of the crust starts to be generally kept at always during gas storage is extremely full of air or is bordering on this certainly The original height on place surface, in the same time, the part within the edge part of the crust then can leave this by raising Place surface, and make that a large space can be formed between the crust and place surface below and accommodate air, the wherein crust The edge part and place surface below between gap, the air inlet for being more suitable as outside air into the space leads to Road；

The anti-floating power utensil include multiple anchors and multiple anti-floating power draw pieces, be dispersedly distributed in the edge part of the nappe with Interior can be raised the lower section of part, and those anchors are dispersedly arranged at place, and the upper end of those anti-floating power draw pieces is connected respectively In each position of the crust, lower end is connected to those anchors, and respectively the anti-floating power draw piece is anchor and the crust in its connection Between the component of transmission pulling force is provided, the tensile strength of the anti-floating power draw piece is suitable to bear floating because of the hot-air that the crust is covered Expection stress caused by power, those anchors are to be arranged on place below the crust, to be available for linking to bear upward pulling force Object, and for anchoring or be positioned over place or ground thing, its anchor force or own wt are enough to bear its top hot-air The object of upward pulling force caused by buoyancy；

The nappe is suitable to utilize higher convex original ground or original ground thing in the place, makes the crust of lay thereon high Enough differences in height are reached in inlet channel, and the projection of " starting protuberance " is formed in the higher convex, thus make to be capped Air by receiving heat energy and outwards transmitted so as to produced by the inner air and outer air temperature difference that causes by the barrier heat energy of crust The gravity of the projection is more than to the floatage energy of the projection, and can start to raise the projection, while attracting extraneous Air is further continued for making covered air receive heat energy in entering, and enables the projection to continue to be raised higher and scope More expand, while continue to attract in extraneous air enters, until the huge space of the nappe is stored full " initial heat " air, it After be further continued for receiving heat energy, and covered air themperature is more raised, thus be able to store more heat energy huge in what is covered In volumes of air, while heat energy is received, the moisture on the place can absorb heat energy as latent heat and evaporate as aqueous vapor Store in the air covered, and covered air is turned into hot and wet air, in storing the hot and wet air of flood tide Afterwards, when being intended to discharge covered air, it is able to release at least one anti-floating power draw piece, its interior hot-air is raised the crust, And the hot and wet air covered is flowed out in lower atmosphere in crust edges formation opening, to increase some areas lower floor The temperature and humidity of air, increase some areas atmospheric instability, promote some areas rainfall.

2. the nappe according to claim 1 for promoting some areas rainfall, it is characterised in that the thin object of the crust is extremely A few part has translucency.

3. the nappe according to claim 1 for promoting some areas rainfall, it is characterised in that the crust is by thin object And stiffener is constituted.

4. the nappe according to claim 1 for promoting some areas rainfall, it is characterised in that described to promote some areas The nappe of rainfall further includes multiple reinforcement members.

5. the nappe according to claim 1 for promoting some areas rainfall, it is characterised in that described to promote some areas The nappe of rainfall further includes the high thing of support, is arranged on place, is higher than the part to support the part in the high crust inside Inlet channel forms the projection of " start protuberance " up to enough differences in height, thus makes capped air by receiving heat To the buoyancy of the projection produced by the inner air and outer air temperature difference that can and be caused by outside transmit of barrier heat energy of crust The gravity of the projection can be more than, and can start to raise the projection.

6. the nappe according to claim 1 for promoting some areas rainfall, it is characterised in that outside intracutaneous portion set to A few gas vent, when making the nappe be intended to discharge covered hot-air, is able to release at least one near the gas vent Anti-floating power draw piece, makes covered hot-air floatage energy boost the edge part and its neighbouring crust of the gas vent, and is formed and put Gas port discharges air.

7. a kind of method for promoting some areas rainfall, it is characterised in that include：

The nappe of some areas rainfall is promoted to be covered in and can receive using any one of an at least claim 1-6 The place of heat energy；

The crust of the nappe is laid in place surface, and make the protuberance of the part formation " starting protuberance " in the crust Point, and covered air is received heat energy and air inside and outside the crust is produced temperature difference, thus start and covered Aerostatic buoyancy raise the projection, while attract outside air via inlet channel enter fill it is increased because being raised Space；

Make covered air continue to receive heat energy, thus continue to raise crust and attract in outside air enters, to raise always Height set by each anti-floating power draw piece, thus full of " initial heat " air；

Make covered air be further continued for receiving heat energy, and make covered air themperature higher, the moisture on place is also received Heat energy, which turns into latent heat and is evaporated to aqueous vapor, to be stored in the air covered, thus accumulation stores more heat energy in the sky covered In gas；And

Discharge air that this is covered into lower atmosphere, lift the temperature and humidity of lower atmosphere, increase some areas it is big Gas instability, so as to promote to develop into small yardstick cumulonimbus and rainfall.

8. the method according to claim 7 for promoting some areas rainfall, it is characterised in that make a part of shape in crust Its height is reached into the part in crust inside of the method comprising the high nappe of support of the projection of " starting protuberance " Capped air can be made to be produced by the inner air and outer air temperature difference caused by receiving heat energy and the outside transmission of crust barrier heat energy The raw buoyancy to the projection is more than the gravity of the projection.

9. the method according to claim 7 for promoting some areas rainfall, it is characterised in that discharge the heat that this is covered empty The method of gas includes and releases at least one anti-floating power draw piece.

10. the method according to claim 7 for promoting some areas rainfall, it is characterised in that described promotes partly The method of area's rainfall is further included before release covers hot-air, ice crystal nucleus is added in the air after this is heated and/or solidifying Tuberculosis.