CN107267723A - A kind of Technology for Heating Processing of low alloy steel castings - Google Patents
A kind of Technology for Heating Processing of low alloy steel castings Download PDFInfo
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- CN107267723A CN107267723A CN201710559343.5A CN201710559343A CN107267723A CN 107267723 A CN107267723 A CN 107267723A CN 201710559343 A CN201710559343 A CN 201710559343A CN 107267723 A CN107267723 A CN 107267723A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/26—Methods of annealing
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/26—Methods of annealing
- C21D1/28—Normalising
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
- C21D6/005—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Mn
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
- C21D6/008—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Si
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/06—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing aluminium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/08—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing nickel
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/14—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing titanium or zirconium
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of Technology for Heating Processing of low alloy steel castings, belong to heat treating castings field, comprise the following steps:1) preheat:Casting is placed in the pre-heat treatment in high temperature furnace;2) normalizing;Casting is subjected to normalized treatment;3) it is tempered:Casting is delivered in tempering furnace and carries out temper;4) quench:Low-alloy casting is delivered in vacuum quencher and carries out Quenching Treatment, room temperature is then air-cooled to;5) anneal:Finally low-alloy casting is delivered in Muffle furnace and made annealing treatment, room temperature is air-cooled to.This kind of Technology for Heating Processing is by properly increasing heating-up temperature and extension soaking time, and the structural transformation so as to make low alloy steel castings fully effectively improves its mechanical performance and impact flexibility, suitable popularization and application.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to heat treating castings field, and in particular to a kind of Technology for Heating Processing of low alloy steel castings.
Background technology
Low alloy steel castings progressively substitutes ordinary carbon steel part, is widely used in because having the advantages that high intensity, high-wearing feature
The materials such as casting field, especially ZG42CrMo, ZG35CrMo, its intensity is 2-3 times of ordinary carbon steel.In actual applications,
Need the intensity, hardness and toughness of reasonable selection low-alloy steel.At present, the Technology for Heating Processing of low alloy steel castings is typically using just
Fire-quenching-tempering, wherein hardening media quenching oil, its ratio by mass compare 1:Ton casting of 10, i.e., 1 is put into 10 tons of quenching oils,
To ensure quenching effect, conventional low-alloy steel is different due to Technology for Heating Processing flow and the chemical composition element accounting of itself,
And then cause the mechanical performance of finished product cast to reduce, functional need is can not meet, accordingly, it would be desirable to improve.
The content of the invention
, should the invention provides a kind of Technology for Heating Processing of low alloy steel castings for problems of the prior art
Technology for Heating Processing is planted by properly increasing heating-up temperature and extension soaking time, so as to make the tissue of low alloy steel castings
Transformation is abundant, effectively improves its mechanical performance and impact flexibility, suitable popularization and application.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of Technology for Heating Processing of low alloy steel castings, is followed the steps below:
(1) preheat:Low-alloy casting after casting is placed in the pre-heat treatment in high temperature furnace;
The low-alloy casting includes following composition by weight percentage:C0.48-1.20%, Al1.10-2.08%,
Si0.50-1.25%, Mn0.84-1.32%, Ni0.10-0.20%, Ti0.70-1.40%, surplus are Fe and not removable
Trace element;
(2) normalizing;Low-alloy casting after the pre-heat treatment is delivered to car-type normalizing furnace and carries out normalized treatment;
(3) it is tempered:It is 340~380 DEG C of insulations that low-alloy casting after normalized treatment, which is delivered in tempering furnace in temperature,
2-4h, continues heating and is tempered;High tempering is gradually cooling to temperature 90-110 after being warming up to 640~720 DEG C, insulation 4-6h
DEG C, come out of the stove;
(4) quench:Low-alloy casting is delivered in vacuum quencher, is first warming up to after 680~720 DEG C, insulation 2-3h,
Hardening heat is warming up to for 840~860 DEG C, 2-3h is incubated, is then air-cooled to room temperature;
(5) anneal:Finally low-alloy casting is delivered in Muffle furnace and is first warming up to after 380~420 DEG C, insulation 4-6h,
580~640 DEG C of annealing temperature is warming up to, 4-8h is incubated, is air-cooled to room temperature.
Further, in step (1), the preheating temperature of the high temperature furnace is 360-520 DEG C, and pre-heating temperature elevation speed is
15-25 DEG C/min, preheating time is 1-2h.
Further, the low-alloy casting includes following composition by weight percentage:C0.70-1.00%,
Al1.35-1.87%, Si0.66-1.10%, Mn0.92-1.24%, Ni0.12-0.16%, Ti0.88-1.24, surplus are Fe
Not removable trace element.
Further, the low-alloy casting includes following composition by weight percentage:C0.85%, Al1.60%,
Si0.87%, Mn1.10%, Ni0.15%, Ti1.06%, surplus are Fe and not removable trace element.
Further, not removable trace element≤0.03%.
Further, in step (2), the normalized treatment is first to be warming up to 860~940 DEG C, is incubated 3-4h;It is empty afterwards
It is cooled to 380~420 DEG C;690~750 DEG C are warming up to again, are incubated 2-3h;Normalizing temperature is finally risen into 870~930 DEG C, insulation
4-5h;380~420 DEG C are air-cooled to afterwards.
Further, in step (3), the gradually cooling is carried out according to 10 DEG C/min cooling rate.
Further, in step (5), the heating rate of the Muffle furnace is 10-20 DEG C/min.
Beneficial effects of the present invention:The low alloy steel castings Technology for Heating Processing of the present invention is by rationally controlling low-alloy steel to cast
Part chemical element content so that the intensity of finished product shield is high, next properly increased heating-up temperature in heat treatment process and
Extend soaking time, the structural transformation so as to make steel fully, effectively improves mechanical performance and impact flexibility, last strict control
Refrigeration but ways and means, it is ensured that the enough quenching degree of steel and the complete transformation of tissue, and carry out every mechanical performance inspection
Test, especially impact test, all technical reaches that 100% is qualified.In addition, the Technology for Heating Processing step is simple and easy to apply, work
Skill Rational Parameters, it is easy to promote and use.The Technology for Heating Processing of the present invention uses the work of preheating+normalizing+tempering+quenching+annealing
Skill flow, compared with traditional Technology for Heating Processing, its advantage is further refinement and even grained, farthest improves crystal grain
Degree, and prepare good organization condition for the heat treatment of postorder.
Embodiment
The embodiment of the present invention is further described with reference to embodiment, following examples are only used for more
Technical scheme is clearly demonstrated, and can not be limited the scope of the invention with this.
Embodiment 1
A kind of Technology for Heating Processing of low alloy steel castings, is followed the steps below:
(1) preheat:The low-alloy casting after casting is first placed in the pre-heat treatment in high temperature furnace, and the preheating of high temperature furnace
Temperature is 360 DEG C, and pre-heating temperature elevation speed is 15 DEG C/min, and preheating time is 1h;
Described low-alloy casting includes following composition by weight percentage:C0.48%, Al1.10%, Si0.50%,
Mn0.84%, Ni0.10%, Ti0.70%, surplus are Fe and not removable trace element, and the not removable micro member
Cellulose content≤0.03%;
(2) normalizing;Low-alloy casting after the pre-heat treatment is delivered to car-type normalizing furnace and carries out normalized treatment, its is specific
Step is first to be warming up to 860 DEG C, is incubated 3h;380 DEG C are air-cooled to afterwards;690 DEG C are warming up to again, are incubated 2h;Finally by normalizing temperature
Degree rises to 870 DEG C, is incubated 4h;380 DEG C are air-cooled to afterwards;
(3) it is tempered:It is 340 DEG C of insulation 2h that low-alloy casting after normalized treatment, which is delivered in tempering furnace in temperature, after
Continuous heating is tempered;High tempering is gradually cooling to temperature after being warming up to 640 DEG C, insulation 4h according to 10 DEG C/min cooling rate
90 DEG C of degree, comes out of the stove;
(4) quench:Low-alloy casting is delivered in vacuum quencher, is first warming up to after 680 DEG C, insulation 2h, is warming up to
Hardening heat is 840 DEG C, is incubated 2h, is then air-cooled to room temperature;
(5) anneal:Finally low-alloy casting is delivered in Muffle furnace and is first warming up to 380 with 10 DEG C/min heating rate
DEG C, after insulation 4h, 580 DEG C of annealing temperature is warming up to, 4h is incubated, room temperature is air-cooled to and completes low alloy steel castings of the invention
Technology for Heating Processing.
Embodiment 2
A kind of Technology for Heating Processing of low alloy steel castings, is followed the steps below:
(1) preheat:The low-alloy casting after casting is first placed in the pre-heat treatment in high temperature furnace, and the preheating of high temperature furnace
Temperature is 420 DEG C, and pre-heating temperature elevation speed is 20 DEG C/min, and preheating time is 1.5h;
Described low-alloy casting includes following composition by weight percentage:C0.70%, Al1.35%, Si0.66%,
Mn0.92%, Ni0.12%, Ti0.88%, surplus are Fe and not removable trace element, and the not removable micro member
Cellulose content≤0.03%;
(2) normalizing;Low-alloy casting after the pre-heat treatment is delivered to car-type normalizing furnace and carries out normalized treatment, its is specific
Step is first to be warming up to 880 DEG C, is incubated 3.5h;390 DEG C are air-cooled to afterwards;700 DEG C are warming up to again, are incubated 2.2h;Finally will just
Fiery temperature rises to 880 DEG C, is incubated 4.5h;390 DEG C are air-cooled to afterwards;
(3) it is tempered:It is 350 DEG C of insulation 2.2h that low-alloy casting after normalized treatment, which is delivered in tempering furnace in temperature,
Continue to heat and be tempered;High tempering is gradually cooled down after being warming up to 660 DEG C, insulation 4.5h according to 10 DEG C/min cooling rate
To 95 DEG C of temperature, come out of the stove;
(4) quench:Low-alloy casting is delivered in vacuum quencher, is first warming up to after 690 DEG C, insulation 2.2h, heating
It is 845 DEG C to hardening heat, is incubated 2.5h, is then air-cooled to room temperature;
(5) anneal:Finally low-alloy casting is delivered in Muffle furnace and is first warming up to 390 with 12 DEG C/min heating rate
DEG C, after insulation 4.5h, 590 DEG C of annealing temperature is warming up to, 5h is incubated, the low alloy steel castings that room temperature completes the present invention is air-cooled to
Technology for Heating Processing.
Embodiment 3
A kind of Technology for Heating Processing of low alloy steel castings, is followed the steps below:
(1) preheat:The low-alloy casting after casting is first placed in the pre-heat treatment in high temperature furnace, and the preheating of high temperature furnace
Temperature is 450 DEG C, and pre-heating temperature elevation speed is 20 DEG C/min, and preheating time is 1.5h;
Described low-alloy casting includes following composition by weight percentage:C0.85%, Al1.60%, Si0.87%,
Mn1.10%, Ni0.15%, Ti1.06%, surplus are Fe and not removable trace element, and the not removable micro member
Cellulose content≤0.03%;
(2) normalizing;Low-alloy casting after the pre-heat treatment is delivered to car-type normalizing furnace and carries out normalized treatment, its is specific
Step is first to be warming up to 900 DEG C, is incubated 3.5h;400 DEG C are air-cooled to afterwards;720 DEG C are warming up to again, are incubated 2.5h;Finally will just
Fiery temperature rises to 900 DEG C, is incubated 4.5h;400 DEG C are air-cooled to afterwards;
(3) it is tempered:It is 360 DEG C of insulation 3h that low-alloy casting after normalized treatment, which is delivered in tempering furnace in temperature, after
Continuous heating is tempered;High tempering is gradually cooling to temperature after being warming up to 680 DEG C, insulation 5h according to 10 DEG C/min cooling rate
100 DEG C of degree, comes out of the stove;
(4) quench:Low-alloy casting is delivered in vacuum quencher, is first warming up to after 700 DEG C, insulation 2.5h, heating
It is 850 DEG C to hardening heat, is incubated 2.5h, is then air-cooled to room temperature;
(5) anneal:Finally low-alloy casting is delivered in Muffle furnace and is first warming up to 400 with 15 DEG C/min heating rate
DEG C, after insulation 5h, 630 DEG C of annealing temperature is warming up to, 6h is incubated, room temperature is air-cooled to and completes low alloy steel castings of the invention
Technology for Heating Processing.
Embodiment 4
A kind of Technology for Heating Processing of low alloy steel castings, is followed the steps below:
(1) preheat:The low-alloy casting after casting is first placed in the pre-heat treatment in high temperature furnace, and the preheating of high temperature furnace
Temperature is 500 DEG C, and pre-heating temperature elevation speed is 25 DEG C/min, and preheating time is 1.8h;
Described low-alloy casting includes following composition by weight percentage:C1.00%, Al1.87%, Si1.10%,
Mn1.24%, Ni0.16%, Ti1.24, surplus are Fe and not removable trace element, and the not removable trace element
Content≤0.03%;
(2) normalizing;Low-alloy casting after the pre-heat treatment is delivered to car-type normalizing furnace and carries out normalized treatment, its is specific
Step is first to be warming up to 920 DEG C, is incubated 4h;410 DEG C are air-cooled to afterwards;740 DEG C are warming up to again, are incubated 3h;Finally by normalizing temperature
Degree rises to 910 DEG C, is incubated 4.5h;410 DEG C are air-cooled to afterwards;
(3) it is tempered:It is 360 DEG C of insulation 3.5h that low-alloy casting after normalized treatment, which is delivered in tempering furnace in temperature,
Continue to heat and be tempered;High tempering is gradually cooled down after being warming up to 700 DEG C, insulation 5.5h according to 10 DEG C/min cooling rate
To 105 DEG C of temperature, come out of the stove;
(4) quench:Low-alloy casting is delivered in vacuum quencher, is first warming up to after 710 DEG C, insulation 2.5h, heating
It is 855 DEG C to hardening heat, is incubated 2.8h, is then air-cooled to room temperature;
(5) anneal:Finally low-alloy casting is delivered in Muffle furnace and is first warming up to 410 with 20 DEG C/min heating rate
DEG C, after insulation 5.5h, 630 DEG C of annealing temperature is warming up to, 7h is incubated, the low alloy steel castings that room temperature completes the present invention is air-cooled to
Technology for Heating Processing.
Embodiment 5
A kind of Technology for Heating Processing of low alloy steel castings, is followed the steps below:
(1) preheat:The low-alloy casting after casting is first placed in the pre-heat treatment in high temperature furnace, and the preheating of high temperature furnace
Temperature is 520 DEG C, and pre-heating temperature elevation speed is 25 DEG C/min, and preheating time is 2h;
Described low-alloy casting includes following composition by weight percentage:C1.20%, Al2.08%, Si1.25%,
Mn1.32%, Ni0.20%, Ti1.40%, surplus are Fe and not removable trace element, and the not removable micro member
Cellulose content≤0.03%;
(2) normalizing;Low-alloy casting after the pre-heat treatment is delivered to car-type normalizing furnace and carries out normalized treatment, its is specific
Step is first to be warming up to 940 DEG C, is incubated 4h;420 DEG C are air-cooled to afterwards;750 DEG C are warming up to again, are incubated 3h;Finally by normalizing temperature
Degree rises to 930 DEG C, is incubated 5h;420 DEG C are air-cooled to afterwards;
(3) it is tempered:It is 380 DEG C of insulation 4h that low-alloy casting after normalized treatment, which is delivered in tempering furnace in temperature, after
Continuous heating is tempered;High tempering is gradually cooling to temperature after being warming up to 720 DEG C, insulation 6h according to 10 DEG C/min cooling rate
110 DEG C of degree, comes out of the stove;
(4) quench:Low-alloy casting is delivered in vacuum quencher, is first warming up to after 720 DEG C, insulation 3h, is warming up to
Hardening heat is 860 DEG C, is incubated 3h, is then air-cooled to room temperature;
(5) anneal:Finally low-alloy casting is delivered in Muffle furnace and is first warming up to 420 with 20 DEG C/min heating rate
DEG C, after insulation 6h, 640 DEG C of annealing temperature is warming up to, 8h is incubated, room temperature is air-cooled to and completes low alloy steel castings of the invention
Technology for Heating Processing.
The preferred embodiments of the present invention are the foregoing is only, are not intended to limit the invention, although with reference to foregoing reality
Apply example the present invention is described in detail, for those skilled in the art, it still can be to foregoing each implementation
Technical scheme described in example is modified, or carries out equivalent substitution to which part technical characteristic.All essences in the present invention
God is with principle, and any modification, equivalent substitution and improvements made etc. should be included in the scope of the protection.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of Technology for Heating Processing of low alloy steel castings, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
(1) preheat:Low-alloy casting after casting is placed in the pre-heat treatment in high temperature furnace;
The low-alloy casting includes following composition by weight percentage:C 0.48-1.20%, Al 1.10-2.08%, Si
0.50-1.25%, Mn 0.84-1.32%, Ni 0.10-0.20%, Ti 0.70-1.40%, surplus are Fe and not removable
Trace element;
(2) normalizing;Casting after the pre-heat treatment is delivered to car-type normalizing furnace and carries out normalized treatment;
(3) it is tempered:It is 340~380 DEG C of insulation 2-4h that low-alloy casting after normalized treatment, which is delivered in tempering furnace in temperature,
Continue to heat and be tempered;High tempering is gradually cooling to 90-110 DEG C of temperature after being warming up to 640~720 DEG C, insulation 4-6h, goes out
Stove;
(4) quench:Low-alloy casting is delivered in vacuum quencher, is first warming up to after 680~720 DEG C, insulation 2-3h, heating
It is 840~860 DEG C to hardening heat, is incubated 2-3h, is then air-cooled to room temperature;
(5) anneal:Finally low-alloy casting is delivered in Muffle furnace and is first warming up to after 380~420 DEG C, insulation 4-6h, heating
To 580~640 DEG C of annealing temperature, 4-8h is incubated, room temperature is air-cooled to.
2. the Technology for Heating Processing of a kind of low alloy steel castings according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in step (1),
The preheating temperature of the high temperature furnace is 360-520 DEG C, and pre-heating temperature elevation speed is 15-25 DEG C/min, and preheating time is 1-2h.
3. a kind of Technology for Heating Processing of low alloy steel castings according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the low-alloy casting
Part includes following composition by weight percentage:C 0.70-1.00%, Al 1.35-1.87%, Si 0.66-1.10%, Mn
0.92-1.24%, Ni 0.12-0.16%, Ti 0.88-1.24%, surplus are Fe and not removable trace element.
4. a kind of Technology for Heating Processing of low alloy steel castings according to claim 3, it is characterised in that the low-alloy casting
Part includes following composition by weight percentage:C 0.85%, Al 1.60%, Si 0.87%, Mn 1.10%, Ni
0.15%, Ti 1.06%, surplus is Fe and not removable trace element.
5. the Technology for Heating Processing of a kind of low alloy steel castings according to claim 4, it is characterised in that described not can remove
Trace element≤0.03%.
6. the Technology for Heating Processing of a kind of low alloy steel castings according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in step (2),
The normalized treatment is first to be warming up to 860~940 DEG C, is incubated 3-4h;380~420 DEG C are air-cooled to afterwards;It is warming up to 690 again~
750 DEG C, it is incubated 2-3h;Normalizing temperature is finally risen to 870~930 DEG C, 4-5h is incubated;380~420 DEG C are air-cooled to afterwards.
7. the Technology for Heating Processing of a kind of low alloy steel castings according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in step (3),
The gradually cooling is carried out according to 10 DEG C/min cooling rate.
8. the Technology for Heating Processing of a kind of low alloy steel castings according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in step (5),
The heating rate of the Muffle furnace is 10-20 DEG C/min.
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CN114032366A (en) * | 2019-12-27 | 2022-02-11 | 安徽应流集团霍山铸造有限公司 | Heat treatment method of 1E4904 type medium-carbon low-alloy steel |
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