CN107266122A - A kind of fibrofelt enhancing aerogel foam concrete and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

A kind of fibrofelt enhancing aerogel foam concrete and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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CN107266122A
CN107266122A CN201610214836.0A CN201610214836A CN107266122A CN 107266122 A CN107266122 A CN 107266122A CN 201610214836 A CN201610214836 A CN 201610214836A CN 107266122 A CN107266122 A CN 107266122A
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aerogel
foam concrete
fibrofelt
powder
agent
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CN107266122B (en
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卢锋
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NANJING WEICAI NEW ENERGY TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
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NANJING WEICAI NEW ENERGY TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
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    • C04B26/30—Compounds having one or more carbon-to-metal or carbon-to-silicon linkages ; Other silicon-containing organic compounds; Boron-organic compounds
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    • C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
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    • C04B28/24—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing alkyl, ammonium or metal silicates; containing silica sols
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    • C04B38/00—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof
    • C04B38/10—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof by using foaming agents or by using mechanical means, e.g. adding preformed foam
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    • C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of fibrofelt enhancing aerogel foam concrete and preparation method thereof, it is characterized in that, it is made up of aerogel powder, foam concrete and fibrofelt, the aerogel powder is made up of inner hydrophobic layer and surface hydrophilic layer, and the surface hydrophilic thickness degree is 0.1 ~ 100 μm.The preparation method of the fibrofelt enhancing aerogel foam concrete of the present invention comprises the following steps：（1）Aerogel powder is modified；（2）By step（1）Obtained aerogel powder is dry-mixed with binder materials, and then add water wet mixing；（3）By step（2）Obtained wet compound is mixed with preformed foam, stirring, obtains aerogel foam concrete；（4）By step（3）Aerogel foam concrete infiltrate to fibrofelt.Aerogel powder is nano-porous structure in the fibrofelt enhancing aerogel foam concrete of the present invention, fibrofelt enhancing aerogel foam concrete has excellent thermal and insulating performance and mechanical property, the fields such as wall thermal insulating, fire prevention, sound insulation are can be widely applied to, market application foreground is huge.

Description

A kind of fibrofelt enhancing aerogel foam concrete and preparation method thereof
Technical field
Mixed the present invention relates to a kind of construction material and preparation method thereof, more particularly to a kind of fibrofelt enhancing aerogel foam Solidifying soil and preparation method thereof, belongs to the fields such as lightweight, thermal insulation, fire prevention, acoustic material.
Background technology
With the development of the society, being on the rise the problems such as energy crisis, environmental degradation.2006,《National economy and society Develop 11th Five-Year Plan outline》" energy-saving and emission-reduction " concept is proposed first, it is proposed that the Eleventh Five-Year Plan period（2006-2010 Year）Energy consumption per unit reduction by 20% or so, total emissions of major pollutants reduces by 10% the binding indicator." section Can " promotion " emission reduction ", produce at home in total energy consumption, building energy consumption accounts for 33%, and building energy conservation is the weight of China's energy-saving and emission-reduction cause In it is weight.According to statistics, the heat loss of wall body structure takes wall the key that heat insulation measure is building energy conservation with respect to highest Step.
Conventional wall heat insulation material has expanded polystyrene (EPS), polyurathamc, rock wool, thermal insulation mortar, foamed glass, biography System foam concrete etc..Expanded polystyrene (EPS) and polyurathamc heat-proof quality are excellent, but it meets fiery inflammable, generation asphyxiating Smog, it is serious to threaten owner's safety；Rock wool heat-proof quality is excellent, but meets water failure, and difficulty of construction is big；Thermal insulation mortar is prevented fires Performance is good, but thermal conductivity factor is of a relatively high；Foamed glass is easily scaling-off, and cost is higher, influences its engineer applied.
Compared with existing insulation material, foam concrete belongs to A grades of insulation materials, and low excellent with intensity height, cost Gesture, still, its heat preservation and insulation is not as good as organic foam insulation material.Therefore, the thermal insulation separation of foam concrete is further improved Hot property is significant.
Aeroge is a kind of light-weight inorganic solid material with three-dimensional network skeleton structure and nanoscale hole hole, with pole High porosity, specific surface area, extremely low density and solid content, chemical inertness and noninflammability, show excellent lightweight, insulation The characteristics such as heat-insulated, fire prevention, sound insulation, damping energy-absorbing, thermal conductivity factor can as little as 0.013W/mK.Therefore, if aeroge is added to It is expected to break through the bottleneck that restriction further improves foam concrete heat preservation and insulation in foam concrete.Fibrofelt has excellent Mechanical property, such as pliability, shear resistant, compression strength, if can significantly improve fibrofelt and foam concrete are compound The mechanical property of foam concrete.
However, running into following technical bottleneck when researching and developing fibrofelt enhancing aerogel foam concrete：（1）Due to aeroge Powder and concrete density difference are big, in mixed process, easily occur phenomenon of phase separation therebetween, cause the aeroge to be difficult It is evenly distributed in concrete system, causes foam concrete mechanical property degradation, and heat-insulating property improves unobvious； （2）In foam concrete preparation process, aeroge nano-porous structure is easily by the water and cement raw material in concrete Additive etc. is destroyed, and loses the excellent heat-insulating property that aeroge comes by nano-porous structure characteristic strip；（3）Aeroge and gelling Usually because boundary strength is low between material, between fibrofelt and binder materials, foam concrete mechanical property is caused significantly to drop It is low, and it is easily caused aerogel powder and fibrofelt comes off from concrete substrate.
The content of the invention
For above-mentioned technical problem, the present invention proposes a kind of fibrofelt enhancing aerogel foam concrete and its preparation side Method.
A kind of fibrofelt strengthens aerogel foam concrete, is made up of aerogel powder, foam concrete and fibrofelt, institute State aerogel powder to be made up of inner hydrophobic layer and surface hydrophilic layer, the surface hydrophilic thickness degree is 0.1 ~ 100 μm.
In one of the embodiments, the fibrofelt be glass mat, basalt fibre felt, alumina fiber blanket, Carbon fiber felt, silicon carbide fibre felt, lignin fibre felt, polypropylene fibre felt, vinal felt, polyvinyl chloride fibre felt In one or more.
A kind of fibrofelt strengthens the preparation method of aerogel foam concrete, comprises the following steps：
（1）Aerogel powder is modified；
（2）By step（1）Obtained aerogel powder is dry-mixed with binder materials, and then add water wet mixing；
（3）By step（2）Obtained wet compound is mixed with preformed foam, stirring, obtains aerogel foam concrete；
（4）By step（3）Aerogel foam concrete infiltrate to fibrofelt.
In one of the embodiments, the step（1）Including hydrophobically modified step；The hydrophobically modified is closed Hydrophobically modified is carried out to aerogel powder in hydrophobic modifier gaseous environment；The hydrophobic modifier is trim,ethylchlorosilane, six Methyl disilazane, HMDO, MTMS, MTES, dimethylformamide dimethyl epoxide Silane, dimethyldiethoxysilane, γ-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, gamma-aminopropyl-triethoxy-silane, γ-（2,3- The oxygen of epoxy third）Propyl trimethoxy silicane, γ-methacryloxypropyl trimethoxy silane, N-（β-aminoethyl）-γ- One or more mixtures in aminopropyl triethoxysilane.
In one of the embodiments, the step（1）Also include surface hydrophilic modification step；The surface hydrophilic modification To be modified using surface hydrophilic modification solution to hydrophobic aerogel powder surface；The surface hydrophilic modification solution is surface The aqueous solution of the aqueous solution or low surface tension solvent of activating agent and low surface tension solvent；The surfactant is anion One kind or many in type surfactant, cationic surface active agent, amphoteric surfactant, nonionic surface active agent Kind；The anionic surfactant is fatty alcohol phosphates, aliphatic alcohol polyoxyvinethene phosphate salt, alkylsurfuric acid Salt, fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether sulfate, fatty acid glyceride sulfate, sulphation ricinoleate, cycloalkanes sulfate, fatty acyl Amine alkyl sulfate, alkylbenzenesulfonate, alkylsulfonate, fatty acid methyl ester ethoxylate sulfonate, fatty acid methyl ester sulphur One or more in hydrochlorate, aliphatic alcohol polyethenoxy ether carboxylate；The cationic surface active agent is aliphatic ammonium salt； The amphoteric surfactant is alkyl amino acid, carboxylic acid group's glycine betaine, sulfobetaines, phosphate glycine betaine, alkyl hydroxy One or more in amine oxide；The nonionic surface active agent is aliphatic polyester, APES, high-carbon AEO, polyoxyethylene carboxylate, fatty acid methyl ester ethoxylate, the oxireme addition of polypropylene glycol One or more in thing, sorbitan ester, sucrose fatty ester, alkyl esteramides；The low surface tension solvent is third One or more mixtures in ketone, n-hexane, pentane, normal heptane, ethanol, isopropanol, the tert-butyl alcohol, propane diols, glycerine.
In one of the embodiments, in the surface hydrophilic modification step, in addition to additional physical field action step；Institute It is one kind in far infrared radiation, stirring, ultrasonication, ball milling to state additional physical field action step.
In one of the embodiments, the step（1）Also include drying process step；The drying process step is remote One kind in infra-red drying, spray drying, microwave drying, constant pressure and dry, supercritical drying, subcritical drying, freeze-drying.
In one of the embodiments, the step（2）And/or step（3）In can also add phase-changing energy storage material, it is light One or more in aggregate, admixture, fire retardant, wood powder, additive；The phase-changing energy storage material is the nothing of microcapsule coated One or more in machine water and salt, higher aliphatic hydrocarbon, polyalcohol, multi-hydroxy carboxy acid；The lightweight aggregate is clinker, expansion leech Stone, expanded perlite, glass bead, light weight sand, polyurethane foam particles, the one or more of polystyrene foam particles；It is described Admixture is the one or more in adding calcium fly ash, II grade of flyash, silicon ash, ground slag powder, phosphorus slag powder；The fire retardant For one or both of magnesium hydroxide, aluminium hydroxide；The additive is the surfactant, water reducer, hydrophober, rush One or more in solidifying agent, retarder, thickener, foam stabilizer, preservative；The water reducer is polycarboxylic acids dehydragent, wood One or more in quality sulfonate sodium water reducer, naphthalene water reducer, aliphatic water reducing agent, amino water reducer；The hydrophobic Agent is the one or more in hard sulfonate hydrophober, organosilicon moisture repellent；The coagulant is sodium metasilicate, aluminum sulfate, nitric acid One or more in sodium, calcium nitrate, sodium sulphate, sodium carbonate, lithium carbonate；The retarder is citric acid, sodium polyphosphate, bone One or more in glue protein matter, borax；The thickener is methylcellulose, ethyl cellulose, hydroxymethyl cellulose, hydroxyl One or more in ethyl cellulose, bentonite, white carbon, starch；The foam stabilizer be polyacrylamide, polyvinyl alcohol, One or more in silicones polyethers emulsion, DDAO, alkylolamides；The preservative is 1,2- Benzisothiazole-3-ketone, CMIT, MIT, 1,3,5- tri- One or more in (2- ethoxys) s-triazine, hexahydro -1,3,5- triethyl groups-triazine.
In one of the embodiments, the binder materials be portland cement, aluminate cement, sulphate aluminium cement, Magnesia oxychloride cement, gypsum, lime, waterglass, acrylic resin, polyurethane resin, epoxy resin, organic siliconresin, fluorine carbon tree One or more in fat.
In one of the embodiments, the preformed foam is to use high pressure foaming machine or mechanical agitation by physical blowing agent Preformed foam is prepared into the mixed solution of water；The physical blowing agent is rosin foaming agent, synthesis class surfactant hair One or more in infusion, vegetable protein foaming agent, animal protein foaming agent.
A kind of thermal conductivity factor of above-mentioned fibrofelt enhancing aerogel foam concrete is 0.03 ~ 0.09 W/mK, pressure resistance Spend for 1.0 ~ 20.0MPa, can be widely applied to the fields such as wall thermal insulating, fire prevention, sound insulation.
Embodiment
In order to facilitate the understanding of the purposes, features and advantages of the present invention, specific reality below to the present invention The mode of applying is described in detail.Many details are elaborated in the following description to fully understand the present invention.But The invention can be embodied in many other ways as described herein, and those skilled in the art can be without prejudice to this hair Similar improvement is done in the case of bright intension, therefore the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.
The fibrofelt of the present invention strengthens a kind of embodiment of aerogel foam concrete, by aerogel powder, foam coagulation Soil and fibrofelt composition, the aerogel powder are made up of inner hydrophobic layer and surface hydrophilic layer, the surface hydrophilic thickness degree For 0.1 ~ 100 μm.
In this way, the present invention compounds aerogel powder, fibrofelt and foam concrete so that aerogel powder is in fibrofelt It is uniformly distributed in enhancing foam concrete, aerogel powder still keeps nano-porous structure；With the existing foam concrete of in the market Compare, fibrofelt enhancing aerogel foam concrete of the invention has more excellent mechanical property and thermal and insulating performance, It is widely portable to the neck such as green building and super low energy consumption and exterior wall, self heat insulation wall, the floor dividing plate of nearly zero energy consumption building Domain.
In the present embodiment, the fibrofelt be glass mat, basalt fibre felt, alumina fiber blanket, carbon fiber felt, One kind in silicon carbide fibre felt, lignin fibre felt, polypropylene fibre felt, vinal felt, polyvinyl chloride fibre felt Or it is a variety of.
In this way, aerogel foam concrete and fibrofelt are combined by the present invention, the anti-of foam concrete can be significantly improved Folding endurance energy, compressive property, assign aerogel foam concrete certain pliability, and can reduce aerogel foam concrete Drying shrinkage value.
A kind of fibrofelt strengthens the preparation method of aerogel foam concrete, comprises the following steps：
（1）Aerogel powder is modified；
（2）By step（1）Obtained aerogel powder is dry-mixed with binder materials, and then add water wet mixing；
（3）By step（2）Obtained wet compound is mixed with preformed foam, stirring, obtains aerogel foam concrete；
（4）By step（3）Aerogel foam concrete infiltrate to fibrofelt.
In addition, step（4）Fibrofelt can also be heated before or silane coupler immersion etc. processing, it is therefore an objective to carry Interface bond strength between high microsteping felt and binder materials；Step（4）In infiltration can be that fibrofelt is immersed in wet mixing Material is closed, or under pressure or condition of negative pressure, by step（3）Aerogel foam concrete be uniformly filled between fibrofelt In space.
In this way, the preparation method of the aerogel foam concrete of the present invention has, technique is simple, process cycle is short, sharp useless ring The advantages such as guarantor, are adapted to industrialized production.
In the present embodiment, the step（1）Including hydrophobically modified step；The hydrophobically modified step is closed hydrophobic Hydrophobically modified is carried out to aerogel powder in modifying agent gaseous environment；The hydrophobic modifier is trim,ethylchlorosilane, hexamethyl Disilazane, HMDO, MTMS, MTES, dimethyldimethoxysil,ne, Dimethyldiethoxysilane, γ-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, gamma-aminopropyl-triethoxy-silane, γ-（2,3- epoxies third Oxygen）Propyl trimethoxy silicane, γ-methacryloxypropyl trimethoxy silane, N-（β-aminoethyl）- γ-aminopropyl One or more in triethoxysilane.
In this way, because in existing aeroge preparation method, precursor, displacement solvent and drying process are to the hydrophobic of aeroge Property have significant effect, if aeroge surface and water contact angle be more than 90 °, hydrophobically modified can not be carried out in advance, directly Tap into row surface hydrophilic modification；If the surface of aeroge and the contact angle of water are less than 90 °, need to carry out hydrophobic change in advance Property；Hydrophobically modified is carried out to aerogel powder in closed hydrophobic modifier gaseous environment, except significantly improving airsetting rubber powder The modified effect of body, it is ensured that outside inside nano-porous structure is not destroyed during follow-up hydrophilic modifying, also significantly improve modification efficiency And production efficiency, reduce production cost.
In the present embodiment, the step（1）Also include surface hydrophilic modification step；The surface hydrophilic modification step is to adopt Hydrophobic aerogel powder surface is modified with surface hydrophilic modification solution；The surface hydrophilic modification solution is surface-active The aqueous solution of the aqueous solution or low surface tension solvent of agent and low surface tension solvent；The surfactant is anionic table One or more in face activating agent, cationic surface active agent, amphoteric surfactant, nonionic surface active agent； The anionic surfactant is fatty alcohol phosphates, aliphatic alcohol polyoxyvinethene phosphate salt, alkyl sulfate, fat Fat alcohol polyoxyethylene ether sulfate, fatty acid glyceride sulfate, sulphation ricinoleate, cycloalkanes sulfate, fatty acid amide alkane Base sulfate, alkylbenzenesulfonate, alkylsulfonate, fatty acid methyl ester ethoxylate sulfonate, MES, One or more in aliphatic alcohol polyethenoxy ether carboxylate；The cationic surface active agent is aliphatic ammonium salt；It is described Amphoteric surfactant is alkyl amino acid, carboxylic acid group's glycine betaine, sulfobetaines, phosphate glycine betaine, alkyl hydroxy oxidation One or more in amine；The nonionic surface active agent is aliphatic polyester, APES, high carbocyclic aliphatic Alcohol APEO, polyoxyethylene carboxylate, fatty acid methyl ester ethoxylate, the oxireme addition product of polypropylene glycol, One or more in sorbitan ester, sucrose fatty ester, alkyl esteramides；The low surface tension solvent be acetone, One or more in n-hexane, pentane, normal heptane, ethanol, isopropanol, the tert-butyl alcohol, propane diols, glycerine.
In this way, the aqueous solution of the aqueous solution or low surface tension solvent using surfactant and low surface tension solvent, In hydrophilic modifying processing procedure is carried out to hydrophobic aerogel powder surface there is surface to cooperate with hydrophilic modifying effect, can significantly carry High surface hydrophilic modification solution aerogel powder surface wetting spreading rate, while significantly slowing to the inside of aerogel powder Wetting extension, by regulating and controlling the consumption of modified solution, can accurately realize to aerogel powder surface hydrophilic thickness degree Regulation and control, low surface tension solvent not only with water and surfactant there is surface to cooperate with hydrophilic modifying effect, and can be big The earth is lowered into the capillary force of the hydrophilic modifying solution in the nano-pore of aerogel powder top layer, it is easy to pass through drying process Hydrophilic modifying solution in the nano-pore of aerogel powder top layer is evaporated, without destroying its nano-porous structure, the present invention Aerogel powder present inner hydrophobic, surface hydrophilic, surface hydrophilic layer still retain nano-porous structure and surface hydrophilic thickness The architectural feature for 0.1 ~ 100 μm is spent, there is good interface cohesion between binder materials；The technique have step it is simple, The features such as cycle is short, production efficiency is high, it is adaptable to industrialized production.
In the present embodiment, in the surface hydrophilic modification step, in addition to additional physical field action step；The additional thing It is one kind in far infrared radiation, stirring, ultrasonication, ball milling to manage field action step.
In this way, additional physics field action can significantly improve the activity and and aerogel powder of surface hydrophilic modification solution Contact probability, reduce dosage of surfactant, improve aerogel powder surface hydrophilic modification speed, reduce cost, improve Production efficiency.
In the present embodiment, the step（1）Also include drying process step；The drying process step is dry for far infrared One kind in dry, spray drying, microwave drying, constant pressure and dry, supercritical drying, subcritical drying, freeze-drying.
If in this way, aerogel powder and binder materials compound tense after hydrophilic modifying, the remaining hydrophilic modifying in top layer are molten Liquid can influence interface cohesion, and processing need to be pre-dried；Using above-mentioned drying process, aerogel powder top layer nano-pore knot is being ensured On the premise of structure is not destroyed, surface hydrophilic modification solution remaining in the nano-pore of aerogel powder top layer is evaporated, carried Interface bond strength between high aerogel powder and binder materials.
In the present embodiment, the step（2）And/or step（3）In can also add phase-changing energy storage material, lightweight aggregate, mix Close the one or more in material, fire retardant, wood powder, additive；The phase-changing energy storage material for microcapsule coated inorganic water and One or more in salt, higher aliphatic hydrocarbon, polyalcohol, multi-hydroxy carboxy acid；The lightweight aggregate is clinker, expanded vermiculite, expansion Perlite, glass bead, light weight sand, polyurethane foam particles, the one or more of polystyrene foam particles；The admixture is One or more in adding calcium fly ash, II grade of flyash, silicon ash, ground slag powder, phosphorus slag powder；The fire retardant is hydroxide One or both of magnesium, aluminium hydroxide；The additive is the surfactant, water reducer, hydrophober, coagulant, slow One or more in solidifying agent, thickener, foam stabilizer, preservative；The water reducer is polycarboxylic acids dehydragent, lignin sulfonic acid One or more in sodium salt water reducer, naphthalene water reducer, aliphatic water reducing agent, amino water reducer；The hydrophober is hard sulphur One or more in hydrochlorate hydrophober, organosilicon moisture repellent；The coagulant is sodium metasilicate, aluminum sulfate, sodium nitrate, nitric acid One or more in calcium, sodium sulphate, sodium carbonate, lithium carbonate；The retarder is citric acid, sodium polyphosphate, gelatine albumen One or more in matter, borax；The thickener is methylcellulose, ethyl cellulose, hydroxymethyl cellulose, ethoxy fibre Tie up the one or more in element, bentonite, white carbon, starch；The foam stabilizer is polyacrylamide, polyvinyl alcohol, silicones One or more in polyethers emulsion, DDAO, alkylolamides；The preservative is 1,2- benzisoxas Thiazoline -3- ketone, CMIT, MIT, (the 2- hydroxyls of 1,3,5- tri- Ethyl) s-triazine, the one or more in hexahydro -1,3,5- triethyl groups-triazine.
In this way, phase-changing energy storage material can be absorbed or be discharged a large amount of heat energy by phase transformation, it is of the invention with energy storage effect Aerogel foam concrete is used for building masonry wall, can adjust architecture indoor temperature, improves comfortable quality of building, saves the energy, Also, the freezing and thawing performance of aerogel foam concrete of the present invention can be improved by adding phase-changing energy storage material；Lightweight aggregate has Low density, high compression strength, good heat-insulating property, addition lightweight aggregate can improve aerogel foam concrete mechanicses Energy, heat-insulating property, substantially do not increase or decrease its density；The workability of concrete can be improved using admixture, stick poly- property, drop The slump of low concrete, is conducive to the even aperture distribution of aerogel foam concrete, and then improve aerogel foam coagulation The mechanical property and heat-insulating property of soil；Also, be conducive to the use of industrial waste using admixture, reduce aerogel foam coagulation The cost of soil, energy-conserving profit waste；Addition fire retardant can improve the fire-protection rating of the aerogel foam concrete of the present invention, due to hydrogen The fire retardants such as magnesia, aluminium hydroxide meet fire and occur the dehydration endothermic reaction, extend the elevated speed of substrate temperature；Surface is added to live Property agent can improve wetting efficiency of the binder materials to surfaces such as fibrofelt, lightweight aggregates, and then improve binder materials and fibrofelt, Boundary strength between binder materials and lightweight aggregate；Addition water reducer can improve concrete flowability and slump, and reduction is used Water, improves the mechanical property of aerogel foam concrete；Addition hydrophober can significantly reduce aerogel foam concrete, spy It is not the water absorption rate of the aerogel foam concrete with through-hole structure, improves the freeze-thaw resistance of aerogel foam concrete and resistance to Hou Xing；The solidification rate that coagulant accelerates binder materials is added, can be reduced the presetting period of aerogel foam concrete, is reduced Aerogel foam concrete aperture so that aerogel foam concrete even aperture distribution, improves aerogel foam concrete power Learn performance and heat-insulating property；Addition retarder can slow down the solidification rate of binder materials, when using gypsum, because gypsum is solid Change speed too fast, it is necessary to add retarder regulation firm time；Addition thickener can increase concrete viscosity, improve foam and mix The stability and porosity of solidifying soil abscess so that the shape of aerogel foam concrete abscess is generally the ball-type of rule, Jin Erti The mechanical property and heat-insulating property of high aerogel foam concrete；Addition foam stabilizer can improve the bubble of aerogel foam concrete Hole stability and porosity, and then improve the mechanical property and heat-insulating property of aerogel foam concrete；Adding preservative can be with Avoid aerogel foam concrete from going mouldy, improve its service life and durability；The step of the present invention（2）Using it is dry-mixed- Two step hybrid techniques of wet mixing, solve because aerogel powder with the difference in specific gravity of binder materials is big mix when cause layering, realization changes Property uniform mixing of the aerogel powder in concrete, while reducing influence of the aerogel powder to foaming process, be conducive to control Foaming quality processed, realizes low thermal conductivity factor.
In the present embodiment, the binder materials is portland cement, aluminate cement, sulphate aluminium cement, chlorine oxygen magnesium water One in mud, gypsum, lime, waterglass, acrylic resin, polyurethane resin, epoxy resin, organic siliconresin, fluorocarbon resin Plant or a variety of.
In the present embodiment, the preformed foam is by the mixed of physical blowing agent and water using high pressure foaming machine or mechanical agitation Close solution and be prepared into preformed foam；The foaming agent is rosin foaming agent, synthesis class surfactant foaming agent, vegetable protein One or more in foaming agent, animal protein foaming agent.
In this way, blowing agent type have to the pass of aerogel foam concrete, pore-size distribution, water absorption rate, heat-insulating property compared with Then big influence, the present invention is mixed foams with wet compound using the previously prepared foams of one or more foaming agents, is made Must have excellent insulation, sound insulation, the fibrofelt enhancing aerogel foam concrete of fire protecting performance, and scene can be realized Pouring construction.
The thermal conductivity factor of above-mentioned fibrofelt enhancing superthermal insulation aerogel foam concrete is 0.03 ~ 0.09 W/mK, is resisted Compressive Strength is 1.0 ~ 20.0MPa, can be widely applied to the fields such as wall thermal insulating, fire prevention, sound insulation.
It is specific embodiment part below.
Embodiment 1
Basalt fibre felt enhancing SiO is prepared using following steps2Aerogel foam concrete：
（1）Pending SiO is detected using contact angle measurement2Aerogel powder surface and the contact angle of water, testing result is 55 °, be then 56 μm of SiO by particle diameter2Aerogel powder is positioned in vacuum furnace, with container by the hexamethyl after weighing Disilazane is positioned in vacuum furnace, heating and gasifying, hydrophobically modified 1.5h, obtains hydrophobic SiO2Aerogel powder, with connecing Feeler measuring instrument detects hydrophobic SiO2Aerogel powder surface and the contact angle of water, testing result are 147 °；
（2）At room temperature, in mass ratio 1:1:100 weigh ethanol, n-hexane and deionized water, are well mixed, are configured to table Face hydrophilic modifying solution；
（3）By hydrophobic SiO2The volume ratio 1 of aerogel powder and surface hydrophilic modification solution:3, surface modification solution is weighed, and Pour into corresponding container, step will be passed through（1）Hydrophobic SiO2Aerogel powder is mixed with surface hydrophilic modification solution, at ball milling Manage after 25min, take out filtering；
（4）By step（3）Contain the SiO of hydrophilic modifying solution in obtained surface2Aerogel powder is positioned over far infrared drying stove In, at a temperature of 120 DEG C, 0.5h is dried, furnace cooling is to taking-up after less than 50 DEG C, to SiO2The cross section of aerogel powder is entered Row detection, testing result shows that surface hydrophilic thickness degree is 7.9 μm；
（5）Step is weighed successively by proportioning（4）Obtained modified SiO2Aerogel powder, 425 Portland cements, it can divide again Latex powder, hydroxymethyl cellulose, polycarboxylic acids dehydragent, sodium sulphate are dissipated, dry mixed is carried out, obtains dry mixture；
（6）By step（5）Obtained dry mixture adds water carry out wet-mixing, obtains wet compound；
（7）The aqueous solution containing animal protein foaming agent is foamed using foaming machine, the volume ratio of animal protein foaming agent and water For 1:20, foams are made；
（8）By step（6）Obtained wet compound is mixed with foams, and mechanical agitation 1min obtains aerogel foam concrete Wet feed, then under 1.5MPa air pressure, above-mentioned wet feed is infiltrated to 150 kg/m3Basalt fibre felt in, produce Basalt fibre felt strengthens SiO2Aerogel foam concrete, table 1 is that basalt fibre felt made from the present embodiment strengthens SiO2Gas Performance indications of the gel foam concrete Jing Guo 28d standard curings.
The basalt fibre felt enhancing SiO of the embodiment 1 of table 12The performance indications of aerogel foam concrete
Embodiment 2
Glass mat enhancing SiO is prepared using following steps2Aerogel foam concrete：
（1）Pending SiO is detected using contact angle measurement2Aerogel powder surface and the contact angle of water, testing result is 45 °, be then 67 μm of SiO by particle diameter2Aerogel powder is positioned in vacuum furnace, with container by the trimethyl after weighing Chlorosilane is positioned in vacuum furnace, heating and gasifying, hydrophobically modified 1.5h, obtains hydrophobic SiO2Aerogel powder, with contact Angle measuring instrument detects hydrophobic SiO2Aerogel powder surface and the contact angle of water, testing result are 146 °；
（2）At room temperature, in mass ratio 1:1:1000 weigh sodium sulfate of polyethenoxy ether of fatty alcohol, sodium alkyl benzene sulfonate, just oneself Alkane and deionized water, are well mixed, are configured to surface hydrophilic modification solution；
（3）By hydrophobic SiO2The volume ratio 1 of aerogel powder and surface hydrophilic modification solution:3, surface modification solution is weighed, and Pour into corresponding container, step will be passed through（1）Hydrophobic SiO2Aerogel powder is put into the container being made up of screen pack, together Immerse in surface hydrophilic modification solution, taken out after 2min；
（4）By step（3）Contain the SiO of hydrophilic modifying solution in obtained surface2Aerogel powder is positioned in air dry oven, At a temperature of 120 DEG C, 0.5h is dried, furnace cooling is to taking-up after less than 50 DEG C, to SiO2The cross section of aerogel powder is carried out Detection, testing result shows that surface hydrophilic thickness degree is 1.3 μm；
（5）Step is weighed successively by proportioning（4）Obtained modified SiO2Aerogel powder, 425 Portland cements can divide again Latex powder, hydroxyethyl cellulose, polycarboxylic acids dehydragent, sodium nitrate are dissipated, dry mixed is carried out, obtains dry mixture；
（6）By step（5）Obtained dry mixture adds water carry out wet-mixing, obtains wet compound；
（7）Foams prepare, using foaming machine to containing vegetable protein foaming agent the aqueous solution foam, vegetable protein foaming agent and The volume ratio of water is 1:20, foams are made；
（8）By step（6）Obtained wet compound is mixed with foams, and mechanical agitation 1min produces SiO2Aerogel foam is mixed Solidifying soil wet feed；
（9）It is 180 kg/m by unit weight3Glass mat be immersed in Silane coupling agent KH550, processing time is 10min, It is subsequently placed in air dry oven under the conditions of 60 DEG C and dries 1h；
（10）Under vacuum, by step（8）SiO2Step is arrived in the infiltration of aerogel foam concrete wet feed（9）Glass fibers Tie up in the space between felt, obtain glass mat enhancing SiO2Aerogel foam concrete, table 2 is the glass fibers of the present embodiment Tie up felt enhancing SiO2Performance indications of the aerogel foam concrete Jing Guo 28d standard curings.
The glass mat enhancing SiO of the embodiment 2 of table 22The performance indications of aerogel foam concrete
Embodiment 3
Polypropylene fibre felt enhancing SiO is prepared using following steps2Aerogel foam concrete：
（1）The SiO that pending particle diameter is 77 μm is detected using contact angle measurement2Contact of the aerogel powder surface with water Angle, testing result is 140 °, then the SiO2Aerogel powder has hydrophobicity；
（2）At room temperature, in mass ratio 1:4:10 weigh n-hexane, sodium alkyl benzene sulfonate and deionized water, are well mixed, match somebody with somebody It is set to surface hydrophilic modification solution；
（3）By hydrophobic SiO2The volume ratio 1 of aerogel powder and surface hydrophilic modification solution:3, surface modification solution is weighed, and Pour into corresponding container, step will be passed through（1）Hydrophobic SiO2Aerogel powder is put into the container being made up of screen pack, together Immerse in surface hydrophilic modification solution, taken out after 1min；
（4）By step（3）Contain the SiO of hydrophilic modifying solution in obtained surface2Aerogel powder is positioned over far infrared drying stove In, at a temperature of 120 DEG C, 0.5h is dried, furnace cooling is to taking-up after less than 50 DEG C, after fractureing, to SiO2Aerogel powder Cross section is detected that testing result is shown, surface hydrophilic thickness degree is 99.7 μm；
（5）Step is weighed successively by proportioning（4）Obtained modified SiO2Aerogel powder, 425 Portland cements, it can divide again Latex powder, starch, polycarboxylic acids dehydragent, aluminum sulfate are dissipated, dry mixed is carried out, obtains dry mixture；
（6）By step（5）Obtained dry mixture adds water carry out wet-mixing, obtains wet compound；
（7）Prepared by foams, the aqueous solution containing lauryl sodium sulfate foaming agent is foamed using foaming machine, dodecyl sulphur The volume ratio of sour sodium foaming agent and water is 1:20, foams are made；
（8）By step（6）Obtained wet compound is mixed with foams, and mechanical agitation 1min obtains aerogel foam concrete Wet feed, then by 100 kg/m3Polypropylene fibre felt be immersed in 20min in above-mentioned wet feed, produce polypropylene fibre felt enhancing SiO2Aerogel foam concrete, table 3 is that polypropylene fibre felt made from the present embodiment strengthens SiO2Aerogel foam concrete is passed through Cross the performance indications of 28d standard curings.
The polypropylene fibre felt enhancing SiO of the embodiment 3 of table 32The performance indications of aerogel foam concrete
Embodiment 4
Glass mat enhancing SiO is prepared using following steps2Aerogel foam concrete：
（1）The SiO that pending particle diameter is 75 μm is detected using contact angle measurement2Contact of the aerogel powder surface with water Angle, testing result is 141 °, then the SiO2Aerogel powder has hydrophobicity；
（2）At room temperature, in mass ratio 1:0.5:1000 weigh n-hexane, sodium alkyl benzene sulfonate and deionized water, and mixing is equal It is even, it is configured to surface hydrophilic modification solution；
（3）By hydrophobic SiO2The volume ratio 1 of aerogel powder and surface hydrophilic modification solution:3, surface modification solution is weighed, and Pour into corresponding container, step will be passed through（1）Hydrophobic SiO2Aerogel powder is put into the container being made up of screen pack, together Immerse in surface hydrophilic modification solution, taken out after 1min；
（4）By step（3）Contain the SiO of hydrophilic modifying solution in obtained surface2Aeroge sheet material is positioned over far infrared drying stove In, at a temperature of 120 DEG C, 0.5h is dried, furnace cooling is to taking-up after less than 50 DEG C, to SiO2The cross section of aerogel powder is entered Row detection, testing result shows that surface hydrophilic thickness degree is 0.1 μm；
（5）Step is weighed successively by proportioning（4）Obtained modified SiO2Aerogel powder, 425 Portland cements, vitreous are micro- Pearl, redispersable latex powder, hydroxymethyl cellulose, polycarboxylic acids dehydragent, sodium sulphate, organosilicon moisture repellent, carry out dry method and mix Close, obtain dry mixture；
（6）By step（5）Obtained dry mixture adds water carry out wet-mixing, obtains wet compound；
（7）Foams prepare, using foaming machine to containing animal protein foaming agent the aqueous solution foam, animal protein foaming agent and The volume ratio of water is 1:15, foams are made；
（8）By step（6）Obtained wet compound is mixed with foams, and mechanical agitation 1min produces SiO2Aerogel foam is mixed Solidifying soil；
（9）It is 180 kg/m by unit weight3Glass mat be immersed in Silane coupling agent KH550, processing time is 10min, It is subsequently placed in air dry oven under the conditions of 60 DEG C and dries 1h；
（10）Under vacuum, by step（8）SiO2Step is arrived in the infiltration of aerogel foam concrete wet feed（9）Glass fibers Tie up in the space between felt, obtain glass mat enhancing SiO2Aerogel foam concrete.Table 4 is glass made from the present embodiment Glass fibrofelt strengthens SiO2Performance indications of the aerogel foam concrete Jing Guo 28d standard curings.
The glass mat enhancing SiO of the embodiment 4 of table 42The performance indications of aerogel foam concrete
Above-described embodiment is not limited for the present invention preferably embodiment, but embodiments of the present invention by above-described embodiment System, other any Spirit Essences without departing from the present invention and the change made under principle, modification, replacement, combine, simplification, Equivalent substitute mode is should be, is included within protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of fibrofelt strengthens aerogel foam concrete, it is characterised in that by aerogel powder, foam concrete and fiber Felt is constituted, and the aerogel powder is made up of inner hydrophobic layer and surface hydrophilic layer, and the surface hydrophilic thickness degree is 0.1 ~ 100 μm。
2. a kind of fibrofelt enhancing aerogel foam concrete according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the fibrofelt is Glass mat, basalt fibre felt, alumina fiber blanket, carbon fiber felt, silicon carbide fibre felt, lignin fibre felt, poly- third One or more in alkene fibrofelt, vinal felt, polyvinyl chloride fibre felt.
3. a kind of fibrofelt strengthens the preparation method of aerogel foam concrete, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
（1）Aerogel powder is modified；
（2）By step（1）Obtained aerogel powder is dry-mixed with binder materials, and then add water wet mixing；
（3）By step（2）Obtained wet compound is mixed with preformed foam, stirring, obtains aerogel foam concrete；
（4）By step（3）Aerogel foam concrete infiltrate to fibrofelt.
4. a kind of fibrofelt strengthens the preparation method of aerogel foam concrete according to claim 3, it is characterised in that institute State step（1）Including hydrophobically modified step；The hydrophobically modified step is to gas in closed hydrophobic modifier gaseous environment Gel powder carries out hydrophobically modified；The hydrophobic modifier is trim,ethylchlorosilane, HMDS, the silica of hexamethyl two Alkane, MTMS, MTES, dimethyldimethoxysil,ne, dimethyldiethoxysilane, γ-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, gamma-aminopropyl-triethoxy-silane, γ-（The oxygen of 2,3- epoxies third）Propyl trimethoxy silicon Alkane, γ-methacryloxypropyl trimethoxy silane, N-（β-aminoethyl）One in-gamma-aminopropyl-triethoxy-silane Plant or a variety of.
5. a kind of fibrofelt strengthens the preparation method of aerogel foam concrete according to claim 3, it is characterised in that institute State step（1）Also include surface hydrophilic modification step；The surface hydrophilic modification step is to use surface hydrophilic modification solution pair Hydrophobic aerogel powder surface is modified；The surface hydrophilic modification solution is surfactant and low surface tension solvent The aqueous solution of the aqueous solution or low surface tension solvent；The surfactant is anionic surfactant, cationic table One or more in face activating agent, amphoteric surfactant, nonionic surface active agent；The anionic surface activity Agent is fatty alcohol phosphates, aliphatic alcohol polyoxyvinethene phosphate salt, alkyl sulfate, AEO sulfuric acid Salt, fatty acid glyceride sulfate, sulphation ricinoleate, cycloalkanes sulfate, fatty acid amide alkyl sulfate, alkyl benzene sulphonate Salt, alkylsulfonate, fatty acid methyl ester ethoxylate sulfonate, MES, AEO carboxylic One or more in hydrochlorate；The cationic surface active agent is aliphatic ammonium salt；The amphoteric surfactant is alkane One or more in base amino acid, carboxylic acid group's glycine betaine, sulfobetaines, phosphate glycine betaine, alkyl hydroxy amine oxide；Institute Nonionic surface active agent is stated for aliphatic polyester, APES, high-carbon fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, aliphatic acid Polyoxyethylene ester, fatty acid methyl ester ethoxylate, oxireme addition product, sorbitan ester, the Sucrose Fatty Acid Ester of polypropylene glycol One or more in fat acid esters, alkyl esteramides；The low surface tension solvent is acetone, n-hexane, pentane, positive heptan One or more in alkane, ethanol, isopropanol, the tert-butyl alcohol, propane diols, glycerine.
6. a kind of fibrofelt strengthens the preparation method of aerogel foam concrete according to claim 5, it is characterised in that institute State in surface hydrophilic modification step, in addition to additional physical field action step；The additional physical field action step is far infrared One kind in radiation, stirring, ultrasonication, ball milling.
7. a kind of fibrofelt strengthens the preparation method of aerogel foam concrete according to claim 3, it is characterised in that institute State step（1）Also include drying process step；The drying process step be far-infrared ray drying, spray drying, microwave drying, often Press dry one kind in dry, supercritical drying, subcritical drying, freeze-drying.
8. a kind of fibrofelt strengthens the preparation method of aerogel foam concrete according to claim 3, it is characterised in that institute State step（2）And/or step（3）In can also add phase-changing energy storage material, it is lightweight aggregate, admixture, fire retardant, wood powder, additional One or more in agent；The phase-changing energy storage material for microcapsule coated inorganic water and salt, higher aliphatic hydrocarbon, polyalcohol, One or more in multi-hydroxy carboxy acid；The lightweight aggregate be clinker, expanded vermiculite, expanded perlite, glass bead, light weight sand, The one or more of polyurethane foam particles, polystyrene foam particles；The admixture is adding calcium fly ash, II grade of fine coal One or more in ash, silicon ash, ground slag powder, phosphorus slag powder；The fire retardant is one kind in magnesium hydroxide, aluminium hydroxide Or two kinds；The additive be the surfactant, water reducer, hydrophober, coagulant, retarder, thickener, foam stabilizer, One or more in preservative；The water reducer is polycarboxylic acids dehydragent, lignin sulfonic acid sodium salt water reducer, naphthalene system diminishing One or more in agent, aliphatic water reducing agent, amino water reducer；The hydrophober is hard sulfonate hydrophober, organosilicon is hated One or more in aqua；The coagulant is sodium metasilicate, aluminum sulfate, sodium nitrate, calcium nitrate, sodium sulphate, sodium carbonate, carbonic acid One or more in lithium；The retarder is the one or more in citric acid, sodium polyphosphate, bone glue protein, borax； The thickener is methylcellulose, ethyl cellulose, hydroxymethyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, bentonite, white carbon, shallow lake One or more in powder；The foam stabilizer is polyacrylamide, polyvinyl alcohol, silicones polyethers emulsion, dimethyl One or more in base amine oxide, alkylolamides；The preservative is 1,2- benzisothiazole-3-ketones, the chloro- 2- first of 5- Base -4- isothiazoline -3- ketone, MIT, 1,3,5- tri- (2- ethoxys) s-triazine, hexahydro -1,3, One or more in 5- triethyl groups-triazine.
9. a kind of fibrofelt strengthens the preparation method of aerogel foam concrete according to claim 3, it is characterised in that institute Binder materials is stated for portland cement, aluminate cement, sulphate aluminium cement, magnesia oxychloride cement, gypsum, lime, waterglass, third One or more in olefin(e) acid resin, polyurethane resin, epoxy resin, organic siliconresin, fluorocarbon resin.
10. a kind of fibrofelt strengthens the preparation method of aerogel foam concrete according to claim 3, it is characterised in that The preformed foam is that the mixed solution of physical blowing agent and water is prepared into prefabricated bubble using high pressure foaming machine or mechanical agitation Foam；The physical blowing agent is rosin foaming agent, synthesis class surfactant foaming agent, vegetable protein foaming agent, animal egg One or more in white hair infusion.
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