CN107263797A - 一种金属轮毂注塑工艺 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及车轮制造领域,公开了一种金属轮毂注塑工艺,包括金属轮毂的表面涂胶静置、预热烘烤、模具注塑、硫化脱模和二次硫化;对每一道工序通过相互关联的创造性工艺设计,通过特定温度、时间、压力等工艺参数,从而达到良好的技术效果;本发明提供一种轮毂表面处理工艺具有工艺参数合理、实际操作简单、产品质量稳定、生产效率高的技术优势,解决现有技术中的聚氨酯车轮质量不稳定,存在聚氨酯在与轮毂的粘附面容易产生裂纹脱落、掉块剥离等质量缺陷的问题。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于车轮制造领域,公开了一种金属轮毂注塑工艺。
背景技术
相较普通橡胶轮胎,聚氨酯车轮具有使用寿命长、耐高温、无异味、耐磨性和抗撕裂强度更好,且不易出现胎面剥离现象等优点,故常运用于叉车、工厂等室内用小车。一种常见的聚氨酯车轮的生产工艺可简化描述为在轮毂的外表面涂抹粘附剂后,注塑聚氨酯材料,形成紧密一体的聚氨酯车轮。在实际生产过程中,轮毂的表面处理工艺、表面质量、粘附剂的选用、注塑聚氨酯材料的选用、注塑工艺条件的选择都会影响到聚氨酯车轮的质量。
在对轮毂外层注塑聚氨酯的工艺方法直接影响到聚氨酯车轮的聚氨酯注塑层在轮毂上的粘附力、聚氨酯耐压,抗磨损等质量。
本发明公开了一种金属轮毂注塑工艺,采用本发明的工艺方法,能有效保证后聚氨酯注塑层在金属轮毂表层的粘附力和稳定性,防止聚氨酯在与轮毂的粘附面产生裂纹,横移离位和聚氨酯表层起毛、掉块剥离等质量缺陷。
发明内容
本发明要解决的问题在于提供一种金属轮毂注塑工艺,解决现有技术中的聚氨酯车轮质量不稳定,存在聚氨酯在与轮毂的粘附面容易产生裂纹、掉块剥离等质量缺陷的问题,采用本发明的技术方案,可有效提高聚氨酯车轮的性能稳定性;提高生产效率,有效防止聚氨酯在与轮毂的粘附面容易产生裂纹、聚氨酯层容易起毛、掉块剥离等质量缺陷的技术效果。
为了解决上述技术问题,本发明通过下述技术方案得以解决:
一种金属轮毂注塑工艺,包括金属轮毂的表面涂胶静置、预热烘烤、模具注塑、硫化脱模和二次硫化。
作为优选,金属轮毂的表面涂胶静置的涂胶厚度25μm~45μm,静置条件温度35℃以下,湿度55%以下,静置时间40min~60min,涂胶厚度25μm~45μm能有效保证在聚氨酯注塑层金属轮毂之间形成一层致密的粘附层,保证彼此之间的粘附强度,过厚粘附层之间会形成分层,粘附层产生剥离撕裂,过薄会导致粘附不牢靠,在聚氨酯注塑层与金属轮毂之间产生剥离横移,通过在温度35℃以下,湿度55%以下的条件下静置40min~60min,进一步匀化粘附涂胶层的厚度和粘附性能,保证后续注塑的粘附质量。
作为优选,预热烘烤包括将静置后的涂胶金属轮毂放置在100℃的烘箱中烘烤4~6小时,通过烘烤,使得经过静置匀化的粘附涂胶层活化,使得粘附涂胶层的粘附力提升到最佳水平,为接下来的注塑做好准备,注塑模具内表面均匀涂抹脱模剂,将注塑模具加热保温,使得模具温度90℃~110℃,涂抹脱模剂方便后续的脱模,模具的预热保证了后续注塑工序原料性能稳定,缩小内层与外层的原料温差,使注塑层的内外层性能均匀,有效保证聚氨酯车轮的使用寿命和使用性能。
作为优选,模具注塑包括将加温后的预聚体聚氨酯原料进行相应的脱泡处理30min完成后,将金属轮毂组装于温度90℃~110℃的模具内进行浇注作业,浇注原料温度70℃~85℃,原料浇筑压力3.2MPa~3.5MPa;当浇注完成后所有浇注开关关闭。在此技术参数的条件下,能保证注塑的高效和产品质量的稳定,形成的注塑聚氨酯层拥有良好的机械性能。
作为优选,硫化脱模包括浇注后产品投入硫化炉中硫化后脱模处理,硫化温度85℃~95℃,硫化时间50min~80min,经过硫化后加强了注塑聚氨酯层的拉力、硬度、弹性、抗老化等性能。
作为优选,二次硫化脱模包括将取出的产品放入二次硫化炉中硫化12h~20h,二次硫化的温度65~75℃,经过二次硫化,注塑聚氨酯层具有更加稳定的物性,使其结构的密度、拉升强度、回弹性、硬度、溶胀程度、密度及热稳定性都有较大的改善,并且产品的尺寸稳定性得到更大的保证。
作为优选,预热烘烤包括将静置后的涂胶金属轮毂放置在100℃的烘箱中烘烤6小时,注塑模具内表面均匀涂抹脱模剂,将注塑模具加热保温,使得模具温度100℃。
作为优选,硫化脱模包括浇注后产品投入硫化炉中硫化后脱模处理,硫化温度90℃,硫化时间60min。
作为优选,二次硫化脱模包括将取出的产品放入二次硫化炉中硫化处理16h,二次硫化的温度70℃。
作为优选,模具注塑使用的聚氨酯原料配方包括二苯甲烷二异氰酸酯70份、氢醌双羟乙基醚4.8份、硫代二丙酸二月硅脂4份、2-羟基-4-甲氧基二苯甲酮10份、乙二胺丙基三乙氧基硅烷、乙二胺丙基三乙氧基硅烷6.5份、石英粉2.2份,作为固化剂的异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯3.5份和异佛尔酮二胺2.5份,溶解配方原料的有机溶剂为乙酸乙酯和二甲苯,乙酸乙酯和二甲苯的质量比为2,本聚氨酯原料配方生产制造的聚氨酯具有制造成本低、力学性能高、使用寿命长、耐热、耐候好的改性优势。
本发明提供一种聚氨酯车轮浇筑定型工艺具有工艺参数合理、实际操作简单、产品质量稳定、生产效率高的技术优势,能有效保证后聚氨酯注塑层在金属轮毂表层的粘附力和稳定性,防止聚氨酯在与轮毂的粘附面产生裂纹,横移离位和聚氨酯表层起毛、掉块剥离等质量缺陷。
附图说明
图1是本发明实施例的方案示意图。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明作进一步详细描述。
实施例1
一种金属轮毂注塑工艺,包括金属轮毂的表面涂胶静置、预热烘烤、模具注塑、硫化脱模和二次硫化,首先在金属轮毂表面涂布粘接胶后静置,粘接胶的涂胶厚度25μm~45μm,静置条件温度35℃,湿度55%,静置时间40min~60min。将静置后的涂胶金属轮毂放置在100℃的烘箱中烘烤4~6小时,注塑模具内表面均匀涂抹脱模剂,将注塑模具加热保温,使得模具温度90℃~110℃。将加温后的预聚体聚氨酯原料进行脱泡处理20~40min后,将金属轮毂组装于温度90℃~110℃的模具内进行浇注作业,浇注原料温度70℃~85℃,原料浇筑压力3.2MPa~3.5MPa;当浇注完成后所有浇注开关关闭。浇注后产品投入硫化炉中硫化后脱模处理,硫化温度85℃~95℃,硫化时间50min~80min。将取出的产品放入二次硫化炉中硫化12h~20h,二次硫化的温度65~75℃。
实施例2
一种金属轮毂注塑工艺,包括金属轮毂的表面涂胶静置、预热烘烤、模具注塑、硫化脱模和二次硫化,首先在金属轮毂表面涂布粘接胶后静置,粘接胶的涂胶厚度25μm~45μm,静置条件温度30℃,湿度50%,静置时间40min~60min。将静置后的涂胶金属轮毂放置在100℃的烘箱中烘烤6小时,注塑模具内表面均匀涂抹脱模剂,将注塑模具加热保温,使得模具温度100℃。将加温后的预聚体聚氨酯原料进行脱泡处理20~40min后,将金属轮毂组装于温度90℃~110℃的模具内进行浇注作业,浇注原料温度70℃~85℃,原料浇筑压力3.2MPa~3.5MPa;当浇注完成后所有浇注开关关闭。浇注后产品投入硫化炉中硫化后脱模处理,硫化温度90℃,硫化时间60min。将取出的产品放入二次硫化炉中硫化处理16h,二次硫化的温度70℃。
实施例3
一种金属轮毂注塑工艺,包括金属轮毂的表面涂胶静置、预热烘烤、模具注塑、硫化脱模和二次硫化,首先在金属轮毂表面涂布粘接胶后静置,粘接胶的涂胶厚度25μm~30μm,静置条件温度28℃,湿度45%,静置时间40minmin。将静置后的涂胶金属轮毂放置在100℃的烘箱中烘烤6小时,注塑模具内表面均匀涂抹脱模剂,将注塑模具加热保温,使得模具温度100℃。将加温后的预聚体聚氨酯原料进行脱泡处理20后,将金属轮毂组装于温度90℃的模具内进行浇注作业,浇注原料温度70℃,原料浇筑压力3.2MPa;当浇注完成后所有浇注开关关闭。浇注后产品投入硫化炉中硫化后脱模处理,硫化温度90℃,硫化时间60min。将取出的产品放入二次硫化炉中硫化处理16h,二次硫化的温度70℃。
实施例4
一种金属轮毂注塑工艺,包括金属轮毂的表面涂胶静置、预热烘烤、模具注塑、硫化脱模和二次硫化,首先在金属轮毂表面涂布粘接胶后静置,粘接胶的涂胶厚度30μm~40μm,静置条件温度17℃,湿度35%,静置时间55min。将静置后的涂胶金属轮毂放置在100℃的烘箱中烘烤6小时,注塑模具内表面均匀涂抹脱模剂,将注塑模具加热保温,使得模具温度100℃。将加温后的预聚体聚氨酯原料进行脱泡处理35min后,将金属轮毂组装于温度100℃的模具内进行浇注作业,浇注原料温度80℃,原料浇筑压力3.3MPa;当浇注完成后所有浇注开关关闭。浇注后产品投入硫化炉中硫化后脱模处理,硫化温度90℃,硫化时间60min。将取出的产品放入二次硫化炉中硫化处理16h,二次硫化的温度70℃。
实施例5
一种金属轮毂注塑工艺,包括金属轮毂的表面涂胶静置、预热烘烤、模具注塑、硫化脱模和二次硫化,首先在金属轮毂表面涂布粘接胶后静置,粘接胶的涂胶厚度40~45μm,静置条件温度17℃,湿度30%,静置时间60min。将静置后的涂胶金属轮毂放置在100℃的烘箱中烘烤6小时,注塑模具内表面均匀涂抹脱模剂,将注塑模具加热保温,使得模具温度100℃。将加温后的预聚体聚氨酯原料进行脱泡处理40min后,将金属轮毂组装于温度100℃的模具内进行浇注作业,浇注原料温度85℃,原料浇筑压力3.5MPa;当浇注完成后所有浇注开关关闭。浇注后产品投入硫化炉中硫化后脱模处理,硫化温度90℃,硫化时间60min。将取出的产品放入二次硫化炉中硫化处理16h,二次硫化的温度70℃。
在实施例1-5中,模具注塑使用的聚氨酯原料配方包括二苯甲烷二异氰酸酯70份、氢醌双羟乙基醚4.8份、硫代二丙酸二月硅脂4份、2-羟基-4-甲氧基二苯甲酮10份、乙二胺丙基三乙氧基硅烷、乙二胺丙基三乙氧基硅烷6.5份、石英粉2.2份,作为固化剂的异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯3.5份和异佛尔酮二胺2.5份,溶解配方原料的有机溶剂为乙酸乙酯和二甲苯,乙酸乙酯和二甲苯的质量比为2。
对以上实施例的聚氨酯车轮分别取样测试性能,测试条件为取每组样品数为20件,并对成品的聚氨酯车轮进行破坏力测试,测试条件为:对车轮添加1100kg初始负荷,速度4KM/h进行行驶测试,测试2.5h若测试样异常不必承认的情况下,并且负荷在连续50kg增加的情况下进行行驶试验,直到测试试样异常被认可,所承受的负荷为破坏负荷,测试结果如下:
同类现有技术产品进行对比组别进行测试,对比组平均最大破坏负荷为1200kg,且在最大破坏负荷时,聚氨酯注塑层与轮毂出现整个端面剥离、发生脱落、聚氨酯层爆裂的情况,本发明提供一种轮毂表面处理工艺具有工艺参数合理、实际操作简单、产品质量稳定、生产效率高的技术优势,解决现有技术中的聚氨酯车轮质量不稳定,存在聚氨酯在与轮毂的粘附面容易产生裂纹脱落、掉块剥离等质量缺陷的问题。
总之,以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例,凡依本发明专利申请范围所作的均等变化与修饰,皆应属本发明专利的涵盖范围。
Claims (10)
1.一种金属轮毂注塑工艺,其特征在于:包括金属轮毂的表面涂胶静置、预热烘烤、模具注塑、硫化脱模和二次硫化。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种金属轮毂注塑工艺,其特征在于:表面涂胶静置的涂胶厚度25μm~45μm,静置条件温度35℃以下,湿度55%以下,静置时间40min~60min。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种金属轮毂注塑工艺,其特征在于:预热烘烤包括将静置后的涂胶金属轮毂放置在100℃的烘箱中烘烤4~6小时,注塑模具内表面均匀涂抹脱模剂,将注塑模具加热保温,使得模具温度90℃~110℃。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种金属轮毂注塑工艺,其特征在于:模具注塑包括将加温后的预聚体聚氨酯原料进行脱泡处理20~40min后,将金属轮毂组装于温度90℃~110℃的模具内进行浇注作业,浇注原料温度70℃~85℃,原料浇筑压力3.2MPa~3.5MPa。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种金属轮毂注塑工艺,其特征在于:硫化脱模包括浇注后产品投入硫化炉中硫化后脱模处理,硫化温度85℃~95℃,硫化时间50min~80min。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种金属轮毂注塑工艺,其特征在于:二次硫化脱模包括将取出的产品放入二次硫化炉中硫化12h~20h,二次硫化的温度65~75℃。
7.根据权利要求3所述的一种金属轮毂注塑工艺,其特征在于:预热烘烤包括将静置后的涂胶金属轮毂放置在100℃的烘箱中烘烤6小时,注塑模具内表面均匀涂抹脱模剂,将注塑模具加热保温,使得模具温度100℃。
8.根据权利要求5所述的一种金属轮毂注塑工艺,其特征在于:硫化脱模包括浇注后产品投入硫化炉中硫化后脱模处理,硫化温度90℃,硫化时间60min。
9.根据权利要求6所述的一种金属轮毂注塑工艺,其特征在于:二次硫化脱模包括将取出的产品放入二次硫化炉中硫化处理16h,二次硫化的温度70℃。
10.根据权利要求1所述的一种金属轮毂注塑工艺,其特征在于:模具注塑使用的聚氨酯原料配方包括二苯甲烷二异氰酸酯70份、氢醌双羟乙基醚4.8份、硫代二丙酸二月硅脂4份、2-羟基-4-甲氧基二苯甲酮10份、乙二胺丙基三乙氧基硅烷、乙二胺丙基三乙氧基硅烷6.5份、石英粉2.2份,作为固化剂的异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯3.5份和异佛尔酮二胺2.5份,溶解配方原料的有机溶剂为乙酸乙酯和二甲苯,乙酸乙酯和二甲苯的质量比为2。
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