CN107258408A - A kind of method that utilization phase change technique improves ground temperature - Google Patents
A kind of method that utilization phase change technique improves ground temperature Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN107258408A CN107258408A CN201710601452.9A CN201710601452A CN107258408A CN 107258408 A CN107258408 A CN 107258408A CN 201710601452 A CN201710601452 A CN 201710601452A CN 107258408 A CN107258408 A CN 107258408A
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- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- ground temperature
- phase change
- improves ground
- technique improves
- change technique
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- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
- A01G13/02—Protective coverings for plants; Coverings for the ground; Devices for laying-out or removing coverings
- A01G13/0256—Ground coverings
- A01G13/0262—Mulches, i.e. covering material not-pre-formed in mats or sheets
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/02—Cultivation of hops or vines
Abstract
The present invention proposes one kind and improves ground temperature using Transformation Principle, the method for preventing freezing injury of fruit trees.It is made up of three-layer sealed ageing-resistant transparent plastic film, two cavitys above and below the formation of centre, and upper strata cavity, which is full of in rarefied air, lower floor's cavity, fills ordinary tap water, and film has some strength, prevents rupture.When daytime is sunny, lower aqueous layer meeting refracted light plays focussing force, increases the light receiving efficiency of following soil.When temperature reduction, when be less than zero degree in the evening, water can freeze, and water becomes ice during icing; heat can be released by undergoing phase transition, and heat is transmitted to lower soil, and soil protection does not freeze; air layer and water layer all play a part of completely cutting off cold air simultaneously, protect following soil layer, it is to avoid root system is endured cold.If temperature on second day daytime is when above freezing, below ice sheet absorb amount of solar heat, thawing becomes water, and evening temperature freezes again when being reduced to subzero, continues heat release, plays a protective role all the time.Upper strata rarefied air layer substantially transparent, will not stop light, but play insulation effect simultaneously.If second day day temperature is less than zero degree, ice sheet does not melt, and ice sheet also functions to insulation effect, and it is exactly this reason that northern winter, which snows that wheat will not endure cold on the contrary,.
Description
Technical field
The invention provides a kind of method for lifting ground temperature, preventing crop root freeze injury, belong to agriculture field.
Background technology
Northern China fruit tree Main Cultivation region winter is typically located at -20 DEG C~10 DEG C of scope, and daytime is mostly above freezing, night
Between be subzero, soil layer can freeze.Because fruit tree root system is without natural dormancy, when soil reaches critical-temperature, fruit tree root system will
Form freeze injury.The soil critical-temperature that freeze injury occurs for usual peach is -10 DEG C, and apple is -10~-12 DEG C, sorb -16~-19 DEG C,
Grape -6~-10 DEG C change according to the difference of kind.Freeze injury in recent years occurs frequently, to cause very big economic loss.
It is not many to lift ground temperature anti-freezing method for, and north cold area grape will be embedded in underground together with climing, still
It is very high that the tree bodies such as apple tree are tall and big, well developed root system buries the valency made from local methods.Xanthohumic acid kind fertilizer can somewhat lift ground temperature, invention
201510320083.7 disclose a kind of organic and inorganic fertilizer for having and lifting ground temperature effect, by organic molecule material, great Liang Yuan
Extruder grain is made after fertilizer, trace element, macromolecule water-keeping material, beneficial microbe mixing.But this fertilizer lifting ground
Warm is limited in one's ability, is not enough to play a role root system freeze injury.
Covering with plastic film is also a kind of method of common lifting ground temperature, and utility model 200420042262.6 discloses one kind
The agricultural machinery of ridging overlay film.It compensate for existing similar equipment can not independent ridging overlay film deficiency, can carry out 1 year one
The arid and semi-arid area non-sowing time of work shifts to an earlier date ridging overlay film, savings moisture, lifting ground temperature, to ensure that crop gives birth in sowing
The need for long-term.Mulch film is also to have certain effect, is mainly used in germinateing ahead of time, freeze proof aspect is poor, in addition mulch film service life
It is short, it is impossible to recycle, cause white pollution.
Invention 201410520629.9 discloses a kind of technology of loess plateau region Ai Zhen apple orchards soil moisture conservation weeding, uses
Ground cloth can prevent sunlight to the direct irradiation on ground, while firm structure prevents weeds through ground cloth in itself using ground cloth,
So as to ensure that suppression and killing action of the ground cloth to weed growth；Laying ground cloth, annual spring can be obviously improved ground temperature, carry
Rise the shallower short anvil apple tree of root activity, especially root system；Because ground cloth is that braiding is formed, have tiny at warp parallel intertexture
Hole, with certain water penetration and gas permeability, winter antifreezing effect is not good.
Utility model 201220080073.2 discloses a kind of cold-proof quilt of grape special-purpose thermal insulation, including heat blocking layer, moisture barrier
With the part of protective layer three, described heat blocking layer is arranged in moisture barrier, and described moisture barrier is arranged in protective layer again；Described
Heat blocking layer mineral wool compound insulating material is constituted；Described moisture barrier is constituted for 0.08mm anti-aging Anti-fogging Film.The practicality is new
Type has been changed the traditional cold-proof mode of grape, low using this facility recruitment cost, simple to operate, saves labor, use time
Long, maintenance cost is low, and grape branches and tendrils and root system be not by freeze injury, and environmental protection prevents dust storm, plays a part of checking winds and fixing drifting sand.
Invention 201510876728.5 discloses the nursery of facilities vegetable and production method under a kind of low temperature, by Far infrared electric
Hotting mask technology is produced applied to vegetables, can lay far-infrared electrothermal film under seedling cultivation bed or hole tray or nutritive cube first, and pacify
Temperature controller is filled, homogeneous heating fast with heating, the high advantage of the thermal efficiency, and can be had according to design temperature automatic heating or power-off
Help strong seedling cultivation, and seedling raise period can be shortened.
The content of the invention
This patent proposes one kind and improves ground temperature using Transformation Principle, the method for preventing freezing injury of fruit trees.It is characterized in that：
It is made up of three-layer sealed ageing-resistant transparent plastic film, two cavitys above and below the formation of centre, upper strata cavity is full of thin
Ordinary tap water is filled in air, lower floor's cavity, film has some strength, prevent rupture：
(1) pressure of upper strata cavity institute filling gas is 0.5~0.8 atmospheric pressure；
(2) volume of lower floor's cavity institute water-filling is 75%~90%.
Further, it is characterized in that size be 200~500mm × 200~500mm × 20~100mm, its at the middle and upper levels size be
200~500mm × 200~500mm × 10~80mm, lower floor's size is 200~500mm × 200~500mm × 20~80mm.
Further, two layers of cavity is equipped with aperture up and down, and the aperture on upper strata is used to inflate, and the aperture of lower floor is used for water-filling,
Kong Shangjun carries sealing-plug.
Further, 2~6mm of diameter of air-filled pore, 4~8mm of diameter of filling port.
Further, material is polyethylene or polyvinyl chloride.
Further, the thickness of plastic sheeting used in cavity is 0.1~0.3mm up and down.
Further, the time is laid, the time of the year when autumn changes into winter covers cloth, removed when spring thaws.
Further, laying width is advisable with covering root system.
Further, laying method, using every row fruit tree root connecting line as starting point, lays to both sides.
Further, applicable crops have apple, grape, pears, peach, jujube, apricot, Kiwi berry, tea tree.
The present invention will be appreciated that：
(1) ground temperature is lifted, fruit tree root system freeze injury is prevented.
(2) fruit tree root weed growth is prevented.
(3) during early spring, promote root to sprout early, branch germinates early, tealeaves can harvest in advance, improve commodity value,
Increasing both production and income.
Brief description of the drawings
Patent of the present invention is further illustrated with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Fig. 1 is patent schematic diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is patent profile of the present invention；
1. airflow layer in figure, 2. air-filled pores band sealing-plug, 3. filling ports band sealing-plug, 4. water-fillings layer.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1 best fruiting period apple tree
Centered on trunk, 3 pieces are respectively laid to both sides.Start laying at the beginning of 11 months, remove April.
(1) time is laid
Time of the year when autumn changes into winter covers cloth, is removed when spring thaws.
Carried out immediately after orchard autumn basal dressing, to soil freezing before complete.Winter relatively warms up, frozen soil layer is shallow, wind is big
Orchard the time of the year when autumn changes into winter lay preferably.In early spring, in advance young shoot can be promoted to sprout, removing preservation according to temperature situation repeats
Use.
(2) width is laid
The laying width of ground cloth should be the 70-80% of tree crown most bough exhibition, because the absorption root system of apple tree is concentrated mainly on
In this region, the rainwater of ground cloth surface afflux should be saved and preserve in this region.The 1-3 treelets of planting lay 3 pieces altogether, leave trunk
1.5 pieces of scope；Trees in richful production period is selected using trunk as one meter of scope of radius, and 3 pieces are laid since trunk.
(3) laying method
A, surface management
First have to remove ground weeds before the laying of ground cloth, especially the thicker weeds of stem, prevent damage.Secondly entirely
Face, it is desirable to which centerline ground is in certain slope between ground and two rows at trunk, the discrepancy in elevation 5% is easy to rainwater to rapidly flow toward two
Side collection rain rill is effectively absorbed by root system.
B, laying method：Using every row fruit tree root connecting line as starting point, laid to both sides.
C, laying drip irrigation pipe
There is the orchard of drip irrigation equipment, drip irrigation pipe can be positioned over below plastic water bag.Often row can be close to tree to young garden
Dry to place 1 drip irrigation pipe, 1 drip irrigation pipe is respectively placed in the outside into age orchard along water bag.
D, in the ranks manage
In the ranks cover grass, natural grass or Planting Grass.
The cherry tree of embodiment 2
Centered on trunk, 5 pieces are laid altogether, middle one piece, both sides respectively lay 2 pieces.Started laying, April 10 on October 20
Day is removed.
The vine of embodiment 3
Centered on trunk, 4 pieces are laid altogether, both sides respectively lay 2 pieces.Started laying on October 30, removed April 15.
Other points for attention
Fire prevention
Although plastic water bag with the addition of fire retardant, but within this period in autumn Mo to the early spring, because dry, weeds do
It is withered, it should forbid to have in orchard and periphery to set fire to burning the grass on waste land etc. and easily occur the behavior of fire.Especially for cover grass and sward orchard more
It should be noted that fire prevention.
The foregoing is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, be not intended to limit the invention, it is all the present invention spirit and
Within principle, any modification, equivalent substitution and improvements made etc. should be included in the scope of the protection.
Claims (10)
- It is by three-layer sealed ageing-resistant saturating 1. one kind improves ground temperature using Transformation Principle, the method for preventing freezing injury of fruit trees Bright plastic sheeting composition, centre formed above and below two cavitys, upper strata cavity be full of in rarefied air, lower floor's cavity fill it is common from Water, film has some strength, prevents rupture；(1) pressure of upper strata cavity institute filling gas is 0.5~0.8 atmospheric pressure；(2) volume of lower floor's cavity institute water-filling is 75%~90%.
- 2. a kind of method that according to claim 1, utilization phase change technique improves ground temperature, it is characterised in that size is 200~ 500mm × 200~500mm × 20~100mm, its at the middle and upper levels size be 200~500mm × 200~500mm × 10~80mm, Lower floor's size is 200~500mm × 200~500mm × 20~80mm.
- 3. a kind of method that according to claim 1, utilization phase change technique improves ground temperature, it is characterised in that two layers of cavity up and down Aperture is equipped with, the aperture on upper strata is used to inflate, the aperture of lower floor is used for water-filling, and Kong Shangjun carries sealing-plug.
- 4. a kind of method that according to claim 1, utilization phase change technique improves ground temperature, it is characterised in that the diameter of air-filled pore 2~6mm, 4~8mm of diameter of filling port.
- 5. a kind of method that according to claim 1, utilization phase change technique improves ground temperature, it is characterised in that material is polyethylene Or polyvinyl chloride.
- 6. a kind of method that according to claim 1, utilization phase change technique improves ground temperature, it is characterised in that up and down used in cavity The thickness of plastic sheeting is 0.1~0.3mm.
- 7. a kind of method that according to claim 1, utilization phase change technique improves ground temperature, it is characterised in that laying time, autumn Cloth is covered at the beginning of the last winter, is removed when spring thaws.
- 8. a kind of method that according to claim 1, utilization phase change technique improves ground temperature, it is characterised in that lay width to cover Lid root system is advisable.
- 9. a kind of method that according to claim 1, utilization phase change technique improves ground temperature, it is characterised in that laying method, with Often row fruit tree root connecting line is starting point, is laid to both sides.
- 10. a kind of method that according to claim 1, utilization phase change technique improves ground temperature, it is characterised in that applicable crops have Apple, grape, pears, peach, jujube, apricot, Kiwi berry, tea tree.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710601452.9A CN107258408A (en) | 2017-07-21 | 2017-07-21 | A kind of method that utilization phase change technique improves ground temperature |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710601452.9A CN107258408A (en) | 2017-07-21 | 2017-07-21 | A kind of method that utilization phase change technique improves ground temperature |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN107258408A true CN107258408A (en) | 2017-10-20 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710601452.9A Pending CN107258408A (en) | 2017-07-21 | 2017-07-21 | A kind of method that utilization phase change technique improves ground temperature |
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS56131324A (en) * | 1980-03-17 | 1981-10-14 | Mitsubishi Monsanto Chem | Mulching cultivation |
| JP2000157070A (en) * | 1998-11-26 | 2000-06-13 | Sekisui Harvest Co Ltd | Water pillow for heat insulation and cultivation of plant using the same |
| US20050227037A1 (en) * | 2004-04-09 | 2005-10-13 | Booska Raymond M | Thermal control apparatus |
| WO2014067927A1 (en) * | 2012-11-01 | 2014-05-08 | Nestec S.A. | Container for temperature sensitive materials |
| CN205584875U (en) * | 2016-03-02 | 2016-09-21 | 西北农林科技大学 | Cultivation groove based on phase change material keeps warm |
-
2017
- 2017-07-21 CN CN201710601452.9A patent/CN107258408A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS56131324A (en) * | 1980-03-17 | 1981-10-14 | Mitsubishi Monsanto Chem | Mulching cultivation |
| JP2000157070A (en) * | 1998-11-26 | 2000-06-13 | Sekisui Harvest Co Ltd | Water pillow for heat insulation and cultivation of plant using the same |
| US20050227037A1 (en) * | 2004-04-09 | 2005-10-13 | Booska Raymond M | Thermal control apparatus |
| WO2014067927A1 (en) * | 2012-11-01 | 2014-05-08 | Nestec S.A. | Container for temperature sensitive materials |
| CN205584875U (en) * | 2016-03-02 | 2016-09-21 | 西北农林科技大学 | Cultivation groove based on phase change material keeps warm |
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Application publication date: 20171020 |