CN107253380A - 一种防渗吸收紫外线的遮阳棚材料的制备方法 - Google Patents

一种防渗吸收紫外线的遮阳棚材料的制备方法 Download PDF

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CN107253380A
CN107253380A CN201610993342.7A CN201610993342A CN107253380A CN 107253380 A CN107253380 A CN 107253380A CN 201610993342 A CN201610993342 A CN 201610993342A CN 107253380 A CN107253380 A CN 107253380A
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woven fabrics
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CN107253380B (zh
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何金蓉
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Fortis Jiangsu Yacht Accessories Co ltd
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Chengdu Jereh Sun Engineering Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种防渗吸收紫外线的遮阳棚材料的制备方法，所述步骤为：1）防水基层制备：制备防水基层所需的羟乙基双酚P环氧树脂材料，并在其中添加有增韧剂聚乙烯醇缩丁醛形成防水基层待用；2）利用原材料制备织物胶水待用；3）无纺布制备：取用聚丙烯腈纤维聚合物和聚己内酯纤维聚合物，然后混纺制成无纺布待用；4）基层制备；5）将制备好的基层放入单苯甲酸间苯二酚酯溶液中静置，然后取出基层并常温放置；6）最后将准备好的防水基层均匀涂抹在基层外部并进行二次热压，最终裁剪成型下线，形成最终布料产品。本发明的防水基层得到的环氧树脂组合物固化而得到的固化物，具有耐湿性、耐热性优异。

Description

一种防渗吸收紫外线的遮阳棚材料的制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及无纺布领域，具体是指一种防渗吸收紫外线的遮阳棚材料的制备方法。
背景技术
由于价格便宜，人们习惯中一般使用彩色塑料薄膜来做防水、遮雨的顶棚，但塑料薄膜的强度太低，容易划破，而且遮阳性不好，后来就发明了不渗水的布料来防水、遮雨，牢固耐用。市场中具有防水功能的布料种类很多，虽然部分种类的防水效果好，但是柔韧性差，透气性不好，缺乏抗油污能力。
而现有的技术方案中采用涂层织物较多，所述的涂层织物是一种纺织品，涂层黏合材料在织物一面或正、反两面原位形成单层或多层涂层。由两层或两层以上的材料组成，其中至少有一层是纺织品，而另一层是完全连续的聚合物涂层。而在过去的十年里，涂层织物生产发生了很大变化。今天，由于采用新生产技术，作为涂层织物的底布，已远离棉织物的老概念。涂料品种大量增加,包括具有防油、抗紫外线辐射,防火和抗化学品侵蚀性能等一系列新型聚合物。纺织品结构、涂料聚合物和涂层设计等通常决定涂层的方法。在涂层技术不断改进和一批新的涂层设备涌现情况下，涂层织物的加工速度和产品质量随之出现。但现有技术的涂层织物不能够具有较好的耐水性和抗紫外线能力，且长期在户外使用容易老化，只是织物表面涂层脱落等问题，而且一般的涂层织物的强度不高，长时间使用后会出现撕裂破洞的现象。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种具有较好的防水防渗性能、通过合理设置达到较高强度且还具有较好防紫外线抗老化功能的多层式布料的制备方法。
本发明通过下述技术方案实现：一种防渗吸收紫外线的遮阳棚材料的制备方法，所述步骤为：
（1）防水基层制备：制备防水基层所需的羟乙基双酚P环氧树脂材料，并在羟乙基双酚P环氧树脂材料中添加有增韧剂聚乙烯醇缩丁醛形成防水基层待用；
（2）织物胶水制备：以重量份表示，取80份的乙烯-氯乙烯共聚体，80份聚乙烯粉末，15份的氢氧化铝和60份的邻苯二甲酸二丁酯，并利用原材料制备织物胶水待用；
（3）无纺布制备：按照质量比为47：53来取用聚丙烯腈纤维聚合物和聚己内酯纤维聚合物，然后混纺制成无纺布，并将待用；
（4）基层制备：先将准备好的无纺布放在最下层，然后均匀铺设准备好的织物胶水，在织物胶水上铺设至少一层规格为CNP180-4×3.5的无碱玻纤布，并在无碱玻纤布上表面再铺设一层织物胶水，最后在最上部的织物胶水上铺设一层无纺布并热压形成双层无纺布基层；
（5）将制备好的基层放入温度为58-63℃的单苯甲酸间苯二酚酯溶液中静置28-40min，然后取出基层并常温放置25-30min以形成紫外线吸收层；
（7）最后将准备好的防水基层均匀涂抹在基层外部并进行二次热压，最终裁剪成型下线，形成最终布料产品。
进一步地，所述步骤（1）中羟乙基双酚P环氧树脂材料的制备步骤为：
（1.1）取氢氧化钠、环氧氯丙烷、羟乙基双酚P和甲基异丁基酮为原材料，并按一定比例加入反应釜中，然后60-64℃恒温水浴并搅拌；然后冷凝回流反应22h；
（1.2）然后待反应结束后加入水充分混合后静置沉淀，然后将上层水层滤出后将剩余溶液加热到65℃并加入氢氧化钠溶液，然后恒温搅拌反应2.5-3.0h；
（1.3）待反应后加入蒸馏水水洗分液，直至分出的水层pH值为中性时，将滤液完全蒸馏过后，得到浅黄色、透明的羟乙基双酚P环氧树脂。
进一步地，所述步骤（2）中制备织物胶水的具体步骤为：在58-65℃温度下向乙烯-氯乙烯共聚体中加入聚乙烯粉末，并搅拌40min，然后向其中依次加入合成氢氧化铝和碳酸钙，然后搅拌1-2h，最后加入邻苯二甲酸二丁酯并搅拌30-45min，从而形成织物胶水。
进一步地，所述步骤（4）和步骤（7）中热压工艺采用五辊烫平机进行热压。
进一步地，所述步骤（3）中无纺布制备的具体步骤为：
（3.1）先将聚丙烯腈纤维聚合物和聚己内酯纤维聚合物分别挤出并拉伸，直到各自形成连续长丝为止；
（3.2）然后将聚丙烯腈纤维长丝和聚对苯二甲酰对苯二胺聚合物铺设成网，并进入压辊中进行预压；
（3.3）然后纤维网送入轧机热轧，从而通过其自身粘合和热粘合的方式形成无纺布。
本发明与现有技术相比，具有以下优点及有益效果：
本发明的方法通过合理控制各反应物之间的配比，合理控制反应条件而制备出一种适防渗吸收紫外线的遮阳棚材料，本发明的防水基层得到的环氧树脂组合物固化而得到的固化物，具有耐湿性、耐热性优异，并且抗冲击性等机械特性也优异的性能，粘接性能好，耐久性能好，且制备方法简单易行，适合工业化生产，而且添加有一定量的紫外线吸收剂能够提高防紫外线能力。
具体实施方式
下面详细描述本发明的实施例。
实施例1：
本实施例的一种防渗吸收紫外线的遮阳棚材料，包括基层，所述基层包括至少两层无纺布，所述相邻无纺布间设有尺寸为CNP180-4×3.5的无碱玻纤布，且相邻无纺布层间填充有胶水作为粘接剂，基层外部还包裹有防水基层，所述防水基层为羟乙基双酚P环氧树脂，所述无纺布为聚丙烯腈纤维和聚己内酯纤维的混纺的无纺布，其中聚丙烯腈纤维的质量百分比为46-57%，聚己内酯纤维的质量百分比为43-54%，所述胶水成分为乙烯-氯乙烯共聚体、聚乙烯粉末、氢氧化铝和邻苯二甲酸二丁酯。
本发明的制备方法，具体步骤为：
（1）防水基层制备：制备防水基层所需的羟乙基双酚P环氧树脂材料，并在羟乙基双酚P环氧树脂材料中添加有增韧剂聚乙烯醇缩丁醛形成防水基层待用；
（2）织物胶水制备：以重量份表示，取80份的乙烯-氯乙烯共聚体，80份聚乙烯粉末，15份的氢氧化铝和60份的邻苯二甲酸二丁酯，并利用原材料制备织物胶水待用；
（3）无纺布制备：按照质量比为47：53来取用聚丙烯腈纤维聚合物和聚己内酯纤维聚合物，然后混纺制成无纺布，并将待用；
（4）基层制备：先将准备好的无纺布放在最下层，然后均匀铺设准备好的织物胶水，在织物胶水上铺设至少一层规格为CNP180-4×3.5的无碱玻纤布，并在无碱玻纤布上表面再铺设一层织物胶水，最后在最上部的织物胶水上铺设一层无纺布并热压形成双层无纺布基层；
（5）将制备好的基层放入温度为58-63℃的单苯甲酸间苯二酚酯溶液中静置28-40min，然后取出基层并常温放置25-30min以形成紫外线吸收层；
（7）最后将准备好的防水基层均匀涂抹在基层外部并进行二次热压，最终裁剪成型下线，形成最终布料产品。
实施例2：
本实施例是在上述实施例1的基础上，进一步地限定，所述基层中包括三层无纺布，所述聚丙烯腈纤维质量百分比为47%，聚己内酯纤维的质量百分比为53%。本实施例的其他部分与上述实施例相同，不再赘述。
实施例3：
本实施例是在上述实施例1的基础上，进一步地限定，所述基层中包括四层无纺布，所述聚丙烯腈纤维质量百分比为52%，聚己内酯纤维的质量百分比为48%。本实施例的其他部分与上述实施例相同，不再赘述。
实施例4：
本实施例是在上述实施例1的基础上，进一步地限定所述基层中包括三层无纺布，所述聚丙烯腈纤维的质量百分比为56%，聚己内酯纤维的质量百分比为44%。本实施例的其他部分与上述实施例相同，不再赘述。
现将实施例2-4分别进行实验对比，测试每份样品的各种性能指标，没个实施例的样品数量为100件，每件样品的尺寸为2×2m，并设置对照实验组，所述对照实验组为采用普通单纤维无纺布且不添加加强材料和织物胶水，直接在单纤维无纺布外部包裹一层普通防水涂料即可，其测试样品尺寸也为2×2m。
首先测试指标包括耐静水压测试、剥离强度测试、透湿度测试、防紫外线能力测试、耐磨性测试和拉伸强度测试。
耐静水压测试：耐静水压测试是采用JISL1092织物抗水性测试方法和标准进行测试，而测试分为低水压和高水压测试，所需测试织物杨平面积为100平方厘米，而低水压测试的加压速度为每分钟600mm汞柱，而高水压测试的加压速度为每分钟10000mm汞柱。
剥离强度测试：所述剥离强度测试采用GB/T 2792-1998压敏胶粘带180°剥离强度测试方法进行测试，采用包裹有双面压敏胶带的压辊作为实验工具，所述测试样品的尺寸为200×40mm，在压辊的自种下以约300mm/min的速度在试样上滚压三次，然后在实验环境下停放20~40min后进行实验，实验时试验机咦300mm/min±10mm/min下降速度连续剥离，并自动记录仪绘制玻璃曲线。
透湿度测试：采用JIS L-1099 B1、B2日本工业标准，测试原理如下：用醋酸钾作为干燥剂，将PTFE薄膜用橡皮环箍在塑料杯上制成一个水蒸气通透杯子。在将薄膜包覆在杯子上之前，将足够的醋酸钾溶液放入到水蒸气通透杯子中，充满杯子容积约2/3。从每一织物上取出20cm×30cm见方的3块样品。每一样品放置在测试支撑架上。所有涂层或层压织物用橡皮环固定在支撑架上，并且涂层或层压面朝外。样品支撑系统的安装以能够漂浮在23℃水温的水槽中为准。在薄膜朝上方向测试完测试杯质量(包括试样、干燥剂和薄膜)后，迅速将测试杯倒过来并放入样品支撑架中。这一装配方式被放置在恒温30℃±2℃装置中。15min后，将测试杯取出恒温装置，将其倒置过来并测定其重量。
防紫外线能力测试：采用美国AATCC标准，所述AATCC标准采用分光光度计法，该法主要是通过稳定的UV光源产生波长为290－400nm的紫外线射线，通过单色器照射试样，收集总的光谱投射射线，测定出总的光谱投射比，并计算试样的紫外线透射率和防护系数UPF值。
耐磨性测试：采用GB/T 1768-79（89）测试标准和方法进行测试，其原理为在1000g载荷下，采用旋转摩擦砂轮磨耗涂层表面，其耐磨性指在规定1000次研磨转数周期内涂层质量损耗来表示。
拉伸强度测试：采用国家标准GB/T 3923.1-1997织物拉伸性能测试（断裂强力和断裂伸长率的测定），织物拉伸断裂实验目前主要采用单向受力拉伸，即测试织物试条的经向强力、纬向强力，或者与经纬向呈某一角度的强力。所述试样尺寸为250×50mm，仪器拉伸力额定为500N。
表1
通过实验数据可得，本发明中采用较多的加强材料层数和无纺布层数可以更好的提升整个布料的结构强度，而且吸收紫外线的材料是附着在无纺布内，所以随着无纺布层的增加，其防紫外线能力也大大增加，然后耐水性也得到提高，而本发明相较于普通涂层无纺布，在各个指标上面都有优势，所以本发明所达到的技术效果显著，具有较好的创新性。
尽管已经示出和描述了本发明的实施例，本领域的普通技术人员可以理解：在不脱离本发明的原理和宗旨下可以对这些实施例进行多种变化、修改、替换和变型，本发明的范围由权利要求及其等同物限定。

Claims (5)

1.一种防渗吸收紫外线的遮阳棚材料的制备方法，其特征在于：所述步骤为：
（1）防水基层制备：制备防水基层所需的羟乙基双酚P环氧树脂材料，并在羟乙基双酚P环氧树脂材料中添加有增韧剂聚乙烯醇缩丁醛形成防水基层待用；
（2）织物胶水制备：以重量份表示，取80份的乙烯-氯乙烯共聚体，80份聚乙烯粉末，15份的氢氧化铝和60份的邻苯二甲酸二丁酯，并利用原材料制备织物胶水待用；
（3）无纺布制备：按照质量比为47：53来取用聚丙烯腈纤维聚合物和聚己内酯纤维聚合物，然后混纺制成无纺布，并将待用；
（4）基层制备：先将准备好的无纺布放在最下层，然后均匀铺设准备好的织物胶水，在织物胶水上铺设至少一层规格为CNP180-4×3.5的无碱玻纤布，并在无碱玻纤布上表面再铺设一层织物胶水，最后在最上部的织物胶水上铺设一层无纺布并热压形成双层无纺布基层；
（5）将制备好的基层放入温度为58-63℃的单苯甲酸间苯二酚酯溶液中静置28-40min，然后取出基层并常温放置25-30min以形成紫外线吸收层；
（6）最后将准备好的防水基层均匀涂抹在基层外部并进行二次热压，最终裁剪成型下线，形成最终布料产品。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种防渗吸收紫外线的遮阳棚材料的制备方法，其特征在于：所述步骤（1）中羟乙基双酚P环氧树脂材料的制备步骤为：
（1.1）取氢氧化钠、环氧氯丙烷、羟乙基双酚P和甲基异丁基酮为原材料，并按一定比例加入反应釜中，然后60-64℃恒温水浴并搅拌；然后冷凝回流反应22h；
（1.2）然后待反应结束后加入水充分混合后静置沉淀，然后将上层水层滤出后将剩余溶液加热到65℃并加入氢氧化钠溶液，然后恒温搅拌反应2.5-3.0h；
（1.3）待反应后加入蒸馏水水洗分液，直至分出的水层pH值为中性时，将滤液完全蒸馏过后，得到浅黄色、透明的羟乙基双酚P环氧树脂。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的一种防渗吸收紫外线的遮阳棚材料的制备方法，其特征在于：所述步骤（2）中制备织物胶水的具体步骤为：在58-65℃温度下向乙烯-氯乙烯共聚体中加入聚乙烯粉末，并搅拌40min，然后向其中依次加入合成氢氧化铝和碳酸钙，然后搅拌1-2h，最后加入邻苯二甲酸二丁酯并搅拌30-45min，从而形成织物胶水。
4.根据权利要求1或2所述的一种防渗吸收紫外线的遮阳棚材料的制备方法，其特征在于：所述步骤（4）和步骤（7）中热压工艺采用五辊烫平机进行热压。
5.根据权利要求1或2所述的一种防渗吸收紫外线的遮阳棚材料的制备方法，其特征在于：所述步骤（3）中无纺布制备的具体步骤为：
（3.1）先将聚丙烯腈纤维聚合物和聚己内酯纤维聚合物分别挤出并拉伸，直到各自形成连续长丝为止；
（3.2）然后将聚丙烯腈纤维长丝和聚对苯二甲酰对苯二胺聚合物铺设成网，并进入压辊中进行预压；
（3.3）然后纤维网送入轧机热轧，从而通过其自身粘合和热粘合的方式形成无纺布。
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