CN107245893B - The method of cellulose is extracted from tobacco waste - Google Patents
The method of cellulose is extracted from tobacco waste Download PDFInfo
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- CN107245893B CN107245893B CN201710465180.4A CN201710465180A CN107245893B CN 107245893 B CN107245893 B CN 107245893B CN 201710465180 A CN201710465180 A CN 201710465180A CN 107245893 B CN107245893 B CN 107245893B
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21C—PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE BY REMOVING NON-CELLULOSE SUBSTANCES FROM CELLULOSE-CONTAINING MATERIALS; REGENERATION OF PULPING LIQUORS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- D21C5/00—Other processes for obtaining cellulose, e.g. cooking cotton linters ; Processes characterised by the choice of cellulose-containing starting materials
- D21C5/005—Treatment of cellulose-containing material with microorganisms or enzymes
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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- Preparation Of Compounds By Using Micro-Organisms (AREA)
- Purification Treatments By Anaerobic Or Anaerobic And Aerobic Bacteria Or Animals (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of method that cellulose is extracted from tobacco waste, the specific steps are that: the preparation of step (1) inoculation carrier: the carrier of immobilization, which is placed in the high-pressure sterilizing pot for fill agar medium, to sterilize, the agar of carrier surface is cleaned with hot distilled water after cooling, after cleaning by carrier in fermented by white rot fungus liquid shaken cultivation, for use；Step (2) fermentation: the net cage for filling tobacco waste, which is placed in the fermentation vat that fermented by white rot fungus liquid has been added, submerges fermentation；Step (3) elutes the stage: the net cage that residues are housed described in step (2) is taken out from fermentation vat, the inoculation carrier of step (1) preparation is added, water flow simulation rainfall elution overturns net cage in elution until cleaning solution is clarification shape；Step (4): the material of step (3) is taken out, and drying obtains high purity cellulose.Compared with the existing technology, this method has the advantages such as recovery rate is high, extracting cycle is short, at low cost, low in the pollution of the environment.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technological field of biochemistry, and in particular to a kind of side that cellulose is extracted from tobacco waste
Method.
Background technique
Cell wall substance is made of substances such as cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin in tobacco, these substances maintain tobacco thin
Cell wall structures account for about the 26%~35% of tobacco dry matter weight, wherein cellulose account for about dry matter gross weight 13%~
18%.Lignin accounts for the 16%~24% of tobacco leaf total cell wall substance, and content range is 3.5~7.5%.The lignin of offal contains
Amount is higher than tobacco leaf, and when burning and sucking, miscellaneous gas weight, seriously affects cigarette quality, and significant portion of offal is by as cigarette in process of production
Careless waste abandons.The equal first place in the world of cultivated area and yield of China's tobacco plant, as tobacco leaf production big country, we are annual
There are the leftover bits and pieces such as nearly tobacco leaf, offal, offal more than 1,000,000 tons to be discarded.
How the case where demand of economic benefit and current environment pollute at present efficiently uses in tobacco waste, lowers
Environmental pollution and promotion productivity effect are current focal points.Contain a large amount of cellulose in tobacco waste, how effectively
It utilizes to solve current pollution problem and make huge effect for the sound development of national economy, is urgently to be solved ask
Topic.
CN201110116236.8 is related to a kind of microorganism solid fermentation method and prepares reconstituted tobacoo base material-tobacco stalk fibre
The method of element.The present invention selects the microorganism of the enzymes such as high proteinase yield, pectase, lignoenzyme, amylase, with offal, offal
It is raw material with crumbled tobacco, prepares microorganism seed, prepared microorganism seed is inoculated into offal, carries out solid state fermentation, hair
Offal after ferment is impregnated and is digested in buffer, the offal after enzymatic hydrolysis, the macromoleculars such as protein, lignin, pectic substance
Substance is degraded to small-molecule substance, is easily isolated with the cellulose substances in offal, then agitated mashing, filtering, separation
Obtain the tobacco stalk fibre element of water-soluble extractives and water-insoluble.The patent does not refer to the work fermented using white-rot fungi
Skill.
The method that CN201210399941.8 prepares tobacco extract using immobilised enzymes preparation combination acetic acid bacteria fermentation is
Processing product is obtained with immobilization processing with enzyme preparation tobacco extract raw material, then obtains fermentation with acetic acid bacteria fermentation process product and produces
Object, then by tunning concentration to get tobacco extract.The patent is not referred to is fermented using white-rot fungi
Technique.
Summary of the invention
According to current Development Status, the present invention provides a kind of method that cellulose is extracted from tobacco waste, the party
Method first passes through the wood fibre in fermentation decomposition tobacco waste, and then simulated precipitation is eluted to remove fermentation decomposition and obtain
Organic debris, reducing organic debris attachment bring influences, to accelerate decomposition rate, substantially reduces the production cycle.
On the one hand, the present invention provides a kind of method that cellulose is extracted from tobacco waste, the specific steps are that:
The preparation of step (1) inoculation carrier: the carrier of immobilization, which is placed in the high-pressure sterilizing pot for fill agar medium, to go out
The agar of carrier surface is cleaned with hot distilled water after cooling, carrier is vibrated to training after cleaning in fermented by white rot fungus liquid by bacterium
It supports, for use；
Step (2) fermentation: the net cage for filling tobacco waste, which is placed in the fermentation vat that fermented by white rot fungus liquid has been added, to be soaked
Do not ferment；
Step (3) elutes the stage: the net cage that residues are housed described in step (2) being taken out from fermentation vat, is added
Enter the inoculation carrier of step (1) preparation, water flow simulation rainfall elution turns over net cage in elution until cleaning solution is clarification shape
Turn；
Step (4): remaining material after the completion of step (3) cleaning is taken out, drying obtains high purity cellulose；
Wherein, the preparation process of the fermented by white rot fungus liquid is as follows:, will using tobacco waste as liquid fermentation matrix
After being centrifuged after white-rot fungi progress liquid deep layer fermenting, it is prepared into after taking supernatant liquor, addition potato liquid of glucose to mix white
The potato liquid of glucose of rotten fungi；The enzyme activity for measuring white-rot fungi in fermented by white rot fungus liquid is 3.0IU/ml；
The specific preparation process of potato liquid of glucose is to be filtered after potato boils, and is mixed after filtrate is cooling with glucose
Liquid；
The agar medium refers to by the agar medium of potato liquid of glucose and agar preparation.
The water flow simulation rainfall elution refers to the precipitation rate of elution between 0.25~4.0 mm/hr.Preferably
Between 1.0~2 mm/hrs.
The tobacco waste refers to discarded tobacco, offal, tobacco leaf leftover bits and pieces, cigarette leftover bits and pieces or other production of cigarettes
A large amount of byproducts in the process etc..It is also possible to tobacco.
Further, the carrier of immobilization described in step (1) is dripped by raw material of polyvinyl alcohol, sodium alginate and active carbon
Enter the sphere that cross-linking reaction is prepared in calcium chloride and boric acid solution.Use mass fraction for 15%, 3.5% polyvinyl alcohol
It will be mixed by constant flow pump with the rate of 40r/min after mixing evenly with the active carbon of sodium alginate and mass fraction 0.2%
Uniform immobilization raw material instills the cross-linking reaction forming tank equipped with 2% calcium chloride saturation boric acid solution, and it is solidifying to form sphere immediately
Glue is added dropwise to complete rear static crosslinking 4h up to spherical fixation support.
Further, the diameter of the sphere is 1~5cm, preferably 3cm.
Further, temperature is 100~150 DEG C in the high-pressure sterilizing pot, and pressure is 1.2~1.5Pa.
Further, the temperature of the hot distilled water is 50~70 DEG C, preferably 60 DEG C.
Further, the time of shaken cultivation is 5~10 days, preferably 7 days in the step (1).
Further, the fermentation temperature of step (2) fermentation stage be 20~30 DEG C, preferably 25 DEG C, fermentation period be 7~
16 days, preferably 10 days, fermentation pH are 4~7, preferably 6.5.
Further, the volume of net cage is 1m in the step (2)3, aperture is 0.5~1mm.Cigarette in the step (2)
It is 5 kilograms that careless waste, which is placed on the amount in net cage, and fermented by white rot fungus liquid is about 1.5L in fermentation vat.
Further, the elution time in step (3) the elution stage is 6~16 hours, the leaching of the preferably described step (3)
Washing the time is 6~10 hours.More preferably 8 hours.
Further, the leacheate of step (3) the elution stage outflow passes through the water after filtering out filter residue and repeats to use
In elution, realizes recycling and reduce environmental pollution.The filtering is filtered using active carbon and sandstone.
Further, before step (4), step (2)~(3) are repeated 1~3 time, before repeating every time, needs that load will be inoculated with
Body takes out, and utilizes again after inoculation carrier is repeated step (1) inoculation.
The content of cellulose reaches 89.9%.
In step (1), after inoculation carrier cleaning, guarantee spherome surface without more remaining mediums, and intrapore training
It supports base to save again completely, is easy to the implantation of later stage fermentation bacterium.
The fermentation described in step (2), the specific preparation process of potato Glucose Liquid are that boil 30min laggard for 200g potato
Row filtering, the liquid obtained after being mixed after filtrate is cooling with 20g glucose.
The elution stage described in step (3), thin Fluid Dynamics rainfall elution can effectively reduce the loss of cellulose, significantly
Improve recovery rate.On the one hand the inoculation ball added in net cage can increase frictional force and faster remove organic debris；On the other hand
The live flora lost by elution can be made up.Further, the inoculation ball of addition is 30.Specific time reference elution
Eluate situation, eluate be clarification shape.The mixing of material in lessivation, by the way that net cage is carried out overturning realization.
The fermentation that the present invention uses-ELUTION METHOD extract cellulose in tobacco waste, hemicellulose, lignin, can
Soluble substance, and without using organic solvent in extraction process；The method used is simple, energy conservation and environmental protection, using white-rot fungi
Tobacco waste is handled, cellulose is extracted, the DNA purity of cellulose is high, and the cycle time for extracting cellulose is short, and it is at low cost, it mentions
Take rate high, pollution is few.Using the tobacco-containing material discarded as raw material, greatly expand crops tobacco waste utilizes model
It encloses, solves current tobacco waste bring pollution problem, the wide market of this method.With simple water alcohol method at present,
Oxidation-reduction method, extraction efficiency is higher, and the three wastes of generation are less.
Specific embodiment
As described below is the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and what the present invention was protected is not limited to following preferred implementation side
Formula.It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art on the basis of the inventive concept, several deformations for making and
It improves, belongs to protection scope of the present invention.
The tobacco waste refers to discarded tobacco, offal, tobacco leaf leftover bits and pieces, cigarette leftover bits and pieces or other production of cigarettes
A large amount of byproducts in the process etc..It is also possible to tobacco.
Embodiment 1
The preparation of step (1) inoculation carrier: using tobacco waste as liquid fermentation matrix, it is deep that white-rot fungi is subjected to liquid
After being centrifuged after layer fermentation, supernatant liquor is taken, potato liquid of glucose is added, and (200g potato is filtered after boiling 30min, filtrate
Obtained after being mixed after cooling with 20g glucose) the potato liquid of glucose of white-rot fungi is prepared into after mixing；It is true to measure white rot
The enzyme activity of white-rot fungi is 3.0IU/ml in fermented liquid, for use；30 inoculation spheres (diameter 5cm) are placed in and fill by potato
(temperature is 100 DEG C to the high-pressure sterilizing pot of liquid of glucose and the agar medium of agar (mass ratio 5:1) preparation, and pressure is
The agar of carrier surface clean by sterilizing in 1.2Pa) after cooling with hot distilled water (temperature is 70 DEG C), guarantee spherome surface without
More remaining mediums, and intrapore culture medium saves completely, and carrier shakes in 1L fermented by white rot fungus liquid after cleaning
Culture is swung, the time of shaken cultivation is 7 days, for use；
Step (2) fermentation: fill 5 kilograms of tobacco wastes net cage (volume of net cage be 1m3, aperture is 0.5~1mm)
It is placed in the fermentation vat that 1.5L fermented by white rot fungus liquid has been added and submerges fermentation；Fermentation temperature is 20 DEG C, and fermentation period is 7 days,
The pH that ferments is 4；
Step (3) elutes the stage: the net cage that residues are housed described in step (2) being taken out from fermentation vat, is added
Enter the inoculation carrier of step (1) preparation, water flow simulation rainfall elution, precipitation rate is between 0.25~0.5 mm/hr, leaching
Washing the time is 16 hours, until cleaning solution is clarification shape, is overturn net cage in elution；The leacheate of outflow is by using activity
Charcoal and sandstone filter out the water after filter residue and are recycled and reused for eluting；
Step (4): repeating step (2)~(3) 1 time, before repeating, needs to be inoculated with carrier taking-up, inoculation carrier is repeated
It is utilized again after step (1) inoculation；Remaining material after the completion of step (3) cleaning is taken out, drying obtains high purity cellulose；
The content of cellulose reaches 76.5%.
Embodiment 2
The preparation of step (1) inoculation carrier: using tobacco waste as liquid fermentation matrix, it is deep that white-rot fungi is subjected to liquid
After being centrifuged after layer fermentation, supernatant liquor is taken, potato liquid of glucose is added, and (200g potato is filtered after boiling 30min, filtrate
Obtained after being mixed after cooling with 20g glucose) the potato liquid of glucose of white-rot fungi is prepared into after mixing；It is true to measure white rot
The enzyme activity of white-rot fungi is 3.0IU/ml in fermented liquid, for use；30 inoculation spheres (diameter 3cm) are placed in and fill by potato
(temperature is 150 DEG C to the high-pressure sterilizing pot of liquid of glucose and the agar medium of agar (mass ratio 5:1) preparation, and pressure is
The agar of carrier surface clean by sterilizing in 1.5Pa) after cooling with hot distilled water (temperature is 50 DEG C), guarantee spherome surface without
More remaining mediums, and intrapore culture medium saves completely, and carrier shakes in 1L fermented by white rot fungus liquid after cleaning
Culture is swung, the time of shaken cultivation is 10 days, for use；
Step (2) fermentation: fill 5 kilograms of tobacco wastes net cage (volume of net cage be 1m3, aperture is 0.5~1mm)
It is placed in the fermentation vat that 1.5L fermented by white rot fungus liquid has been added and submerges fermentation；Fermentation temperature is 25 DEG C, and fermentation period is 10 days,
The pH that ferments is 6.5；
Step (3) elutes the stage: the net cage that residues are housed described in step (2) being taken out from fermentation vat, is added
Enter the inoculation carrier of step (1) preparation, water flow simulation rainfall elution, precipitation rate elutes the time between 1~2 mm/hr
It is 8 hours, until cleaning solution is clarification shape, overturns net cage in elution；The leacheate of outflow is by using active carbon and sand
Stone filters out the water after filter residue and is recycled and reused for eluting；
Step (4): repeating step (2)~(3) 2 times, before repeating every time, needs to be inoculated with carrier taking-up, will be inoculated with carrier
It is utilized again after repeating step (1) inoculation；Remaining material after the completion of step (3) cleaning is taken out, drying obtains high-purity fiber
Element；The content of cellulose reaches 89.9%.
Embodiment 3
The preparation of step (1) inoculation carrier: using tobacco waste as liquid fermentation matrix, it is deep that white-rot fungi is subjected to liquid
After being centrifuged after layer fermentation, supernatant liquor is taken, potato liquid of glucose is added, and (200g potato is filtered after boiling 30min, filtrate
Obtained after being mixed after cooling with 20g glucose) the potato liquid of glucose of white-rot fungi is prepared into after mixing；It is true to measure white rot
The enzyme activity of white-rot fungi is 3.0IU/ml in fermented liquid, for use；30 inoculation spheres (diameter 1cm) are placed in and fill by potato
(temperature is 120 DEG C to the high-pressure sterilizing pot of liquid of glucose and the agar medium of agar (mass ratio 5:1) preparation, and pressure is
The agar of carrier surface clean by sterilizing in 1.2Pa) after cooling with hot distilled water (temperature is 60 DEG C), guarantee spherome surface without
More remaining mediums, and intrapore culture medium saves completely, and carrier shakes in 1L fermented by white rot fungus liquid after cleaning
Culture is swung, the time of shaken cultivation is 5 days, for use；
Step (2) fermentation: fill 5 kilograms of tobacco wastes net cage (volume of net cage be 1m3, aperture is 0.5~1mm)
It is placed in the fermentation vat that 1.5L fermented by white rot fungus liquid has been added and submerges fermentation；Fermentation temperature is 30 DEG C, and fermentation period is 7 days,
The pH that ferments is 7,
Step (3) elutes the stage: the net cage that residues are housed described in step (2) being taken out from fermentation vat, is added
Enter the inoculation carrier of step (1) preparation, water flow simulation rainfall elution, precipitation rate elutes the time between 3~4 mm/hrs
It is 6 hours, until cleaning solution is clarification shape, overturns net cage in elution；The leacheate of outflow is by using active carbon and sand
Stone filters out the water after filter residue and is recycled and reused for eluting；
Step (4): repeating step (2)~(3) 3 times, before repeating every time, needs to be inoculated with carrier taking-up, will be inoculated with carrier
It is utilized again after repeating step (1) inoculation；Remaining material after the completion of step (3) cleaning is taken out, drying obtains high-purity fiber
Element；The content of cellulose reaches 85.0%.
Embodiment 4
The preparation of step (1) inoculation carrier: using tobacco waste as liquid fermentation matrix, it is deep that white-rot fungi is subjected to liquid
After being centrifuged after layer fermentation, supernatant liquor is taken, potato liquid of glucose is added, and (200g potato is filtered after boiling 30min, filtrate
Obtained after being mixed after cooling with 20g glucose) the potato liquid of glucose of white-rot fungi is prepared into after mixing；It is true to measure white rot
The enzyme activity of white-rot fungi is 3.0IU/ml in fermented liquid, for use；30 inoculation spheres (diameter 5cm) are placed in and fill by potato
(temperature is 100 DEG C to the high-pressure sterilizing pot of liquid of glucose and the agar medium of agar (mass ratio 5:1) preparation, and pressure is
The agar of carrier surface clean by sterilizing in 1.2Pa) after cooling with hot distilled water (temperature is 70 DEG C), guarantee spherome surface without
More remaining mediums, and intrapore culture medium saves completely, and carrier shakes in 1L fermented by white rot fungus liquid after cleaning
Culture is swung, the time of shaken cultivation is 10 days, for use；
Step (2) fermentation: fill 5 kilograms of tobacco wastes net cage (volume of net cage be 1m3, aperture is 0.5~1mm)
It is placed in the fermentation vat that 1.5L fermented by white rot fungus liquid has been added and submerges fermentation；Fermentation temperature is 30 DEG C, and fermentation period is 12 days,
The pH that ferments is 6,
Step (3) elutes the stage: the net cage that residues are housed described in step (2) being taken out from fermentation vat, is added
Enter the inoculation carrier of step (1) preparation, water flow simulation rainfall elution, precipitation rate is between 2.5~3.5 mm/hrs, elution
Time is 12 hours, until cleaning solution is clarification shape, is overturn net cage in elution；The leacheate of outflow is by using active carbon
Water after filtering out filter residue with sandstone is recycled and reused for eluting；
Step (4): repeating step (2)~(3) 2 times, before repeating every time, needs to be inoculated with carrier taking-up, will be inoculated with carrier
It is utilized again after repeating step (1) inoculation；Remaining material after the completion of step (3) cleaning is taken out, drying obtains high-purity fiber
Element；The content of cellulose reaches 88.1%.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of method for extracting cellulose from tobacco waste, which is characterized in that specific steps are as follows:
The preparation of step (1) inoculation carrier: the carrier of immobilization, which is placed in the high-pressure sterilizing pot for fill agar medium, to sterilize, cold
But the agar of carrier surface is cleaned with hot distilled water afterwards, after cleaning by carrier in fermented by white rot fungus liquid shaken cultivation, to
With；
Step (2) fermentation: the net cage for filling tobacco waste, which is placed in the fermentation vat that fermented by white rot fungus liquid has been added, submerges hair
Ferment；
Step (3) elutes the stage: the net cage that residues are housed described in step (2) being taken out from fermentation vat, step is added
Suddenly the inoculation carrier of (1) preparation, water flow simulation rainfall elution overturn net cage in elution until cleaning solution is clarification shape；
Step (4): remaining material after the completion of step (3) cleaning is taken out, drying obtains high purity cellulose；
The preparation process of the fermented by white rot fungus liquid is as follows: using tobacco waste as liquid fermentation matrix, by white-rot fungi
After being centrifuged after progress liquid deep layer fermenting, supernatant liquor is taken, is added after potato liquid of glucose mixes and is prepared into white-rot fungi
Potato liquid of glucose；The enzyme activity for measuring white-rot fungi in fermented by white rot fungus liquid is 3.0IU/mL；
The specific preparation process of potato liquid of glucose is to be filtered after potato boils, and is mixed after filtrate is cooling with glucose
Liquid；
The agar medium refers to by the agar medium of potato liquid of glucose and agar preparation.
2. the method according to claim 1 for extracting cellulose from tobacco waste, which is characterized in that the water flow mould
Quasi- rainfall elution refers to the precipitation rate of elution between 0.25~4.0 mm/hr.
3. the method according to claim 1 for extracting cellulose from tobacco waste, which is characterized in that step (1) institute
The carrier for the immobilization stated is instilled in calcium chloride and boric acid solution as raw material using polyvinyl alcohol, sodium alginate and active carbon and is crosslinked instead
The sphere that should be prepared.
4. the method according to claim 1 for extracting cellulose from tobacco waste, which is characterized in that step (2) hair
The fermentation temperature in ferment stage is 20~30 DEG C, and fermentation period is 7~16 days, and fermentation pH is 4~7, net cage described in step (2)
Volume is 1m3, aperture is 0.5~1mm；It is 5 kilograms that tobacco waste, which is placed on the amount in net cage, in the step (2), fermentation
Fermented by white rot fungus liquid is 1.5L in pond.
5. the method according to claim 1 for extracting cellulose from tobacco waste, which is characterized in that step (3) institute
The elution time for stating the elution stage is 6~16 hours.
6. the method according to claim 1 for extracting cellulose from tobacco waste, which is characterized in that in step (4)
Before, step (2)~(3) are repeated 1~3 time, before repeating every time, needs to be inoculated with carrier taking-up, inoculation carrier is repeated into step
(1) it is utilized again after being inoculated with.
7. the method according to claim 3 for extracting cellulose from tobacco waste, which is characterized in that step (1) institute
The diameter for stating sphere is 1~5cm；Temperature is 100~150 DEG C in the high-pressure sterilizing pot, and pressure is 1.2~1.5Pa；The heat
The temperature of distilled water is 50~70 DEG C；The time of the shaken cultivation is 5~10 days.
8. the method according to claim 1 for extracting cellulose from tobacco waste, which is characterized in that the step
(3) water that the leacheate of elution stage outflow passes through after filtering out filter residue is recycled and reused for eluting.
9. the method according to claim 2 for extracting cellulose from tobacco waste, which is characterized in that the water flow mould
Quasi- rainfall elution refers to the precipitation rate of elution between 1~2 mm/hr.
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| CN101671699A (en) * | 2009-10-20 | 2010-03-17 | 东华大学 | Method for preparing ethanol by fermenting tobacco leftovers by mixing composite carrier and immobilized yeast |
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| CN102823938A (en) * | 2012-08-17 | 2012-12-19 | 湖北中烟工业有限责任公司 | Method for improving softness and sensory quality of reconstituted tobacco by white rot fungus enzyme solution |
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