CN107245893A - The method that cellulose is extracted from tobacco waste - Google Patents
The method that cellulose is extracted from tobacco waste Download PDFInfo
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- CN107245893A CN107245893A CN201710465180.4A CN201710465180A CN107245893A CN 107245893 A CN107245893 A CN 107245893A CN 201710465180 A CN201710465180 A CN 201710465180A CN 107245893 A CN107245893 A CN 107245893A
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- cellulose
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- elution
- tobacco waste
- fermentation
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21C—PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE BY REMOVING NON-CELLULOSE SUBSTANCES FROM CELLULOSE-CONTAINING MATERIALS; REGENERATION OF PULPING LIQUORS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- D21C5/00—Other processes for obtaining cellulose, e.g. cooking cotton linters ; Processes characterised by the choice of cellulose-containing starting materials
- D21C5/005—Treatment of cellulose-containing material with microorganisms or enzymes
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Preparation Of Compounds By Using Micro-Organisms (AREA)
- Purification Treatments By Anaerobic Or Anaerobic And Aerobic Bacteria Or Animals (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of method that cellulose is extracted from tobacco waste, and it is concretely comprised the following steps：Step (1) is inoculated with the preparation of carrier：The carrier of immobilization be placed in the high-pressure sterilizing pot for fill agar medium sterilize, the agar of carrier surface is cleaned with hot distilled water after cooling, after cleaning by carrier in fermented by white rot fungus liquid shaken cultivation, it is stand-by；Step (2) is fermented：The net cage for filling tobacco waste is placed in submergence fermentation in the fermentation vat for having added fermented by white rot fungus liquid；Step (3) elutes the stage：The net cage equipped with residues described in step (2) is taken out from fermentation vat, inoculation carrier prepared by step (1), water flow simulation rainfall elution is added, until cleaning fluid is clarification shape, overturn net cage in elution；Step (4)：The material of step (3) is taken out, drying obtains high purity cellulose.Relative to prior art, this method has that recovery rate is high, extracting cycle is short, cost is low, the advantage such as low in the pollution of the environment.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technological field of biochemistry, and in particular to a kind of side that cellulose is extracted from tobacco waste
Method.
Background technology
Cell wall substance is made up of materials such as cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin in tobacco, and these materials maintain tobacco thin
Cell wall structures, account for the 26%~35% of tobacco dry matter weight, wherein, cellulose account for dry gross weight 13%~
18%.Lignin accounts for the 16%~24% of tobacco leaf total cell wall substance, and content range is 3.5~7.5%.The lignin of offal contains
Amount is higher than tobacco leaf, and when burning and sucking, miscellaneous gas weight, has a strong impact on cigarette quality, and significant portion of offal is used as cigarette in process of production
Careless discarded object is abandoned.The equal first place in the world of cultivated area and yield of China's tobacco plant, as tobacco leaf production big country, we are annual
There are the leftover bits and pieces such as nearly tobacco leaf, offal, offal more than 1,000,000 tons to go out of use.
How effectively to utilize, lower in the demand of current economic benefit and the situation of current environment pollution, tobacco waste
Environmental pollution is current focal point with lifting productivity effect.Contain substantial amounts of cellulose in tobacco waste, how effectively
Utilize to solve current pollution problem and make huge effect for the sound development of national economy, be to be badly in need of asking for solution
Topic.
CN201110116236.8 is related to a kind of microorganism solid fermentation method and prepares reconstituted tobacoo base material-tobacco stalk fibre
The method of element.The microorganism of the enzymes such as present invention selection high proteinase yield, pectase, lignoenzyme, amylase, with offal, offal
It is raw material with crumbled tobacco, prepares microorganism seed, prepared microorganism seed is inoculated into offal, carries out solid state fermentation, hair
Offal after ferment soaks and digested in buffer solution, the offal after enzymolysis, the macromolecular such as protein, lignin, pectic substance
Material is degraded to small-molecule substance, is easily isolated with the cellulose substances in offal, then agitated mashing, filtering, separation
Obtain the tobacco stalk fibre element of water-soluble extractives and water-insoluble.The patent does not refer to the work fermented using white-rot fungi
Skill.
The method that CN201210399941.8 prepares tobacco extract using immobilised enzymes preparation combination acetic acid bacteria fermentation, be
Processing product is obtained with immobilization processing with enzyme preparation tobacco extract raw material, then fermentation production is obtained with acetic acid bacteria fermentation process product
Thing, then by tunning concentration, produces tobacco extract.The patent does not refer to what is fermented using white-rot fungi
Technique.
The content of the invention
According to current Development Status, the present invention provides a kind of method that cellulose is extracted from tobacco waste, the party
Method first passes through the wood fibre in fermentation decomposition tobacco waste, and then simulated precipitation is eluted is obtained with removing fermentation decomposition
Organic debris, reduces the influence that organic debris sclerozone comes, so as to accelerate decomposition rate, substantially reduces the production cycle.
On the one hand, the present invention provides a kind of method that cellulose is extracted from tobacco waste, and it is concretely comprised the following steps：
Step (1) is inoculated with the preparation of carrier：The carrier of immobilization, which is placed in the high-pressure sterilizing pot for fill agar medium, to go out
Bacterium, cleans the agar of carrier surface with hot distilled water after cooling, and carrier is vibrated into training in fermented by white rot fungus liquid after cleaning
Support, it is stand-by；
Step (2) is fermented：The net cage for filling tobacco waste is placed in leaching in the fermentation vat for having added fermented by white rot fungus liquid
Do not ferment；
Step (3) elutes the stage：The net cage equipped with residues described in step (2) is taken out from fermentation vat, plus
Enter the inoculation carrier of step (1) preparation, water flow simulation rainfall elution, until cleaning fluid is clarification shape, turn over net cage in elution
Turn；
Step (4)：Remaining material takes out after the completion of step (3) is cleaned, drying, obtains high purity cellulose；
Wherein, the preparation process of described fermented by white rot fungus liquid is as follows：, will using tobacco waste as liquid fermentation matrix
White-rot fungi is carried out after being centrifuged after liquid deep layer fermenting, takes supernatant liquor, addition potato liquid of glucose to be prepared into after mixing white
The potato liquid of glucose of rotten fungi；The enzyme activity for measuring white-rot fungi in fermented by white rot fungus liquid is 3.0IU/ml；
The specific preparation process of potato liquid of glucose is to be filtered after potato boils, and is mixed after filtrate cooling with glucose
Liquid；
The agar medium refers to the agar medium prepared by potato liquid of glucose and agar.
The water flow simulation rainfall elution refers to the precipitation speed of elution between 0.25~4.0 mm hr.Preferably
Between 1.0~2 mm hrs.
The tobacco waste refers to discarded tobacco, offal, tobacco leaf leftover bits and pieces, cigarette leftover bits and pieces or other production of cigarettes
During a large amount of byproducts etc..It can also be tobacco.
Further, the carrier of the immobilization described in step (1) drips by raw material of polyvinyl alcohol, sodium alginate and activated carbon
Enter the spheroid that cross-linking reaction is prepared from calcium chloride and boric acid solution.Use mass fraction for 15%, 3.5% polyvinyl alcohol
With sodium alginate and the activated carbon of mass fraction 0.2%, after stirring, it will be mixed with 40r/min speed by constant flow pump
Uniform immobilization raw material instills the cross-linking reaction forming tank equipped with 2% calcium chloride saturation boric acid solution, forms spheroid immediately and coagulates
Glue, is added dropwise to complete rear static crosslinking 4h and produces spherical fixation support.
Further, a diameter of 1~5cm of the spheroid, preferably 3cm.
Further, temperature is 100~150 DEG C in the high-pressure sterilizing pot, and pressure is 1.2~1.5Pa.
Further, the temperature of the hot distilled water is 50~70 DEG C, preferably 60 DEG C.
Further, the time of shaken cultivation is 5~10 days, preferably 7 days in the step (1).
Further, the fermentation temperature of step (2) fermentation stage be 20~30 DEG C, preferably 25 DEG C, fermentation period be 7~
16 days, preferably 10 days, fermentation pH was 4~7, preferably 6.5.
Further, the volume of net cage is 1m in the step (2)3, aperture is 0.5~1mm.Cigarette in the step (2)
The amount that careless discarded object is placed in net cage is 5 kilograms, and fermented by white rot fungus liquid is about 1.5L in fermentation vat.
Further, the elution time in step (3) the elution stage is 6~16 hours, the pouring of preferably described step (3)
The time is washed for 6~10 hours.More preferably 8 hours.
Further, the leacheate of step (3) the elution stage outflow repeats use by filtering out the water after filter residue
In elution, realize recycling and reduce environmental pollution.The filtering is filtered using activated carbon and sandstone.
Further, before step (4), repeat step (2)~(3) 1~3 time, it is necessary to which inoculation is carried before repeating every time
Body takes out, and will be reused after inoculation carrier repeat step (1) inoculation.
The content of cellulose reaches 89.9%.
In step (1), after inoculation carrier cleaning, it is ensured that spherome surface is without many remaining mediums, and intrapore training
Support base to preserve again completely, it is easy to the implantation of later stage fermentation bacterium.
Fermentation described in step (2), it is laggard that the specific preparation process of potato Glucose Liquid boils 30min for 200g potatoes
Row filtering, the liquid obtained after being mixed after filtrate cooling with 20g glucose.
In the elution stage described in step (3), thin Fluid Dynamics rainfall elution can effectively reduce the loss of cellulose, significantly
Improve recovery rate.The inoculation ball added in net cage, on the one hand can increase frictional force and faster remove organic debris；On the other hand
The live flora lost by elution can be made up.Further, the inoculation ball of addition is 30.Specific time reference elution
Eluate situation, eluate for clarification shape.The mixing of material in lessivation, by the way that net cage is carried out into upset realization.
The fermentation that the present invention is used-ELUTION METHOD extract cellulose in tobacco waste, hemicellulose, lignin, can
Organic solvent is not used in soluble substance, and extraction process；The method used is simple, energy-conserving and environment-protective, using white-rot fungi
Tobacco waste is handled, cellulose is extracted, the DNA purity of cellulose is high, and the cycle time for extracting cellulose is short, and cost is low, carries
Take rate high, pollution is few.Using the tobacco-containing material gone out of use as raw material, the utilization model of crops tobacco waste is greatly expanded
Enclose, solve the pollution problem that current tobacco waste is brought, the wide market of this method.With simple water alcohol method at present,
Oxidation-reduction method, extraction efficiency is higher, and the three wastes of generation are less.
Embodiment
As described below is the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and what the present invention was protected is not limited to the following side of being preferable to carry out
Formula.It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art on the basis of this innovation and creation design, some deformations for making and
Improve, belong to protection scope of the present invention.
The tobacco waste refers to discarded tobacco, offal, tobacco leaf leftover bits and pieces, cigarette leftover bits and pieces or other production of cigarettes
During a large amount of byproducts etc..It can also be tobacco.
Embodiment 1
Step (1) is inoculated with the preparation of carrier：Using tobacco waste as liquid fermentation matrix, white-rot fungi is subjected to liquid deep
After being centrifuged after layer fermentation, supernatant liquor is taken, adding potato liquid of glucose, (200g potatoes boil to be filtered after 30min, filtrate
Obtained after being mixed after cooling with 20g glucose) the potato liquid of glucose of white-rot fungi is prepared into after mixing；Measure white rot true
The enzyme activity of white-rot fungi is 3.0IU/ml in fermented liquid, stand-by；30 inoculation spheroids (a diameter of 5cm) are placed in and filled by potato
(mass ratio is 5 to liquid of glucose with agar:1) (temperature is 100 DEG C to the high-pressure sterilizing pot of the agar medium prepared, and pressure is
Sterilize, clean the agar of carrier surface with hot distilled water (temperature be 70 DEG C) in 1.2Pa) after cooling, it is ensured that spherome surface without
Many remaining mediums, and intrapore culture medium preserves complete, and carrier shakes in 1L fermented by white rot fungus liquid after cleaning
Culture is swung, the time of shaken cultivation is 7 days, stand-by；
Step (2) is fermented：Fill 5 kilograms of tobacco wastes net cage (volume of net cage be 1m3, aperture is 0.5~1mm)
It is placed in the fermentation vat for having added 1.5L fermented by white rot fungus liquid and submerges fermentation；Fermentation temperature is 20 DEG C, and fermentation period is 7 days,
The pH that ferments is 4；
Step (3) elutes the stage：The net cage equipped with residues described in step (2) is taken out from fermentation vat, plus
Enter the inoculation carrier of step (1) preparation, water flow simulation rainfall elution, precipitation speed is drenched between 0.25~0.5 mm hr
The time is washed for 16 hours, until cleaning fluid is clarification shape, is overturn net cage in elution；The leacheate of outflow is by using activity
The water that charcoal and sandstone are filtered out after filter residue is recycled and reused for elution；
Step (4)：Repeat step (2)~(3) 1 time, it is necessary to which inoculation carrier is taken out before repeating, inoculation carrier is repeated
Reused after step (1) inoculation；Remaining material takes out after the completion of step (3) is cleaned, drying, obtains high purity cellulose；
The content of cellulose reaches 76.5%.
Embodiment 2
Step (1) is inoculated with the preparation of carrier：Using tobacco waste as liquid fermentation matrix, white-rot fungi is subjected to liquid deep
After being centrifuged after layer fermentation, supernatant liquor is taken, adding potato liquid of glucose, (200g potatoes boil to be filtered after 30min, filtrate
Obtained after being mixed after cooling with 20g glucose) the potato liquid of glucose of white-rot fungi is prepared into after mixing；Measure white rot true
The enzyme activity of white-rot fungi is 3.0IU/ml in fermented liquid, stand-by；30 inoculation spheroids (a diameter of 3cm) are placed in and filled by potato
(mass ratio is 5 to liquid of glucose with agar:1) (temperature is 150 DEG C to the high-pressure sterilizing pot of the agar medium prepared, and pressure is
Sterilize, clean the agar of carrier surface with hot distilled water (temperature be 50 DEG C) in 1.5Pa) after cooling, it is ensured that spherome surface without
Many remaining mediums, and intrapore culture medium preserves complete, and carrier shakes in 1L fermented by white rot fungus liquid after cleaning
Culture is swung, the time of shaken cultivation is 10 days, stand-by；
Step (2) is fermented：Fill 5 kilograms of tobacco wastes net cage (volume of net cage be 1m3, aperture is 0.5~1mm)
It is placed in the fermentation vat for having added 1.5L fermented by white rot fungus liquid and submerges fermentation；Fermentation temperature is 25 DEG C, and fermentation period is 10 days,
The pH that ferments is 6.5；
Step (3) elutes the stage：The net cage equipped with residues described in step (2) is taken out from fermentation vat, plus
Enter the inoculation carrier of step (1) preparation, water flow simulation rainfall elution, precipitation speed elutes the time between 1~2 mm hr
For 8 hours, until cleaning fluid is clarification shape, net cage is overturn in elution；The leacheate of outflow is by using activated carbon and sand
The water that stone is filtered out after filter residue is recycled and reused for elution；
Step (4)：Repeat step (2)~(3) 2 times, it is necessary to which inoculation carrier is taken out before repeating every time, will be inoculated with carrier
Reused after repeat step (1) inoculation；Remaining material takes out after the completion of step (3) is cleaned, drying, obtains high-purity fiber
Element；The content of cellulose reaches 89.9%.
Embodiment 3
Step (1) is inoculated with the preparation of carrier：Using tobacco waste as liquid fermentation matrix, white-rot fungi is subjected to liquid deep
After being centrifuged after layer fermentation, supernatant liquor is taken, adding potato liquid of glucose, (200g potatoes boil to be filtered after 30min, filtrate
Obtained after being mixed after cooling with 20g glucose) the potato liquid of glucose of white-rot fungi is prepared into after mixing；Measure white rot true
The enzyme activity of white-rot fungi is 3.0IU/ml in fermented liquid, stand-by；30 inoculation spheroids (a diameter of 1cm) are placed in and filled by potato
(mass ratio is 5 to liquid of glucose with agar:1) (temperature is 120 DEG C to the high-pressure sterilizing pot of the agar medium prepared, and pressure is
Sterilize, clean the agar of carrier surface with hot distilled water (temperature be 60 DEG C) in 1.2Pa) after cooling, it is ensured that spherome surface without
Many remaining mediums, and intrapore culture medium preserves complete, and carrier shakes in 1L fermented by white rot fungus liquid after cleaning
Culture is swung, the time of shaken cultivation is 5 days, stand-by；
Step (2) is fermented：Fill 5 kilograms of tobacco wastes net cage (volume of net cage be 1m3, aperture is 0.5~1mm)
It is placed in the fermentation vat for having added 1.5L fermented by white rot fungus liquid and submerges fermentation；Fermentation temperature is 30 DEG C, and fermentation period is 7 days,
The pH that ferments is 7,
Step (3) elutes the stage：The net cage equipped with residues described in step (2) is taken out from fermentation vat, plus
Enter the inoculation carrier of step (1) preparation, water flow simulation rainfall elution, precipitation speed elutes the time between 3~4 mm hrs
For 6 hours, until cleaning fluid is clarification shape, net cage is overturn in elution；The leacheate of outflow is by using activated carbon and sand
The water that stone is filtered out after filter residue is recycled and reused for elution；
Step (4)：Repeat step (2)~(3) 3 times, it is necessary to which inoculation carrier is taken out before repeating every time, will be inoculated with carrier
Reused after repeat step (1) inoculation；Remaining material takes out after the completion of step (3) is cleaned, drying, obtains high-purity fiber
Element；The content of cellulose reaches 85.0%.
Embodiment 4
Step (1) is inoculated with the preparation of carrier：Using tobacco waste as liquid fermentation matrix, white-rot fungi is subjected to liquid deep
After being centrifuged after layer fermentation, supernatant liquor is taken, adding potato liquid of glucose, (200g potatoes boil to be filtered after 30min, filtrate
Obtained after being mixed after cooling with 20g glucose) the potato liquid of glucose of white-rot fungi is prepared into after mixing；Measure white rot true
The enzyme activity of white-rot fungi is 3.0IU/ml in fermented liquid, stand-by；30 inoculation spheroids (a diameter of 5cm) are placed in and filled by potato
(mass ratio is 5 to liquid of glucose with agar:1) (temperature is 100 DEG C to the high-pressure sterilizing pot of the agar medium prepared, and pressure is
Sterilize, clean the agar of carrier surface with hot distilled water (temperature be 70 DEG C) in 1.2Pa) after cooling, it is ensured that spherome surface without
Many remaining mediums, and intrapore culture medium preserves complete, and carrier shakes in 1L fermented by white rot fungus liquid after cleaning
Culture is swung, the time of shaken cultivation is 10 days, stand-by；
Step (2) is fermented：Fill 5 kilograms of tobacco wastes net cage (volume of net cage be 1m3, aperture is 0.5~1mm)
It is placed in the fermentation vat for having added 1.5L fermented by white rot fungus liquid and submerges fermentation；Fermentation temperature is 30 DEG C, and fermentation period is 12 days,
The pH that ferments is 6,
Step (3) elutes the stage：The net cage equipped with residues described in step (2) is taken out from fermentation vat, plus
Enter the inoculation carrier of step (1) preparation, water flow simulation rainfall elution, precipitation speed is eluted between 2.5~3.5 mm hrs
Time is 12 hours, until cleaning fluid is clarification shape, is overturn net cage in elution；The leacheate of outflow is by using activated carbon
The water filtered out with sandstone after filter residue is recycled and reused for elution；
Step (4)：Repeat step (2)~(3) 2 times, it is necessary to which inoculation carrier is taken out before repeating every time, will be inoculated with carrier
Reused after repeat step (1) inoculation；Remaining material takes out after the completion of step (3) is cleaned, drying, obtains high-purity fiber
Element；The content of cellulose reaches 88.1%.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of method that cellulose is extracted from tobacco waste, it is characterised in that concretely comprise the following steps：
Step (1) is inoculated with the preparation of carrier：The carrier of immobilization is placed in the high-pressure sterilizing pot for fill agar medium and sterilized, cold
But the agar of carrier surface is cleaned with hot distilled water afterwards, after cleaning by carrier in fermented by white rot fungus liquid shaken cultivation, treat
With；
Step (2) is fermented：The net cage for filling tobacco waste is placed in submergence hair in the fermentation vat for having added fermented by white rot fungus liquid
Ferment；
Step (3) elutes the stage：The net cage equipped with residues described in step (2) is taken out from fermentation vat, step is added
Suddenly the inoculation carrier that prepared by (1), water flow simulation rainfall elution, until cleaning fluid is clarification shape, overturns net cage in elution；
Step (4)：Remaining material takes out after the completion of step (3) is cleaned, drying, obtains high purity cellulose.
2. the method according to claim 1 that cellulose is extracted from tobacco waste, it is characterised in that described white rot
The preparation process of fungal fermented filtrate is as follows：Using tobacco waste as liquid fermentation matrix, white-rot fungi is subjected to deep liquid hair
After being centrifuged after ferment, supernatant liquor is taken, the potato liquid of glucose that white-rot fungi is prepared into after potato liquid of glucose is mixed is added；
The enzyme activity for measuring white-rot fungi in fermented by white rot fungus liquid is 3.0IU/ml；
The specific preparation process of potato liquid of glucose is to be filtered after potato boils, and is mixed after filtrate cooling with glucose
Liquid；
The agar medium refers to the agar medium prepared by potato liquid of glucose and agar.
3. the method according to claim 1 that cellulose is extracted from tobacco waste, it is characterised in that the current mould
Intending rainfall elution refers to the precipitation speed of elution between 0.25~4.0 mm hr.
4. the method according to claim 1 that cellulose is extracted from tobacco waste, it is characterised in that step (1) institute
The carrier for the immobilization stated is instilled in calcium chloride and boric acid solution by raw material of polyvinyl alcohol, sodium alginate and activated carbon and is crosslinked instead
The spheroid that should be prepared from.
5. the method according to claim 1 that cellulose is extracted from tobacco waste, it is characterised in that step (2) is sent out
The fermentation temperature in ferment stage is 20~30 DEG C, and fermentation period is 7~16 days, and fermentation pH is 4~7, net cage described in step (2)
Volume is 1m3, aperture is 0.5~1mm；The amount that tobacco waste is placed in net cage in the step (2) is 5 kilograms, fermentation
Fermented by white rot fungus liquid is about 1.5L in pond.
6. the method according to claim 1 that cellulose is extracted from tobacco waste, it is characterised in that step (3) institute
The elution time for stating the elution stage is 6~16 hours.
7. the method according to claim 1 that cellulose is extracted from tobacco waste, it is characterised in that in step (4)
Before, repeat step (2)~(3) 1~3 time, it is necessary to which inoculation carrier is taken out before repeating every time, will be inoculated with carrier repeat step
(1) reused after being inoculated with.
8. the method according to claim 1 that cellulose is extracted from tobacco waste, it is characterised in that step (1) institute
State a diameter of 1~5cm of spheroid；Temperature is 100~150 DEG C in the high-pressure sterilizing pot, and pressure is 1.2~1.5Pa；The heat
The temperature of distilled water is 50~70 DEG C；The time of the shaken cultivation is 5~10 days.
9. the method according to claim 1 that cellulose is extracted from tobacco waste, it is characterised in that the step
(3) leacheate of elution stage outflow is recycled and reused for elution by filtering out the water after filter residue.
10. the method according to claim 3 that cellulose is extracted from tobacco waste, it is characterised in that the current
Simulated rainfall elution refers to the precipitation speed of elution between 1~2 mm hr.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN115821616A (en) * | 2022-11-08 | 2023-03-21 | 湖北中烟工业有限责任公司 | Preparation method of cigarette carton material |
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| CN115821616B (en) * | 2022-11-08 | 2024-05-31 | 湖北中烟工业有限责任公司 | Preparation method of carton material for cigarettes |
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| CN107245893B (en) | 2019-01-04 |
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