CN107243332A - 一种负载聚苯乙烯磺酸钠改性纳米铁的膨润土吸附剂及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种负载聚苯乙烯磺酸钠改性纳米铁的膨润土吸附剂及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN107243332A
CN107243332A CN201611197980.4A CN201611197980A CN107243332A CN 107243332 A CN107243332 A CN 107243332A CN 201611197980 A CN201611197980 A CN 201611197980A CN 107243332 A CN107243332 A CN 107243332A
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罗彦保
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种负载聚苯乙烯磺酸钠改性纳米铁的膨润土吸附剂及其制备方法，其特征在于，是由以下重量份的原料制成：钠基膨润土30‑50，活性炭5‑10，硝酸银溶液10‑15，FeSO4·7H2O 10‑20，KBH4 5‑10，NaOH 20‑30，脱氧水适量，去离子水30‑80，脱氧乙醇20‑100，乙醇20‑40；本发明引入的载银活性炭，一方面可以增大膨润土的比表面积，从而增加吸附剂与污染物的接触面积，提高吸附效率；另一方面银粒子可以激活已经失活的纳米铁催化剂，提高催化活性、净化效果，同时延长使用寿命；利用聚苯乙烯磺酸钠对吸附剂进行改性，稳定分散吸附剂，促进其在水中的迁移。

Description

一种负载聚苯乙烯磺酸钠改性纳米铁的膨润土吸附剂及其制 备方法
技术领域
本发明属于地下水净化领域，具体涉及一种负载聚苯乙烯磺酸钠改性纳米铁的膨润土吸附剂及其制备方法。
背景技术
膨润土是以蒙脱石为主要成分的天然纳米吸附材料，阳离子交换容量大，对污染物具有较强的吸附能力，近年来被广泛应用于工业废水中有机污染物、重金属的吸附处理。此外，膨润土还广泛应用于石油、日用、化工、能源和环保等领域。纳米铁相比于普通铁颗粒，活性高，去污效果快。近年来，地下水中的重金属六价铬污染日益受到重视，纳米铁可以有效地将六价铬还原成毒性小、迁移性差的三价铬，使其沉淀固定下来，从而将污染源区的污染物消减固定，防止其向周围扩散，有利于达到进一步控制消除的目标。但是纳米铁颗粒小，所以极易团聚，易氧化失活，因此，解决纳米铁的团聚问题并提高稳定性，成为研究的热点。
李晨桦在《膨润土负载纳米铁去除地下水中六价铬研究》中，利用FeSO4·7H2O和钠基膨润土制备了一种去除六价铬的吸附剂，但是还存在着比表面积小、纳米铁易失活、吸附效率低等问题。
发明内容
基于以上思考，本发明旨在提供一种比表面积大、吸附效率高、使用寿命长的膨润土吸附剂。
本发明所要解决的技术问题采用以下的技术方案实现：
一种负载聚苯乙烯磺酸钠改性纳米铁的膨润土吸附剂，其特征在于，是由以下重量份的原料制成：
聚苯乙烯磺酸钠3-4，钠基膨润土30-50，活性炭5-10，乙二胺2-3，硝酸银溶液10-15，FeSO4·7H2O 10-20，豆油1-2，KBH4 5-10，NaOH 20-30，脱氧水20-100，去离子水30-80，脱氧乙醇20-100，乙醇20-40；
所述硝酸银溶液的质量分数为1-2%；NaOH溶液的质量分数为0.1-1%。
所述的一种负载聚苯乙烯磺酸钠改性纳米铁的膨润土吸附剂的制备方法，其特征在于，是由以下步骤制成：
a. 将活性炭加入到乙醇中，超声分散均匀后，浸泡1-2h，过滤并烘干；将硝酸银溶液滴加到烘干的活性炭中，并不断搅拌，使其润湿均匀，然后将湿润的活性炭干燥后置于 300-500℃下煅烧20-80min，得到载银活性炭；
b. 将步骤a所得载银活性炭、钠基膨润土加入到去离子水中，持续搅拌20-25h，使其充分分散后，向其中加入FeSO4·7H2O，再持续搅拌20-25h 后，在氮气保护下，加入脱氧乙醇；
c. 将KBH4溶于NaOH中，搅拌条件下滴加到步骤b所得混合液中，立即出现黑色沉淀；滴加完毕后，持续搅拌20-40min，过滤并用脱氧水、脱氧乙醇洗涤2-3次，烘干，即得负载纳米铁、银、活性炭的膨润土混合物。
d. 将聚苯乙烯磺酸钠、豆油、乙二胺与步骤d所得混合物混合于20-50份脱氧水中，搅拌20 -30min，过滤、洗涤烘干即可。
所述的一种负载聚苯乙烯磺酸钠改性纳米铁的膨润土吸附剂的制备方法，其特征在于，所用钠基膨润土使用前需要过200-300目筛。
本发明的有益效果是：KBH4在碱性条件下可将二价铁还原为零价铁，粘附在膨润土上，解决了纳米铁分散性差限制应用的缺点，又有利于经济型粘土矿物的广泛应用；纳米铁可以有效地将六价铬还原成毒性小、迁移性差的三价铬，使其沉淀固定下来，从而将污染源区的污染物消减固定，防止其向周围扩散，有利于达到进一步控制消除的目标；硝酸银通过高温煅烧会生成单质银，负载在活性炭上，将其引入吸附体系，一方面活性炭可以增大膨润土的比表面积，从而增加吸附剂与污染物的接触面积，提高吸附效率；另一方面银粒子可以激活已经失活的纳米铁催化剂，提高催化活性、净化效果，同时延长使用寿命；利用聚苯乙烯磺酸钠对吸附剂进行改性，稳定分散吸附剂，促进其在水中的迁移。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明的具体实施方式作进一步描述。
实施例
一种负载聚苯乙烯磺酸钠改性纳米铁的膨润土吸附剂，其特征在于，是由以下重量份的原料制成：
聚苯乙烯磺酸钠4，钠基膨润土50，活性炭10，乙二胺3，硝酸银溶液15，FeSO4·7H2O20，豆油2，KBH4 10，NaOH 30，脱氧水100，去离子水80，脱氧乙醇100，乙醇40；
所述硝酸银溶液的质量分数为1-2%；NaOH溶液的质量分数为0.1-1%。
所述的一种负载聚苯乙烯磺酸钠改性纳米铁的膨润土吸附剂的制备方法，其特征在于，是由以下步骤制成：
a. 将活性炭加入到乙醇中，超声分散均匀后，浸泡1-2h，过滤并烘干；将硝酸银溶液滴加到烘干的活性炭中，并不断搅拌，使其润湿均匀，然后将湿润的活性炭干燥后置于 300-500℃下煅烧20-80min，得到载银活性炭；
b. 将步骤a所得载银活性炭、钠基膨润土加入到去离子水中，持续搅拌20-25h，使其充分分散后，向其中加入FeSO4·7H2O，再持续搅拌20-25h 后，在氮气保护下，加入脱氧乙醇；
c. 将KBH4溶于NaOH中，搅拌条件下滴加到步骤b所得混合液中，立即出现黑色沉淀；滴加完毕后，持续搅拌20-40min，过滤并用脱氧水、脱氧乙醇洗涤2-3次，烘干，即得负载纳米铁、银、活性炭的膨润土混合物；
d. 将聚苯乙烯磺酸钠、豆油、乙二胺与步骤d所得混合物混合于20-50份脱氧水中，搅拌20 -30min，过滤、洗涤烘干即可。
所述的一种负载聚苯乙烯磺酸钠改性纳米铁的膨润土吸附剂的制备方法，其特征在于，所用钠基膨润土使用前需要过200-300目筛。
本发明的性能测试数据为：反应40min后，六价铬去除率≥90%。

Claims (3)

1.一种负载聚苯乙烯磺酸钠改性纳米铁的膨润土吸附剂，其特征在于，是由以下重量份的原料制成：
聚苯乙烯磺酸钠3-4，钠基膨润土30-50，活性炭5-10，乙二胺2-3，硝酸银溶液10-15，FeSO4·7H2O 10-20，豆油1-2，KBH4 5-10，NaOH 20-30，脱氧水20-100，去离子水30-80，脱氧乙醇20-100，乙醇20-40；
所述硝酸银溶液的质量分数为1-2%；NaOH溶液的质量分数为0.1-1%。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种负载聚苯乙烯磺酸钠改性纳米铁的膨润土吸附剂的制备方法，其特征在于，是由以下步骤制成：
a. 将活性炭加入到乙醇中，超声分散均匀后，浸泡1-2h，过滤并烘干；将硝酸银溶液滴加到烘干的活性炭中，并不断搅拌，使其润湿均匀，然后将湿润的活性炭干燥后置于 300-500℃下煅烧20-80min，得到载银活性炭；
b. 将步骤a所得载银活性炭、钠基膨润土加入到去离子水中，持续搅拌20-25h，使其充分分散后，向其中加入FeSO4·7H2O，再持续搅拌20-25h 后，在氮气保护下，加入脱氧乙醇；
c. 将KBH4溶于NaOH中，搅拌条件下滴加到步骤b所得混合液中，立即出现黑色沉淀；滴加完毕后，持续搅拌20-40min，过滤并用脱氧水、脱氧乙醇洗涤2-3次，烘干，即得负载纳米铁、银、活性炭的膨润土混合物；
d. 将聚苯乙烯磺酸钠、豆油、乙二胺与步骤d所得混合物混合于20-50份脱氧水中，搅拌20 -30min，过滤、洗涤烘干即可。
3.根据权利要求2所述的一种负载聚苯乙烯磺酸钠改性纳米铁的膨润土吸附剂的制备方法，其特征在于，所用钠基膨润土使用前需要过200-300目筛。
CN201611197980.4A 2016-12-22 2016-12-22 一种负载聚苯乙烯磺酸钠改性纳米铁的膨润土吸附剂及其制备方法 Pending CN107243332A (zh)

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CN108795193A (zh) * 2018-05-18 2018-11-13 郦璋 一种水性丙烯酸酯防腐涂料的制备方法
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