CN107242255B - Plant insecticide for repelling and killing mosquitoes and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Plant insecticide for repelling and killing mosquitoes and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN107242255B CN107242255B CN201710568834.6A CN201710568834A CN107242255B CN 107242255 B CN107242255 B CN 107242255B CN 201710568834 A CN201710568834 A CN 201710568834A CN 107242255 B CN107242255 B CN 107242255B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
- A01N65/08—Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
- A01N65/38—Solanaceae [Potato family], e.g. nightshade, tomato, tobacco or chilli pepper
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/30—Against vector-borne diseases, e.g. mosquito-borne, fly-borne, tick-borne or waterborne diseases whose impact is exacerbated by climate change
Abstract
The invention relates to a botanical insecticide for repelling mosquitoes and killing mosquitoes and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the field of insecticides. A botanical insecticide for repelling mosquitoes and killing mosquitoes is composed of the following raw materials: 2.5 to 3.5 weight portions of rhododendron molle, 0.8 to 1.2 weight portions of peganum harmala, 1.6 to 2.4 weight portions of henbane, 0.8 to 1.2 weight portions of aconitum carmichaeli and 4.1 to 5.9 weight portions of fresh purslane; wherein the rhododendron molle adopts flowers and stems and leaves, and the weight ratio of the flowers to the stems and leaves is 3: 6-8. The invention also discloses a preparation method of the botanical insecticide. The botanical insecticide for repelling mosquitoes and killing mosquitoes and the preparation method thereof have the advantages of scientific compatibility, good effect, good quality, low cost, comprehensive prevention and control effect, and long efficacy and prevention and control time. The preparation method can effectively extract the effective components of the traditional Chinese medicines, saves energy consumption, has advanced process, can effectively monitor the product quality, and has high product stability, strong market competitiveness and long service life of the product.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of insecticides, and particularly relates to a botanical insecticide for repelling mosquitoes and killing mosquitoes and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Mosquitoes (larvae are wigglers) are one of four pests of the world, which transmit malaria, filariasis (lymphofilariasis and onchocerciasis), encephalitis b, dengue fever, and yellow fever, and these "mosquito-borne diseases" endanger three billion people worldwide, causing millions of deaths each year. The insect pests which are a great deal of occurrences and hazards in a plurality of regions in China and can directly endanger human lives in local regions in northern Xinjiang. At present, chemical preparations are mostly adopted for repelling mosquitoes and killing mosquitoes, and have good control effect, but environmental pollution caused by the chemical preparations harms ecological balance; along with the development of society, people pay more and more attention to environmental protection, and chemical preparations can not meet the requirements of green and environmental protection of human beings; and has the defects of high residue, high cost, easy generation of drug resistance of mosquitoes and the like. Therefore, a medicament which has broad spectrum, high efficiency, quick degradation, low residue and small influence on the environment is urgently needed to replace, and the botanical pesticide is a better choice.
The botanical pesticide is extracted from natural plants, can be rapidly degraded, has no environmental problem, has strong selectivity, low toxicity to human beings, unique action mechanism, difficult generation of drug resistance of mosquitoes and the like, has the advantages of no environmental pollution, no phytotoxicity, disease and pest control and the like, meets the green and environmental protection requirements of human beings, and becomes a new generation of pest killing preparation with potential and research value. In the unique plants in China, more than 1000 kinds of plants with the insect control activity exist, and rich resources are provided for the development of the insecticides. The chemical research on over 40 ten thousand plant secondary metabolites and less than 10 percent of the plant secondary metabolites leaves a lot of blank to be deeply researched, developed and utilized. At present, a new pesticide needs to be synthesized internationally, tens of thousands of compounds need to be synthesized, time and cost are consumed, and if the new pesticide is unreasonably used, the pesticide resistance is easily generated, and the using effect and the commodity life are influenced. The botanical insecticide overcomes the defects and has extremely large market potential.
The preparation of the conventional botanical insecticide mainly adopts the following steps: the method comprises the steps of plant selection, proportioning, mixing, component extraction, addition of an auxiliary agent, finished product packaging and the like, the process is easy to have the defects of unscientific compatibility, difficult quality control, unavailable residual slag and the like, and the produced product has unstable quality and influences the application effect and the service life of the product.
In view of the above, there is a need for a botanical insecticide with stable product quality and good effect for repelling and killing mosquitoes and a preparation method thereof.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a botanical insecticide for repelling mosquitoes and killing mosquitoes, which has scientific compatibility, good effect and low cost.
In order to realize the purpose, the adopted technical scheme is as follows:
a botanical insecticide for repelling mosquitoes and killing mosquitoes comprises the following components: 2.5 to 3.5 weight portions of rhododendron molle, 0.8 to 1.2 weight portions of peganum harmala, 1.6 to 2.4 weight portions of henbane, 0.8 to 1.2 weight portions of aconitum carmichaeli and 4.1 to 5.9 weight portions of fresh purslane; wherein the rhododendron molle adopts flowers and stems and leaves, and the weight ratio of the flowers to the stems and leaves is 3: 6-8.
Further, the botanical insecticide comprises the following components: 3.0 parts of rhododendron molle, 1.0 part of peganum harmala, 2.0 parts of henbane, 1.0 part of aconitum carmichaeli and 5.0 parts of fresh purslane.
Furthermore, the weight ratio of the flowers to the stems and leaves in the Chinese azalea flower is 3:7.
The invention also aims to provide the preparation method of the botanical insecticide, which has the advantages of controllable quality, stable quality of the produced product, good effect, strong market competitiveness and long product life.
In order to realize the purpose, the adopted technical scheme is as follows:
a preparation method of a botanical insecticide for repelling mosquitoes and killing mosquitoes comprises the following steps:
(1) cleaning flos Rhododendri mollis, semen Pegani Harmalae, semen hyoscyami, radix Aconiti Kusnezoffii and fresh herba Portulacae, and draining to obtain flos Rhododendri mollis, semen Pegani Harmalae, semen hyoscyami, radix Aconiti and fresh herba Portulacae;
(2) mixing the dried flos Rhododendri mollis, the dried semen Pegani Harmalae and the dried semen hyoscyami to obtain mixed medicinal materials; adding water into the mixed medicinal materials, performing warm-immersion extraction at 70-80 ℃ in dynamic oscillation for 180 minutes, and filtering to obtain a mixed medicinal material filtrate; the amount of water in the mixed medicinal materials is 8-12 times of the total amount of the rhododendron molle, the peganum harmala and the henbane;
adding water 5-7 times the amount of radix Aconiti into the dried radix Aconiti Kusnezoffii, soaking and extracting at room temperature for 2800 min at 2000-60 deg.C, heating to 50-60 deg.C, ultrasonic treating for 30-35 min, and filtering to obtain radix Aconiti Kusnezoffii filtrate;
crushing or superfine grinding the fresh purslane after the moisture is drained to obtain fresh purslane juice, and press-filtering the fresh purslane juice to obtain fresh purslane filtrate;
(3) uniformly mixing the mixed medicinal material filtrate, the aconite root filtrate and the fresh purslane filtrate to obtain a mixed solution;
(4) shearing the mixed solution for 17-23 minutes, grinding for not less than 4 times by a colloid mill, and homogenizing for not less than 4 times to obtain the botanical insecticide.
Further, the step (3) further comprises a checking and adjusting step; the checking and adjusting steps are as follows: detecting the content of alkaloid in the mixed solution, and entering the next step when the content of alkaloid is not less than 0.1%; when the content is less than 0.1%, adding the mixed medicinal material filtrate to make the alkaloid content not less than 0.1%.
Further, in the step (1), the amount of the rhododendron molle is 2.5-3.5 parts by weight, the amount of the peganum harmala is 0.8-1.2 parts by weight, the amount of the henbane is 1.6-2.4 parts by weight, the amount of the aconitum carmichaeli is 0.8-1.2 parts by weight, and the amount of the fresh purslane is 4.1-5.9 parts by weight; wherein the rhododendron molle adopts flowers and stems and leaves, and the weight ratio of the flowers to the stems and leaves is 3: 6-8.
Still further, in the step (1), the amount of the rhododendron molle is 3.0 parts by weight, the amount of the peganum harmala is 1.0 part by weight, the amount of the henbane is 2.0 parts by weight, the amount of the aconitum carmichaeli is 1.0 part by weight, and the amount of the fresh purslane is 5.0 parts by weight.
Furthermore, the weight ratio of the flowers to the stems and leaves in the Chinese azalea flower is 3:7.
Further, in the step (2), the mixed medicinal materials are added with water, soaked and extracted, and filtered by a sieve with 80-120 meshes;
after the ultrasonic treatment, filtering by using a 80-120-mesh sieve;
the fresh purslane juice is filtered by a sieve with 60-80 meshes and then is filtered and pressed;
in the step (4), the shearing rotation speed is 3000-3400rpm, and the homogenizing pressure is 22-28 MPa.
Further, in the step (2), water is added into the mixed medicinal materials, and after the mixed medicinal materials are extracted for 150 minutes at a temperature of 75 ℃, the mixed medicinal materials are sieved by a 100-mesh sieve to obtain a mixed medicinal material filtrate; the dosage of water in the mixed medicinal materials is 10 times of the total dosage of the rhododendron molle, the peganum harmala and the henbane;
adding water 6 times of the amount of the aconite into the dried aconite, leaching for 2400 minutes, heating to 55 ℃, performing ultrasonic treatment for 30 minutes, and sieving with a 100-mesh sieve to obtain an aconite filtrate;
in the step (4), the shearing rotation speed is 3200rpm, and the homogenizing pressure is 25 MPa.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the botanical insecticide for repelling mosquitoes and killing mosquitoes adopts rhododendron molle, peganum harmala, henbane, aconitum carmichaeli and fresh purslane as raw materials, which are common medicinal materials, and has low price and low cost.
2. The botanical insecticide for repelling mosquitoes and killing mosquitoes disclosed by the invention selects rhododendron molle, peganum harmala, henbane and aconitum carmichaeli as main medicaments, and is scientific and reasonable in compatibility; the traditional Chinese medicines contain different alkaloids, and toxic and medicinal components for killing and repelling mosquitoes, and have toxic and killing effects on various mosquitoes. In the invention, the rhodojaponin mainly plays a contact poisoning role, the aconitum carmichaeli mainly plays a stomach poisoning role, the henbane mainly plays a fumigation role for mosquitoes, and the peganum harmala mainly plays an infertility role, and the traditional Chinese medicines are mixed to achieve the effects of treating, interacting and superposing simultaneously and play a comprehensive prevention and treatment role for mosquitoes.
3. The plant insecticide for repelling mosquitoes and killing mosquitoes contains fresh purslane, is a natural bactericide, can prevent diseases caused by mosquito toxicity, and has the effects of nutrition, sterilization and disease prevention; it also contains biological glue, which is a good auxiliary agent, can ensure that the mixed raw medicine is not precipitated and not layered, and can form a stable medicine film on the object to be prevented and treated, thus improving the medicine effect and the preventing and treating time, improving the preventing effect by more than 30 percent compared with the conventional preparation, and improving the product performance.
4. The preparation method of the botanical insecticide for repelling mosquitoes and killing mosquitoes adopts a dynamic warm immersion method to extract the effective components of rhododendron molle, peganum harmala and henbane, and adopts a cold immersion method and an ultrasonic auxiliary method to extract the effective components of aconitum carmichaeli.
5. The preparation method of the botanical insecticide for repelling mosquitoes and killing mosquitoes comprises the steps of checking and adjusting, checking the content of alkaloid, effectively monitoring the quality of products, improving the stability of the products, improving the market competitiveness and prolonging the service life of the products.
6. The preparation method of the plant insecticide for repelling mosquitoes and killing mosquitoes adopts multiple physical means such as shearing and the like to improve the product performance, prevent layering and precipitation and realize high added value of the product.
Detailed Description
In order to further illustrate the botanical insecticide for repelling mosquitoes and killing mosquitoes and the preparation method thereof, which achieve the intended purpose of the invention, the following detailed description will be made on the detailed implementation mode, structure, characteristics and efficacy of the botanical insecticide for repelling mosquitoes and killing mosquitoes and the preparation method thereof according to the present invention with reference to the preferred embodiments. In the following description, different "one embodiment" or "an embodiment" refers to not necessarily the same embodiment. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments.
Before describing the plant pesticide for repelling mosquitoes and killing mosquitoes and the preparation method thereof in detail, the process, raw materials and the like mentioned in the invention need to be further described to achieve better effects.
The dynamic warm-soaking extraction process is characterized in that under the condition of increasing the specific surface area of medicinal materials, a mechanical means is utilized, and a forced circulation mode is adopted to increase solid-liquid phase contact. The dynamic extraction process has the following advantages: firstly, the medicinal materials have small specification, the extraction is sufficient, the extraction time is shortened (only 44 percent of the traditional extraction process), and the production efficiency is greatly improved; secondly, because the whole extraction process keeps constant temperature, the materials are heated uniformly, and the quality of the liquid medicine is improved; and thirdly, residues in the dynamic extraction technology of the traditional Chinese medicine can be utilized, the process is advanced, and the dynamic extraction technology is also beneficial to improving the working environment, saving energy and the like.
The preparation method of the botanical insecticide for repelling mosquitoes and killing mosquitoes mainly comprises the following steps: selecting plants, determining the proportion, extracting effective components (single and classified extraction), compounding, adjusting and inspecting, micronizing, homogenizing and the like.
The invention selects Chinese medicines with superior quality, and the national standard and the local standard of related Chinese medicinal materials are used as references in the standards of rhododendron molle, peganum harmala, henbane and aconite (not processed).
Flos Rhododendri mollis (Rhododendron molle, Rhododendron molle. And fourthly, harvesting the May flowers when the May flowers are just bloomed, and drying the May flowers in the shade or in the sun. The flower has strong toxicity to insects, and the nature of the flower belongs to contact toxicity and food-intake toxicity; the effective components of the andromedotoxin and photinin; it is also toxic to humans. The rhodojaponin has contact poisoning, stomach poisoning and fumigating effects on insects, and mainly plays a contact poisoning role in the invention. The invention adopts the flower and stem leaf of the rhododendron molle.
Semen Peganum harmala L.is seed of Peganum harmala L.of Zygophyllaceae, which is harvested in autumn when fruit is mature, rubbed off seed, cleaned of impurities, and dried in the sun. The peganum harmala has the effects of contact poisoning, stomach toxicity, sterility and the like on insects, and mainly plays a role in sterility in the invention.
Aconitum carmichaeli (radix Aconiti Kusnezoffii), radix Aconiti lateralis Preparata, fructus Rosae Laevigatae, herba Dubai grass, herba Cymbopogonis Citrari, herba Clinopodii Polycephali, herba Dugong, herba Siegesbeckiae, radix Aconiti Kusnezoffii of Ranunculaceae, radix Aconiti lateralis Preparata, radix Aconiti Kusnezoffii, radix Aconiti Vilmoriniani, radix Aconiti Brachypodi, radix Aconiti Szechenyian, radix Aconiti Sze. Aconitum carmichaeli has contact poisoning and stomach poisoning effects on insects, and mainly plays a stomach poisoning role in the invention.
Henbane, also known as henbane seed, syzygium cumini, toothache seed, and fructus dentis fumigatus, is dried mature seed of henbane Hyoscyamus niger L. Picking fruits when the pericarp turns yellow in summer and autumn, solarizing, seeding, sieving to remove pericarp and branch, and sun drying. Henbane has strong contact killing and fumigating effects, and plays a main role in fumigating.
Herba Portulacae (Portulaca oleracea L.) is prepared from Portulaca oleracea L.of Portulacaceae, and is also called Portulaca oleracea L.with whole herb as herba Portulacae, sow thistle, semen Benincasae, herba Portulacae, and herba Portulacae. Purslane is an annual herb, and the whole plant has no hair. Lying down with stems, spreading over the ground, and making the branches light green or dark red. The leaves are intergrown, the leaves are flat and thick, are like a crenellated shape, the upper part is dark green, and the lower part is light green or has dark red; the petiole is thick and short. The flower has no peduncle, and blooms in the noon; leaf-shaped; sepals are green and helmet-shaped; yellow petals, inverted egg shape; stamen anthers are yellow; the ovary has no hair. A capsule egg-shaped; the seeds are fine, inclined spherical, black brown and glossy. The purslane has an antibacterial effect, is a botanical bactericide, can prevent diseases caused by mosquito and insect carrying toxicity, and has the effects of nutrition, sterilization and disease prevention; it also contains biological glue, which is a good auxiliary agent, can ensure that the mixed raw medicine is not precipitated and not layered, and can form a stable medicine film on the object to be controlled. The fresh purslane is adopted, namely fresh purslane, and the fresh purslane is required to be fresh and edible, and has no lignification and no pest damage on the root and the overground part.
The stomach toxicity is caused by the fact that the pesticide enters the pest body through the mouth organ and the digestive tract of the pest to poison and kill the pest.
The contact killing effect refers to the killing effect of contact, and especially refers to the killing effect of pesticide on pests. When the pests contact the pesticide, the pesticide enters the pest body through the epidermis of the pest body to cause the pests to be poisoned and killed.
Fumigation, the gas of the medicament enters the human body through the respiratory system or epidermis of animals, which causes the normal physiological function to be destroyed or the medicament has toxic and dead effects.
With the above processes, raw materials and the like in mind, the plant pesticide for repelling and killing mosquitoes and the preparation method thereof according to the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following specific examples:
one embodiment of the invention
Example 1.
Preparing raw materials:
2.5kg of Chinese azalea flower (the mass ratio of the flower to the stem and the leaf is 3: 6);
0.8kg of peganum harmala;
1.6kg of henbane;
0.8kg of aconite;
4.1kg of fresh purslane.
The specific operation steps are as follows:
(1) weighing raw materials according to raw material preparation, cleaning the weighed rhododendron molle, peganum harmala, henbane, aconitum carmichaeli and fresh purslane, draining, and separately placing to obtain rhododendron molle after draining, peganum harmala after draining, henbane after draining, aconitum carmichaeli after draining, and fresh purslane after draining;
(2) mixing the dried flos Rhododendri mollis, the dried semen Pegani Harmalae and the dried semen hyoscyami to obtain mixed medicinal materials; extracting effective components from the mixed medicinal materials by dynamic warm-soaking method, namely adding 39.2kg of water into the mixed medicinal materials, performing warm-soaking extraction for 180 minutes at 70 ℃ in dynamic oscillation, and sieving with a 80-mesh sieve to obtain a mixed medicinal material filtrate;
extracting effective components from radix Aconiti Kusnezoffii by cold soaking and ultrasonic wave assisted method, namely adding 4kg water into the dried radix Aconiti Kusnezoffii, soaking and extracting at room temperature for 2800 min, heating to 50 deg.C, performing ultrasonic treatment for 35 min, and sieving with 80 mesh sieve to obtain radix Aconiti Kusnezoffii filtrate;
crushing the fresh purslane after the moisture is drained to obtain fresh purslane juice, and filtering and pressing the fresh purslane juice by a 80-mesh sieve to obtain fresh purslane filtrate;
(3) compounding: mixing the mixed medicinal material filtrate, the aconite root filtrate and the fresh purslane filtrate uniformly at normal temperature to obtain a mixed solution;
and (3) checking and adjusting: detecting the alkaloid content in the mixed solution, wherein the alkaloid content is lower than 0.1%, adding the mixed medicinal material filtrate to ensure that the alkaloid content is higher than 0.1%, and obtaining the mixed solution after reaching the standard;
(4) micronizing and homogenizing: shearing the mixed solution reaching the standard by using a high-speed shearing machine, wherein the rotating speed is 3000rpm, and the time is 23 minutes; grinding for 4 times by a colloid mill, and homogenizing for 4 times by a high-pressure homogenizer under the homogenizing pressures of 22MPa, 25MPa and 26MPa respectively to obtain the botanical pesticide. This step prevents delamination and precipitation.
(5) Vacuum packaging the botanical insecticide. When filling, the air in the package is pumped out and the opening is sealed to prevent the product from being oxidized.
The invention relates to a botanical insecticide for repelling mosquitoes and killing mosquitoes and a preparation method thereof, which selects rhododendron molle, peganum harmala, henbane and aconitum carmichaeli as main medicaments, all of which are common medicinal materials, have low price and scientific compatibility, and the traditional Chinese medicines contain different alkaloids, and have toxic and medicinal components for killing mosquitoes and mosquitoes, and have toxic and killing effects on various mosquitoes; in the invention, the rhodojaponin mainly plays a contact poisoning role, the aconitum carmichaeli mainly plays a stomach poisoning role, the henbane mainly plays a fumigation role on mosquitoes, the peganum harmala mainly plays an infertility role, and the traditional Chinese medicines are mixed to achieve a superimposed effect and play a comprehensive prevention and control role on mosquitoes; the fresh purslane contains biological glue, is a good auxiliary agent, can ensure that the mixed raw medicines are not precipitated and layered, can form a stable medicine film on a control object, and improves the medicine effect and the control time. The preparation method adopts a dynamic warm immersion method to extract the effective components of the rhododendron molle, the peganum harmala and the henbane, and adopts a cold immersion method and an ultrasonic auxiliary method to extract the effective components of the aconite, the method can effectively extract the effective components of the traditional Chinese medicines, saves energy consumption, can utilize residual dregs, and has advanced process; the inspection and adjustment steps in the process can effectively monitor the product quality, improve the product stability, improve the market competitiveness of the product and prolong the service life of the product.
Example 2.
Preparing raw materials:
3.5kg of Chinese azalea flower (the mass ratio of the flower to the stem and the leaf is 3: 8);
1.2kg of peganum harmala;
semen hyoscyami 2.4 kg;
1.2kg of aconite;
fresh purslane 5.9 kg.
The specific operation steps are as follows:
(1) weighing raw materials according to raw material preparation, cleaning the weighed rhododendron molle, peganum harmala, henbane, aconitum carmichaeli and fresh purslane, draining, and separately placing to obtain rhododendron molle after draining, peganum harmala after draining, henbane after draining, aconitum carmichaeli after draining, and fresh purslane after draining;
(2) mixing the dried flos Rhododendri mollis, the dried semen Pegani Harmalae and the dried semen hyoscyami to obtain mixed medicinal materials; extracting effective components from the mixed medicinal materials by dynamic warm-soaking method, namely adding 85.2kg of water into the mixed medicinal materials, performing warm-soaking extraction for 120 minutes at 80 ℃ in dynamic oscillation, and sieving with a 120-mesh sieve to obtain a filtrate of the mixed medicinal materials;
extracting effective components from radix Aconiti Kusnezoffii by cold soaking and ultrasonic wave-assisted method, namely adding 8.4kg water into the radix Aconiti Kusnezoffii after water is drained, soaking and extracting at room temperature for 2000 min, heating to 60 deg.C, performing ultrasonic treatment for 30 min, and sieving with 120 mesh sieve to obtain radix Aconiti Kusnezoffii filtrate;
carrying out superfine grinding on the fresh purslane after moisture control to obtain fresh purslane juice, and filtering the fresh purslane juice by a 60-mesh sieve to obtain fresh purslane filtrate;
(3) compounding: mixing the mixed medicinal material filtrate, the aconite root filtrate and the fresh purslane filtrate uniformly at normal temperature to obtain a mixed solution;
and (4) checking: detecting the content of alkaloid in the mixed solution, wherein the content is 0.1 percent, and the mixed solution reaches the standard and enters the next step.
(4) Micronizing and homogenizing: shearing the mixed solution by using a high-speed shearing machine, wherein the rotating speed is 3400rpm, and the time is 17 minutes; grinding for 5 times by a colloid mill, and homogenizing for 5 times by a high-pressure homogenizer under the homogenizing pressures of 23MPa, 24MPa, 25MPa, 26MPa and 28MPa respectively to obtain the botanical pesticide. This step prevents delamination and precipitation.
(5) Vacuum packaging the botanical insecticide. When filling, the air in the package is pumped out and the opening is sealed to prevent the product from being oxidized.
The invention relates to a botanical insecticide for repelling mosquitoes and killing mosquitoes and a preparation method thereof, which selects rhododendron molle, peganum harmala, henbane and aconitum carmichaeli as main medicaments, all of which are common medicinal materials, have low price and scientific compatibility, and the traditional Chinese medicines contain different alkaloids, and have toxic and medicinal components for killing mosquitoes and mosquitoes, and have toxic and killing effects on various mosquitoes; in the invention, the rhododendron molle mainly plays a contact poisoning role, the aconitum carmichaeli mainly plays a stomach poisoning role, the henbane mainly plays a fumigation role on mosquitoes, the peganum harmala mainly plays an infertility role, and the traditional Chinese medicines are mixed to achieve a superimposed effect and play a comprehensive prevention and treatment role; the fresh purslane contains biological glue, is a good auxiliary agent, can ensure that the mixed raw medicines are not precipitated and layered, can form a stable medicine film on a control object, and improves the medicine effect and the control time. The preparation method adopts a dynamic warm immersion method to extract the effective components of the rhododendron molle, the peganum harmala and the henbane, and adopts a cold immersion method and an ultrasonic auxiliary method to extract the effective components of the aconite, the method can effectively extract the effective components of the traditional Chinese medicines, saves energy consumption, can utilize residual dregs, and has advanced process; the inspection and adjustment steps in the process can effectively monitor the product quality, improve the product stability, improve the market competitiveness of the product and prolong the service life of the product.
Example 3.
Preparing raw materials:
3.0kg of Chinese azalea flower (the mass ratio of the flower to the stem and the leaf is 3: 7);
1.0kg of peganum harmala;
semen hyoscyami 2.0 kg;
1.0kg of aconite;
fresh purslane 5.0 kg.
The specific operation steps are as follows:
(1) weighing raw materials according to raw material preparation, cleaning the weighed rhododendron molle, peganum harmala, henbane, aconitum carmichaeli and fresh purslane, draining, and separately placing to obtain rhododendron molle after draining, peganum harmala after draining, henbane after draining, aconitum carmichaeli after draining, and fresh purslane after draining;
(2) mixing the dried flos Rhododendri mollis, the dried semen Pegani Harmalae and the dried semen hyoscyami to obtain mixed medicinal materials; extracting effective components from the mixed medicinal materials by dynamic warm-soaking method, namely adding 60kg of water into the mixed medicinal materials, performing warm-soaking extraction for 150 minutes at 75 ℃ in dynamic oscillation, and sieving with a 100-mesh sieve to obtain a mixed medicinal material filtrate;
extracting effective components from radix Aconiti Kusnezoffii by cold soaking and ultrasonic-assisted method, namely adding 6kg water into the dried radix Aconiti Kusnezoffii, soaking and extracting at room temperature for 2400 min, heating to 55 deg.C, performing ultrasonic treatment for 30 min, and sieving with 100 mesh sieve to obtain radix Aconiti filtrate;
carrying out superfine grinding on the fresh purslane after moisture control to obtain fresh purslane juice, and filtering the fresh purslane juice through a 70-mesh sieve to obtain fresh purslane filtrate;
(3) compounding: mixing the mixed medicinal material filtrate, the aconite root filtrate and the fresh purslane filtrate uniformly at normal temperature to obtain a mixed solution;
and (4) checking: detecting the content of alkaloid in the mixed solution, wherein the content is more than 0.1 percent and reaches the standard, and entering the next step.
(4) Micronizing and homogenizing: shearing the mixed solution by using a high-speed shearing machine, wherein the rotating speed is 3200rpm, and the time is 20 minutes; grinding for 5 times by a colloid mill, and homogenizing for 6 times by a high-pressure homogenizer with the homogenizing pressure of 25MPa for 6 times to obtain the botanical pesticide. This step prevents delamination and precipitation.
(5) Vacuum packaging the botanical insecticide. When filling, the air in the package is pumped out and the opening is sealed to prevent the product from being oxidized.
The invention relates to a botanical insecticide for repelling mosquitoes and killing mosquitoes and a preparation method thereof, which selects rhododendron molle, peganum harmala, henbane and aconitum carmichaeli as main medicaments, all of which are common medicinal materials, have low price and scientific compatibility, and the traditional Chinese medicines contain different alkaloids, and have toxic and medicinal components for killing mosquitoes and mosquitoes, and have toxic and killing effects on various mosquitoes; in the invention, the rhododendron molle mainly plays a contact poisoning role, the aconitum carmichaeli mainly plays a stomach poisoning role, the henbane mainly plays a fumigation role on mosquitoes, the peganum harmala mainly plays an infertility role, and the traditional Chinese medicines are mixed to achieve a superimposed effect and play a comprehensive prevention and treatment role; the fresh purslane contains biological glue, is a good auxiliary agent, can ensure that the mixed raw medicines are not precipitated and layered, can form a stable medicine film on a control object, and improves the medicine effect and the control time. The preparation method adopts a dynamic warm immersion method to extract the effective components of the rhododendron molle, the peganum harmala and the henbane, and adopts a cold immersion method and an ultrasonic auxiliary method to extract the effective components of the aconite, the method can effectively extract the effective components of the traditional Chinese medicines, saves energy consumption, can utilize residual dregs, and has advanced process; the inspection and adjustment steps in the process can effectively monitor the product quality, improve the product stability, improve the market competitiveness of the product and prolong the service life of the product.
Example 4.
Preparing raw materials:
2.7kg of Chinese azalea flower (the mass ratio of the flower to the stem and the leaf is 3: 6.5);
0.9kg of peganum harmala;
1.8kg of henbane;
0.9kg of aconite;
4.6kg of fresh purslane.
The specific operation steps are as follows:
(1) weighing raw materials according to raw material preparation, cleaning the weighed rhododendron molle, peganum harmala, henbane, aconitum carmichaeli and fresh purslane, draining, and separately placing to obtain rhododendron molle after draining, peganum harmala after draining, henbane after draining, aconitum carmichaeli after draining, and fresh purslane after draining;
(2) mixing the dried flos Rhododendri mollis, the dried semen Pegani Harmalae and the dried semen hyoscyami to obtain mixed medicinal materials; extracting effective components from the mixed medicinal materials by dynamic warm-soaking method, namely adding 48.6kg of water into the mixed medicinal materials, performing warm-soaking extraction for 160 minutes at 73 ℃ in dynamic oscillation, and sieving with a 110-mesh sieve to obtain a mixed medicinal material filtrate;
extracting effective components from radix Aconiti Kusnezoffii by cold soaking and ultrasonic wave assisted method, namely adding 5kg water into the dried radix Aconiti Kusnezoffii, soaking and extracting at room temperature for 2600 min, heating to 53 deg.C, performing ultrasonic treatment for 34 min, and sieving with 110 mesh sieve to obtain radix Aconiti Kusnezoffii filtrate;
crushing or superfine grinding the fresh purslane after moisture control to obtain fresh purslane juice, and filtering and pressing the fresh purslane juice through a 70-mesh sieve to obtain fresh purslane filtrate;
(3) compounding: mixing the mixed medicinal material filtrate, the aconite root filtrate and the fresh purslane filtrate uniformly at normal temperature to obtain a mixed solution;
and (3) checking and adjusting: detecting the content of alkaloid in the mixed solution, wherein the content is more than 0.1 percent and reaches the standard, and entering the next step.
(4) Micronizing and homogenizing: shearing the mixed solution by using a high-speed shearing machine, wherein the rotating speed is 3300rpm, and the time is 19 minutes; grinding for 6 times by a colloid mill, and homogenizing for 5 times by a high-pressure homogenizer, wherein the homogenizing pressure for 5 times is 23MPa, so as to obtain the botanical pesticide. This step prevents delamination and precipitation.
(5) Vacuum packaging the botanical insecticide. When filling, the air in the package is pumped out and the opening is sealed to prevent the product from being oxidized.
The invention relates to a botanical insecticide for repelling mosquitoes and killing mosquitoes and a preparation method thereof, which selects rhododendron molle, peganum harmala, henbane and aconitum carmichaeli as main medicaments, all of which are common medicinal materials, have low price and scientific compatibility, and the traditional Chinese medicines contain different alkaloids, and have toxic and medicinal components for killing mosquitoes and mosquitoes, and have toxic and killing effects on various mosquitoes; in the invention, the rhododendron molle mainly plays a contact poisoning role, the aconitum carmichaeli mainly plays a stomach poisoning role, the henbane mainly plays a fumigation role on mosquitoes, the peganum harmala mainly plays an infertility role, and the traditional Chinese medicines are mixed to achieve a superimposed effect and play a comprehensive prevention and treatment role; the fresh purslane contains biological glue, is a good auxiliary agent, can ensure that the mixed raw medicines are not precipitated and layered, can form a stable medicine film on a control object, and improves the medicine effect and the control time. The preparation method adopts a dynamic warm immersion method to extract the effective components of the rhododendron molle, the peganum harmala and the henbane, and adopts a cold immersion method and an ultrasonic auxiliary method to extract the effective components of the aconite, the method can effectively extract the effective components of the traditional Chinese medicines, saves energy consumption, can utilize residual dregs, and has advanced process; the inspection and adjustment steps in the process can effectively monitor the product quality, improve the product stability, improve the market competitiveness of the product and prolong the service life of the product.
Example 5.
Preparing raw materials:
3.2kg of Chinese azalea flower (the mass ratio of the flower to the stem and the leaf is 3: 7.5);
1.1kg of peganum harmala;
semen hyoscyami 2.2 kg;
1.1kg of aconite;
fresh purslane 5.5 kg.
The specific operation steps are as follows:
(1) weighing raw materials according to raw material preparation, cleaning the weighed rhododendron molle, peganum harmala, henbane, aconitum carmichaeli and fresh purslane, draining, and separately placing to obtain rhododendron molle after draining, peganum harmala after draining, henbane after draining, aconitum carmichaeli after draining, and fresh purslane after draining;
(2) mixing the dried flos Rhododendri mollis, the dried semen Pegani Harmalae and the dried semen hyoscyami to obtain mixed medicinal materials; extracting effective components from the mixed medicinal materials by dynamic warm-soaking method, namely adding 71.5kg of water into the mixed medicinal materials, performing warm-soaking extraction for 140 minutes at 78 ℃ in dynamic oscillation, and sieving with a 90-mesh sieve to obtain a mixed medicinal material filtrate;
extracting effective components from radix Aconiti Kusnezoffii by cold soaking and ultrasonic wave-assisted method, namely adding 7kg water into the dried radix Aconiti Kusnezoffii, soaking and extracting at room temperature for 2200 min, heating to 56 deg.C, performing ultrasonic treatment for 32 min, and sieving with 90 mesh sieve to obtain radix Aconiti filtrate;
carrying out superfine grinding on the fresh purslane after moisture control to obtain fresh purslane juice, and filtering the fresh purslane juice by a 65-mesh sieve to obtain fresh purslane filtrate;
(3) compounding: mixing the mixed medicinal material filtrate, the aconite root filtrate and the fresh purslane filtrate uniformly at normal temperature to obtain a mixed solution;
and (3) checking and adjusting: detecting the content of alkaloid in the mixed solution, wherein the content is more than 0.1 percent and reaches the standard, and entering the next step.
(4) Micronizing and homogenizing: shearing the mixed solution by a high-speed shearing machine at the rotation speed of 3100rpm for 22 minutes; grinding for 5 times by a colloid mill, and homogenizing for 4 times by a high-pressure homogenizer under the homogenizing pressures of 25MPa, 24MPa, 26MPa and 24MPa respectively to obtain the botanical pesticide. This step prevents delamination and precipitation.
(5) Vacuum packaging the botanical insecticide. When filling, the air in the package is pumped out and the opening is sealed to prevent the product from being oxidized.
The invention relates to a botanical insecticide for repelling mosquitoes and killing mosquitoes and a preparation method thereof, which selects rhododendron molle, peganum harmala, henbane and aconitum carmichaeli as main medicaments, all of which are common medicinal materials, have low price and scientific compatibility, and the traditional Chinese medicines contain different alkaloids, and have toxic and medicinal components for killing mosquitoes and mosquitoes, and have toxic and killing effects on various mosquitoes; in the invention, the rhododendron molle mainly plays a contact poisoning role, the aconitum carmichaeli mainly plays a stomach poisoning role, the henbane mainly plays a fumigation role on mosquitoes, the peganum harmala mainly plays an infertility role, and the traditional Chinese medicines are mixed to achieve a superimposed effect and play a comprehensive prevention and treatment role; the fresh purslane contains biological glue, is a good auxiliary agent, can ensure that the mixed raw medicines are not precipitated and layered, can form a stable medicine film on a control object, and improves the medicine effect and the control time. The preparation method adopts a dynamic warm immersion method to extract the effective components of the rhododendron molle, the peganum harmala and the henbane, and adopts a cold immersion method and an ultrasonic auxiliary method to extract the effective components of the aconite, the method can effectively extract the effective components of the traditional Chinese medicines, saves energy consumption, can utilize residual dregs, and has advanced process; the inspection and adjustment steps in the process can effectively monitor the product quality, improve the product stability, improve the market competitiveness of the product and prolong the service life of the product.
Two experimental tests
Three different technical schemes are adopted for testing in the actual production process, and the test results are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 comparison of the technical solutions
As can be seen from the table 1, the botanical mosquito-killing, mosquito-repelling and disease-preventing pesticide prepared by the second scheme has stable quality, long shelf life, best quality and stronger market competitiveness.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way, and any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments according to the technical spirit of the present invention are within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. A botanical insecticide for repelling mosquitoes and killing mosquitoes is characterized by comprising the following components: 3 parts of rhododendron molle, 1.0 part of peganum harmala, 2.0 parts of henbane, 1.0 part of aconitum carmichaeli and 5.0 parts of fresh purslane; wherein the rhododendron molle adopts flowers and stems and leaves, and the weight ratio of the flowers to the stems and leaves is 3: 7;
the preparation method of the plant insecticide for repelling mosquitoes and killing mosquitoes comprises the following steps:
(1) cleaning flos Rhododendri mollis, semen Pegani Harmalae, semen hyoscyami, radix Aconiti Kusnezoffii and fresh herba Portulacae, and draining to obtain flos Rhododendri mollis, semen Pegani Harmalae, semen hyoscyami, radix Aconiti and fresh herba Portulacae;
(2) mixing the dried flos Rhododendri mollis, the dried semen Pegani Harmalae and the dried semen hyoscyami to obtain mixed medicinal materials; adding water into the mixed medicinal materials, dynamically oscillating at 70-80 ℃, extracting for 180 minutes by warm immersion, and filtering to obtain mixed medicinal material filtrate; the amount of water in the mixed medicinal materials is 8-12 times of the total amount of the rhododendron molle, the peganum harmala and the henbane;
adding water 5-7 times the amount of radix Aconiti into the dried radix Aconiti Kusnezoffii, soaking and extracting at room temperature for 2800 min at 2000-60 deg.C, heating to 50-60 deg.C, ultrasonic treating for 30-35 min, and filtering to obtain radix Aconiti Kusnezoffii filtrate;
crushing or superfine grinding the fresh purslane after the moisture is drained to obtain fresh purslane juice, and press-filtering the fresh purslane juice to obtain fresh purslane filtrate;
(3) uniformly mixing the mixed medicinal material filtrate, the aconite root filtrate and the fresh purslane filtrate to obtain a mixed solution;
checking and adjusting; detecting the content of alkaloid in the mixed solution, and entering the next step when the content of alkaloid is not less than 0.1%; when the content is lower than 0.1%, adding the mixed medicinal material filtrate to make the alkaloid content not lower than 0.1%;
(4) shearing the mixed solution for 17-23 minutes, grinding for not less than 4 times by a colloid mill, and homogenizing for not less than 4 times to obtain the botanical insecticide.
2. The botanical insecticide as claimed in claim 1, wherein,
in the step (2), the mixed medicinal materials are added with water, soaked and extracted, and filtered by a sieve with 80-120 meshes;
after the ultrasonic treatment, filtering by using a 80-120-mesh sieve;
the fresh purslane juice is filtered by a sieve with 60-80 meshes and then is filtered and pressed;
in the step (4), the shearing rotation speed is 3000-3400rpm, and the homogenizing pressure is 22-28 MPa.
3. The botanical insecticide as claimed in claim 2, wherein,
in the step (2), water is added into the mixed medicinal materials, and after the mixed medicinal materials are soaked and extracted for 150 minutes at 75 ℃, the mixed medicinal materials are sieved by a 100-mesh sieve to obtain a mixed medicinal material filtrate; the dosage of water in the mixed medicinal materials is 10 times of the total dosage of the rhododendron molle, the peganum harmala and the henbane;
adding water 6 times of the amount of the aconite into the dried aconite, leaching for 2400 minutes, heating to 55 ℃, performing ultrasonic treatment for 30 minutes, and sieving with a 100-mesh sieve to obtain an aconite filtrate;
in the step (4), the shearing rotation speed is 3200rpm, and the homogenizing pressure is 25 MPa.
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