CN107236883B - A kind of preparation process of aluminum alloy plate materials - Google Patents
A kind of preparation process of aluminum alloy plate materials Download PDFInfo
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- CN107236883B CN107236883B CN201710518082.2A CN201710518082A CN107236883B CN 107236883 B CN107236883 B CN 107236883B CN 201710518082 A CN201710518082 A CN 201710518082A CN 107236883 B CN107236883 B CN 107236883B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/10—Alloys based on aluminium with zinc as the next major constituent
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/026—Alloys based on aluminium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/03—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting using master alloys
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/002—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working by rapid cooling or quenching; cooling agents used therefor
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/053—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon of alloys with zinc as the next major constituent
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of preparation process of aluminum alloy plate materials, the preparation process is the following steps are included: homogenization, machining, preheating, hot rolling, trimming crop end, stretching, solution hardening, stretching, timeliness, solution hardening, stretching, timeliness.A kind of preparation process of aluminum alloy plate materials of the present invention removes the objectionable impurities in aluminum melt by degasification slagging-off process and filter progress, improves the quality of the aluminium alloy ingot cast out；Be segmented accurate control to the quenching pressure, cooling rate, cooling temperature of quenching according to quenching cooling law to carry out three-level quenching, improves aluminum alloy plate materials harden ability, while quenched residual stress being minimized；Step (5) in technique, (7), (10) total extensibility be all not more than 3%, and step drawing, the aluminum alloy plate materials intensity stretched is high, tough resistance to good and corrosion-resistant, while reducing the residual stress that aluminium alloy plate material generates in quenching process.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to nonferrous materials processing technology fields, and in particular to a kind of preparation process of aluminum alloy plate materials.
Background technique
The aluminum alloy plate materials of high-strength and high ductility are very widely used in fields such as aircraft industry, war industry, civilian industries.
Especially in aircraft industry, aviation integral structure component generallys use high-strength aluminum alloy slab and is directly milled into.For
The high performance aluminum alloy plate materials of acquisition, it is necessary to by ingot blank by processes such as rolling, quenching, pre-stretchings, in this series of work
Aluminum alloy plate materials can all have corresponding residual stress in sequence, and machining deformation problem caused by residual stress is aviation automation system
The bottleneck problem in field is made, the development and production of type aircraft are seriously restrict.
With national " big aircraft " starting of project, the demand to the aluminium alloy Wide and Thick Slab of big cross section, high quality becomes day
It is beneficial urgent.The generous plate of high-performance aluminium alloy occupies sizable in the manufacture of the structural members such as fuselage, the wing of large aircraft
Specific gravity.In order to reduce aluminium alloy thick plate residual stress, stretch processing must be just carried out to it using large-scale tension stretcher, ten thousand tons
The large-scale tension stretcher of grade is the key equipment for producing high performance turbine grade aluminium alloy thick plate product.The large-scale tension of this rank
Not only technical indicator is high for stretching-machine, expensive but also category sensitive product, invests huge and is difficult to introduce, the current large size in China
Aluminium alloy processing factory only has only a few to equip the 10,000 tons large size tension stretcher for producing high-performance aluminium alloy slab.It is existing
For the aluminum alloy plate materials of technology production when aluminum alloy plate materials are with a thickness of 80 ~ 200mm, quenched residual stress eradicating efficacy is bad；When
The stretching-machine pulling force of aluminum alloy plate materials ultra-thick plate is inadequate when thickness is more than 200mm, cannot effectively weaken quenched residual stress, therefore
The aluminum alloy ultra-thick plate quenched residual stress of prior art production is big, machining is easily-deformable.
Summary of the invention
In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide one kind to effectively reduce quenched residual stress, subsequent machine
Process a kind of preparation process of on-deformable aluminum alloy plate materials.
To achieve the goals above, The technical solution adopted by the invention is as follows: a kind of preparation process of aluminum alloy plate materials,
It is characterized in that, comprising the following steps:
(1) it homogenizes: by fine aluminium ingot and intermetallic metal melting, carrying out the hydrogen slag in degasification slagging-off process reduction aluminum melt
Concentration casts out aluminium alloy ingot and carries out using the oxide and non-metallic inclusion in filter progress removal aluminum melt
Homogenization, the intermetallic metal includes zinc ingot metal, magnesium ingot, cathode copper, Al-Zr, Al-Ti, the aluminium alloy ingot each component cast out
Mass percentage composition are as follows: Zn 4.5%~9.5%, Mg 1.0%~2.8%, Cu 0~2.5%, Zr 0.05%~0.25%, it is remaining
Amount is Al；
(2) it machines: by the aluminium alloy ingot crop end after homogenization, being sawed into 400~600mm thickness, 1500~
The hot rolling blank of 2000mm wide；
(3) it preheats: the hot rolling blank of step (2) is heated 4~20 hours at 350~450 DEG C；
(4) after the completion of preheating, hot rolling blank hot rolling: is rolled into the plate with a thickness of 80~300mm；
(5) it stretches: the plate in step (4) being gone into stretching-machine and is stretched, amount of tension is 0.5%~1.5%；
(6) solution hardening: the plate in step (5) is put into the furnace of roller bottom, 450~490 DEG C of holding temperature, soaking time
500~900min then carries out three-level quenching, first order quenching: solid solubility temperature is cooled to from 450 DEG C -490 DEG C 430 DEG C -
440 DEG C, quenching hydraulic pressure is 1.2~2.4 bar, 5~20 DEG C/s of cooling rate；Second level quenching: first order quenching is terminated
Aluminium alloy plate material is cooled to 220 DEG C -240 DEG C, and quenching hydraulic pressure is 3.0~5.0bar, 30~50 DEG C/s of cooling rate；The third level
Quenching: being cooled to 35 DEG C -45 DEG C for the aluminium alloy plate material that second level quenching terminates, quench 0.5~2.0 bar of hydraulic pressure, cooling
5~15 DEG C/s of rate；
(7) stretch: the plate after three-level is quenched goes to stretching-machine stretching, and total amount of tension is 2%~3%, first carries out
Pre-stretching, is pulled to 0~0.2% in advance, then successively carries out the first step and be stretched to the stretching of the 4th step, and the first step is stretched to 0.2~1.0%,
Second step is stretched to 1.0~1.5%, and third step is stretched to 1.5~2.0%, and the 4th step is stretched to 2.0~3.0%, and rate of extension 1~
4mm/min；
(8) plate after stretching: being carried out the ageing treatment of 2~12h by ageing treatment at 80~120 DEG C of the first order,
4 are carried out 150~170 DEG C of the second level later~ageing treatment for 24 hours；
(9) solution hardening: the plate in step (8) is put into the furnace of roller bottom, 450~490 DEG C of holding temperature, soaking time
300~1200min then carries out three-level quenching；
(10) stretch: the plate after three-level is quenched goes to stretching-machine stretching, and total amount of tension is 2%~3%, first carries out
Pre-stretching, is pulled to 0~0.2% in advance, then successively carries out the first step and be stretched to the stretching of the 4th step, and the first step is stretched to 0.2~1.0%,
Second step is stretched to 1.0~1.5%, and third step is stretched to 1.5~2.0%, and the 4th step is stretched to 2.0~3.0%, and rate of extension 1~
4mm/min；
(11) ageing treatment: plate is carried out to the ageing treatment of 2~12h at 80~120 DEG C of the first order, later in the second level
150~170 DEG C carry out 4~ageing treatment for 24 hours, plate are gone to moist closet after ageing treatment, and ensure the drop of plate
Warm rate is 2~10 DEG C/h, and the aluminum alloy plate materials are obtained when plate is down to room temperature.
Preferably, the aluminium alloy plate material is Al-Zn-Mg- (Cu)-Zr aluminium alloy, the matter of the aluminium alloy each component
Measure percentage composition are as follows: Zn 5.5%~9.5%, Mg 2.0%~2.8%, Cu 1.0~2.5%, Zr 0.10%~0.25%, surplus
For Al.
Preferably, the low residual stress aluminum alloy plate materials with a thickness of 80~200mm.
Preferably, the quenching water temperature of the first order quenching is 15~25 DEG C, quenching velocity is 2.5~4m/min, quenching
Sprinkler height is 160~200mm；The second level quenching quenching water temperature be 15~25 DEG C, quenching velocity be 1.5~2.5m/min,
Quenching sprinkler height is 100~140mm；The third level quenching quenching water temperature be 15~25 DEG C, quenching velocity be 3~5m/min,
Quenching sprinkler height is 160~200mm.
Preferably, in the step (9) by aluminium alloy plate material solid solubility temperature heat preservation after, carry out three-level quenching:
First order quenching: solid solubility temperature is cooled to 435 DEG C from 470 DEG C, quenching hydraulic pressure is 2.0~2.4 bar, cooling speed
10~20 DEG C/s of rate；
Second level quenching: being cooled to 230 DEG C for the aluminium alloy plate material that first order quenching terminates, and quenching hydraulic pressure is 4.0~
5.0bar, 35~50 DEG C/s of cooling rate；
Third level quenching: the aluminium alloy plate material that second level quenching terminates is cooled to 40 DEG C, quenches hydraulic pressure 1.0~2.0
Bar, 10~15 DEG C/s of cooling rate.
Preferably, the hot rolling blank in the step (3) heats 10~20 hours at 400~450 DEG C.
Preferably, the amount of tension of the plate in the step (5) is 0.8%~1.5%.
Preferably, total amount of tension of the stretching in the step (7) is 2.5%, rate of extension 1.5mm/min.
Preferably, the time of the first order ageing treatment of the ageing treatment of the step (8) is 6h, second level ageing treatment
Time be 12h.
Preferably, the ageing treatment of the step (11) need to ensure that the rate of temperature fall of plate is 6 DEG C/h.
A kind of preparation process of aluminum alloy plate materials of the present invention, the hydrogen slag reduced in aluminum melt by degasification slagging-off process are dense
Degree removes the oxide and non-metallic inclusion in aluminum melt by filter progress to reduce the stomata or pin hole in ingot casting, with
The defects of reducing loose, the stomata, slag inclusion in ingot casting, it is possible thereby to improve the quality of the aluminium alloy ingot cast out, to subtract
The residual stress that aluminium alloy plate material generates in quenching process in few subsequent preparation process；By aluminium alloy plate material in solid solubility temperature
After heat preservation, carry out three-level quenching: first order quenching is quenched with low pressure, and second level quenching is quenched with high pressure, and the third level quenches with low
Pressure quenching carries out being segmented accurate control according to quenching cooling law to the quenching pressure, cooling rate, cooling temperature of quenching, with
Quenched residual stress is minimized while central layer through hardening after realization aluminium alloy plate material quenching；A kind of low residual stress aluminium conjunction
Total extensibility of the stretching of step (5), step (7), step (10) is all not more than 3% in the preparation process of golden plate material, and substep is drawn
It stretches, so that stretching the high obtained intensity of aluminium alloy plate material, good toughness and corrosion-resistant, while can effectively reduce in quenching process
The residual stress that aluminium alloy plate material generates.
Specific embodiment
The following examples can help those skilled in the art that the present invention is more fully understood, but cannot be with any
Mode limits the present invention.
Embodiment 1
A kind of preparation process of aluminum alloy plate materials, comprising the following steps:
(1) it homogenizes: by mass percentage composition are as follows: Zn 4.5%~8.5%, Mg 1.0%~2.6%, Cu 0.0~
2.0%, Zr 0.05%~0.20%, surplus are the aluminium alloy plate material melting of Al, and carrying out degasification slagging-off process reduces in aluminum melt
Hydrogen slag concentration, using filter progress removal aluminum melt in oxide and non-metallic inclusion, cast out aluminium alloy ingot
And it is homogenized；
(2) it machines: by the aluminium alloy ingot crop end after homogenization, being sawed into 400mm thickness, the hot rolling base of 1500mm wide
Material；
(3) it preheats: the hot rolling blank of step (2) is heated 4 hours at 350 DEG C；
(4) after the completion of preheating, hot rolling blank hot rolling: is rolled into the plate with a thickness of 80mm；
(5) it stretches: the plate in step (4) being gone into stretching-machine and is stretched, amount of tension 0.5%；
(6) solution hardening: the plate in step (5) is put into the furnace of roller bottom, 450 DEG C of holding temperature, soaking time
500min then carries out three-level quenching, first order quenching: solid solubility temperature being cooled to 430 DEG C from 450 DEG C, quenching water temperature is 15
DEG C, quenching velocity 2.5m/min, quenching sprinkler height be 160mm, quenching hydraulic pressure be 1.2bar, 5 DEG C/s of cooling rate；Second
Grade quenching: the aluminium alloy plate material that first order quenching terminates is cooled to 220 DEG C, quenching water temperature is 15 DEG C, quenching velocity is
1.5m/min, quenching sprinkler height are 100mm, and quenching hydraulic pressure is 3.0bar, 30 DEG C/s of cooling rate；Third level quenching: by the
The aluminium alloy plate material that second level quenching terminates is cooled to 35 DEG C, and quenching water temperature is 15 DEG C, quenching velocity 3m/min, quenches spray head
Height is 160mm, quenches hydraulic pressure 0.5bar, 5 DEG C/s of cooling rate.
(7) stretch: the plate after three-level is quenched goes to stretching-machine stretching, and total amount of tension is 2%, first carries out prestretching
It stretches, pre-stretching amount is 0%, then successively carries out the first step and be stretched to the stretching of the 4th step, and the first step is stretched to 0.2%, and second step stretches
To 1.0%, third step is stretched to 1.5%, and the 4th step is stretched to 2.0%, rate of extension 1mm/min；
(8) ageing treatment: the plate after stretching is carried out to the ageing treatment of 2h at 80 DEG C of the first order, later second
The ageing treatment of 150 DEG C of progress 4h of grade；
(9) step (6) and step (7) are repeated；
(10) plate: being carried out the ageing treatment of 2h by ageing treatment at 80 DEG C of the first order, later in the progress of 150 DEG C of the second level
Plate is gone to moist closet after ageing treatment by the ageing treatment of 4h, and ensures that the rate of temperature fall of plate is 2 DEG C/h, works as plate
The aluminum alloy plate materials are obtained when material is down to room temperature.
Embodiment 2
A kind of preparation process of aluminum alloy plate materials, comprising the following steps:
(1) it homogenizes: by mass percentage composition are as follows: Zn 7.5%~9.5%, Mg 1.5%~2.8%, Cu 0.05~
2.5%, Zr 0.05%~0.25%, surplus are the aluminium alloy plate material melting of Al, and carrying out degasification slagging-off process reduces in aluminum melt
Hydrogen slag concentration, using filter progress removal aluminum melt in oxide and non-metallic inclusion, cast out aluminium alloy ingot
And it is homogenized；
(2) it machines: by the aluminium alloy ingot crop end after homogenization, being sawed into 600mm thickness, the hot rolling base of 2000mm wide
Material；
(3) it preheats: the hot rolling blank of step (2) is heated 20 hours at 450 DEG C；
(4) after the completion of preheating, hot rolling blank hot rolling: is rolled into the plate with a thickness of 300mm；
(5) it stretches: the plate in step (4) being gone into stretching-machine and is stretched, amount of tension 1.5%；
(6) solution hardening: the plate in step (5) is put into the furnace of roller bottom, 490 DEG C of holding temperature, soaking time
900min then carries out three-level quenching, first order quenching: solid solubility temperature being cooled to 440 DEG C from 490 DEG C, quenching water temperature is 25
DEG C, quenching velocity 4m/min, quenching sprinkler height be 200mm, quenching hydraulic pressure be 2.4 bar, 20 DEG C/s of cooling rate；Second
Grade quenching: the aluminium alloy plate material that first order quenching terminates is cooled to 240 DEG C, quenching water temperature is 25 DEG C, quenching velocity is
2.5m/min, quenching sprinkler height are 140mm, and quenching hydraulic pressure is 5.0bar, 50 DEG C/s of cooling rate；Third level quenching: by the
The aluminium alloy plate material that second level quenching terminates is cooled to 45 DEG C, and quenching water temperature is 25 DEG C, quenching velocity 5m/min, quenches spray head
Height is 200mm, quenches 2.0 bar of hydraulic pressure, 15 DEG C/s of cooling rate.
(7) stretch: the plate after three-level is quenched goes to stretching-machine stretching, and total amount of tension is 3%, first carries out prestretching
It stretches, pre-stretching amount is 0.2%, then successively carries out the first step and be stretched to the stretching of the 4th step, and the first step is stretched to 1.0%, and second step is drawn
1.5% is extended to, third step is stretched to 2.0%, and the 4th step is stretched to 3.0%, rate of extension 4mm/min；
(8) plate after stretching: being carried out the ageing treatment of 12h by ageing treatment at 120 DEG C of the first order, later the
170 DEG C of the second level ageing treatments carried out for 24 hours；
(9) step (6) and step (7) are repeated；
(10) plate: being carried out the ageing treatment of 12h by ageing treatment at 120 DEG C of the first order, later 170 DEG C of the second level into
Plate is gone to moist closet after ageing treatment, and ensures that the rate of temperature fall of plate is 10 DEG C/h by row ageing treatment for 24 hours,
The aluminum alloy plate materials are obtained when plate is down to room temperature.
Embodiment 3
A kind of preparation process of aluminum alloy plate materials, comprising the following steps:
(1) it homogenizes: by mass percentage composition are as follows: Zn 5.5%~9.5%, Mg 2.0%~2.8%, Cu 1.0~
2.5%, Zr 0.10%~0.25%, surplus are the aluminium alloy plate material melting of Al, and carrying out degasification slagging-off process reduces in aluminum melt
Hydrogen slag concentration, using filter progress removal aluminum melt in oxide and non-metallic inclusion, cast out aluminium alloy ingot
And it is homogenized；
(2) it machines: by the aluminium alloy ingot crop end after homogenization, being sawed into 500mm thickness, the hot rolling base of 1700mm wide
Material；
(3) it preheats: the hot rolling blank of step (2) is heated 10 hours at 400 DEG C；
(4) after the completion of preheating, hot rolling blank hot rolling: is rolled into the plate with a thickness of 200mm；
(5) it stretches: the plate in step (4) being gone into stretching-machine and is stretched, amount of tension 1.0%；
(6) solution hardening: the plate in step (5) is put into the furnace of roller bottom, 470 DEG C of holding temperature, soaking time
700min then carries out three-level quenching, first order quenching: solid solubility temperature being cooled to 435 DEG C from 470 DEG C, quenching water temperature is 20
DEG C, quenching velocity 3m/min, quenching sprinkler height be 180mm, quenching hydraulic pressure be 2.0bar, 10 DEG C/s of cooling rate；Second
Grade quenching: the aluminium alloy plate material that first order quenching terminates is cooled to 230 DEG C, quenching water temperature is 20 DEG C, quenching velocity is
2.0m/min, quenching sprinkler height are 120mm, and quenching hydraulic pressure is 4.0bar, 35 DEG C/s of cooling rate；Third level quenching: by the
The aluminium alloy plate material that second level quenching terminates is cooled to 40 DEG C, and quenching water temperature is 20 DEG C, quenching velocity 4m/min, quenches spray head
Height is 180mm, quenches hydraulic pressure 1.0bar, 10 DEG C/s of cooling rate.
(7) stretch: the plate after three-level is quenched goes to stretching-machine stretching, and total amount of tension is 2.5%, first carries out pre-
It stretches, pre-stretching amount is 0.1%, then successively carries out the first step and be stretched to the stretching of the 4th step, and the first step is stretched to 0.5%, second step
It is stretched to 1.2%, third step is stretched to 1.8%, and the 4th step is stretched to 2.5%, rate of extension 1.5mm/min；
(8) plate after stretching: being carried out the ageing treatment of 6h by ageing treatment at 100 DEG C of the first order, later the
The ageing treatment of 160 DEG C of second level progress 12h；
(9) step (6) and step (7) are repeated；
(10) plate: being carried out the ageing treatment of 6h by ageing treatment at 100 DEG C of the first order, later 160 DEG C of the second level into
Plate is gone to moist closet after ageing treatment by the ageing treatment of row 12h, and ensures that the rate of temperature fall of plate is 6 DEG C/h, when
The aluminum alloy plate materials are obtained when plate is down to room temperature.
Embodiment 4
Compared with Example 3, the step of preparation process of a kind of aluminum alloy plate materials of embodiment 4 (4) is to roll hot rolling blank
The plate with a thickness of 80mm is made, the step of remaining prepares aluminum alloy plate materials is same as Example 3.
The preparation of embodiment 5 is 1800mm with a thickness of 160mm width, and length is 7050 ultra-thick plates of 6000mm
A kind of preparation process of aluminum alloy plate materials, comprising the following steps:
(1) Melting Quality percentage forms are as follows: Zn 5.7%~6.7%, Mg1.9%~2.6%, Cu 2.0~2.6%, Zr
0.08%~0.15%, surplus be Al aluminium alloy plate material, it is deaerated, filtering after, carry out semi-continuous casting, cast out with a thickness of
The slab ingot of 520mm.
(2) slab cut end tail and peeling are prepared into the slab with a thickness of 160mm after preheating, rolling process.
(3) hot rolling is gone to stretching-machine to stretch, amount of tension 0.8%.
(4) plate is subjected to grade quench in the laggard row of 470 DEG C of solid solution 600min, first order quenching technical: quenching hydraulic pressure
Up and down be 2.0 bar, quenching water temperature be 20 DEG C, quenching velocity 3m/min, quenching sprinkler height be 180mm；It quenches the second level
Fire process: quenching hydraulic pressure up and down be 4.0bar, quenching water temperature be 20 DEG C, quenching velocity 2m/min, quenching sprinkler height be
120mm；Third level quenching technical: being 1.0 bar above and below quenching hydraulic pressure, quenching water temperature is 20 DEG C, quenching velocity 4m/min, quenches
Fire-fighting grease head highness is 180mm.
(5) after solution hardening, plate is directly gone into stretching-machine and is stretched, total amount of tension is 2.5%, is pre-stretched 0.2%+ first
Step, which is pulled to 1.0%+ second step and is pulled to 1.5%+ third step and is pulled to the 4th step of 2.0%+, is pulled to 2.5%, rate of extension 1.5mm/min.
(6) through 110 DEG C/6h+160 DEG C/12h timeliness.
(7) (4) (5) step is repeated.
(8) enter moist closet after 110 DEG C/6h+160 DEG C/12h timeliness, the rate of temperature fall of plate is 5 DEG C/h to get plate
Material.
The preparation of embodiment 6 is 7050 ultra-thick plates of 6000mm with a thickness of 250mm, width 1800mm, length
A kind of preparation process of aluminum alloy plate materials, comprising the following steps:
(1) Melting Quality percentage forms are as follows: Zn 5.7%~6.7%, Mg1.9%~2.6%, Cu 2.0~2.6%, Zr
0.08%~0.15%, surplus be Al aluminium alloy plate material, it is deaerated, filtering after, carry out semi-continuous casting, cast out with a thickness of
The slab ingot of 520mm.
(2) slab cut end tail and peeling are prepared into the slab with a thickness of 250mm after preheating, rolling process.
(3) hot rolling is gone to stretching-machine to stretch, amount of tension 0.8%.
(4) plate is subjected to grade quench in the laggard row of 470 DEG C of solid solution 800min, first order quenching technical: quenching hydraulic pressure
Up and down be 2.2 bar, quenching water temperature be 20 DEG C, quenching velocity 3m/min, quenching sprinkler height be 170mm；It quenches the second level
Fire process: quenching hydraulic pressure up and down be 4.5bar, quenching water temperature be 20 DEG C, quenching velocity 2m/min, quenching sprinkler height be
110mm；Third level quenching technical: being 1.2 bar above and below quenching hydraulic pressure, quenching water temperature is 20 DEG C, quenching velocity 4m/min, quenches
Fire-fighting grease head highness is 170mm.
(5) after solution hardening, plate is directly gone into stretching-machine and is stretched, total amount of tension is 1.5%, is pre-stretched 0.2%+ first
Step, which is pulled to 0.8%+ second step and is pulled to 1.2%+ third step, is pulled to 1.5%, rate of extension 1.5mm/min.
(6) through 110 DEG C/6h+160 DEG C/12h timeliness.
(7) (4) (5) step is repeated.
(8) enter moist closet after 110 DEG C/6h+160 DEG C/12h timeliness, the rate of temperature fall of plate is 5 DEG C/h to get plate
Material.
The preparation of comparative example 1 is 7050 ultra-thick plates of 6000mm with a thickness of 160mm, width 1800mm, length
A kind of preparation process of aluminum alloy plate materials, comprising the following steps:
(1) Melting Quality percentage forms are as follows: Zn 5.7%~6.7%, Mg1.9%~2.6%, Cu 2.0~2.6%, Zr
0.08%~0.15%, surplus be Al aluminium alloy plate material, it is deaerated, filtering after, carry out semi-continuous casting, cast out with a thickness of
The slab ingot of 520mm.
(2) slab cut end tail and peeling are prepared into the slab with a thickness of 160mm after preheating, rolling process.
(3) plate is subjected to single-stage quenching in the laggard row of 470 DEG C of solid solution 600min, quenching technical: quenching hydraulic pressure is equal up and down
For 4.0bar, quenching water temperature be 20 DEG C, quenching velocity 2m/min, quenching sprinkler height be 120mm.
(4) single stage drawing that deflection is 2.5%, rate of extension 1.5mm/min are carried out after quenching.
(5) stretch after after 110 DEG C/6h+160 DEG C/12h timeliness natural cooling to get plate.
The preparation of comparative example 2 is 7050 ultra-thick plates of 6000mm with a thickness of 250mm, width 1800mm, length
A kind of preparation process of aluminum alloy plate materials, comprising the following steps:
(1) Melting Quality percentage forms are as follows: Zn 5.7%~6.7%, Mg1.9%~2.6%, Cu 2.0~2.6%, Zr
0.08%~0.15%, surplus be Al aluminium alloy plate material, it is deaerated, filtering after, carry out semi-continuous casting, cast out with a thickness of
The slab ingot of 520mm.
(2) slab cut end tail and peeling are prepared into the slab with a thickness of 250mm after preheating, rolling process.
(3) plate is subjected to single-stage quenching in the laggard row of 470 DEG C of solid solution 800min, quenching technical: quenching hydraulic pressure is equal up and down
For 4.5bar, quenching water temperature be 20 DEG C, quenching velocity 2m/min, quenching sprinkler height be 110mm.
(4) single stage drawing that deflection is 1.5%, rate of extension 1.5mm/min are carried out after quenching.
(5) stretch after after 110 DEG C/6h+160 DEG C/12h timeliness natural cooling to get plate.
Detect the residual stress situation for the plate of embodiment 1-6 and comparative example 1-2 being prepared, test result such as table 1.
Table 1
| Group number | Quenching state stress/MPa | Quenched residual stress/MPa | Residual stress eradicating efficacy/% |
| Embodiment 1 | -245.3 | -11.5 | 95.3 |
| Embodiment 2 | -298.5 | -49.6 | 83.4 |
| Embodiment 3 | -267.6 | -41.2 | 84.6 |
| Embodiment 4 | -243.8 | -10.7 | 95.6 |
| Embodiment 5 | -256.4 | -15.9 | 94.1 |
| Embodiment 6 | -280.8 | -42.1 | 85.0 |
| Comparative example 1 | -256.4 | -66.2 | 75.1 |
| Comparative example 2 | -280.8 | -225.6 | 19.7 |
By above-mentioned test result it is found that a kind of preparation process of aluminum alloy plate materials of the present invention can effectively reduce in quenching process
The residual stress that aluminium alloy plate material generates, the aluminum alloy plate materials intensity made is high, good toughness and corrosion-resistant, while subsequent
Machining is unlikely to deform.
Although above the present invention is described in detail with a general description of the specific embodiments,
On the basis of the present invention, it can be made some modifications or improvements, this will be apparent to those skilled in the art.Cause
This, these modifications or improvements, fall within the scope of the claimed invention without departing from theon the basis of the spirit of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of preparation process of aluminum alloy plate materials, which comprises the following steps:
(1) it homogenizes: by fine aluminium ingot and intermetallic metal melting, carrying out the hydrogen slag concentration in degasification slagging-off process reduction aluminum melt,
Using the oxide and non-metallic inclusion in filter progress removal aluminum melt, casts out aluminium alloy ingot and carry out uniform
Change, the intermetallic metal includes zinc ingot metal, magnesium ingot, cathode copper, Al-Zr, Al-Ti, the matter of the aluminium alloy ingot each component cast out
Measure percentage composition are as follows: Zn 4.5%~9.5%, Mg 1.0%~2.8%, Cu 0~2.5%, Zr 0.05%~0.25%, surplus are
Al；
(2) it machines: by the aluminium alloy ingot crop end after homogenization, being sawed into 400~600mm thickness, 1500~2000mm wide
Hot rolling blank；
(3) it preheats: the hot rolling blank of step (2) is heated 4~20 hours at 350~450 DEG C；
(4) after the completion of preheating, hot rolling blank hot rolling: is rolled into the plate with a thickness of 80~300mm；
(5) it stretches: the plate in step (4) being gone into stretching-machine and is stretched, amount of tension is 0.5%~1.5%；
(6) solution hardening: the plate in step (5) is put into the furnace of roller bottom, 450~490 DEG C of holding temperature, soaking time 500
~900min then carries out three-level quenching, solid solubility temperature first order quenching: is cooled to 430 DEG C -440 from 450 DEG C -490 DEG C
DEG C, quenching hydraulic pressure is 1.2~2.4 bar, 5~20 DEG C/s of cooling rate；Second level quenching: the aluminium that first order quenching terminates is closed
Golden plate material is cooled to 220 DEG C -240 DEG C, and quenching hydraulic pressure is 3.0~5.0bar, 30~50 DEG C/s of cooling rate；The third level is quenched
Fire: being cooled to 35 DEG C -45 DEG C for the aluminium alloy plate material that second level quenching terminates, and quenches 0.5~2.0 bar of hydraulic pressure, cooling speed
5~15 DEG C/s of rate；
(7) stretch: the plate after three-level is quenched goes to stretching-machine stretching, and total amount of tension is 2%~3%, first carries out prestretching
It stretches, is pulled to 0~0.2% in advance, then successively carry out the first step and be stretched to the stretching of the 4th step, the first step is stretched to 0.2~1.0%, second
Step is stretched to 1.0~1.5%, and third step is stretched to 1.5~2.0%, and the 4th step is stretched to 2.0~3.0%, 1~4mm/ of rate of extension
min；
(8) ageing treatment: the plate after stretching is carried out to the ageing treatment of 2~12h at 80~120 DEG C of the first order, later
4 are carried out 150~170 DEG C of the second level~ageing treatment for 24 hours；
(9) step (6) and step (7) are repeated；
(10) ageing treatment: plate is carried out to the ageing treatment of 2~12h at 80~120 DEG C of the first order, later in the second level 150
~170 DEG C carry out 4~ageing treatment for 24 hours, plate are gone to moist closet after ageing treatment, and ensure the cooling speed of plate
Rate is 2~10 DEG C/h, and the aluminum alloy plate materials are obtained when plate is down to room temperature.
2. a kind of preparation process of aluminum alloy plate materials according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the aluminium alloy plate material
It is Al-Zn-Mg- (Cu)-Zr aluminium alloy, the mass percentage composition of the aluminium alloy each component are as follows: Zn 5.5%~9.5%, Mg
2.0%~2.8%, Cu 1.0~2.5%, Zr 0.10%~0.25%, surplus Al.
3. a kind of preparation process of aluminum alloy plate materials according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the first order quenching
Quenching water temperature is 15~25 DEG C, quenching velocity is 2.5~4m/min, quenching sprinkler height is 160~200mm；Second level quenching
Quenching water temperature be 15~25 DEG C, quenching velocity be 1.5~2.5m/min, quenching sprinkler height be 100~140mm；The third level
The quenching water temperature of quenching is 15~25 DEG C, quenching velocity is 3~5m/min, quenching sprinkler height is 160~200mm.
4. a kind of preparation process of aluminum alloy plate materials according to claim 1, which is characterized in that, will in the step (9)
Aluminium alloy plate material carries out three-level quenching after solid solubility temperature heat preservation:
First order quenching: solid solubility temperature is cooled to 435 DEG C from 470 DEG C, quenching hydraulic pressure is 2.0~2.4 bar, cooling rate 10
~20 DEG C/s；
Second level quenching: being cooled to 230 DEG C for the aluminium alloy plate material that first order quenching terminates, and quenching hydraulic pressure is 4.0~
5.0bar, 35~50 DEG C/s of cooling rate；
Third level quenching: being cooled to 40 DEG C for the aluminium alloy plate material that second level quenching terminates, quench 1.0~2.0 bar of hydraulic pressure,
10~15 DEG C/s of cooling rate.
5. a kind of preparation process of aluminum alloy plate materials according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in the step (3)
Hot rolling blank heats 10~20 hours at 400~450 DEG C.
6. a kind of preparation process of aluminum alloy plate materials according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in the step (5)
The amount of tension of plate is 0.8%~1.5%.
7. a kind of preparation process of aluminum alloy plate materials according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in the step (7)
The total amount of tension stretched is 2.5%, rate of extension 1.5mm/min.
8. a kind of preparation process of aluminum alloy plate materials according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the step (8) when
The time for imitating the first order ageing treatment of processing is 6h, and the time of second level ageing treatment is 12h.
9. a kind of preparation process of aluminum alloy plate materials according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the step (11) when
Effect processing need to ensure that the rate of temperature fall of plate is 6 DEG C/h.
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| CN113182379A (en) * | 2021-07-01 | 2021-07-30 | 中国航发北京航空材料研究院 | Preparation method of aluminum alloy plate |
| CN115285637A (en) * | 2022-09-05 | 2022-11-04 | 东莞市赫泽电子科技有限公司 | Manufacturing method of aluminum alloy plate |
| EP4386097A1 (en) * | 2022-12-12 | 2024-06-19 | Constellium Rolled Products Ravenswood, LLC | 7xxx wrought products with improved compromise of tensile and toughness properties and method for producing |
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