CN107236883A - A kind of preparation technology of aluminum alloy plate materials - Google Patents
A kind of preparation technology of aluminum alloy plate materials Download PDFInfo
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- CN107236883A CN107236883A CN201710518082.2A CN201710518082A CN107236883A CN 107236883 A CN107236883 A CN 107236883A CN 201710518082 A CN201710518082 A CN 201710518082A CN 107236883 A CN107236883 A CN 107236883A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/10—Alloys based on aluminium with zinc as the next major constituent
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/026—Alloys based on aluminium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/03—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting using master alloys
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/002—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working by rapid cooling or quenching; cooling agents used therefor
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/053—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon of alloys with zinc as the next major constituent
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of preparation technology of aluminum alloy plate materials, the preparation technology comprises the following steps:Homogenization, machining, preheating, hot rolling, trimming crop end, stretching, solution hardening, stretching, timeliness, solution hardening, stretching, timeliness.Objectionable impurities in a kind of preparation technology of aluminum alloy plate materials of the present invention, the process and filter progress removal aluminum melt of being removed the gred by degasification, improves the quality of the aluminum alloy holding poles cast out;The quenching pressure of quenching, cooldown rate, chilling temperature are carried out being segmented accurate control according to quenching cooling law to carry out three-level quenching, aluminum alloy plate materials quenching degree is improved, while quenched residual stress is minimized;Step in technique(5)、(7)、(10)Total extensibility be all not more than 3%, and step drawing, it is high, tough resistance to good and corrosion-resistant to stretch obtained aluminum alloy plate materials intensity, while reducing the residual stress that aluminium alloy plate material is produced in quenching process.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to nonferrous materials processing technology field, and in particular to a kind of preparation technology of aluminum alloy plate materials.
Background technology
The aluminum alloy plate materials of high-strength and high ductility the fields such as aircraft industry, war industry, civilian industry application widely.
Particularly in aircraft industry, aviation integral structure component is generally directly milled into using high-strength aluminum alloy slab.For
The high performance aluminum alloy plate materials of acquisition, it is necessary to by ingot blank by processes such as rolling, quenching, pre-stretchings, in this series of work
Aluminum alloy plate materials can all have corresponding residual stress in sequence, and machining deformation problem caused by residual stress is aviation automation system
The bottleneck problem in field is made, the development and production of type aircraft is seriously govern.
With national " big aircraft " startup of project, the demand to big cross section, high-quality aluminium alloy Wide and Thick Slab becomes day
It is beneficial urgent.The generous sheet material of high-performance aluminium alloy occupies sizable in the manufacture of the structural members such as fuselage, the wing of large aircraft
Proportion.In order to reduce aluminium alloy thick plate residual stress, just stretch processing, ten thousand tons must be carried out to it using large-scale tension stretcher
The large-scale tension stretcher of level is the key equipment for producing high performance turbine level aluminium alloy thick plate product.The large-scale tension force of this rank
Not only technical indicator is high, expensive but also category sensitive product for stretching-machine, invests huge and be difficult to introduce, current large-scale of China
Aluminium alloy processing factory only has only a few to equip the large-scale tension stretcher of ton for producing high-performance aluminium alloy slab.It is existing
The aluminum alloy plate materials of technology production are when aluminum alloy plate materials thickness is 80 ~ 200mm, and quenched residual stress eradicating efficacy is not good;When
The stretching-machine pulling force of aluminum alloy plate materials ultra-thick plate is inadequate when thickness is more than 200mm, it is impossible to effectively weaken quenched residual stress, therefore
The aluminum alloy ultra-thick plate quenched residual stress of prior art production is big, it is yielding to machine.
The content of the invention
In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, quenched residual stress, follow-up machine are effectively reduced it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of
The preparation technology for processing a kind of on-deformable aluminum alloy plate materials.
To achieve these goals, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:A kind of preparation technology of aluminum alloy plate materials, its
It is characterised by, comprises the following steps:
(1)Homogenization:By fine aluminium ingot and intermetallic metal melting, the hydrogen slag concentration in degasification slagging-off process reduction aluminum melt is carried out,
The oxide and non-metallic inclusion in aluminum melt are removed by filter progress again, aluminum alloy holding poles is cast out and carries out uniform
Change, the intermetallic metal includes zinc ingot metal, magnesium ingot, cathode copper, Al-Zr, Al-Ti, the matter of the aluminum alloy holding poles each component cast out
Amount percentage, which is constituted, is:Zn 4.5%~9.5%, Mg 1.0%~2.8%, Cu 0~2.5%, Zr 0.05%~0.25%, surplus is
Al;
(2)Machining:By the aluminum alloy holding poles crop end after homogenization, 400~600mm thickness is sawed into, 1500~2000mm is wide
Hot rolling blank;
(3)Preheating:By step(2)Hot rolling blank heated 4~20 hours at 350~450 DEG C;
(4)Hot rolling:After the completion of preheating, hot rolling blank is rolled into the sheet material that thickness is 80~300mm;
(5)Stretching:By step(4)In sheet material go to stretching-machine stretching, amount of tension be 0.5%~1.5%;
(6)Solution hardening:By step(5)In sheet material input roller bottom stove in, 450~490 DEG C of holding temperature, soaking time 500
~900min, then carries out three-level quenching, first order quenching:Solid solubility temperature is cooled to 430 DEG C -440 from 450 DEG C -490 DEG C
DEG C, quenching hydraulic pressure is 1.2~2.4 bar, 5~20 DEG C/s of cooldown rate;The second level is quenched:The first order is quenched to the aluminium terminated to close
Golden plate material is cooled to 220 DEG C -240 DEG C, and quenching hydraulic pressure is 3.0~5.0bar, 30~50 DEG C/s of cooldown rate;The third level is quenched
Fire:The second level is quenched to the aluminium alloy plate material terminated and is cooled to 35 DEG C -45 DEG C, the bar of hydraulic pressure 0.5~2.0, cooling speed is quenched
5~15 DEG C/s of rate;
(7)Stretching:The sheet material that three-level is quenched after terminating goes to stretching-machine stretching, and total amount of tension is 2%~3%, first carries out prestretching
Stretch, 0~0.2% is pulled in advance, then carry out the first step successively and be stretched to the stretching of the 4th step, the first step is stretched to 0.2~1.0%, second
Step is stretched to 1.0~1.5%, and the 3rd step is stretched to 1.5~2.0%, and the 4th step is stretched to 2.0~3.0%, 1~4mm/ of rate of extension
min;
(8)Ageing Treatment:Ageing Treatment of the sheet material after terminating in 80~120 DEG C of 2~12h of progress of the first order will be stretched, afterwards
In 150~170 DEG C of 4~24h of progress in second level Ageing Treatment;
(9)Solution hardening:By step(8)In sheet material input roller bottom stove in, 450~490 DEG C of holding temperature, soaking time 300
~1200min, then carries out three-level quenching;
(10)Stretching:The sheet material that three-level is quenched after terminating goes to stretching-machine stretching, and total amount of tension is 2%~3%, first carries out prestretching
Stretch, 0~0.2% is pulled in advance, then carry out the first step successively and be stretched to the stretching of the 4th step, the first step is stretched to 0.2~1.0%, second
Step is stretched to 1.0~1.5%, and the 3rd step is stretched to 1.5~2.0%, and the 4th step is stretched to 2.0~3.0%, 1~4mm/ of rate of extension
min;
(11)Ageing Treatment:By sheet material 80~120 DEG C of first order progress, 2~12h Ageing Treatment, afterwards in the second level 150
Sheet material is gone to moist closet by~170 DEG C of 4~24h of progress Ageing Treatment, Ageing Treatment after terminating, and ensures the cooling speed of sheet material
Rate is 2~10 DEG C/h, and the aluminum alloy plate materials are obtained when sheet material is down to room temperature.
Preferably, the aluminium alloy plate material is Al-Zn-Mg- (Cu)-Zr aluminium alloys, the matter of the aluminium alloy each component
Amount percentage, which is constituted, is:Zn 5.5%~9.5%, Mg 2.0%~2.8%, Cu 1.0~2.5%, Zr 0.10%~0.25%, surplus
For Al.
Preferably, the thickness of the low residual stress aluminum alloy plate materials is 80~200mm.
Preferably, the quenching water temperature of first order quenching be 15~25 DEG C, quenching velocity be 2.5~4m/min, quenching
Sprinkler height is 160~200mm;The quenching water temperature of second level quenching is 15~25 DEG C, quenching velocity be 1.5~2.5m/min,
Quenching sprinkler height is 100~140mm;The quenching water temperature of third level quenching is 15~25 DEG C, quenching velocity be 3~5m/min,
Quenching sprinkler height is 160~200mm.
Preferably, the step(9)It is middle by aluminium alloy plate material solid solubility temperature insulation after, carry out three-level quenching:
The first order is quenched:Solid solubility temperature is cooled to 435 DEG C from 470 DEG C, quenching hydraulic pressure is 2.0~2.4 bar, cooldown rate 10
~20 DEG C/s;
The second level is quenched:The first order is quenched to the aluminium alloy plate material terminated and is cooled to 230 DEG C, quenching hydraulic pressure is 4.0~
5.0bar, 35~50 DEG C/s of cooldown rate;
The third level quenches:The second level is quenched to the aluminium alloy plate material terminated and is cooled to 40 DEG C, the bar of hydraulic pressure 1.0~2.0 is quenched,
10~15 DEG C/s of cooldown rate.
Preferably, the step(3)In hot rolling blank heated 10~20 hours at 400~450 DEG C.
Preferably, the step(5)In sheet material amount of tension be 0.8%~1.5%.
Preferably, the step(7)In stretching total amount of tension be 2.5%, rate of extension is 1.5mm/min.
Preferably, the step(8)Ageing Treatment first order Ageing Treatment time be 6h, second level Ageing Treatment
Time be 12h.
Preferably, the step(11)Ageing Treatment need to ensure sheet material rate of temperature fall be 6 DEG C/h.
Hydrogen slag in a kind of preparation technology of aluminum alloy plate materials of the present invention, the process reduction aluminum melt that removed the gred by degasification is dense
Degree, to reduce the stomata or pin hole in ingot casting, the oxide and non-metallic inclusion in aluminum melt are removed by filter progress, with
The defects such as loose, stomata, slag inclusion in ingot casting are reduced, it is possible thereby to improve the quality of the aluminum alloy holding poles cast out, so as to subtract
The residual stress that aluminium alloy plate material is produced in quenching process in few follow-up preparation technology;By aluminium alloy plate material in solid solubility temperature
After insulation, three-level quenching is carried out:First order quenching is quenched with low pressure, and second level quenching is quenched with high pressure, and the third level is quenched with low
Pressure quenching, carries out being segmented accurate control according to quenching cooling law to the quenching pressure of quenching, cooldown rate, chilling temperature, with
Quenched residual stress is minimized while realizing central layer through hardening after the quenching of aluminium alloy plate material;A kind of low residual stress aluminium is closed
Step in the preparation technology of golden plate material(5), step(7), step(10)Stretching total extensibility all be not more than 3%, and substep draw
Stretch so that the intensity of aluminium alloy plate material that stretching is obtained is high, good toughness and corrosion-resistant, while being effectively reduced in quenching process
The residual stress that aluminium alloy plate material is produced.
Embodiment
The following examples can help those skilled in the art that the present invention is more fully understood, but cannot be with any
Mode limits the present invention.
Embodiment 1
A kind of preparation technology of aluminum alloy plate materials, comprises the following steps:
(1)Homogenization:It is by mass percent composition:Zn 4.5%~8.5%, Mg 1.0%~2.6%, Cu 0.0~2.0%, Zr
0.05%~0.20%, surplus is Al aluminium alloy plate material melting, and the hydrogen slag carried out in degasification slagging-off process reduction aluminum melt is dense
Degree, then the oxide and non-metallic inclusion in aluminum melt are removed by filter progress, cast out aluminum alloy holding poles and carry out equal
Homogenize;
(2)Machining:By the aluminum alloy holding poles crop end after homogenization, 400mm thickness, hot rolling blank wide 1500mm are sawed into;
(3)Preheating:By step(2)Hot rolling blank heated 4 hours at 350 DEG C;
(4)Hot rolling:After the completion of preheating, hot rolling blank is rolled into the sheet material that thickness is 80mm;
(5)Stretching:By step(4)In sheet material go to stretching-machine stretching, amount of tension is 0.5%;
(6)Solution hardening:By step(5)In sheet material input roller bottom stove in, 450 DEG C of holding temperature, soaking time 500min, with
Three-level quenching, first order quenching are carried out afterwards:Solid solubility temperature is cooled to 430 DEG C from 450 DEG C, quenching water temperature is 15 DEG C, quenching speed
Degree be 2.5m/min, quenching sprinkler height be 160mm, quenching hydraulic pressure be 1.2bar, 5 DEG C/s of cooldown rate;The second level is quenched:Will
The aluminium alloy plate material that first order quenching terminates is cooled to 220 DEG C, and quenching water temperature is 15 DEG C, quenching velocity is 1.5m/min, quenched
Fire-fighting grease head highness is 100mm, and quenching hydraulic pressure is 3.0bar, 30 DEG C/s of cooldown rate;The third level quenches:Second level quenching is terminated
Aluminium alloy plate material be cooled to 35 DEG C, quenching water temperature is 15 DEG C, quenching velocity is that 3m/min, quenching sprinkler height are 160mm,
Quench hydraulic pressure 0.5bar, 5 DEG C/s of cooldown rate.
(7)Stretching:The sheet material that three-level is quenched after terminating goes to stretching-machine stretching, and total amount of tension is 2%, is first pre-stretched, in advance
Amount of tension is 0%, then the progress first step is stretched to the stretching of the 4th step successively, and the first step is stretched to 0.2%, and second step is stretched to
1.0%, the 3rd step is stretched to 1.5%, and the 4th step is stretched to 2.0%, rate of extension 1mm/min;
(8)Ageing Treatment:Ageing Treatment of the sheet material after terminating in 80 DEG C of progress 2h of the first order will be stretched, afterwards in the second level
150 DEG C of progress 4h Ageing Treatment;
(9)Repeat step(6)And step(7);
(10)Ageing Treatment:By sheet material 80 DEG C of first order progress 2h Ageing Treatment, afterwards 150 DEG C of second level progress 4h's
Sheet material is gone to moist closet by Ageing Treatment, Ageing Treatment after terminating, and ensures the rate of temperature fall of sheet material for 2 DEG C/h, when sheet material drop
The aluminum alloy plate materials are obtained during to room temperature.
Embodiment 2
A kind of preparation technology of aluminum alloy plate materials, comprises the following steps:
(1)Homogenization:It is by mass percent composition:Zn 7.5%~9.5%, Mg 1.5%~2.8%, Cu 0.05~2.5%, Zr
0.05%~0.25%, surplus is Al aluminium alloy plate material melting, and the hydrogen slag carried out in degasification slagging-off process reduction aluminum melt is dense
Degree, then the oxide and non-metallic inclusion in aluminum melt are removed by filter progress, cast out aluminum alloy holding poles and carry out equal
Homogenize;
(2)Machining:By the aluminum alloy holding poles crop end after homogenization, 600mm thickness, hot rolling blank wide 2000mm are sawed into;
(3)Preheating:By step(2)Hot rolling blank heated 20 hours at 450 DEG C;
(4)Hot rolling:After the completion of preheating, hot rolling blank is rolled into the sheet material that thickness is 300mm;
(5)Stretching:By step(4)In sheet material go to stretching-machine stretching, amount of tension is 1.5%;
(6)Solution hardening:By step(5)In sheet material input roller bottom stove in, 490 DEG C of holding temperature, soaking time 900min, with
Three-level quenching, first order quenching are carried out afterwards:Solid solubility temperature is cooled to 440 DEG C from 490 DEG C, quenching water temperature is 25 DEG C, quenching speed
Degree be 4m/min, quenching sprinkler height be 200mm, quenching hydraulic pressure be 2.4 bar, 20 DEG C/s of cooldown rate;The second level is quenched:Will
The aluminium alloy plate material that first order quenching terminates is cooled to 240 DEG C, and quenching water temperature is 25 DEG C, quenching velocity is 2.5m/min, quenched
Fire-fighting grease head highness is 140mm, and quenching hydraulic pressure is 5.0bar, 50 DEG C/s of cooldown rate;The third level quenches:Second level quenching is terminated
Aluminium alloy plate material be cooled to 45 DEG C, quenching water temperature is 25 DEG C, quenching velocity is that 5m/min, quenching sprinkler height are 200mm,
Quench the bar of hydraulic pressure 2.0,15 DEG C/s of cooldown rate.
(7)Stretching:The sheet material that three-level is quenched after terminating goes to stretching-machine stretching, and total amount of tension is 3%, is first pre-stretched, in advance
Amount of tension is 0.2%, then the progress first step is stretched to the stretching of the 4th step successively, and the first step is stretched to 1.0%, and second step is stretched to
1.5%, the 3rd step is stretched to 2.0%, and the 4th step is stretched to 3.0%, rate of extension 4mm/min;
(8)Ageing Treatment:Ageing Treatment of the sheet material after terminating in 120 DEG C of progress 12h of the first order will be stretched, afterwards in the second level
170 DEG C of progress 24h Ageing Treatment;
(9)Repeat step(6)And step(7);
(10)Ageing Treatment:By sheet material 120 DEG C of first order progress 12h Ageing Treatment, afterwards in the progress of 170 DEG C of the second level
Sheet material is gone to moist closet by 24h Ageing Treatment, Ageing Treatment after terminating, and ensures the rate of temperature fall of sheet material for 10 DEG C/h, when
Sheet material obtains the aluminum alloy plate materials when being down to room temperature.
Embodiment 3
A kind of preparation technology of aluminum alloy plate materials, comprises the following steps:
(1)Homogenization:It is by mass percent composition:Zn 5.5%~9.5%, Mg 2.0%~2.8%, Cu 1.0~2.5%, Zr
0.10%~0.25%, surplus is Al aluminium alloy plate material melting, and the hydrogen slag carried out in degasification slagging-off process reduction aluminum melt is dense
Degree, then the oxide and non-metallic inclusion in aluminum melt are removed by filter progress, cast out aluminum alloy holding poles and carry out equal
Homogenize;
(2)Machining:By the aluminum alloy holding poles crop end after homogenization, 500mm thickness, hot rolling blank wide 1700mm are sawed into;
(3)Preheating:By step(2)Hot rolling blank heated 10 hours at 400 DEG C;
(4)Hot rolling:After the completion of preheating, hot rolling blank is rolled into the sheet material that thickness is 200mm;
(5)Stretching:By step(4)In sheet material go to stretching-machine stretching, amount of tension is 1.0%;
(6)Solution hardening:By step(5)In sheet material input roller bottom stove in, 470 DEG C of holding temperature, soaking time 700min, with
Three-level quenching, first order quenching are carried out afterwards:Solid solubility temperature is cooled to 435 DEG C from 470 DEG C, quenching water temperature is 20 DEG C, quenching speed
Degree be 3m/min, quenching sprinkler height be 180mm, quenching hydraulic pressure be 2.0bar, 10 DEG C/s of cooldown rate;The second level is quenched:Will
The aluminium alloy plate material that first order quenching terminates is cooled to 230 DEG C, and quenching water temperature is 20 DEG C, quenching velocity is 2.0m/min, quenched
Fire-fighting grease head highness is 120mm, and quenching hydraulic pressure is 4.0bar, 35 DEG C/s of cooldown rate;The third level quenches:Second level quenching is terminated
Aluminium alloy plate material be cooled to 40 DEG C, quenching water temperature is 20 DEG C, quenching velocity is that 4m/min, quenching sprinkler height are 180mm,
Quench hydraulic pressure 1.0bar, 10 DEG C/s of cooldown rate.
(7)Stretching:The sheet material that three-level is quenched after terminating goes to stretching-machine stretching, and total amount of tension is 2.5%, is first pre-stretched,
Pre-stretching amount is 0.1%, then the progress first step is stretched to the stretching of the 4th step successively, and the first step is stretched to 0.5%, and second step is stretched to
1.2%, the 3rd step is stretched to 1.8%, and the 4th step is stretched to 2.5%, rate of extension 1.5mm/min;
(8)Ageing Treatment:Ageing Treatment of the sheet material after terminating in 100 DEG C of progress 6h of the first order will be stretched, afterwards in the second level
160 DEG C of progress 12h Ageing Treatment;
(9)Repeat step(6)And step(7);
(10)Ageing Treatment:By sheet material 100 DEG C of first order progress 6h Ageing Treatment, afterwards in 160 DEG C of second level progress 12h
Ageing Treatment, sheet material goes to moist closet by Ageing Treatment after terminating, and ensures that the rate of temperature fall of sheet material is 6 DEG C/h, works as sheet material
The aluminum alloy plate materials are obtained when being down to room temperature.
Embodiment 4
Compared with Example 3, the step of preparation technology of a kind of aluminum alloy plate materials of embodiment 4(4)It is to be rolled into hot rolling blank
Thickness is 80mm sheet material, and the step of remaining prepares aluminum alloy plate materials is same as Example 3.
It is that 160mm width is 1800mm that embodiment 5, which prepares thickness, and length is 6000mm 7050 ultra-thick plates
A kind of preparation technology of aluminum alloy plate materials, comprises the following steps:
(1)Melting Quality percentage is constituted:Zn 5.7%~6.7%, Mg1.9%~2.6%, Cu 2.0~2.6%, Zr 0.08%
~0.15%, surplus is Al aluminium alloy plate material, after deaerated, filtering, carries out semi-continuous casting, and it is 520mm's to cast out thickness
Slab ingot.
(2)By slab cut end tail and peeling, after preheating, rolling process, the slab that thickness is 160mm is prepared.
(3)Hot rolling is gone into stretching-machine stretching, amount of tension is 0.8%.
(4)Sheet material is subjected to grade quench, first order quenching technical in the laggard rows of 470 DEG C of solid solution 600min:Quench hydraulic pressure
Be up and down 2.0 bar, quenching water temperature be 20 DEG C, quenching velocity be that 3m/min, quenching sprinkler height are 180mm;Quench the second level
Ignition technique:Be above and below quenching hydraulic pressure 4.0bar, quenching water temperature be 20 DEG C, quenching velocity be that 2m/min, quenching sprinkler height are
120mm;Third level quenching technical:Be above and below quenching hydraulic pressure 1.0 bar, quenching water temperature be 20 DEG C, quenching velocity is 4m/min, quenches
Fire-fighting grease head highness is 180mm.
(5)After solution hardening, sheet material is directly gone into stretching-machine stretching, total amount of tension is 2.5%, is pre-stretched 0.2%+ first
Step, which is pulled to 1.0%+ second steps and is pulled to the steps of 1.5%+ the 3rd and is pulled to the steps of 2.0%+ the 4th, is pulled to 2.5%, rate of extension 1.5mm/min.
(6)Through 110 DEG C/6h+160 DEG C/12h timeliness.
(7)Repeat(4)(5)Step.
(8)Enter moist closet after 110 DEG C/6h+160 DEG C/12h timeliness, the rate of temperature fall of sheet material is 5 DEG C/h, produces plate
Material.
Embodiment 6 prepares thickness for 250mm, and width is 1800mm, and length is 6000mm 7050 ultra-thick plates
A kind of preparation technology of aluminum alloy plate materials, comprises the following steps:
(1)Melting Quality percentage is constituted:Zn 5.7%~6.7%, Mg1.9%~2.6%, Cu 2.0~2.6%, Zr 0.08%
~0.15%, surplus is Al aluminium alloy plate material, after deaerated, filtering, carries out semi-continuous casting, and it is 520mm's to cast out thickness
Slab ingot.
(2)By slab cut end tail and peeling, after preheating, rolling process, the slab that thickness is 250mm is prepared.
(3)Hot rolling is gone into stretching-machine stretching, amount of tension is 0.8%.
(4)Sheet material is subjected to grade quench, first order quenching technical in the laggard rows of 470 DEG C of solid solution 800min:Quench hydraulic pressure
Be up and down 2.2 bar, quenching water temperature be 20 DEG C, quenching velocity be that 3m/min, quenching sprinkler height are 170mm;Quench the second level
Ignition technique:Be above and below quenching hydraulic pressure 4.5bar, quenching water temperature be 20 DEG C, quenching velocity be that 2m/min, quenching sprinkler height are
110mm;Third level quenching technical:Be above and below quenching hydraulic pressure 1.2 bar, quenching water temperature be 20 DEG C, quenching velocity is 4m/min, quenches
Fire-fighting grease head highness is 170mm.
(5)After solution hardening, sheet material is directly gone into stretching-machine stretching, total amount of tension is 1.5%, is pre-stretched 0.2%+ first
Step, which is pulled to 0.8%+ second steps and is pulled to the steps of 1.2%+ the 3rd, is pulled to 1.5%, rate of extension 1.5mm/min.
(6)Through 110 DEG C/6h+160 DEG C/12h timeliness.
(7)Repeat(4)(5)Step.
(8)Enter moist closet after 110 DEG C/6h+160 DEG C/12h timeliness, the rate of temperature fall of sheet material is 5 DEG C/h, produces plate
Material.
Comparative example 1 prepares thickness for 160mm, and width is 1800mm, and length is 6000mm 7050 ultra-thick plates
A kind of preparation technology of aluminum alloy plate materials, comprises the following steps:
(1)Melting Quality percentage is constituted:Zn 5.7%~6.7%, Mg1.9%~2.6%, Cu 2.0~2.6%, Zr 0.08%
~0.15%, surplus is Al aluminium alloy plate material, after deaerated, filtering, carries out semi-continuous casting, and it is 520mm's to cast out thickness
Slab ingot.
(2)By slab cut end tail and peeling, after preheating, rolling process, the slab that thickness is 160mm is prepared.
(3)Sheet material is subjected to single-stage quenching, quenching technical in the laggard rows of 470 DEG C of solid solution 600min:Quench hydraulic pressure equal up and down
Be 20 DEG C for 4.0bar, quenching water temperature, quenching velocity be that 2m/min, quenching sprinkler height are 120mm.
(4)The single stage drawing that deflection is 2.5%, rate of extension 1.5mm/min are carried out after quenching.
(5)After stretching after 110 DEG C/6h+160 DEG C/12h timeliness natural cooling, produce sheet material.
Comparative example 2 prepares thickness for 250mm, and width is 1800mm, and length is 6000mm 7050 ultra-thick plates
A kind of preparation technology of aluminum alloy plate materials, comprises the following steps:
(1)Melting Quality percentage is constituted:Zn 5.7%~6.7%, Mg1.9%~2.6%, Cu 2.0~2.6%, Zr 0.08%
~0.15%, surplus is Al aluminium alloy plate material, after deaerated, filtering, carries out semi-continuous casting, and it is 520mm's to cast out thickness
Slab ingot.
(2)By slab cut end tail and peeling, after preheating, rolling process, the slab that thickness is 250mm is prepared.
(3)Sheet material is subjected to single-stage quenching, quenching technical in the laggard rows of 470 DEG C of solid solution 800min:Quench hydraulic pressure equal up and down
Be 20 DEG C for 4.5bar, quenching water temperature, quenching velocity be that 2m/min, quenching sprinkler height are 110mm.
(4)The single stage drawing that deflection is 1.5%, rate of extension 1.5mm/min are carried out after quenching.
(5)After stretching after 110 DEG C/6h+160 DEG C/12h timeliness natural cooling, produce sheet material.
Detect the residual stress situation of the embodiment 1-6 and comparative example 1-2 sheet material prepared, test result such as table 1.
Table 1
Group number | Quenching state stress/MPa | Quenched residual stress/MPa | Residual stress eradicating efficacy/% |
Embodiment 1 | -245.3 | -11.5 | 95.3 |
Embodiment 2 | -298.5 | -49.6 | 83.4 |
Embodiment 3 | -267.6 | -41.2 | 84.6 |
Embodiment 4 | -243.8 | -10.7 | 95.6 |
Embodiment 5 | -256.4 | -15.9 | 94.1 |
Embodiment 6 | -280.8 | -42.1 | 85.0 |
Comparative example 1 | -256.4 | -66.2 | 75.1 |
Comparative example 2 | -280.8 | -225.6 | 19.7 |
From above-mentioned test result, a kind of preparation technology of aluminum alloy plate materials of the invention is effectively reduced aluminium in quenching process and closed
The residual stress that golden plate material is produced, so as to get aluminum alloy plate materials intensity is high, good toughness and corrosion-resistant, while adding in follow-up machine
Work is unlikely to deform.
Although above the present invention is described in detail with a general description of the specific embodiments,
On the basis of the present invention, it can be made some modifications or improvements, this will be apparent to those skilled in the art.Cause
This, these modifications or improvements, belong to the scope of protection of present invention without departing from theon the basis of the spirit of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of preparation technology of aluminum alloy plate materials, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
(1)Homogenization:By fine aluminium ingot and intermetallic metal melting, the hydrogen slag concentration in degasification slagging-off process reduction aluminum melt is carried out,
The oxide and non-metallic inclusion in aluminum melt are removed by filter progress again, aluminum alloy holding poles is cast out and carries out uniform
Change, the intermetallic metal includes zinc ingot metal, magnesium ingot, cathode copper, Al-Zr, Al-Ti, the matter of the aluminum alloy holding poles each component cast out
Amount percentage, which is constituted, is:Zn 4.5%~9.5%, Mg 1.0%~2.8%, Cu 0~2.5%, Zr 0.05%~0.25%, surplus is
Al;
(2)Machining:By the aluminum alloy holding poles crop end after homogenization, 400~600mm thickness is sawed into, 1500~2000mm is wide
Hot rolling blank;
(3)Preheating:By step(2)Hot rolling blank heated 4~20 hours at 350~450 DEG C;
(4)Hot rolling:After the completion of preheating, hot rolling blank is rolled into the sheet material that thickness is 80~300mm;
(5)Stretching:By step(4)In sheet material go to stretching-machine stretching, amount of tension be 0.5%~1.5%;
(6)Solution hardening:By step(5)In sheet material input roller bottom stove in, 450~490 DEG C of holding temperature, soaking time 500
~900min, then carries out three-level quenching, first order quenching:Solid solubility temperature is cooled to 430 DEG C -440 from 450 DEG C -490 DEG C
DEG C, quenching hydraulic pressure is 1.2~2.4 bar, 5~20 DEG C/s of cooldown rate;The second level is quenched:The first order is quenched to the aluminium terminated to close
Golden plate material is cooled to 220 DEG C -240 DEG C, and quenching hydraulic pressure is 3.0~5.0bar, 30~50 DEG C/s of cooldown rate;The third level is quenched
Fire:The second level is quenched to the aluminium alloy plate material terminated and is cooled to 35 DEG C -45 DEG C, the bar of hydraulic pressure 0.5~2.0, cooling speed is quenched
5~15 DEG C/s of rate;
(7)Stretching:The sheet material that three-level is quenched after terminating goes to stretching-machine stretching, and total amount of tension is 2%~3%, first carries out prestretching
Stretch, 0~0.2% is pulled in advance, then carry out the first step successively and be stretched to the stretching of the 4th step, the first step is stretched to 0.2~1.0%, second
Step is stretched to 1.0~1.5%, and the 3rd step is stretched to 1.5~2.0%, and the 4th step is stretched to 2.0~3.0%, 1~4mm/ of rate of extension
min;
(8)Ageing Treatment:Ageing Treatment of the sheet material after terminating in 80~120 DEG C of 2~12h of progress of the first order will be stretched, afterwards
In 150~170 DEG C of 4~24h of progress in second level Ageing Treatment;
(9)Solution hardening:By step(8)In sheet material input roller bottom stove in, 450~490 DEG C of holding temperature, soaking time 300
~1200min, then carries out three-level quenching;
(10)Stretching:The sheet material that three-level is quenched after terminating goes to stretching-machine stretching, and total amount of tension is 2%~3%, first carries out prestretching
Stretch, 0~0.2% is pulled in advance, then carry out the first step successively and be stretched to the stretching of the 4th step, the first step is stretched to 0.2~1.0%, second
Step is stretched to 1.0~1.5%, and the 3rd step is stretched to 1.5~2.0%, and the 4th step is stretched to 2.0~3.0%, 1~4mm/ of rate of extension
min;
(11)Ageing Treatment:By sheet material 80~120 DEG C of first order progress, 2~12h Ageing Treatment, afterwards in the second level 150
Sheet material is gone to moist closet by~170 DEG C of 4~24h of progress Ageing Treatment, Ageing Treatment after terminating, and ensures the cooling speed of sheet material
Rate is 2~10 DEG C/h, and the aluminum alloy plate materials are obtained when sheet material is down to room temperature.
2. a kind of preparation technology of aluminum alloy plate materials according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the aluminium alloy plate material
It is Al-Zn-Mg- (Cu)-Zr aluminium alloys, the mass percent composition of the aluminium alloy each component is:Zn 5.5%~9.5%, Mg
2.0%~2.8%, Cu 1.0~2.5%, Zr 0.10%~0.25%, surplus is Al.
3. a kind of preparation technology of aluminum alloy plate materials according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the low residual stress aluminium
The thickness of sheet alloy is 80~200mm.
4. the preparation technology of a kind of aluminum alloy plate materials according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the first order quenching
Quenching water temperature is 15~25 DEG C, quenching velocity is that 2.5~4m/min, quenching sprinkler height are 160~200mm;The second level is quenched
Quenching water temperature be 15~25 DEG C, quenching velocity be that 1.5~2.5m/min, quenching sprinkler height are 100~140mm;The third level
The quenching water temperature of quenching is 15~25 DEG C, quenching velocity is that 3~5m/min, quenching sprinkler height are 160~200mm.
5. a kind of preparation technology of aluminum alloy plate materials according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the step(9)In, will
Aluminium alloy plate material carries out three-level quenching after solid solubility temperature insulation:
The first order is quenched:Solid solubility temperature is cooled to 435 DEG C from 470 DEG C, quenching hydraulic pressure is 2.0~2.4 bar, cooldown rate 10
~20 DEG C/s;
The second level is quenched:The first order is quenched to the aluminium alloy plate material terminated and is cooled to 230 DEG C, quenching hydraulic pressure is 4.0~
5.0bar, 35~50 DEG C/s of cooldown rate;
The third level quenches:The second level is quenched to the aluminium alloy plate material terminated and is cooled to 40 DEG C, the bar of hydraulic pressure 1.0~2.0 is quenched,
10~15 DEG C/s of cooldown rate.
6. a kind of preparation technology of aluminum alloy plate materials according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the step(3)In
Hot rolling blank is heated 10~20 hours at 400~450 DEG C.
7. a kind of preparation technology of aluminum alloy plate materials according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the step(5)In
The amount of tension of sheet material is 0.8%~1.5%.
8. a kind of preparation technology of aluminum alloy plate materials according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the step(7)In
Total amount of tension of stretching is 2.5%, and rate of extension is 1.5mm/min.
9. a kind of preparation technology of aluminum alloy plate materials according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the step(8)When
The time for imitating the first order Ageing Treatment of processing is 6h, and the time of second level Ageing Treatment is 12h.
10. a kind of preparation technology of aluminum alloy plate materials according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the step(11)'s
Ageing Treatment need to ensure that the rate of temperature fall of sheet material is 6 DEG C/h.
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