CN107234841A - 一种带立体花纹的装饰板材及其加工工艺 - Google Patents
一种带立体花纹的装饰板材及其加工工艺 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及装饰板材技术领域，具体为一种带立体花纹的装饰板材及其加工工艺，包括底层、粘结层、面料层和树脂层，所述底层的上端通过粘结层贴覆有面料层，所述面料层的上端贴覆有树脂层。一种带立体花纹的装饰板材的加工工艺，包括以下步骤：S1、打磨；S2、刷胶；S3、贴料；S4、倒油；S5、打磨。本带立体花纹的装饰板材，399A树脂胶由不饱和二元酸与二元醇缩聚后加入甲基苯乙烯制得，其具有较强的粘性，耐腐蚀性能佳，和环氧树脂混合后制得的混合液增加了力学性能，阻燃性能加强，抗干裂、抗湿性能强，延长了装饰板材的使用寿命；通过贴覆面料层，可以根据需要获得不同的花纹，增加美观性，而且这种面料层便宜，可以大量推广使用。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及装饰板材技术领域，具体为一种带立体花纹的装饰板材及其加工工艺。
背景技术
现有的装饰板材都存在各种不足，如铝塑板成本高、价格贵、容易变形；石膏板强度低、易分层脱落、不防潮不防水、比较重；硅钙板也有一定的变形，重量则比石膏板还要重，其他木质复合板也有一定的变形，且家里有小孩的容易在装饰板材上留下划痕，导致需要更换，降低了装饰板材的使用寿命，自然的石材、木材的花纹种类较少，而且带有花纹的石材、木材价格相对都是昂贵的，对于缺少花纹的石材、木材制作出来的装饰板材缺乏美观，为此，我们提出一种带立体花纹的装饰板材及其加工工艺。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种带立体花纹的装饰板材及其加工工艺，以解决上述背景技术中提出的问题。
为实现上述目的，本发明提供如下技术方案：
一种带立体花纹的装饰板材，包括底层、粘结层、面料层和树脂层，所述底层的上端通过粘结层贴覆有面料层，所述面料层的上端贴覆有树脂层。
优选的，所述底层的材料为石头、木板或中纤板中的一种。
优选的，所述面料层为涤沦与玻璃化纤混合的织物，且玻璃化纤与涤纶的质量比为1.5-3之间，所述面料层的厚度为2-4mm。
优选的，所述树脂层是由399A树脂胶、环氧树脂和添加剂组成，所述399A树脂胶与环氧树脂的质量比为1-1.5，添加剂与环氧树脂的质量比为0.05-0.08，将399A树脂胶和添加剂依次加入到环氧树脂中，加热搅拌融合，加热温度为45-60℃，搅拌时间为40-60min。
优选的，所述添加剂为3M94助粘剂。
优选的，所述399A树脂胶是由不饱和二元酸和二元醇缩聚后加入少量的甲基苯乙烯而成，且二元酸和二元醇的质量比为1，反应温度控制在200-210℃，搅拌30-45min，在二元酸和二元醇缩聚20min后加入甲基苯乙烯，所述甲基苯乙烯与二元酸的质量比为0.02-0.03。
一种带立体花纹的装饰板材的加工工艺，包括以下步骤：
S1、打磨：使用打磨机将底层按照底层材料的纹路进行打磨成型，底层(1)表面光滑无毛刺；
S2、刷胶：将S1中烘干的底层的上端面用刷子刷上一层胶水，所述胶水的厚度为1-3mm；
S3、贴料：在S2中胶水的上端面贴覆面料层，在40-50℃的干燥箱内烘干30-40min，取出；
S4、倒油：将混合液用喷枪均匀喷在面料层的表面，形成树脂层，且树脂层的厚度为3-5mm；
S5、打磨：待S4中得到的板材风干1-2h后打蜡抛光，即可得到该装饰板材。
优选的，所述步骤S1中的底层的材料为石头时，需将石头打磨后放入烘箱进行烘干处理，烘箱的温度控制在50-60℃，烘干时间为1-2h。
优选的，所述步骤S3中在贴覆面料层之前，在胶水表面贴覆一层纸，所述纸为衬底花纹的树皮纸。
优选的，所述步骤S3中在面料层的表面铺洒有哑光粉或彩色金粉。
与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果是：本带立体花纹的装饰板材，399A树脂胶由不饱和二元酸与二元醇缩聚后加入甲基苯乙烯制得，其具有较强的粘性，耐腐蚀性能佳，力学性能略低于环氧树脂，和环氧树脂混合后制得的混合液，增加了力学性能，阻燃性能加强，抗干裂、抗湿性能强，弹性较强，具有自动恢复能力，经久耐用，3M94助粘剂增加了树脂层的粘性，延长了装饰板材的使用寿命；本加工工艺中，通过贴覆面料层，可以根据需要获得不同的花纹，增加一层金粉，使得装饰板材可以闪闪发光，增加美观性，而且这种面料层便宜，可以大量推广使用。
附图说明
图1为本发明结构示意图。
图中：底层1、粘结层2、面料层3、树脂层4。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
请参阅图1，本发明提供一种技术方案：
实施例1
一种带立体花纹的装饰板材，包括底层1、粘结层2、面料层3和树脂层4，底层1的上端通过粘结层2贴覆有面料层3，面料层3的上端贴覆有树脂层4，底层1的材料为中纤板，面料层3为涤沦与玻璃化纤混合的织物，且玻璃化纤与涤纶的质量比为3，面料层3的厚度为4mm，树脂层4是由399A树脂胶、环氧树脂和添加剂组成，399A树脂胶与环氧树脂的质量比为1.5，添加剂与环氧树脂的质量比为0.08，将399A树脂胶和添加剂依次加入到环氧树脂中，加热搅拌融合，加热温度为60℃，搅拌时间为60min，399A树脂胶是由不饱和二元酸和二元醇缩聚后加入少量的甲基苯乙烯而成，且二元酸和二元醇的质量比为1，反应温度控制在210℃，搅拌45min，在二元酸和二元醇缩聚20min后加入甲基苯乙烯，甲基苯乙烯与二元酸的质量比为0.03。
一种带立体花纹的装饰板材的加工工艺，包括以下步骤：
S1、打磨：使用打磨机将底层1按照底层1材料的纹路进行打磨成型，底层1表面光滑无毛刺；
S2、刷胶：将S1中烘干的底层1的上端面用刷子刷上一层胶水，胶水的厚度为3mm；
S3、贴料：在S2中胶水的上端面贴覆面料层3，在50℃的干燥箱内烘干40min，取出；
S4、倒油：将混合液用喷枪均匀喷在面料层3的表面，形成树脂层4，且树脂层4的厚度为5mm；
S5、打磨：待S4中得到的板材风干2h后打蜡抛光，即可得到该装饰板材。
步骤S3中在贴覆面料层3之前，在胶水表面贴覆一层纸，纸为衬底花纹的树皮纸；步骤S3中在面料层3的表面铺洒有哑光粉或彩色金粉。
实施例2
一种带立体花纹的装饰板材，包括底层1、粘结层2、面料层3和树脂层4，底层1的上端通过粘结层2贴覆有面料层3，面料层3的上端贴覆有树脂层4，底层1的材料为木板，面料层3为涤沦与玻璃化纤混合的织物，且玻璃化纤与涤纶的质量比为2.5，面料层3的厚度为3mm，树脂层4是由399A树脂胶、环氧树脂和添加剂组成，399A树脂胶与环氧树脂的质量比为1.3，添加剂与环氧树脂的质量比为0.06，将399A树脂胶和添加剂依次加入到环氧树脂中，加热搅拌融合，加热温度为53℃，搅拌时间为50min，399A树脂胶是由不饱和二元酸和二元醇缩聚后加入少量的甲基苯乙烯而成，且二元酸和二元醇的质量比为1，反应温度控制在215℃，搅拌37min，在二元酸和二元醇缩聚20min后加入甲基苯乙烯，甲基苯乙烯与二元酸的质量比为0.015。
一种带立体花纹的装饰板材的加工工艺，包括以下步骤：
S1、打磨：使用打磨机将底层1按照底层1材料的纹路进行打磨成型，底层1表面光滑无毛刺；
S2、刷胶：将S1中烘干的底层1的上端面用刷子刷上一层胶水，胶水的厚度为2mm；
S3、贴料：在S2中胶水的上端面贴覆面料层3，在45℃的干燥箱内烘干35min，取出；
S4、倒油：将混合液用喷枪均匀喷在面料层3的表面，形成树脂层4，且树脂层4的厚度为4mm；
S5、打磨：待S4中得到的板材风干1.5h后打蜡抛光，即可得到该装饰板材。
步骤S3中在贴覆面料层3之前，在胶水表面贴覆一层纸，纸为衬底花纹的树皮纸；步骤S3中在面料层3的表面铺洒有哑光粉或彩色金粉。
实施例3
一种带立体花纹的装饰板材，包括底层1、粘结层2、面料层3和树脂层4，底层1的上端通过粘结层2贴覆有面料层3，面料层3的上端贴覆有树脂层4，底层1的材料为石头，面料层3为涤沦与玻璃化纤混合的织物，且玻璃化纤与涤纶的质量比为1.5，面料层3的厚度为2mm，树脂层4是由399A树脂胶、环氧树脂和添加剂组成，399A树脂胶与环氧树脂的质量比为1，添加剂与环氧树脂的质量比为0.05，将399A树脂胶和添加剂依次加入到环氧树脂中，加热搅拌融合，加热温度为45℃，搅拌时间为40min，399A树脂胶是由不饱和二元酸和二元醇缩聚后加入少量的甲基苯乙烯而成，且二元酸和二元醇的质量比为1，反应温度控制在200℃，搅拌30min，在二元酸和二元醇缩聚20min后加入甲基苯乙烯，甲基苯乙烯与二元酸的质量比为0.02。
一种带立体花纹的装饰板材的加工工艺，包括以下步骤：
S1、打磨：使用打磨机将底层1按照底层1材料的纹路进行打磨成型，底层1表面光滑无毛刺；
S2、刷胶：将S1中烘干的底层1的上端面用刷子刷上一层胶水，胶水的厚度为1mm；
S3、贴料：在S2中胶水的上端面贴覆面料层3，在40℃的干燥箱内烘干30min，取出；
S4、倒油：将混合液用喷枪均匀喷在面料层3的表面，形成树脂层4，且树脂层4的厚度为3mm；
S5、打磨：待S4中得到的板材风干1h后打蜡抛光，即可得到该装饰板材。
步骤S1中的底层1的材料为石头，需将石头打磨后放入烘箱进行烘干处理，烘箱的温度控制在50℃，烘干时间为1h；步骤S3中在贴覆面料层3之前，在胶水表面贴覆一层纸，纸为衬底花纹的树皮纸；步骤S3中在面料层3的表面铺洒有哑光粉或彩色金粉。
对本发明的装饰板材进行检测，做出如下对比例1。
对比例1
一种装饰板材，包括底层1、粘结层2、面料层3和面漆层，底层1的上端通过粘结层2贴覆有面料层3，面料层3的上端贴覆有面漆层，底层1的材料为石头，面料层3为涤沦与玻璃化纤混合的织物，且玻璃化纤与涤纶的质量比为1.5，面料层3的厚度为2mm。
一种装饰板材的加工工艺，包括以下步骤：
S1、打磨：使用打磨机将底层1按照底层1材料的纹路进行打磨成型，吹干净后使用喷枪喷一层底漆，待底漆自然风干，再进行打磨，重复操作2次，底层1表面光滑无毛刺，底漆风干时间为3h；
S2、烘干：将S1中打磨后的底层1放入烘箱中进行烘干处理，烘箱的温度控制在50℃，烘干时间为1h；
S3、刷胶：将S2中烘干的底层1的上端面用刷子刷上一层胶水，胶水的厚度为1mm；
S4、贴料：在S3中胶水的上端面满贴一层纸，然后将面料层3贴覆在纸上，在40℃的干燥箱内烘干30min，取出；
S5、倒油：将面漆用喷枪均匀喷在面料层3的表面，形成面漆层，且面漆层的厚度为3mm；
S6、打磨：待S5中得到的板材风干1h后打蜡抛光，得到装饰板材。
将实施例1、实施例2、实施例3和对比例1分别用刀划出1mm的划痕；将实施例1、实施例2、实施例3和对比例1分别放置在温度为-10℃、相对湿度为80％的环境下30天；将实施例1、实施例2、实施例3和对比例1分别放置在温度为50℃、相对湿度为5％的环境下30天，观察其表面情况，如下表：
表1
由以上实施例和对比例可知，通过在面料层3的表面贴覆一层树脂层4，使得装饰板材的抗寒性、抗热性、抗湿性、抗干性均有大大的提升，延长了装饰板材的使用寿命。
尽管已经示出和描述了本发明的实施例，对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以理解在不脱离本发明的原理和精神的情况下可以对这些实施例进行多种变化、修改、替换和变型，本发明的范围由所附权利要求及其等同物限定。
Claims (10)
1.一种带立体花纹的装饰板材，包括底层(1)、粘结层(2)、面料层(3)和树脂层(4)，其特征在于：所述底层(1)的上端通过粘结层(2)贴覆有面料层(3)，所述面料层(3)的上端贴覆有树脂层(4)。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种带立体花纹的装饰板材，其特征在于：所述底层(1)的材料为石头、木板或中纤板中的一种。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种带立体花纹的装饰板材，其特征在于：所述面料层(3)为涤沦与玻璃化纤混合的织物，且玻璃化纤与涤纶的质量比为1.5-3之间，所述面料层(3)的厚度为2-4mm。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种带立体花纹的装饰板材，其特征在于：所述树脂层(4)是由399A树脂胶、环氧树脂和添加剂组成，所述399A树脂胶与环氧树脂的质量比为1-1.5，添加剂与环氧树脂的质量比为0.05-0.08，将399A树脂胶和添加剂依次加入到环氧树脂中，加热搅拌融合，加热温度为45-60℃，搅拌时间为40-60min。
5.根据权利要求4所述的一种带立体花纹的装饰板材，其特征在于：所述添加剂为3M94助粘剂。
6.根据权利要求4所述的一种带立体花纹的装饰板材，其特征在于：所述399A树脂胶是由不饱和二元酸和二元醇缩聚后加入少量的甲基苯乙烯而成，且二元酸和二元醇的质量比为1，反应温度控制在200-210℃，搅拌30-45min，在二元酸和二元醇缩聚20min后加入甲基苯乙烯，所述甲基苯乙烯与二元酸的质量比为0.02-0.03。
7.一种如权利要求1-6任一项所述的一种带立体花纹的装饰板材的加工工艺，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
S1、打磨：使用打磨机将底层(1)按照底层(1)材料的纹路进行打磨成型，底层(1)表面光滑无毛刺；
S2、刷胶：将S1中烘干的底层(1)的上端面用刷子刷上一层胶水，所述胶水的厚度为1-3mm；
S3、贴料：在S2中胶水的上端面贴覆面料层(3)，在40-50℃的干燥箱内烘干30-40min，取出；
S4、倒油：将混合液用喷枪均匀喷在面料层(3)的表面，形成树脂层(4)，且树脂层(4)的厚度为3-5mm；
S5、打磨：待S4中得到的板材风干1-2h后打蜡抛光，即可得到该装饰板材。
8.根据权利要求7所述的一种带立体花纹的装饰板材的加工工艺，其特征在于：所述步骤S1中的底层(1)的材料为石头时，需将石头打磨后放入烘箱进行烘干处理，烘箱的温度控制在50-60℃，烘干时间为1-2h。
9.根据权利要求7所述的一种带立体花纹的装饰板材的加工工艺，其特征在于：所述步骤S3中在贴覆面料层(3)之前，在胶水表面贴覆一层纸，所述纸为衬底花纹的树皮纸。
10.根据权利要求7所述的一种带立体花纹的装饰板材的加工工艺，其特征在于：所述步骤S3中在面料层(3)的表面铺洒有哑光粉或彩色金粉。
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