CN107223605A - 一种泥鳅的饲养方法 - Google Patents

一种泥鳅的饲养方法 Download PDF

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CN107223605A
CN107223605A CN201710447352.5A CN201710447352A CN107223605A CN 107223605 A CN107223605 A CN 107223605A CN 201710447352 A CN201710447352 A CN 201710447352A CN 107223605 A CN107223605 A CN 107223605A
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钟选齐
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种泥鳅的饲养方法，选择水源充足，保水能力强，生态环境良好，周围无污染源，土壤肥沃，底质自然结构的土地建设池塘，每天上午6点和下午7点对泥鳅进行喂食，上午6点喂食发酵消毒后的鸡粪，下午7点使用混合饲料进行喂养，在养殖池投放的硅藻、水蚯蚓、幼螺、幼蚌可以满足泥鳅的基本生长需求，降低了养殖的饲料成本，本发明饲养方法改善池塘环境，预防泥鳅病害发生，提高成活率和产量，繁殖速度快、味道鲜美、营养丰富、绿色安全、提高产量。

Description

一种泥鳅的饲养方法
技术领域
本发明涉及水产养殖技术领域，特别涉及一种泥鳅的饲养方法。
背景技术
泥鳅属于小型鱼类，身体小而细长，其肉质细嫩、清淡、鲜美，营养价值高于一般鲤科鱼类，经济价值较高，泥鳅因其食性广，生命力强，不仅天然资源丰富，也适宜发展多形式养殖，泥鳅对环境有很强的适应能力，在池塘、沟边、湖泊、河流、水库、稻田等各种淡水水域中均能养殖繁衍，养殖效益较高；人工养殖一般是在天然河塘湖泊内，由人工投喂饲料或粪肥进行养殖，泥鳅容易受到外界环境的影响，同时人工投喂也会影响水质，捕捞也存在较大的不便，人工投放食物需要根据泥鳅的食量来调节，投喂食材也需要保证新鲜，需要花费较多的精力在投喂上面，而且人工喂食的泥鳅一般不具有野生泥鳅的口感；同时人们长期使用各种化学制剂，干扰鱼类的正常生长，鱼体上还会有化学残留，泥鳅经常生病，产量提升不了、人类食用后会对身体产生严重的危害。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种泥鳅的饲养方法，可以增强泥鳅的抵抗能力，降低泥鳅的发病率，具有可靠性高、绿色环保、产量高等优点。
为实现上述目的，本发明采用如下的技术方案：
一种泥鳅的饲养方法，包括以下步骤：
(1)养殖池的建设：选择水源充足，保水能力强，生态环境良好，周围无污染源，土壤肥沃，底质自然结构的土地建设池塘，建池时水池的四周用花岗岩砌筑成养殖池围墙，先向养殖池的底部铺一层厚度为20cm的土后再往养殖池内注入水，将成熟的硅藻经优选后放置于养殖池中，硅藻的养殖密度为0.02kg/m2，然后向养殖池的池底依次投入养殖密度为0.02kg/m2的水蚯蚓、养殖密度为0.05kg/m2幼螺、养殖密度为0.03kg/m2幼蚌，待1个月后将泥鳅苗种引入养殖池内；
(2)选种饲养：选择体表光滑、富有粘液、体色为青灰色的鳅苗，每亩放养体长为3-4cm的泥鳅苗种6-7万尾；或体长为5-6cm的苗种5-6万尾，放养前用40g/L食盐水浸浴消毒，挑出死泥鳅，确保池塘内泥鳅的存活率达到95％以上；投放后，在养殖池内种植水生植物；
(3)饲料投喂：每天上午6点和下午7点对泥鳅进行喂食，上午6点喂食发酵消毒后的鸡粪，下午7点使用混合饲料进行喂养，所述的混合饲料包括麦麸40-50份、豆粕18-22份，棉粕8-10份，鱼粉10-14份，酵母粉2.5-3.5份，喂养的时候使用中药包浸泡在池塘中，所述的中药包的中药组分包括黄芩20重量份、乌桕10重量份、大青草20重量份、石榴皮20重量份、白头翁10重量份、菖蒲10重量份和甘草20份，并将中药用纱布包裹投放在池塘中，每亩投放中药包2-5kg；
(4)水质调节：调节养殖池中的水质，使得水的透明度为20-30厘米；每月一次利用生石灰和微生物制剂调节养殖池池水的pH值，使得其范围在7-7.5内；每天进行2-3个小时的增氧，调节养殖池中水的溶氧量，使得溶氧量大于每升2.5毫克。
优选地，在鳅苗入池前10天，每亩用100-200千克的生石灰对养殖池进行清塘消毒，5-6天后注水40-60厘米。
优选地，当气温低于28℃时，每20-30天换一次水；当气温高于28℃时，每5-7天换一次水。
本发明的有益效果：1、本发明在养殖池投放的硅藻、水蚯蚓、幼螺、幼蚌可以满足泥鳅的基本生长需求，降低了养殖的饲料成本，构成一个良好的生态链；2、在池塘中直接投入中药包并浸泡，抗细菌、乌桕起到抗菌的作用，大青原起到抗病毒的作用，石榴皮能够杀灭寄生虫，白头翁抵抗真菌，而甘草能够增强泥鳅的免疫能力，同时避免使用药物，增加泥鳅的抵抗力，实现无公害健康养殖；池面种植水生植物用于泥鳅遮阳，同时改善池塘环境；放养前用食盐水对泥鳅进行浸浴消毒，提高泥鳅的成活率及产量。
具体实施方式
下面根据具体实施例来详细说明本发明，其中的示意性实施例以及说明仅用来解释本发明，但并不作为对本发明的限定。
实施例1
一种泥鳅的饲养方法，包括以下步骤：
(1)养殖池的建设：选择水源充足，保水能力强，生态环境良好，周围无污染源，土壤肥沃，底质自然结构的土地建设池塘，建池时水池的四周用花岗岩砌筑成养殖池围墙，先向养殖池的底部铺一层厚度为20cm的土后再往养殖池内注入水，将成熟的硅藻经优选后放置于养殖池中，硅藻的养殖密度为0.02kg/m2，然后向养殖池的池底依次投入养殖密度为0.02kg/m2的水蚯蚓、养殖密度为0.05kg/m2幼螺、养殖密度为0.03kg/m2幼蚌，待1个月后将泥鳅苗种引入养殖池内；
(2)选种饲养：选择体表光滑、富有粘液、体色为青灰色的鳅苗，每亩放养体长为3-4cm的泥鳅苗种6-7万尾；放养前用40g/L食盐水浸浴消毒，挑出死泥鳅，确保池塘内泥鳅的存活率达到95％以上；投放后，在养殖池内种植水生植物；在鳅苗入池前10天，每亩用150千克的生石灰对养殖池进行清塘消毒，5-6天后注水60厘米；
(3)饲料投喂：每天上午6点和下午7点对泥鳅进行喂食，上午6点喂食发酵消毒后的鸡粪，下午7点使用混合饲料进行喂养，所述的混合饲料包括麦麸44份、豆粕20份，棉粕10份，鱼粉12份，酵母粉3份，喂养的时候使用中药包浸泡在池塘中，所述的中药包的中药组分包括黄芩20重量份、乌桕10重量份、大青草20重量份、石榴皮20重量份、白头翁10重量份、菖蒲10重量份和甘草20份，并将中药用纱布包裹投放在池塘中，每亩投放中药包3kg；
(4)水质调节：调节养殖池中的水质，使得水的透明度为20-30厘米；每月一次利用生石灰和微生物制剂调节养殖池池水的pH值，使得其范围在7-7.5内；每天进行2-3个小时的增氧，调节养殖池中水的溶氧量，使得溶氧量大于每升2.5毫克；当气温低于28℃时，每20-30天换一次水；当气温高于28℃时，每5-7天换一次水。

Claims (3)

1.一种泥鳅的饲养方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
(1)养殖池的建设：选择水源充足，保水能力强，生态环境良好，周围无污染源，土壤肥沃，底质自然结构的土地建设池塘，建池时水池的四周用花岗岩砌筑成养殖池围墙，先向养殖池的底部铺一层厚度为20cm的土后再往养殖池内注入水，将成熟的硅藻经优选后放置于养殖池中，硅藻的养殖密度为0.02kg/m2，然后向养殖池的池底依次投入养殖密度为0.02kg/m2的水蚯蚓、养殖密度为0.05kg/m2幼螺、养殖密度为0.03kg/m2幼蚌，待1个月后将泥鳅苗种引入养殖池内；
(2)选种饲养：选择体表光滑、富有粘液、体色为青灰色的鳅苗，每亩放养体长为3-4cm的泥鳅苗种6-7万尾；或体长为5-6cm的苗种5-6万尾，放养前用40g/L食盐水浸浴消毒，挑出死泥鳅，确保池塘内泥鳅的存活率达到95％以上；投放后，在养殖池内种植水生植物；
(3)饲料投喂：每天上午6点和下午7点对泥鳅进行喂食，上午6点喂食发酵消毒后的鸡粪，下午7点使用混合饲料进行喂养，所述的混合饲料包括麦麸40-50份、豆粕18-22份，棉粕8-10份，鱼粉10-14份，酵母粉2.5-3.5份，喂养的时候使用中药包浸泡在池塘中，所述的中药包的中药组分包括黄芩20重量份、乌桕10重量份、大青草20重量份、石榴皮20重量份、白头翁10重量份、菖蒲10重量份和甘草20份，并将中药用纱布包裹投放在池塘中，每亩投放中药包2-5kg；
(4)水质调节：调节养殖池中的水质，使得水的透明度为20-30厘米；每月一次利用生石灰和微生物制剂调节养殖池池水的pH值，使得其范围在7-7.5内；每天进行2-3个小时的增氧，调节养殖池中水的溶氧量，使得溶氧量大于每升2.5毫克。
2.根据权利要求1所述的泥鳅的饲养方法，其特征在于，在鳅苗入池前10天，每亩用100-200千克的生石灰对养殖池进行清塘消毒，5-6天后注水40-60厘米。
3.根据权利要求1所述的泥鳅的饲养方法，其特征在于，当气温低于28℃时，每20-30天换一次水；当气温高于28℃时，每5-7天换一次水。
CN201710447352.5A 2017-06-08 2017-06-08 一种泥鳅的饲养方法 Pending CN107223605A (zh)

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