CN107215027A - 一种新型装饰材料 - Google Patents
一种新型装饰材料 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明提供一种新型装饰材料,是由依次设置的防水层、抗氧化层、强化层、透气层、复合芯板组成;所述防水层为聚氨酯防水层,所述抗氧化层为碳化硅抗氧化层,所述强化层为碳纳米管强化的钛合金板,所述透气层为m黄麻纤维:m聚酯纤维=7:4混合层,所述复合芯板的原料及各原料的重量份数为:所述复合芯板的原料及各原料的重量份数为:混合木粉:22‑34份;木质纤维粉:16‑29份;无碱性短切玻璃纤维:11‑19份;高密度聚乙烯:4‑9份;大豆蛋白纤维9‑16份;玄武岩纤维:16‑23份;甘露醇:17‑21份;硅烷偶联剂7‑15份。本发明能够具备有良好的防水透气性能,同时可以缓冲外力冲击,具有稳定结构,而且还能具备有较高的强度,结构简单,使用寿命长。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及木材技术领域,尤其是涉及一种新型装饰材料。
背景技术
木塑复合材料是由木质或其他纤维素材料和热塑性塑料统配温成型加工制成的复合材料,虽然其优点众多,但中国的木塑产品在应用方面仍存在一定的局限性和缺陷。木塑产品在使用过程中存在力学强度不够、耐热性能不佳,及热膨胀系数大等缺陷,作为地面铺板等用材时,材料的摩擦学性能尚不理想。为改善上述局限性并弥补缺陷,同时扩大替代木制产品的优势, 研发高填充量植物纤维、高性能木塑复合材料产品将是企业和市场的主导方向。
目前,玻璃纤维在木塑复合材料中的研究和应用较少,有关其性能的研究报迫尚不多见,而结合材料的实际工况进行的相关研究报道更为鲜见。
发明内容
有鉴于此,本发明提供一种采用玻璃纤维的新型装饰材料,本发明能够具备有良好的防水透气性能,同时可以缓冲外力冲击,具有稳定结构,而且还能具备有较高的强度,结构简单,使用寿命长。
本发明的技术方案为:一种新型装饰材料,是由依次设置的防水层、抗氧化层、强化层、透气层、复合芯板组成;所述防水层为聚氨酯防水层,所述抗氧化层为碳化硅抗氧化层,所述强化层为碳纳米管强化的钛合金板,所述透气层为m黄麻纤维:m聚酯纤维=7:4混合层,所述复合芯板的原料及各原料的重量份数为:所述复合芯板的原料及各原料的重量份数为:
混合木粉:22-34 份;
木质纤维粉:16-29 份;
无碱性短切玻璃纤维:11-19份;
高密度聚乙烯:4-9份;
大豆蛋白纤维 9-16份;
玄武岩纤维:16-23 份;
甘露醇:17-21 份;
硅烷偶联剂 7-15份;
所述混合木粉为杨木、桉木、榆木制造产品时的下脚料分别研磨成的粉末,并按照m杨木粉:m桉木粉:m榆木粉=1:2:2混合得到,颗粒度大小为100-150微米;
所述木质纤维粉为慈竹经预烧、研磨、酸洗、煅烧后得到的粉末,颗粒度大小为250-450微米;
所述玄武岩纤维的颗粒度大小为120-160微米;
所述大豆蛋白纤维为粉末颗粒,颗粒度大小为500-750um。
进一步的,所述复合芯板的原料及各原料的重量份数为:
混合木粉:25-28份;
木质纤维粉:18-22 份;
无碱性短切玻璃纤维:13-16份;
高密度聚乙烯:5-7份;
大豆蛋白纤维 11-14份;
玄武岩纤维:19-21 份;
甘露醇:17-20 份;
硅烷偶联剂 9-11份;
所述混合木粉为杨木、桉木、榆木制造产品时的下脚料分别研磨成的粉末,并按照m杨木粉:m桉木粉:m榆木粉=1:2:2混合得到,颗粒度大小为120-140微米;
所述玄武岩纤维的颗粒度大小为130-150微米;
所述大豆蛋白纤维为粉末颗粒,颗粒度大小为550-650um。
更进一步的,所述复合芯板的原料及各原料的重量份数为:
混合木粉:27份;
木质纤维粉:20 份;
无碱性短切玻璃纤维:15份;
高密度聚乙烯:6份;
大豆蛋白纤维 12份;
玄武岩纤维:20 份;
甘露醇:19 份;
硅烷偶联剂 10份;
所述混合木粉为杨木、桉木、榆木制造产品时的下脚料分别研磨成的粉末,并按照m杨木粉:m桉木粉:m榆木粉=1:2:2混合得到,颗粒度大小为130微米;
所述玄武岩纤维的颗粒度大小为135微米;
所述大豆蛋白纤维为粉末颗粒,颗粒度大小为600um。
本发明中,所述复合芯板可采用本领域中冷压、热压、挤出等任一现有技术加工得到,本发明中的各层结构之间可采用本领域任一现有技术的胶黏剂连接配合。
进一步的,所述无碱性短切玻璃纤维的长度为5-8mm,直径为13-18um。
进一步的,所述强化层为碳纳米管强化的钛合金板,本发明中的强化板为将涂覆Si 的碳纳米管( CNT) 与Ti-4.5Al-3V-2Fe-2Mo合金( SP-700) 粉末混合后,利用放电等离子烧结法进行烧结,再经热塑性加工、时效处理,得到含0. 3% ( 质量分数) CNT 的SP-700 钛合金板材,具有承载力高、延性和耐久性好、质量轻等优点,非常适合作为复合芯板的外层强化板。
玻璃纤维是一种性能优异的无机非金属材料,具有耐高温、机械强度高且硬度大等特点,选择玻璃纤维作为木塑复合材料的改性填料,一方面在于纤维材料对复合材料的增强效果比颗粒状无机填料的好;另一方面是希望能利用玻璃纤维的特性弥补木塑复合材料在应用过程中易于出现的缺陷,使复合材料在具有良好性能的同时,降低材料的生产成本。此外,根据纤维的增强原理,只有纤维长度在临界长度以上时才能充分发挥纤维的增强作用。在成型工艺允许的条件下,选择较长的玻璃纤维增强复合材料时,增强效果更为明显。
本发明中通过防水层、抗氧化层、强化层、透气层、复合芯板,可以达到表面防水,内部抗氧化以及稳定透气的效果,最后通过复合芯板提供稳定的力学支撑,有效地提高本发明的强度。
本发明通过混合木粉、木质纤维粉、无碱性短切玻璃纤维的协效复配作用,形成高强度的空间排布结构以及规则层状结构,再通过甘露醇、硅烷偶联剂的作用增强其连接强度。通过对本发明断面形貌的观察,各组分的相界面模糊,存在包裹与被包裹的连接方式,同时还存在部分孔洞,说明甘露醇、硅烷偶联剂可有效改善混合木粉与木质纤维粉、无碱性短切玻璃纤维之间的界面结合,但粒径较大的纤维之间容易搭桥,使得纤维与纤维之间以及纤维与基体之间易产生孔隙,进而减弱了结合力的作用,因此本发明中通过采用不同粒径的纤维搭配,避免材料在受力时产生应力集中的现象;同时通过大豆蛋白纤维增强结构的强度,提高其弹性模量和静曲强度。
本发明提供一种采用玻璃纤维的新型装饰材料,本发明能够具备有良好的防水透气性能,同时可以缓冲外力冲击,具有稳定结构,而且还能具备有较高的强度,结构简单,使用寿命长。
本发明采用煅烧后的木质纤维粉末与混合木粉末配合,可以避开其易开裂、出油、易溶、受温度湿度影响大的缺点,更好的发挥各组分的性能优点。
附图说明
图1为本发明的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图,对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
实施例1
一种新型装饰材料,是由依次设置的防水层5、抗氧化层4、强化层3、透气层2、复合芯板1组成;所述防水层5为聚氨酯防水层5,所述抗氧化层4为碳化硅抗氧化层4,所述强化层3为碳纳米管强化的钛合金板,所述透气层2为m黄麻纤维:m聚酯纤维=7:4混合层,所述复合芯板1的原料及各原料的重量份数为:
混合木粉:27份;
木质纤维粉:20 份;
无碱性短切玻璃纤维:15份;
高密度聚乙烯:6份;
大豆蛋白纤维 12份;
玄武岩纤维:20 份;
甘露醇:19 份;
硅烷偶联剂 10份;
所述混合木粉为杨木、桉木、榆木制造产品时的下脚料分别研磨成的粉末,并按照m杨木粉:m桉木粉:m榆木粉=1:2:2混合得到,颗粒度大小为130微米;
所述玄武岩纤维的颗粒度大小为135微米;
所述大豆蛋白纤维为粉末颗粒,颗粒度大小为600um。
进一步的,所述无碱性短切玻璃纤维的长度为6mm,直径为15um。
将本发明制备得到密度为0.5g/cm2、厚度为25mm的复合芯板1,其弹性模量为34210MPa ,静曲强度161MPa。
玻璃纤维是一种性能优异的无机非金属材料,具有耐高温、机械强度高且硬度大等特点,选择玻璃纤维作为木塑复合材料的改性填料,一方面在于纤维材料对复合材料的增强效果比颗粒状无机填料的好;另一方面是希望能利用玻璃纤维的特性弥补木塑复合材料在应用过程中易于出现的缺陷,使复合材料在具有良好性能的同时,降低材料的生产成本。此外,根据纤维的增强原理,只有纤维长度在临界长度以上时才能充分发挥纤维的增强作用。在成型工艺允许的条件下,选择较长的玻璃纤维增强复合材料时,增强效果更为明显。
本发明中通过防水层5、抗氧化层4、强化层3、透气层2、复合芯板1,可以达到表面防水,内部抗氧化以及稳定透气的效果,最后通过复合芯板1提供稳定的力学支撑,有效地提高本发明的强度。
本发明通过混合木粉、木质纤维粉、无碱性短切玻璃纤维的协效复配作用,形成高强度的空间排布结构以及规则层状结构,再通过甘露醇、硅烷偶联剂的作用增强其连接强度。通过对本发明断面形貌的观察,各组分的相界面模糊,存在包裹与被包裹的连接方式,同时还存在部分孔洞,说明甘露醇、硅烷偶联剂可有效改善混合木粉与木质纤维粉、无碱性短切玻璃纤维之间的界面结合,但粒径较大的纤维之间容易搭桥,使得纤维与纤维之间以及纤维与基体之间易产生孔隙,进而减弱了结合力的作用,因此本发明中通过采用不同粒径的纤维搭配,避免材料在受力时产生应力集中的现象;同时通过大豆蛋白纤维增强结构的强度,提高其弹性模量和静曲强度。
本发明提供一种采用玻璃纤维的新型装饰材料,本发明能够具备有良好的防水透气性能,同时可以缓冲外力冲击,具有稳定结构,而且还能具备有较高的强度,结构简单,使用寿命长。
本发明采用煅烧后的木质纤维粉末与混合木粉末配合,可以避开其易开裂、出油、易溶、受温度湿度影响大的缺点,更好的发挥各组分的性能优点。
实施例2
一种新型装饰材料,是由依次设置的防水层5、抗氧化层4、强化层3、透气层2、复合芯板1组成;所述防水层5为聚氨酯防水层5,所述抗氧化层4为碳化硅抗氧化层4,所述强化层3为碳纳米管强化的钛合金板,所述透气层2为m黄麻纤维:m聚酯纤维=7:4混合层,所述复合芯板1的原料及各原料的重量份数为:
混合木粉:22 份;
木质纤维粉: 29 份;
无碱性短切玻璃纤维:11份;
高密度聚乙烯: 9份;
大豆蛋白纤维 9份;
玄武岩纤维:16 份;
甘露醇: 21 份;
硅烷偶联剂 7份;
所述混合木粉为杨木、桉木、榆木制造产品时的下脚料分别研磨成的粉末,并按照m杨木粉:m桉木粉:m榆木粉=1:2:2混合得到,颗粒度大小为150微米;
所述玄武岩纤维的颗粒度大小为160微米;
所述大豆蛋白纤维为粉末颗粒,颗粒度大小为750um。
进一步的,所述无碱性短切玻璃纤维的长度为8mm,直径为18um。
将本发明制备得到密度为0.5g/cm2、厚度为25mm的复合芯板1,其弹性模量为25070MPa ,静曲强度123MPa。
实施例3
一种新型装饰材料,是由依次设置的防水层5、抗氧化层4、强化层3、透气层2、复合芯板1组成;所述防水层5为聚氨酯防水层5,所述抗氧化层4为碳化硅抗氧化层4,所述强化层3为碳纳米管强化的钛合金板,所述透气层2为m黄麻纤维:m聚酯纤维=7:4混合层,所述复合芯板1的原料及各原料的重量份数为:
混合木粉:34 份;
木质纤维粉:16 份;
无碱性短切玻璃纤维: 19份;
高密度聚乙烯:4份;
大豆蛋白纤维 16份;
玄武岩纤维:16 份;
甘露醇: 21 份;
硅烷偶联剂 7份;
所述混合木粉为杨木、桉木、榆木制造产品时的下脚料分别研磨成的粉末,并按照m杨木粉:m桉木粉:m榆木粉=1:2:2混合得到,颗粒度大小为100微米;
所述玄武岩纤维的颗粒度大小为120微米;
所述大豆蛋白纤维为粉末颗粒,颗粒度大小为500um。
进一步的,所述无碱性短切玻璃纤维的长度为5mm,直径为13um。
将本发明制备得到密度为0.5g/cm2、厚度为25mm的复合芯板1,其弹性模量为27340MPa ,静曲强度134MPa。
实施例4
一种新型装饰材料,是由依次设置的防水层5、抗氧化层4、强化层3、透气层2、复合芯板1组成;所述防水层5为聚氨酯防水层5,所述抗氧化层4为碳化硅抗氧化层4,所述强化层3为碳纳米管强化的钛合金板,所述透气层2为m黄麻纤维:m聚酯纤维=7:4混合层,所述复合芯板1的原料及各原料的重量份数为:
混合木粉:25份;
木质纤维粉:18 份;
无碱性短切玻璃纤维:13份;
高密度聚乙烯:5份;
大豆蛋白纤维 11份;
玄武岩纤维:19 份;
甘露醇:17 份;
硅烷偶联剂 9份;
所述混合木粉为杨木、桉木、榆木制造产品时的下脚料分别研磨成的粉末,并按照m杨木粉:m桉木粉:m榆木粉=1:2:2混合得到,颗粒度大小为140微米;
所述玄武岩纤维的颗粒度大小为150微米;
所述大豆蛋白纤维为粉末颗粒,颗粒度大小为650um。
进一步的,所述无碱性短切玻璃纤维的长度为8mm,直径为18um。
将本发明制备得到密度为0.5g/cm2、厚度为25mm的复合芯板1,其弹性模量为32630MPa ,静曲强度196MPa。
实施例5
一种新型装饰材料,是由依次设置的防水层5、抗氧化层4、强化层3、透气层2、复合芯板1组成;所述防水层5为聚氨酯防水层5,所述抗氧化层4为碳化硅抗氧化层4,所述强化层3为碳纳米管强化的钛合金板,所述透气层2为m黄麻纤维:m聚酯纤维=7:4混合层,所述复合芯板1的原料及各原料的重量份数为:
混合木粉: 28份;
木质纤维粉: 22 份;
无碱性短切玻璃纤维: 16份;
高密度聚乙烯: 7份;
大豆蛋白纤维 14份;
玄武岩纤维: 21 份;
甘露醇: 20 份;
硅烷偶联剂 11份;
所述混合木粉为杨木、桉木、榆木制造产品时的下脚料分别研磨成的粉末,并按照m杨木粉:m桉木粉:m榆木粉=1:2:2混合得到,颗粒度大小为120微米;
所述玄武岩纤维的颗粒度大小为130微米;
所述大豆蛋白纤维为粉末颗粒,颗粒度大小为550um。
进一步的,所述无碱性短切玻璃纤维的长度为5mm,直径为13um。
将本发明制备得到密度为0.5g/cm2、厚度为25mm的复合芯板1,其弹性模量为30920MPa ,静曲强度186MPa。
对于本领域技术人员而言,显然本发明不限于上述示范性实施例的细节,而且在不背离本发明的精神或基本特征的情况下,能够以其他的具体形式实现本发明。因此,无论从哪一点来看,均应将实施例看作是示范性的,而且是非限制性的,本发明的范围由所附权利要求而不是上述说明限定,因此旨在将落在权利要求的等同要件的含义和范围内的所有变化囊括在本发明内。不应将权利要求中的任何附图标记视为限制所涉及的权利要求。
此外,应当理解,虽然本说明书按照实施方式加以描述,但并非每个实施方式仅包含一个独立的技术方案,说明书的这种叙述方式仅仅是为清楚起见,本领域技术人员应当将说明书作为一个整体,各实施例中的技术方案也可以经适当组合,形成本领域技术人员可以理解的其他实施方式。需注意的是,本发明中所未详细描述的技术特征,均可以通过任一现有技术实现。
Claims (4)
1.一种新型装饰材料,其特征在于,是由依次设置的防水层、抗氧化层、强化层、透气层、复合芯板组成;所述防水层为聚氨酯防水层,所述抗氧化层为碳化硅抗氧化层,所述强化层为碳纳米管强化的钛合金板,所述透气层为m黄麻纤维:m聚酯纤维=7:4混合层,所述复合芯板的原料及各原料的重量份数为:
混合木粉:22-34 份;
木质纤维粉:16-29 份;
无碱性短切玻璃纤维:11-19份;
高密度聚乙烯:4-9份;
大豆蛋白纤维 9-16份;
玄武岩纤维:16-23 份;
甘露醇:17-21 份;
硅烷偶联剂 7-15份;
所述混合木粉为杨木、桉木、榆木制造产品时的下脚料分别研磨成的粉末,并按照m杨木粉:m桉木粉:m榆木粉=1:2:2混合得到,颗粒度大小为100-150微米;
所述玄武岩纤维的颗粒度大小为120-160微米;
所述大豆蛋白纤维为粉末颗粒,颗粒度大小为500-750um。
2.根据权利要求1所述的新型装饰材料,其特征在于,所述复合芯板的原料及各原料的重量份数为:
混合木粉:25-28份;
木质纤维粉:18-22 份;
无碱性短切玻璃纤维:13-16份;
高密度聚乙烯:5-7份;
大豆蛋白纤维 11-14份;
玄武岩纤维:19-21 份;
甘露醇:17-20 份;
硅烷偶联剂 9-11份;
所述混合木粉为杨木、桉木、榆木制造产品时的下脚料分别研磨成的粉末,并按照m杨木粉:m桉木粉:m榆木粉=1:2:2混合得到,颗粒度大小为120-140微米;
所述玄武岩纤维的颗粒度大小为130-150微米;
所述大豆蛋白纤维为粉末颗粒,颗粒度大小为550-650um。
3.根据权利要求1所述的新型装饰材料,其特征在于,所述复合芯板的原料及各原料的重量份数为:
混合木粉:27份;
木质纤维粉:20 份;
无碱性短切玻璃纤维:15份;
高密度聚乙烯:6份;
大豆蛋白纤维 12份;
玄武岩纤维:20 份;
甘露醇:19 份;
硅烷偶联剂 10份;
所述混合木粉为杨木、桉木、榆木制造产品时的下脚料分别研磨成的粉末,并按照m杨木粉:m桉木粉:m榆木粉=1:2:2混合得到,颗粒度大小为130微米;
所述玄武岩纤维的颗粒度大小为135微米;
所述大豆蛋白纤维为粉末颗粒,颗粒度大小为600um。
4.根据权利要求1所述的新型装饰材料,其特征在于,所述无碱性短切玻璃纤维的长度为5-8mm,直径为13-18um。
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CN108995331A (zh) * | 2018-06-27 | 2018-12-14 | 东台市富安合成材料有限公司 | 一种基于苎麻纤维粉体的新型装饰革及其制备方法 |
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