CN107214810A - 采用物理分散泥浆的陶瓷注浆成型方法 - Google Patents

采用物理分散泥浆的陶瓷注浆成型方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107214810A
CN107214810A CN201710606817.7A CN201710606817A CN107214810A CN 107214810 A CN107214810 A CN 107214810A CN 201710606817 A CN201710606817 A CN 201710606817A CN 107214810 A CN107214810 A CN 107214810A
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mud
base substrate
mould
slip casting
shaping
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Inventor
邱伟志
蔡廷祥
陈伟雄
谢建歆
潘丹敏
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Chaozhou Great Wall Shijia Porcelain Industry Co Ltd
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Chaozhou Great Wall Shijia Porcelain Industry Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201710606817.7A priority Critical patent/CN107214810A/zh
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B1/00—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material
    • B28B1/26—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material by slip-casting, i.e. by casting a suspension or dispersion of the material in a liquid-absorbent or porous mould, the liquid being allowed to soak into or pass through the walls of the mould; Moulds therefor ; specially for manufacturing articles starting from a ceramic slip; Moulds therefor
    • B28B1/265—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material by slip-casting, i.e. by casting a suspension or dispersion of the material in a liquid-absorbent or porous mould, the liquid being allowed to soak into or pass through the walls of the mould; Moulds therefor ; specially for manufacturing articles starting from a ceramic slip; Moulds therefor pressure being applied on the slip in the filled mould or on the moulded article in the mould, e.g. pneumatically, by compressing slip in a closed mould
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B1/00—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material
    • B28B1/08—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material by vibrating or jolting
    • B28B1/093—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material by vibrating or jolting by means directly acting on the material, e.g. by cores wholly or partly immersed in the material or elements acting on the upper surface of the material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/626—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B
    • C04B35/62605—Treating the starting powders individually or as mixtures
    • C04B35/62625—Wet mixtures
    • C04B35/62635—Mixing details
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/626—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B
    • C04B35/62605—Treating the starting powders individually or as mixtures
    • C04B35/62625—Wet mixtures
    • C04B35/6264—Mixing media, e.g. organic solvents
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/626—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B
    • C04B35/63—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B using additives specially adapted for forming the products, e.g.. binder binders
    • C04B35/632—Organic additives
    • C04B35/634—Polymers
    • C04B35/63404—Polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C04B35/63424—Polyacrylates; Polymethacrylates

Abstract

本发明公开了一种采用物理分散泥浆的陶瓷注浆成型方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：（1）取陶瓷泥料、水和微量表面活性剂或改性剂，在高速搅拌机中打成泥浆；（2）然后用气动泵将泥浆注入模具，注浆过程中模具振动，直至注浆结束；（3）关闭泥浆阀门，停止振动，打开模具，取出坯体。本发明实现了高触变性泥浆的成型，泥浆呈中性，不会腐蚀石膏模具，泥浆有良好的流动性。避免了泥浆触变性带来的不利影响，使成型后的坯体规整光洁，结构致密。同时减少了坯体的残留水分，缩短成型和干燥时间，并减少半成品开裂，烧后变形等缺陷。

Description

采用物理分散泥浆的陶瓷注浆成型方法
技术领域
本发明涉及陶瓷领域，具体是一种采用物理分散泥浆的陶瓷注浆成型方法。
背景技术
陶瓷注浆成型是将含一定水分的泥浆注入多孔模型内，借助于模型的吸水能力使泥浆吸附在模具壁上而形成均匀的泥层，经过一定时间脱水硬化，制成具有一定形状和规格的坯体的过程。
由于泥浆中的粘土颗粒是呈片状的，一般边上带正电，面上带负电，颗粒的边-面之间因带不同电荷而相互吸引形成片架结构，将水份封闭在空隙中导致凝聚。这就是泥浆静置一段时间后，在维持原有水分的情况下会增加粘度，出现变稠和固化的现象，也称为触变性。目前一般的做法是加入碳酸钠、硅酸钠等碱性分散剂，通过离子交换，利用钠离子中和粘土颗粒表面上的正电荷，解开片架结构，将水份从封闭空隙中释放出来，使泥浆解胶出现流动性，这属于化学的分散方法。碱性分散剂加入后使泥浆呈碱性（PH值为8左右），注浆过程与石膏模具接触时有腐蚀作用，会造成石膏模具剥落损坏。如果分散剂加入量不足，泥浆未能完全解胶，由于触变性的存在，则会造成泥浆的流动性不足，泥浆注入模型后不能充满狭窄处，导致成型后坯体缺损或表面波纹缺陷，并且泥浆中的空气难以排除，导致成型后坯体不够致密，使产品出现针孔缺陷。
发明内容
为解决上述问题，本发明提供了一种采用物理分散泥浆的陶瓷注浆成型方法。
本发明采用物理分散泥浆的陶瓷注浆成型方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
（1）取陶瓷泥料、水和微量（泥料质量的千分之一以下）表面活性剂或改性剂（聚丙稀酸类，如聚丙烯酸钠），在高速搅拌机中以1200—1600转/分钟的转速打成质量含水率为30—36%的泥浆；
（2）然后用气动泵以0.2MPa的压力将泥浆注入模具，注浆过程中模具以20—26Hz频率振动，直至注浆结束；
（3）关闭泥浆阀门，停止振动，打开模具，取出坯体。
本发明针对现有技术问题，将注浆成型方法改为物理方法分散泥浆，配合压力输送和振动注浆，实现了高触变性泥浆的成型。由于不用加入碱性分散剂，泥浆呈中性，不会腐蚀石膏模具。而且，由于注浆全程引入低频振动，有效地抑制片架结构的形成，泥浆有良好的流动性。避免了泥浆触变性带来的不利影响，使成型后的坯体规整光洁，结构致密。同时减少了坯体的残留水分，缩短成型和干燥时间，并减少半成品开裂，烧后变形等缺陷。
具体实施方式
以下通过实施例及对比例对本发明进行详细的说明。
实施例：（1）取陶瓷泥料、水和泥料质量万分之八的聚丙烯酸钠，在高速搅拌机中以1200转/分钟的转速打成质量含水率为32%的泥浆；
（2）然后用气动泵以0.2MPa的压力将泥浆注入模具，注浆过程中模具以20Hz频率振动，直至注浆结束；注浆时间为6分钟；
（3）关闭泥浆阀门，停止振动，打开模具，取出坯体。
实施例1制成的坯体规整光洁，结构致密，用其烧成的产品合格率高达95%以上。
实施例2：与实施例1不同的是，高速搅拌机的转速为1380转/分钟，注浆过程中模具以23Hz频率振动，制得实施例2的坯体。实施例2制成的坯体同样规整光洁，结构致密，用其烧成的产品合格率高达95%以上。
实施例3：与实施例1不同的是，高速搅拌机的转速为1560转/分钟，注浆过程中模具以26Hz频率振动，制得实施例2的坯体。实施例2制成的坯体同样规整光洁，结构致密，用其烧成的产品合格率高达95%以上。
实施例效果对比表
对比例1：与实施例1不同的是，高速搅拌机的转速降低为800转/分钟，对比例1的坯体。坯体表面出现波纹缺陷，个别坯体有针孔。
对比例2：与实施例1不同的是，气动泵的压力降低为0.1MPa，制得对比例2的坯体。部分坯体出现缺损，个别坯体有针孔。
对比例3：与实施例1不同的是，注浆过程中模具以10Hz频率振动，制得对比例3的坯体。部分坯体表面出现波纹缺陷，个别坯体有针孔。

Claims (1)

1.采用物理分散泥浆的陶瓷注浆成型方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
（1）取陶瓷泥料、水和泥料质量千分之一以下的表面活性剂或改性剂，在高速搅拌机中以1200—1600转/分钟的转速打成质量含水率为30—36%的泥浆；
（2）然后用气动泵以0.2MPa的压力将泥浆注入模具，注浆过程中模具以20—26Hz频率振动，直至注浆结束；
（3）关闭泥浆阀门，停止振动，打开模具，取出坯体。
CN201710606817.7A 2017-07-24 2017-07-24 采用物理分散泥浆的陶瓷注浆成型方法 Pending CN107214810A (zh)

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Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH10245269A (ja) * 1997-02-28 1998-09-14 Nippon Steel Corp セラミックススラリーの調製方法
CN1454761A (zh) * 2002-04-30 2003-11-12 山东中博先进材料股份有限公司 陶瓷部件的浆料成型方法
CN1810721A (zh) * 2005-01-28 2006-08-02 余国良 一种陶瓷制品的成形方法及其生产设备
CN103086737A (zh) * 2013-02-25 2013-05-08 中国科学院上海硅酸盐研究所 大面积陶瓷多孔承烧板及其制备方法
CN103864409A (zh) * 2014-01-28 2014-06-18 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 掺钕钇铝石榴石透明陶瓷的制备方法
CN105108883A (zh) * 2015-08-31 2015-12-02 徐超 一种陶瓷产品的注浆成型装置及使用方法

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH10245269A (ja) * 1997-02-28 1998-09-14 Nippon Steel Corp セラミックススラリーの調製方法
CN1454761A (zh) * 2002-04-30 2003-11-12 山东中博先进材料股份有限公司 陶瓷部件的浆料成型方法
CN1810721A (zh) * 2005-01-28 2006-08-02 余国良 一种陶瓷制品的成形方法及其生产设备
CN103086737A (zh) * 2013-02-25 2013-05-08 中国科学院上海硅酸盐研究所 大面积陶瓷多孔承烧板及其制备方法
CN103864409A (zh) * 2014-01-28 2014-06-18 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 掺钕钇铝石榴石透明陶瓷的制备方法
CN105108883A (zh) * 2015-08-31 2015-12-02 徐超 一种陶瓷产品的注浆成型装置及使用方法

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Application publication date: 20170929