CN107208421B - 具有提高的固着强度的隔板 - Google Patents

具有提高的固着强度的隔板 Download PDF

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CN107208421B
CN107208421B CN201680009131.3A CN201680009131A CN107208421B CN 107208421 B CN107208421 B CN 107208421B CN 201680009131 A CN201680009131 A CN 201680009131A CN 107208421 B CN107208421 B CN 107208421B
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plasterboard
partition
reinforcing
reinforcing board
board
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CN107208421A (zh
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N.琼斯
A.理查森
J.里德奥特
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Saint Gobain Placo SAS
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    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/74—Removable non-load-bearing partitions; Partitions with a free upper edge
    • E04B2/7407—Removable non-load-bearing partitions; Partitions with a free upper edge assembled using frames with infill panels or coverings only; made-up of panels and a support structure incorporating posts
    • E04B2/7453—Removable non-load-bearing partitions; Partitions with a free upper edge assembled using frames with infill panels or coverings only; made-up of panels and a support structure incorporating posts with panels and support posts, extending from floor to ceiling
    • E04B2/7457—Removable non-load-bearing partitions; Partitions with a free upper edge assembled using frames with infill panels or coverings only; made-up of panels and a support structure incorporating posts with panels and support posts, extending from floor to ceiling with wallboards attached to the outer faces of the posts, parallel to the partition
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    • B32B13/00—Layered products comprising a a layer of water-setting substance, e.g. concrete, plaster, asbestos cement, or like builders' material
    • B32B13/02—Layered products comprising a a layer of water-setting substance, e.g. concrete, plaster, asbestos cement, or like builders' material with fibres or particles being present as additives in the layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B32B13/00—Layered products comprising a a layer of water-setting substance, e.g. concrete, plaster, asbestos cement, or like builders' material
    • B32B13/04—Layered products comprising a a layer of water-setting substance, e.g. concrete, plaster, asbestos cement, or like builders' material comprising such water setting substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
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    • B32B13/04—Layered products comprising a a layer of water-setting substance, e.g. concrete, plaster, asbestos cement, or like builders' material comprising such water setting substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B13/08—Layered products comprising a a layer of water-setting substance, e.g. concrete, plaster, asbestos cement, or like builders' material comprising such water setting substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of paper or cardboard
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
    • C04B41/60—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone of only artificial stone
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    • C04B41/70—Coating or impregnation for obtaining at least two superposed coatings having different compositions
    • C04B41/71—Coating or impregnation for obtaining at least two superposed coatings having different compositions at least one coating being an organic material
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    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
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    • E04C2/04—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of concrete or other stone-like material; of asbestos cement; of cement and other mineral fibres
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    • E04C2/043—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of concrete or other stone-like material; of asbestos cement; of cement and other mineral fibres of plaster
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  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
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  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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Abstract

隔板适合于支承固定设施并且具有所述固定设施可固定至其的正面和背对所述固定设施的背面。所述隔板包括灰泥板和增强用板，所述增强用板位于所述灰泥板和所述正面之间，和所述灰泥板包括至少1重量％纤维和至少1重量％聚合物型添加剂。

Description

具有提高的固着强度的隔板
本发明涉及具有提高的固着强度的隔板(partition)以及用于其中的板材(panel)。
石膏(gypsum)灰泥板(plasterboard)常被用于提供建筑物内的隔板。其用于该应用的优点包括如下事实：其是轻的并且安装快。
期望灰泥板坚固到足以支承固定设施(fixture)(例如洗涤盆、电视机、暖气片、灭火器、架子和需要附着至所述板(board)的任何其它物品)，使得固着工具(例如螺钉)被牢固地保持在所述板中。
WO2014/188168公开了将淀粉和/或纤维添加至石膏基质以改善固着强度。
期望更进一步地改善固着强度。
令人惊讶地，已经发现，当将包含纤维和淀粉的石膏灰泥板与增强用板一道使用以提供双层板材时，可更进一步地改善固着强度。所述增强用板用于安置在所述灰泥板和所述固定设施之间。认为，当所述板材用于支承固定设施时，所述增强用板有助于减小所述灰泥板的偏转(deflection)，从而有助于增大除去固定设施例如螺钉所需要的力。
因此，在第一方面中，本发明可提供适合于支承固定设施的隔板，所述隔板具有用于将固定设施固定至其的正面和用于背对固定设施的背面，所述隔板包括灰泥板和增强用板，所述增强用板位于所述灰泥板和所述正面之间，并且所述灰泥板包括至少1重量％纤维和至少1重量％聚合物型添加剂。
典型地，所述隔板的正面是由所述增强用板的面之一提供的。
典型地，所述聚合物型添加剂为淀粉。通常，所述纤维为玻璃纤维。
优选地，所述灰泥板包括至少2重量％纤维。
优选地，所述灰泥板包括至少3重量％、优选地至少5重量％的所述聚合物型添加剂。
通常，所述灰泥板在各面上设置有衬料例如纸衬料(liner)或者玻璃纤维毡。在这样的情况下，所述灰泥板优选为对称的，即，两个面都设置有相同类型的衬料。
在一些实施方式中，所述灰泥板和所述增强用板胶合在一起。在另外的实施方式中，所述灰泥板和所述增强用板经由双面胶带或者双面粘合带连接。这样的带优选地包括施加至载体材料的相反的侧的薄的胶粘剂层。
在这样的情况下，所述胶优选为粘弹性胶。
在另外的实施方式中，将所述灰泥板和所述增强用板通过机械固着物例如螺钉而彼此紧固。
在这样的情况下，在所述隔板的平面中，所述增强用板可相对于所述灰泥板偏移。
实际上，已经发现，由于所述灰泥板的高的固着强度，所述增强用板可完全被所述灰泥板支承，使得所述增强用板不需要直接固定至支承所述隔板的框架。就在所述增强用板和所述灰泥板之间的偏移程度而言，这在配置所述隔板的方式方面容许相当大的灵活性。
在将所述灰泥板和增强用板胶合在一起或者经由双面粘合带粘合的实施方式中，所述增强用板也可相对于所述灰泥板偏移。在这样的实施方式中，如下也是可能的：所述增强用板完全被所述灰泥板支承，使得所述增强用板不需要直接固定至支承所述隔板的框架。
典型地，所述增强用板具有在范围6-19mm内的厚度。
优选地，所述增强用板包括石膏作为主要组分。在这样的情况下，所述隔板包括：第一灰泥板，其功能是保持螺钉；和第二增强用灰泥板，其功能是当向所述螺钉施加拔出力时限制所述第一灰泥板的偏转。
在所述增强用板为灰泥板的情况下，所述增强用板典型地在各面上设置有衬料例如纸衬料或玻璃纤维毡。在这样的情况下，所述增强用板优选为对称的，即两个面设置有相同类型的衬料。
在另外的实施方式中，所述增强用板可包括设置有衬垫(padding)层的硬板。优选地，在此情况下，所述硬板定位成与所述灰泥板相邻，而所述衬垫层提供所述板的正面。
包括两个灰泥板层的双层板材例如由于改善声学性质而闻名。然而，由于这些板材的灰泥板未以本发明所规定的量包括纤维和聚合物型添加剂，所述灰泥板无法在相同的程度上保持螺钉固着物，并且因此观察不到本发明的效果(即，当向固定在其中的螺钉施加拔出力时所述第一灰泥板偏转的倾向和所述增强用板抑制这样的偏转的倾向)。
最优选地，所述增强用板包括至少1重量％纤维和1重量％聚合物型添加剂。典型地，所述增强用板具有与所述灰泥板相同的组成。
典型地，所述增强用板的存在具有如下效果：将所述隔板保持螺钉的能力提高到相对于单独的所述灰泥板的1.5倍、优选地2倍、更优选地2.5倍。
典型地，所述增强用板的存在具有如下效果：将所述隔板的螺钉拔出强度提高到相对于单独的所述灰泥板的1.5倍、优选地2倍、更优选地2.5倍。
典型地，所述增强用板的存在具有如下效果：将所述隔板的螺钉拔出强度提高到至少1000N、优选地至少1200N、更优选地至少1400N。
典型地，所述增强用板的存在具有如下效果：将在循环荷载(loading)之后所述隔板的螺钉拔出强度提高到相对于单独的所述灰泥板的1.5倍、优选地2倍、更优选地2.5倍。
典型地，所述增强用板的存在具有如下效果：将所述隔板的与再安装螺钉有关的螺钉拔出强度提高到相对于单独的所述灰泥板的1.5倍、优选地2倍、更优选地2.5倍。
典型地，所述增强用板的存在具有如下效果：将所述隔板在偏心(离心)荷载下保持螺钉的能力提高到相对于单独的所述灰泥板的1.5倍、优选地2倍、更优选地2.5倍。
在第二方面中，本发明可提供包括灰泥板和增强用板的板材，所述灰泥板与所述增强用板面对面地胶合，所述灰泥板包括至少1重量％纤维和至少1重量％的聚合物型添加剂。
典型地，所述胶为粘弹性胶。
所述灰泥板和所述增强用板可分别具有本发明第一方面的灰泥板和增强用板的性质的一种或多种。
现在将仅通过实例描述本发明。
对比例1
包含2重量％量的纤维和6重量％量的淀粉的石膏灰泥板。
实施例1
由两个根据对比例1的灰泥板形成的双层板，所述灰泥板在它们的面上接合在一起。
重质锚固物(脸盆)偏心向下荷载试验
板材按照BS5234:Part 2:1992–Annex K中所阐述的方法进行重质锚固物(脸盆)偏心向下荷载试验。
试验在15-20℃的温度和50-60％的相对湿度下进行。
所述载荷(Load)是通过由5个通用螺钉保持的支架(bracket)支承的。
结果在表1中给出。
表1
破坏载荷(支架变成脱离的)
对比例1 350N
实施例1 912N
螺钉拔出强度
对已经在23℃的温度和50％的相对湿度下调理的尺寸为100mm×100mm的样品进行螺钉拔出试验。将50mm单螺纹木螺钉穿过安置在所述样品的表面上的金属环而插入到所述样品中。将所述螺钉拧紧至100cNm的扭矩。
然后将所述试样安装在Zwick Universal Testing Machine中并且沿着所述螺钉的轴向所述螺钉施加10N预载荷。随后，通过设置10mm/分钟的恒定十字头速度而提高载荷，直至实现拔出。
结果在表2中给出，表2显示从5个样品取的平均值。
表2
螺钉拔出强度(N)
对比例1 643
实施例1 1636
在循环荷载之后的螺钉拔出强度
除了如下之外，如以上所描述的那样进行螺钉拔出试验：在向所述螺钉施加预载荷的步骤之后和在通过设置10mm/分钟的恒定十字头速度而提高负荷直至实现拔出的步骤之前，将施加至所述螺钉的载荷在10N和500N之间循环100次。
结果在表3中给出，表3显示从5个样品取的平均值。
表3
螺钉拔出强度(N)
对比例1 635
实施例1 2023
再安装的螺钉的螺钉拔出强度
除了如下之外，如以上所描述的那样进行螺钉拔出试验：在将所述样品安装在Universal Testing Machine中的步骤之前，将所述螺钉除去，再插入到所述样品中并且拧紧至100cNm的扭矩。
结果在表4中给出，表4显示从5个样品取的平均值。
表4
螺钉拔出强度
对比例1 517
实施例1 1844

Claims (16)

1.适合于支承固定设施的隔板，所述隔板具有用于将固定设施固定至其的正面和用于背对所述固定设施的背面，所述隔板包括灰泥板和增强用板，所述增强用板位于所述灰泥板和所述正面之间，和所述灰泥板包括至少1重量％纤维和至少1重量％聚合物型添加剂，
特征在于
在所述隔板的平面中，所述增强用板相对于所述灰泥板偏移。
2.根据权利要求1的隔板，特征在于所述隔板保持螺钉的能力为单独的所述灰泥板的保持螺钉的能力的1.5倍大。
3.根据权利要求2的隔板，其具有大于1000N的螺钉拔出强度。
4.根据前述权利要求任一项的隔板，其中所述灰泥板和所述增强用板胶合在一起。
5.根据权利要求4的隔板，其中所述胶为粘弹性胶。
6.根据权利要求1-3任一项的隔板，其中所述灰泥板和所述增强用板使用双面胶带连接。
7.根据权利要求1-3任一项的隔板，其中所述灰泥板和所述增强用板通过机械固着物彼此紧固。
8.根据权利要求7的隔板，其中所述灰泥板和所述增强用板通过螺钉固着物彼此紧固。
9.根据权利要求1-3任一项的隔板，其中所述增强用板具有在范围6-19mm内的厚度。
10.根据权利要求1-3任一项的隔板，其中所述增强用板包括石膏作为主要组分。
11.根据权利要求10的隔板，其中所述增强用板包括至少1重量％纤维和至少1重量％的聚合物型添加剂。
12.根据权利要求1-3任一项的隔板，其中所述灰泥板包括至少2重量％纤维。
13.根据权利要求1-3任一项的隔板，其中所述灰泥板包含至少3重量％聚合物型添加剂。
14.根据权利要求1-3任一项的隔板，其中所述灰泥板包含至少5重量％聚合物型添加剂。
15.根据权利要求1-3任一项的隔板，其中所述灰泥板中的纤维为玻璃纤维。
16.根据权利要求1-3任一项的隔板，其中所述聚合物型添加剂为淀粉。
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