CN107192057B

CN107192057B - Bionic tree energy-saving system for temperature and humidity regulation of building by taking solution as medium

Info

Publication number: CN107192057B
Application number: CN201710380843.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 郭海新
Original assignee: Shanghai Yinlu Construction Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Mengnake Industrial Technology Suzhou Co ltd
Priority date: 2017-05-25
Filing date: 2017-05-25
Publication date: 2022-12-20
Anticipated expiration: 2037-05-25
Also published as: CN107192057A

Abstract

The invention discloses a bionic tree energy-saving system for adjusting temperature and humidity of a building by taking solution as a medium, which comprises: the leaf unit comprises a first tip which is detachably arranged on a window or an outer wall of a building and has a light transmission effect, and a second tip which is fixedly arranged on an envelope of the outer wall of the building, wherein the first tip and the second tip are in and/or are arranged in the leaf unit; the branch unit comprises two groups of branch pipes which are respectively communicated with a feeding port and a discharging port of the first tip and the second tip; a trunk unit including two sets of trunk pipes respectively communicated with the branch pipes; the two groups of main pipes are in butt joint with indoor solution dehumidification equipment through a solution circulation unit, so that temperature and humidity regulation inside and outside a building is realized, and the bionic tree energy-saving transmission and distribution system is formed.

Description

Bionic tree energy-saving system for temperature and humidity regulation of building by using solution as medium

Technical Field

The invention relates to an energy-saving system used in the condition of building energy conservation and regeneration. More particularly, the invention relates to a bionic tree energy-saving system which is used on the outer wall surface of a building and takes solution as a medium to regulate the temperature and the humidity of the building.

Background

Building energy conservation is one of the most interesting and rapidly developing technologies today. Due to the energy and environmental problems in the global range, the building energy consumption which occupies the global energy consumption to 1/4-1/3 is concerned. The main components (load) causing the building energy consumption are heat (heat energy transfer, heat load) and water (moisture transfer) which affect the indoor environment through the building outer envelope. There are a number of techniques to reduce the impact of the outdoor environment on the indoor environment, where strengthening the insulation of the enclosure belongs to the traditional and more effective means. This is especially the case in europe, mainly in germany. The proposed "passive building" is internationally recognized as the most effective and most advanced building energy saving technology.

The first technique is: the principle of the passive energy-saving technology is to strengthen the heat preservation and insulation performance of the building envelope structure and the sealing performance of all the gap parts as much as possible. For the translucent building envelope part, i.e. the glazing part, it is emphasized that sufficient shading technology is applied to reduce the amount of incident sunlight. The biggest problem exists in that the starting point of the method is oriented to a cold winter area in a high-altitude area, and the method is expected to solve the problem and the problem of building heat loss in winter in the cold winter area. Since the weather conditions in cold winter areas show that the outdoor air temperature is continuously lower than the indoor temperature, and the indoor heat is continuously lost to the outside, the heat preservation capability of the maintenance structure is enhanced, and the reduction of the cold air permeation to the indoor is undoubtedly a very effective means. However, the limitation of this technology is also its ultra-strong heat insulation ability, since the outdoor environment of the building fluctuates with day and night alternation and season change, and the room temperature is in a relatively stable range almost all the year round due to the comfortable demand of human body or various indoor activities related to human beings. That is, when the outdoor temperature approaches the room temperature, heat is generated by indoor people and equipment, and heat is radiated to the outside of the building. When the outdoor air temperature is higher than the room temperature, it is necessary to prevent the outdoor heat from entering the room as much as possible. That is, the limitations of passive architecture become more apparent during the transition from pure indoor to outdoor heat dissipation to gradual transition that allows even enhanced indoor to outdoor heat dissipation, and thus blocks the transfer of heat from indoor to outdoor, so as to force the heat in the room to be carried away.

The second technique is: the dynamic heat-resisting technology for external wall is characterized by that in the external peripheral structure of building a cold-heat medium pipeline system is embedded. When the cooling and heating medium flows in the pipe, a heat transfer effect which is ideal for indoor is formed, the investment of the enclosure structure is reduced, and the load of the enclosure structure is eliminated by adopting the energy with the lowest grade as possible to replace an indoor cooling and heating system. Meanwhile, for buildings in high humidity areas, too high relative humidity of indoor air is also a serious reason for reducing the comfort of people and influencing the indoor production, work and equipment operation. The energy consumption required for controlling the indoor relative humidity is very high in high humidity areas, and the corresponding energy-saving measures also belong to the technical category at present. The solution dehumidification technology belongs to a very advanced air humidity control technology (solution dehumidification is visible in the science and technology suite of the university of Qinghua & science & technology book, solution dehumidification), and the problem exists in the collection range and the grade of cold and heat sources, because a cooling medium is positioned between enclosures and has only small thermal resistance (partial walls) with outdoor environment, part of energy of the cooling medium can change the air temperature around an outer wall meaninglessly, the working temperature of the cooling medium should be between room temperature and outdoor temperature as far as possible, and renewable energy sources with unlimited supply at the periphery are adopted as far as possible.

From the above, the first technology in the prior art has a small application range, and the most disadvantage of the passive energy saving technology lies in its excellent heat insulation effect, and when the indoor temperature needs to be radiated outwards, the indoor temperature cannot be effectively transferred outwards, resulting in adverse effect; the second technique has the disadvantage that although it can adapt to a wider application range and bring better indoor use experience, it needs to be equipped with other power forms to prepare high-grade energy, so that it can still be in working state when the low-grade energy can not meet the requirement, and can regulate and control indoor temperature, thus resulting in part of unnecessary energy consumption.

Disclosure of Invention

An object of the present invention is to solve at least the above problems and/or disadvantages and to provide at least the advantages described hereinafter.

The invention also aims to provide a bionic tree energy-saving system for adjusting the temperature and the humidity of a building by taking solution as a medium, which can enhance the function of an outer protective structure through the cooperation of leaf units, so that the bionic tree energy-saving system evolves from a pure heat preservation form of 'cold blood animals' to a heat dissipation form of 'constant temperature animals' capable of forming 'blood circulation', thereby further reducing the influence of external heat on the indoor temperature, reducing the energy consumption for cooling and enabling the bionic tree energy-saving system to adapt to different use environments; meanwhile, the solution circulating unit is communicated with indoor solution dehumidifying equipment and is used for controlling indoor relative humidity through a solution dehumidifying technology, so that temperature and humidity regulation is carried out inside and outside a building, and solution is adopted as an internal circulating medium, so that temperature regulation on the whole circulating medium is not needed, the whole energy consumption is low, and the cost is controllable.

To achieve these objects and other advantages in accordance with the purpose of the invention, there is provided a bionic tree energy-saving system for temperature and humidity regulation of a building using a solution as a medium, comprising:

the leaf unit comprises a first tip which is detachably arranged on a window or an outer wall of a building and has a light transmission effect, and a second tip which is fixedly arranged on an envelope of the outer wall of the building, wherein the first tip and the second tip are in and/or are arranged in the leaf unit;

the branch unit comprises two groups of branch pipes which are respectively communicated to a feeding port and a discharging port of the first tip and the second tip;

the trunk unit comprises two groups of trunk pipes which are respectively communicated with the branch pipes;

the two groups of main pipes are in butt joint connection with the indoor solution dehumidification equipment through a solution circulation unit, temperature and humidity adjustment inside and outside the building is achieved, and the bionic tree energy-saving transmission and distribution system is formed.

Preferably, wherein the first tip comprises:

the first liquid separating assembly and the first liquid collecting assembly are respectively used for being connected with the two groups of branch pipes;

a first solution channel respectively communicated with the first liquid distributing component and the first liquid collecting component to release or recycle the solution;

the first water storage device is arranged outside the first solution channel and has a soaking function;

wherein the first solution channel is configured to be made of a material having permeability and semi-permeable properties.

Preferably, the first tip further comprises a surface layer which is arranged on the outermost layer to protect the internal structure and has waterproof and breathable functions.

Preferably, the first solution channel is made of any one of a hollow fiber membrane and a plate membrane;

the first water storage device is configured to be made of a high polymer hydrogel material;

the facing layer is configured to be made of waterproof, breathable film polytetrafluoroethylene.

Preferably, wherein the second tip comprises:

the second liquid distribution assembly and the second liquid collection assembly are respectively used for being connected with the two groups of branch pipes;

a second solution channel respectively communicated with the second liquid distribution component and the second liquid collection component for releasing or recovering the solution;

the second water storage device is arranged outside the second solution channel and has a soaking function;

the bottom layer is arranged on the innermost layer so as to be embedded into the exterior wall enclosure structure;

the setting is outmost in order to protect inner structure, and has waterproof ventilative function's decorative cover.

Preferably, the second solution channel is made of any one of waterproof breathable cloth, a hollow fiber membrane and a plate-type membrane;

the second water storage device is made of a high-molecular hydrogel material;

the bottom layer is configured to be made of a glass magnesium board;

the decorative overlay is configured to be constructed of slurry-covered or waterproof, breathable face tiles.

Preferably, wherein the solution circulation unit comprises:

the dilute solution tank is communicated to the liquid inlet of the first tip and/or the second tip;

a concentrated solution tank communicated to the liquid outlet of the first tip and/or the second tip;

the first solution pump and the flow control valve are arranged on the two groups of main pipes and further control the flowing state of the solution in the dilute solution tank and the solution in the concentrated solution tank.

Preferably, the dilute solution tank and the concentrated solution tank are communicated through a bypass valve;

the solution in the dilute solution tank is configured to adopt any one of lithium chloride and lithium bromide or a mixed solution of lithium chloride and calcium chloride, and the solution concentration is configured to be 30-40%.

Preferably, the dilute solution tank is provided with a first feed port for filling purified water or solution into the tank and a second feed port for recovering the dilute solution dehumidified by the solution dehumidifying equipment;

the concentrated solution tank is provided with a third feed port for filling purified water into the tank and a fourth feed port for recovering the concentrated solution steamed by the first tip and/or the second tip;

the bottom of the dilute solution tank is provided with a first discharge hole for outputting dilute solution to the first tip and/or the second tip;

the bottom of concentrated solution jar is provided with the second discharge gate to indoor dehumidification equipment output concentrated solution, just still be provided with the second solution pump between second discharge gate and the indoor dehumidification equipment.

The invention at least comprises the following beneficial effects: the function of the outer enclosure structure can be enhanced through the cooperation of the leaf units, so that the outer enclosure structure is evolved from a pure heat preservation form of a cold blood animal to a heat dissipation form of a constant temperature animal, which can form blood circulation, thereby further reducing the influence of external heat on indoor temperature, reducing cooling energy consumption, adapting to different use environments, changing the problem of inadaptability of the enclosure structure technology in low latitude areas in the existing building energy conservation, and taking away the heat on the outer surface of the enclosure structure by adopting a solution system with transpiration capability to form the bionic function of the outer enclosure structure, thereby reducing the cold load of a building; by using the solution as a medium, the heat on the outer surface of the building enclosure is taken away by utilizing the transpiration principle, and meanwhile, the concentrated solution is obtained, so that the energy is saved for dehumidifying the indoor solution, and meanwhile, as the circulation of the solution and the concentration change only need to drive the solution pump, and pure water or concentrated solution is added according to the concentration requirement, the system has no other energy consumption except the driving energy consumption of the solution pump and the water lost by transpiration, so the energy-saving effect of the system is extremely considerable. Compared with the power consumption of a conventional summer air-conditioning system, the driving energy consumption of the solution pump is only about 15% of that of the similar system. The load of the external enclosure structure, namely the energy consumption, accounts for about 50% of the energy consumption of the building, and particularly for residential systems, the load of the external enclosure structure, namely the energy consumption, can almost reach 70% -80% of the energy consumption of all summer air conditioners on the premise of not considering the fresh air load. In addition, the solution circulating unit is communicated with indoor solution dehumidifying equipment and used for controlling indoor relative humidity through a solution dehumidifying technology so as to regulate the temperature and humidity inside and outside the building. And because the internal circulating medium adopts solution, the temperature of the whole circulating medium is not required to be regulated, so the whole energy consumption is low and the cost is controllable.

Additional advantages, objects, and features of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and in part will become apparent to those having ordinary skill in the art upon examination of the following or may be learned from practice of the invention.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a block diagram illustrating a structure of a bionic tree energy saving system for adjusting temperature and humidity of a building by using a solution as a medium according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is an assembled view of the first tip in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic top plan view of a first tip in accordance with another embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 4 is a side cross-sectional view of the first tip in another embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is an assembled view of the second tip in another embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic top plan view of a second tip in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a side cross-sectional view of a second tip in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of one of the structures of the first tip in another embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of another embodiment of the first tip of the present invention;

FIG. 10 is a functional block diagram and composition of a first tip in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the attached drawings so that those skilled in the art can implement the invention by referring to the description text.

It will be understood that terms such as "having," "including," and "comprising," as used herein, do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other elements or groups thereof.

Fig. 1 shows an implementation form of a bionic tree energy saving system for temperature and humidity regulation of a building by using a solution as a medium according to the present invention, which includes:

a leaf unit including a first tip 1 detachably disposed on a window or an outer wall of a building and having a light transmitting effect, the tip as a "leaf" being called a first tip or an a-type transpiration tip; and a second end 2 fixed on the building outer wall, the end of the 'skin' is called as a second end or a B-shaped end, wherein, the first end and the second end are in the form of and/or in the leaf unit, which makes the A-shaped end to be made into a semi-transparent form according to different installation positions, such as windows and glass, so as to hang on the outer side of the semi-transparent building enclosure (window and glass), thereby simultaneously achieving the effects of shading sun and allowing partial light to penetrate to ensure daylighting, but if the A-shaped end and the end 'skin' are used for being embedded into the outer surface of the building enclosure, the A-shaped end can be made into a structure of light so as to be a part of the building outer-proof building enclosure;

the branch unit comprises two groups of branch pipes 3 which are respectively communicated with a feeding port and a discharging port of the first tip and the second tip and are used for forming meridians communicated between the leaves and the trunk, so that the solution in the solution circulation unit can be smoothly conveyed to the leaves and is recovered after being evaporated;

the trunk unit comprises two groups of trunk pipes 4 which are respectively communicated with the branch pipes, and a solution circulating pipeline system is distributed on the outer surface of the building envelope to be used as a trunk and used for conveying solution;

the two groups of main pipes are in butt joint connection with the indoor solution dehumidifying equipment 6 through the solution circulating unit 5, temperature and humidity adjustment inside and outside the building is achieved, and the bionic tree energy-saving conveying system is formed. The 'leaf' or 'epidermis' of the leaf unit in the scheme is a combined plane material consisting of a solution channel (such as a capillary tube) and a wetting material (mesophyll/skin), so that the solution with lower concentration in the solution circulation unit can be dispersed to each part of the plane through the solution channel to enter a distal part with semi-permeable membrane property and return again after the concentration of the solution is changed at the distal part to form solution circulation; meanwhile, moisture in the solution enters the infiltration material serving as the first water storage device through the membrane wall, transpiration occurs under the conditions of high ambient temperature and low water vapor partial pressure, heat on the surface of the enclosure structure is taken away through gas-liquid phase change of water, so that the temperature adjustment effect on the enclosure structure of the building is achieved, the indoor and outdoor temperature is adjusted, meanwhile, the indoor and outdoor temperature adjustment device is connected with an indoor solution dehumidifying device, indoor humidity is adjusted by conveying concentrated solution into an indoor dehumidifying end, in the whole process, only solution operation power needs to be provided, energy is not needed to be provided for a transmission and distribution system through other devices, and further the transmission and distribution system is energy-saving and environment-friendly. Also, this manner is merely an illustration of a preferred example, but not limited thereto. In the implementation of the invention, appropriate replacement and/or modification can be carried out according to the requirements of users.

As shown in fig. 2-4, in another example, the first tip includes:

the first liquid separating assembly and the first liquid collecting assembly 10 are respectively used for being connected with the two groups of branch pipes, and respectively comprise connecting pipes connected with the two groups of branch pipes 11, liquid collectors and liquid distributors 12 connected with the connecting pipes, wherein the connecting pipes have a quick insertion function so as to be conveniently separated from the branch pipes, and the two groups of branch pipes are respectively provided with a plug self-locking mechanism matched with the connecting pipes so as to be connected with the connecting pipes when the connecting pipes are inserted, and self-lock interfaces on the branch pipes when the connecting pipes are pulled out, so that the solution is prevented from overflowing;

a first solution channel 13 respectively communicated with the first liquid dividing component and the first liquid collecting component to release or recover the solution, and used for permeating the moisture in the solution out through the solution channel, so that the solution flowing through the first solution channel can remove the corresponding part of the moisture in the working process, and the concentration of the solution is improved;

the first water storage device 14 is arranged outside the first solution channel, has an infiltration function, is used for absorbing water released by the first solution channel and slowly releases the water, is similar to the capabilities of human body sweating and plant vein transpiration, and more efficiently takes away heat entering a peripheral structure in a mass exchange mode to realize the regulation of indoor and outdoor temperature;

wherein the first solution channel is made of a material having permeability and semi-permeable property, which enables it not only to release water price, but also to maintain brightness of the room without blocking all sunlight when disposed on a key point such as a window. The A-type tip adopting the scheme enables water in the solution to permeate into the infiltration material and evaporate to the surrounding air to take away heat on the surface of the building peripheral structure, so that the temperature of the building peripheral structure can be adjusted, and further the heat entering the room is controlled. Also, this manner is merely an illustration of a preferred example, but not limited thereto. When the invention is implemented, appropriate replacement and/or modification can be carried out according to the requirements of users.

In another example, as shown in fig. 2-4, the first tip further includes a cover 15 disposed on the outermost layer to protect the internal structure and to provide waterproof and breathable functions. The outer layer adopting the scheme is protected by a waterproof and breathable material, only transpiration water vapor can be released, the influence of moisture permeating into the internal structure on the working effect can be prevented, and the waterproof and breathable fabric has the advantages of good implementable effect, good adaptability and strong product stability. Also, this manner is merely an illustration of a preferred example, but not limited thereto. When the invention is implemented, appropriate replacement and/or modification can be carried out according to the requirements of users.

In another example, the first solution channel is made of any one of a waterproof breathable cloth, a hollow fiber membrane and a plate type membrane, and the tip is made of a material with the property of a semi-permeable membrane, such as the waterproof breathable cloth, the hollow fiber membrane, the plate type membrane and the like, so as to form leaves with transpiration capability;

the first water storage device is configured to be made of a polymer hydrogel material, the polymer hydrogel is a gel taking water as a dispersion medium, is a novel polymer material with a three-dimensional network structure, is insoluble in water, can absorb a large amount of water to be remarkably swelled, can keep an original structure after being remarkably swelled without being dissolved, and is a functional material integrating water absorption, water retention and slow release, the principle is that a part of hydrophobic groups and hydrophilic residues are introduced into a water-soluble polymer with a net-shaped cross-linking structure, the hydrophilic groups are combined with water molecules to connect the water molecules in the net-shaped structure, and the hydrophobic residues are swelled with water, so that the water-soluble polymer has high water content, water absorption and release, energy storage and release, soft properties and good biocompatibility;

the surface layer is made of waterproof breathable film polytetrafluoroethylene, and the waterproof breathable film (breathing paper) is a novel high-molecular waterproof material. In terms of manufacturing process, the technical requirement of the waterproof breathable film is much higher than that of a common waterproof material; meanwhile, from the quality, the waterproof breathable film also has the functional characteristics which are not possessed by other waterproof materials, EPTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene) is the latest generation waterproof breathable material, all the first-class factories in the world adopt the material, and the EPTFE composite fabrics with different brands and special characteristics are developed by combining the research and development composite treatment technologies of respective companies, so that the waterproof breathable film is the most excellent at present. The structure of the A-shaped tip adopting the scheme is that the hollow fiber is used as a solution channel, the periphery of the A-shaped tip is covered with a semitransparent infiltration material, and the water absorption performance of the infiltration material is similar to that of a sponge; and the infiltration material in the waterproof breathable layer can freely breathe outwards in a water vapor mode, and the waterproof breathable fabric has the advantages of good implementable effect, strong operability, good stability and good adaptability. Also, this manner is merely an illustration of a preferred example, but not limited thereto. When the invention is implemented, appropriate replacement and/or modification can be carried out according to the requirements of users.

As shown in fig. 5-7, in another example, the second tip includes:

a second liquid distributing component and a second liquid collecting component 20 which are respectively used for connecting with the two groups of branch pipes;

a second solution channel 21 respectively communicated with the second liquid dividing component and the second liquid collecting component to release or recover the solution, and forming the meridians of the epidermis respiration;

the second water storage device 22 is arranged outside the second solution channel, has an infiltration function, is used for absorbing the water released by the second solution channel and slowly releases the water, is similar to the capabilities of human body sweating and plant vein transpiration, and more efficiently takes away the heat entering the peripheral structure in a mass exchange manner to realize the regulation of indoor and outdoor temperature;

the bottom layer 23 is arranged on the innermost layer so as to be provided with a bottom layer which can be embedded into the exterior wall envelope structure, and the function of the bottom layer is that the bottom layer can form a flat plate structure, which is beneficial to the composite embedding of the bottom layer and the exterior wall envelope structure;

the decorative surface layer 24 is disposed on the outermost layer to protect the internal structure, and has a waterproof and breathable function, and is fixedly mounted to the mounting portion, so that the decorative surface layer has an effect of keeping the internal structure to breathe outwards, and is beautiful. The structure of the B-shaped tip adopts the scheme that a hollow fiber membrane is used as a solution channel, and the periphery of the hollow fiber membrane is covered with a wetting material; the outer layer is covered by decorative materials with air permeability suitable for outer wall laying, such as slurry or waterproof air-permeable face bricks, so that the combination of the outer layer and the mounting part has the advantages of good stability, good adaptability and beautiful appearance. Also, this manner is merely an illustration of a preferred example, but not limited thereto. When the invention is implemented, appropriate replacement and/or modification can be carried out according to the requirements of users.

In another example, the second solution channel is configured to be made of any one of a waterproof breathable cloth, a hollow fiber membrane and a plate type membrane, and the tip part is made of a material with the property of a semi-permeable membrane, such as the waterproof breathable cloth, the hollow fiber membrane and the plate type membrane, so as to form a 'skin' with sweat-producing capability;

the second water storage device is made of a high-molecular hydrogel material;

the bottom layer is made of a glass magnesium board, and is a novel non-combustible decorative material which is prepared by compounding a ternary system of magnesium oxide, magnesium chloride and water with a modifier, and is a magnesium cementing material with stable performance, a medium-alkali glass fiber net as a reinforcing material and a light material as a filler. The composite plate is processed by adopting a special production process, has the characteristics of fire resistance, water resistance, tastelessness, no toxicity, no freezing, no corrosion, no cracking, no change, no combustion, high strength, light weight, convenient construction, long service life and the like, has composite special performance in national like products, and has the function of enabling the product to form a flat-plate structure, facilitating the convenient installation of the product on a peripheral protective structure of a building, such as clamping, inserting, bonding and the like with the peripheral protective structure;

the decorative surface layer is configured to be formed by slurry covering or waterproof and breathable face bricks, the effect of the decorative surface layer is that the inner structure of the decorative surface layer is protected, and meanwhile, the decorative surface layer is well matched with a peripheral protection structure of a building, so that transpiration and release of water in the inner structure are realized. The scheme has the advantages of good implementable effect, strong operability and good adaptability. Also, this manner is merely an illustration of a preferred example, but not limited thereto. In the implementation of the invention, appropriate replacement and/or modification can be carried out according to the requirements of users.

As shown in fig. 1, in another example, the solution circulation unit includes:

a dilute solution tank 50 connected to the first tip and/or the second tip inlet;

a concentrated solution tank 51 connected to the outlet of the first tip and/or the second tip;

the setting is and then carries out the first solution pump 52 and the flow control valve (not shown) that control to dilute solution tank, concentrated solution tank solution flow state on two sets of main pipes, and the solution circulation system includes parts such as cycle drive (solution pump), buffer storage (solution tank), flow control (control valve), concentration control (blending tank) for concentration, the flow of solution all can be controlled according to the demand, and wherein, the storage of solution system will be divided into two storage tanks of dilute solution and concentrated solution. Wherein the weak solution jar is responsible for providing the weak solution of suitable concentration to the system in high temperature season, the strong solution storage tank is then responsible for collecting the solution that has lost part moisture and is concentrated in the system, strong solution jar and weak solution jar can be regarded as indoor solution dehumidification system's partly, provide the dehumidification solution with the strong solution jar promptly, and the weak solution jar is responsible for collecting the weak solution after the dehumidification, solution circulation system can also carry out temperature control to the solution, heat or cool off the solution promptly when necessary to further improve the ability of solution. By adopting the scheme, the solution circulating system can be matched with parts such as leaves, branches and trunks, so that the solution in the solution circulating system can be circulated more smoothly, and the solution circulating system has the advantages of good implementation effect and strong operability. Also, this manner is merely an illustration of a preferred example, but not limited thereto. When the invention is implemented, appropriate replacement and/or modification can be carried out according to the requirements of users.

In another example, as shown in fig. 1, the dilute solution tank and the concentrated solution tank are communicated through a bypass valve 53, which is used for adjusting the concentration of the dilute solution tank through the communication between the dilute solution tank and the concentrated solution tank under the condition that the solution circulation system is not connected with the indoor dehumidification equipment;

the solution in the dilute solution tank is configured to adopt any one of lithium chloride and lithium bromide or a mixed solution of lithium chloride and calcium chloride, and the solution concentration is configured to be 30-40%. If the system does not butt with the solution dehumidification part in the scheme, the bypass valve is needed to reintroduce the concentrated solution into the dilute solution tank, and the concentrated solution is diluted into the dilute solution with proper concentration by injecting purified water again, and meanwhile, the solution used in the solution circulating system has the advantages of strong dehumidification capability, good fluidity and difficult crystallization, and the concentration of the solution is determined according to the physicochemical properties of the adopted solution, so that the solution has good implementation effect and strong operability. Also, this manner is merely an illustration of a preferred example, but not limited thereto. When the invention is implemented, appropriate replacement and/or modification can be carried out according to the requirements of users.

As shown in fig. 1, in another example, the dilute solution tank is provided with a first feed port 54 for filling pure water or solution into the tank, and a second feed port 55 for recovering the dilute solution after dehumidification by the solution dehumidification device;

the concentrated solution tank is provided with a third feed port 56 for filling purified water into the tank and a fourth feed port 57 for recovering the concentrated solution steamed by the first tip and/or the second tip;

a first discharge hole 58 for outputting dilute solution to the first tip and/or the second tip is arranged at the bottom of the dilute solution tank;

the bottom of concentrated solution jar is provided with the second discharge gate 60 to indoor dehumidification equipment output concentrated solution, just still be provided with second solution pump 61 between second discharge gate and the indoor dehumidification equipment, it is arranged in promoting solution to dehumidification equipment to guarantee its work operation. By adopting the proposal, the dilute solution tank is provided with an outlet at the lower part and two inlets at the upper part. The first inlet for adjusting the concentration of the solution can be used for injecting treated pure water into the solution tank to dilute the solution, or can be used for injecting a solution which is mixed in advance to improve the concentration of the solution. The second inlet is used for being in butt joint with the solution dehumidifying system to receive the dehumidified backflow dilute solution. The upper part of the concentrated solution tank is also provided with two inlets, one inlet is used for receiving the concentrated solution which is subjected to peripheral transpiration in the system circulation, and the other inlet is used for injecting purified water diluted solution when the solution concentration is too high so as to meet the subsequent solution dehumidification requirement. Also, this manner is merely an illustration of a preferred example, but not limited thereto. In the implementation of the invention, appropriate replacement and/or modification can be carried out according to the requirements of users.

The solution system is arranged on the outer enclosure structure of the building in two modes, a bionic 'skin' is formed by solution circulation, the solution is distributed on the outer surface of the building by using the 'capillary vessel' of the 'skin', namely a solution circulation pipeline system, and heat on the outer surface of the enclosure structure is greatly taken away by the circulation of the solution, the pipeline of the distribution system and the 'transpiration' of the terminal device, so that the energy input for cooling in the building is reduced.

When the solution system is operated, the concentration of the solution inside the system should be kept low. The solution concentration should be adjusted according to the relative humidity of the outdoor air, so that a water vapor pressure difference is generated between the solution and the outdoor air. Since the relative humidity of the outdoor air changes with the temperature of the outdoor air, the higher the temperature is, the lower the partial pressure of the water vapor is; the lower the concentration of the solution, the higher the partial pressure of water vapor, and the power of water vapor permeation from the solution to the outdoor air is formed, namely, the evaporation phenomenon. In the transpiration process, a large amount of heat around the building envelope is absorbed due to the phase change of water, and finally the effect of taking away the heat on the outer surface of the building envelope is achieved. Especially, under the strong irradiation of sunlight in summer and daytime, the transpiration effect of the tips after water filling is extremely obvious, so that a large amount of heat which enters the enclosure structure and further enters the indoor is taken away.

For the occasions that outdoor relative humidity is high and air temperature is not very low (higher than 0 ℃) in winter, if concentrated solution is conveyed in the system, peripheral water vapor is absorbed by the concentrated solution and enters the system to form dilute solution, phase change latent heat is released, the temperature of the outer surface of the enclosure structure can be increased, and the effect of the thermal load of the enclosure structure in winter is further reduced. But at this time the re-concentration of the dilute solution needs to be achieved by adding a concentrated solution of high concentration or by evaporation with heating.

The invention adopts the building bionic principle, but not the so-called 'shape-like' imitating various biological shapes of the nature, but starts from the principles of thermodynamics and heat transfer science, analyzes the mechanism of the animals and plants for maintaining the body temperature, and applies the principles to the building to form the 'bionic building', so that the internal temperature of the building can be controlled in a mode similar to the 'biological mechanism', thereby achieving the purpose of reducing the energy cost required for maintaining the internal environment temperature.

Mammals and plants in nature have the ability to maintain body temperature through their own capillary circulation: as mammals, the skin is characterized by having abundant capillary vessels under the skin, for example, the body temperature is kept at 37 ℃ all the time under the condition that the outdoor temperature is close to or higher than the body temperature through blood circulation by the blood circulation and sweat evaporation in the capillary vessels of the skin; the temperature of the trunk of plants maintained in the sun and in hot climates depends on the capillary action of the capillaries and the transpiration of the veins. Under the transpiration action of the plant veins, the temperature of the shade part is more than ten degrees lower than that of the peripheral sunlight exposure area.

The operating environments of the two occur in the environment with the outdoor temperature close to or higher than the room temperature, and the function is just lacking in the existing building technology and is the daily meteorological condition faced by low-latitude countries in temperate, subtropical and tropical regions. Therefore, the invention aims to break through the existing technical framework and develop the bionic energy-saving technology aiming at the environment with the outdoor temperature close to or even higher than the room temperature in the low-latitude area.

The building is seen from the angle of a bionic building, and the outer enclosure structure of the building is equivalent to the outer skin of an animal. If a pipeline system similar to a capillary vessel is implanted under the outer skin and can transmit and distribute heat through the circulation of a medium, the biological mechanism can be simulated to realize the function of controlling the internal temperature of the building. If the duct system further has the ability to permeate water so that it can remove heat by evaporating into the air, the system further has the ability to "sweat" and transpire through the plant veins similar to a human body, more efficiently removing heat into the outer enclosure in a "mass transfer" manner.

Meanwhile, because the solution is selected as the medium instead of pure heat exchange water as the medium, when the system is operated, the concentration of the solution is controlled, concentrated solution can be obtained in the evaporation process, and the concentrated solution can be used as a dehumidifying agent when high humidity load occurs in a room and dehumidification capacity needs to be provided for the room, so that the low-energy-consumption operation effect of a building is further improved.

Example 1

Take the upper system of the building as an example in figure 1: the solution pump conveys the dilute solution from the dilute solution tank to the height of a building through the solution main pipe and distributes the dilute solution to the periphery of each transpiration tip through the solution branch pipe; the A-type transpiration tip is hung on the outer wall surface of a building, and vines and leaves of the whole system, which are similar to climbing plants, are distributed on the outer wall surface of the building; the solution pipeline can adopt any plastic engineering pipeline such as PE, PPR and the like. The concentrated solution pipeline and the dilute solution pipeline can be arranged in parallel, so that the access of an inlet and an outlet of the tip is facilitated; the concentrated solution is sucked into a concentrated solution pipeline of the system through a concentrated solution pump and flows back to the concentrated solution tank.

The structure and the function of the A-shaped tip are shown in figures 8-9, and the A-shaped tip is shown in figure 10, and is fixed on a wall surface and glass by fixing pieces, wherein the fixing manner can be bolt rooting or vacuum adsorption. The inlet and outlet of the tip are respectively connected with the pipelines of the dilute solution and the concentrated solution.

Transpiration of the type a tip occurs at the surface of the building envelope and is not directly embedded into the building exterior surface. The system is similar to a green climbing cane in relation to a building, but is distributed along and attached to the exterior surface in a spot-fixed fashion at the necessary locations. The season in which the system mainly functions is a high-temperature period in summer, and the system can be taken into consideration for retraction in winter. In order to prevent the damage of strong wind to the system, the distribution and fixing mode of the retractable system has more flexibility.

In high temperature seasons, outdoor air temperatures are higher than room temperature, causing a tendency for outdoor heat to enter the room again through the outer wall and the outer window. At the moment, if the heat flow can be intercepted at the outer envelope part, the energy consumption of the building in summer can be reduced at a lower cost. At this time, the dilute solution enters the A-shaped tip through the pipeline and is distributed at each part of the A-shaped tip through the hollow fiber membrane. Under the action of the pressure difference of the water vapor inside and outside the pipe, the water in the hollow fiber membrane seeps out and infiltrates the infiltration material on the periphery, and the capability of transpiration is improved.

The shape of the A-shaped tip can be designed according to the appearance requirement of a building, and a protective layer similar to an outer skin is arranged besides the hollow fiber membrane and the infiltration material. The protective layer should be made of waterproof and breathable material, have a certain physical strength, and be resistant to water washing. The A-shaped tip can be hung on the wall surface and the outer surface of the glass at the same time. When the A-shaped tip is hung on the outer surface of the glass, the A-shaped tip also plays a role in shading the sun. In order to reduce the side effect of shading on indoor lighting, a translucent material capable of transmitting part of visible rays is considered as an option in the selection and manufacturing of the A-shaped tail end.

During winter operation, the circulating concentrated solution can be adopted, the concentrated solution is used for absorbing surrounding water vapor and changing the vapor into water in a phase mode, and the released heat can improve the temperature of the outer surface of the enclosure structure, so that the mode of reducing the heat load in winter is energy-saving. The regeneration of the circulated dilute solution can be realized by adopting solar heating or waste heat utilization or adding a high-concentration solution for supplement so as to ensure continuous circulation.

The solution adopted in the system can be a lithium chloride and calcium chloride mixed solution, and the concentration of the solution can be about 30%. During the circulation process, the mixed solution will lose about 10-15% of water to a 40% -45% strength solution. The 10% water will evaporate and remove heat, and the 45 c solution can just as well be used as a dehumidifying solution.

To ensure the fluidity of the solution (e.g., blood flowing in blood vessels), additives are added to the solution as necessary to avoid problems such as crystallization and sticking.

Example 2

The solution circulation system is identical to that of example 1 above, but with a type B tip, as illustrated in the middle floor. The design of the B-shaped tip is a scheme considering embedding into a building wall. The structure of the B-shaped tip adopts a hollow fiber membrane as a solution channel, and a hard infiltration material is paved on the periphery of the hollow fiber membrane to form a plate with certain rigidity. The outer surfaces of the two sides of the plate are formed by adopting waterproof breathable films for buildings, so that water vapor can effectively permeate, and liquid water cannot invade deep layers of the building envelope.

When in laying, the plate is fixed on the structural wall of a building to form a part of the facade structure. The configuration of the type B tip should include the ability to bond with the final facade material of the building as a "skin" functional interlayer, but at the same time not affect the mechanical strength of the facade.

The outer side of the B-shaped tip can be provided with an outer wall material in a dry hanging mode, and the outer wall can be finished in a plastering mode. However, in any form, it is necessary to maintain breathability so that transpiration at the tip is achieved.

The B-tip cannot be applied to the glass portion. For the purpose of maximizing the efficiency of the system, it is contemplated to use a combination of a-type tips and B-type tips, as shown in the lowermost layer of the figure, with the a-type tips being used in the window portion and the B-type tips being used in the wall portion.

The number of apparatuses and the scale of the process described herein are intended to simplify the description of the present invention. The application, modification and variation of the bionic tree energy-saving system for regulating the temperature and the humidity of a building by taking solution as a medium are obvious to those skilled in the art.

While embodiments of the invention have been disclosed above, it is not intended that they be limited to the applications set forth in the specification and examples. It can be applied to all kinds of fields suitable for the present invention. Additional modifications will readily occur to those skilled in the art. Therefore, the invention is not to be limited to the specific details and illustrations shown and described herein, without departing from the general concept as defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. The utility model provides an use solution as medium to carry out bionical tree economizer system of temperature and humidity control to building which characterized in that includes:

the leaf unit comprises a first tip which is detachably arranged on a window or an outer wall of a building and has a light transmission effect, and a second tip which is fixedly arranged on an enclosure structure of the outer wall of the building, wherein the first tip and the second tip are/is arranged in the leaf unit;

the branch unit comprises two groups of branch pipes which are respectively communicated with a feeding port and a discharging port of the first tip and the second tip;

the two groups of main pipes are in butt joint connection with indoor solution dehumidification equipment through a solution circulation unit, so that temperature and humidity regulation inside and outside a building is realized, and a bionic tree energy-saving transmission and distribution system is formed;

the first tip includes:

wherein the first solution channel is configured to be made of a material having permeability and semi-permeable properties;

the first tip further comprises a surface layer which is arranged on the outermost layer to protect the internal structure and has a waterproof and breathable function;

the second tip includes:

a second solution channel respectively communicated with the second liquid distributing component and the second liquid collecting component to release or recycle the solution;

the second water storage device is arranged at the outer side of the second solution channel and has a soaking function;

the decorative surface layer is arranged on the outermost layer to protect the internal structure and has a waterproof and breathable function;

the solution circulation unit includes:

a concentrated solution tank connected to the first tip and/or the second tip liquid outlet;

2. The bionic tree energy-saving system for regulating the temperature and the humidity of a building by taking solution as a medium as claimed in claim 1, wherein the first solution channel is configured to be made of any one of waterproof breathable cloth, a hollow fiber membrane and a plate-type membrane;

the first water storage device is made of a high-molecular hydrogel material;

3. The bionic tree energy-saving system for regulating the temperature and the humidity of a building by taking solution as a medium as claimed in claim 1, wherein the second solution channel is configured to be made of any one of waterproof breathable cloth, a hollow fiber membrane and a plate-type membrane;

the second water storage device is made of a high-molecular hydrogel material;

the bottom layer is configured to be made of a glass magnesium board;

the decorative face layer is configured to be constructed using slurry covered or waterproof, breathable face tiles.

4. The bionic tree energy-saving system for adjusting the temperature and the humidity of a building by taking solution as a medium of claim 1, wherein the dilute solution tank and the concentrated solution tank are communicated through a bypass valve;

5. The bionic tree energy-saving system for adjusting the temperature and the humidity of a building by taking solution as a medium according to claim 1, wherein the dilute solution tank is provided with a first feed port for filling purified water or solution into the tank and a second feed port for recovering the dilute solution after the solution dehumidification equipment dehumidifies;

the concentrated solution tank is provided with a third feed port for filling purified water into the tank and a fourth feed port for recovering concentrated solution steamed by the first tip and/or the second tip;