CN107188549A - 一种炼铜转炉喷补料及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种炼铜转炉喷补料及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN107188549A
CN107188549A CN201710414267.9A CN201710414267A CN107188549A CN 107188549 A CN107188549 A CN 107188549A CN 201710414267 A CN201710414267 A CN 201710414267A CN 107188549 A CN107188549 A CN 107188549A
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gunning refractory
copper converter
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张寒
赵惠忠
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Wuhan University of Science and Engineering WUSE
Wuhan University of Science and Technology WHUST
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种炼铜转炉喷补料及其制备方法。其技术方案是：按铝铬渣︰棕刚玉︰聚丙烯酰胺的质量比为1︰(1~1.5)︰(0.01~0.03)配料，混合，即得预混颗粒料。按铬精矿细粉︰γ‑氧化铝微粉︰高纯镁砂细粉︰氧化锆微粉的质量比为1︰(20~25)︰(3~5)︰(1~1.5)配料，混合，压制成型，1350~1400℃热处理，冷却，破碎，研磨至粒度为60~80μm，制得热处理料。按预混颗粒料︰热处理料的质量比为(1.9~2.2)︰1配料，混合，制得混合料。按混合料︰铝溶胶︰羧甲基纤维素的质量比为1︰(0.06~0.09)︰(0.001~0.002)，向混合料中依次加入铝溶胶和羧甲基纤维素，混合，困料，制得炼铜转炉喷补料。本发明成本低廉和工艺简单；所制备的炼铜转炉喷补料致密度高和耐压强度大。

Description

一种炼铜转炉喷补料及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明属于喷补料技术领域。具体涉及一种炼铜转炉喷补料及其制备方法。
背景技术
炼铜转炉是火法炼铜工业中重要的冶炼设备，其冶炼过程伴随强烈的热应力作用及熔渣侵蚀，因此，炼铜转炉内衬在服役过程中易发生损毁，且不同部位损毁程度差异明显，故通过喷补对炼铜转炉进行维护可有效延长炉衬使用寿命。
目前，炼铜转炉的喷补料主要包括湿式喷补料（湿法喷补）和干式喷补料（干法喷补）。采用湿式喷补料进行炼铜转炉修补，一般喷补料的挥发份含量较高，这虽有利于提高喷补料的流动性，但同时也降低了喷补料的致密度和高温性能；相反，采用干式喷补料进行炼铜转炉修补，虽然挥发份含量较低，但干式喷补料在修补过程中粉尘损耗较大（细粉损耗较多），大大降低了喷补料的结合强度。
发明内容
本发明旨在克服现有技术缺陷，目的是提供一种成本低廉和工艺简单的炼铜转炉喷补料的制备方法，用该方法制备的炼铜转炉喷补料的致密度高和耐压强度大。
为实现上述目的，本发明采用的技术方案的步骤是：
第一步、按铝铬渣︰棕刚玉︰聚丙烯酰胺的质量比为1︰(1~1.5)︰(0.01~0.03)配料，混合5~8分钟，即得预混颗粒料。
第二步、按铬精矿细粉︰γ-氧化铝微粉︰高纯镁砂细粉︰氧化锆微粉的质量比为1︰(20~25)︰(3~5)︰(1~1.5)配料，混合8~10分钟，即得预混基质料。
第三步、将所述预混基质料在30~50MPa条件下压制成型，再将成型后的坯体置于马弗炉中，在空气气氛和1350~1400℃条件下热处理30~60分钟，随炉冷却，出炉，破碎，研磨至粒度为60~80μm，制得热处理料。
第四步、按所述预混颗粒料︰所述热处理料的质量比为(1.9~2.2)︰1配料，混合5~10分钟，制得混合料。
第五步、按所述混合料︰铝溶胶︰羧甲基纤维素的质量比为1︰(0.06~0.09)︰(0.001~0.002)，向所述混合料中依次加入所述铝溶胶和所述羧甲基纤维素，混合5~8分钟，在25~35℃条件下困料20~30分钟，制得炼铜转炉喷补料。
所述铝铬渣为冶炼铬铁合金所产生的炉渣，铝铬渣的主要化学成分是：Al2O3为90~92wt%，Cr2O3为5~8wt%；所述铝铬渣的粒度为0.1~3mm。
所述棕刚玉的Al2O3含量≥98.5wt%；棕刚玉的粒度为0.1~3mm。
所述聚丙烯酰胺为化学纯。
所述铬精矿细粉的主要化学成分是：Al2O3为15~20wt%，MgO为25~30wt%，Cr2O3为30~35wt%，Fe2O3为5~8wt%，SiO2为3~5wt%；所述铬精矿细粉的粒度为60~80μm。
所述γ-氧化铝微粉的Al2O3含量≥99wt%；所述γ-氧化铝微粉的粒度为60~80μm。
所述高纯镁砂细粉的MgO含量≥98wt%；高纯镁砂细粉的粒度为60~80μm。
所述氧化锆微粉的主要化学成分是：ZrO2≥95wt%，MgO≥3wt%；所述氧化锆微粉的粒度为60~80μm。
所述铝溶胶的Al2O3含量为10~15wt%。
所述羧甲基纤维素为化学纯。
由于采取上述技术方案，本发明与现有技术相比具有如下积极效果：
1、本发明采用冶炼铬铁合金所产生的炉渣为主要原料，显著降低了炼铜转炉喷补料的制备成本。
2、本发明在制备过程中无需特殊设备和复杂的处理技术，节省劳动力资源，工艺简单。
3、本发明利用溶胶结合及絮凝作用，降低喷补料的水分含量，进而实现半干法喷补，增大炼铜转炉喷补料的致密度和冷态耐压强度。
本发明制备的炼铜转炉喷补料经测定：1400℃×3h热处理后体积密度为2.83~2.88g/cm3；1400℃×3h热处理后耐压强度为40~45MPa。
因此，本发明具有成本低廉和工艺简单的特点；所制备的炼铜转炉喷补料致密度高和耐压强度大。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施方式对本发明作进一步的描述，并非对其保护范围的限制。
为避免重复，先将本具体实施方式所涉及的物料统一描述如下，实施例中不再赘述：
所述铝铬渣为冶炼铬铁合金所产生的炉渣，铝铬渣的主要化学成分是：Al2O3为90~92wt%，Cr2O3为5~8wt%；所述铝铬渣的粒度为0.1~3mm。
所述棕刚玉的Al2O3含量≥98.5wt%；棕刚玉的粒度为0.1~3mm。
所述聚丙烯酰胺为化学纯。
所述铬精矿细粉的主要化学成分是：Al2O3为15~20wt%，MgO为25~30wt%，Cr2O3为30~35wt%，Fe2O3为5~8wt%，SiO2为3~5wt%；所述铬精矿细粉的粒度为60~80μm。
所述γ-氧化铝微粉的Al2O3含量≥99wt%；所述γ-氧化铝微粉的粒度为60~80μm。
所述高纯镁砂细粉的MgO含量≥98wt%；高纯镁砂细粉的粒度为60~80μm。
所述氧化锆微粉的主要化学成分是：ZrO2≥95wt%，MgO≥3wt%；所述氧化锆微粉的粒度为60~80μm。
所述铝溶胶的Al2O3含量为10~15wt%。
所述羧甲基纤维素为化学纯。
实施例1
一种炼铜转炉喷补料及其制备方法。本实施例所述制备方法的步骤是：
第一步、按铝铬渣︰棕刚玉︰聚丙烯酰胺的质量比为1︰(1~1.2)︰(0.01~0.02)配料，混合5~8分钟，即得预混颗粒料。
第二步、按铬精矿细粉︰γ-氧化铝微粉︰高纯镁砂细粉︰氧化锆微粉的质量比为1︰(20~22)︰(3~4)︰(1~1.2)配料，混合8~10分钟，即得预混基质料。
第三步、将所述预混基质料在30~50MPa条件下压制成型，再将成型后的坯体置于马弗炉中，在空气气氛和1350~1400℃条件下热处理30~60分钟，随炉冷却，出炉，破碎，研磨至粒度为60~80μm，制得热处理料。
第四步、按所述预混颗粒料︰所述热处理料的质量比为(1.9~2.1)︰1配料，混合5~10分钟，制得混合料。
第五步、按所述混合料︰铝溶胶︰羧甲基纤维素的质量比为1︰(0.06~0.08)︰(0.001~0.002)，向所述混合料中依次加入所述铝溶胶和所述羧甲基纤维素，混合5~8分钟，在25~35℃条件下困料20~30分钟，制得炼铜转炉喷补料。
本实施例制备的炼铜转炉喷补料经测定：1400℃×3h热处理后体积密度为2.83~2.85g/cm3；1400℃×3h热处理后耐压强度为40~42MPa。
实施例2
一种炼铜转炉喷补料及其制备方法。本实施例所述制备方法的步骤是：
第一步、按铝铬渣︰棕刚玉︰聚丙烯酰胺的质量比为1︰(1.1~1.3)︰(0.01~0.02)配料，混合5~8分钟，即得预混颗粒料。
第二步、按铬精矿细粉︰γ-氧化铝微粉︰高纯镁砂细粉︰氧化锆微粉的质量比为1︰(21~23)︰(3~4)︰(1.1~1.3)配料，混合8~10分钟，即得预混基质料。
第三步、将所述预混基质料在30~50MPa条件下压制成型，再将成型后的坯体置于马弗炉中，在空气气氛和1350~1400℃条件下热处理30~60分钟，随炉冷却，出炉，破碎，研磨至粒度为60~80μm，制得热处理料。
第四步、按所述预混颗粒料︰所述热处理料的质量比为(1.9~2.1)︰1配料，混合5~10分钟，制得混合料。
第五步、按所述混合料︰铝溶胶︰羧甲基纤维素的质量比为1︰(0.06~0.08)︰(0.001~0.002)，向所述混合料中依次加入所述铝溶胶和所述羧甲基纤维素，混合5~8分钟，在25~35℃条件下困料20~30分钟，制得炼铜转炉喷补料。
本实施例制备的炼铜转炉喷补料经测定：1400℃×3h热处理后体积密度为2.84~2.86g/cm3；1400℃×3h热处理后耐压强度为41~43MPa。
实施例3
一种炼铜转炉喷补料及其制备方法。本实施例所述制备方法的步骤是：
第一步、按铝铬渣︰棕刚玉︰聚丙烯酰胺的质量比为1︰(1.2~1.4)︰(0.02~0.03)配料，混合5~8分钟，即得预混颗粒料。
第二步、按铬精矿细粉︰γ-氧化铝微粉︰高纯镁砂细粉︰氧化锆微粉的质量比为1︰(22~24)︰(4~5)︰(1.2~1.4)配料，混合8~10分钟，即得预混基质料。
第三步、将所述预混基质料在30~50MPa条件下压制成型，再将成型后的坯体置于马弗炉中，在空气气氛和1350~1400℃条件下热处理30~60分钟，随炉冷却，出炉，破碎，研磨至粒度为60~80μm，制得热处理料。
第四步、按所述预混颗粒料︰所述热处理料的质量比为(2.0~2.2)︰1配料，混合5~10分钟，制得混合料。
第五步、按所述混合料︰铝溶胶︰羧甲基纤维素的质量比为1︰(0.07~0.09)︰(0.001~0.002)，向所述混合料中依次加入所述铝溶胶和所述羧甲基纤维素，混合5~8分钟，在25~35℃条件下困料20~30分钟，制得炼铜转炉喷补料。
本实施例制备的炼铜转炉喷补料经测定：1400℃×3h热处理后体积密度为2.85~2.87g/cm3；1400℃×3h热处理后耐压强度为42~44MPa。
实施例4
一种炼铜转炉喷补料及其制备方法。本实施例所述制备方法的步骤是：
第一步、按铝铬渣︰棕刚玉︰聚丙烯酰胺的质量比为1︰(1.3~1.5)︰(0.02~0.03)配料，混合5~8分钟，即得预混颗粒料。
第二步、按铬精矿细粉︰γ-氧化铝微粉︰高纯镁砂细粉︰氧化锆微粉的质量比为1︰(23~25)︰(4~5)︰(1.3~1.5)配料，混合8~10分钟，即得预混基质料。
第三步、将所述预混基质料在30~50MPa条件下压制成型，再将成型后的坯体置于马弗炉中，在空气气氛和1350~1400℃条件下热处理30~60分钟，随炉冷却，出炉，破碎，研磨至粒度为60~80μm，制得热处理料。
第四步、按所述预混颗粒料︰所述热处理料的质量比为(2.0~2.2)︰1配料，混合5~10分钟，制得混合料。
第五步、按所述混合料︰铝溶胶︰羧甲基纤维素的质量比为1︰(0.07~0.09)︰(0.001~0.002)，向所述混合料中依次加入所述铝溶胶和所述羧甲基纤维素，混合5~8分钟，在25~35℃条件下困料20~30分钟，制得炼铜转炉喷补料。
本实施例制备的炼铜转炉喷补料经测定：1400℃×3h热处理后体积密度为2.86~2.88g/cm3；1400℃×3h热处理后耐压强度为43~45MPa。
本具体实施方式与现有技术相比具有如下积极效果：
1、本具体实施方式采用冶炼铬铁合金所产生的炉渣为主要原料，显著降低了炼铜转炉喷补料的制备成本。
2、本具体实施方式在制备过程中无需特殊设备和复杂的处理技术，节省劳动力资源，工艺简单。
3、本具体实施方式利用溶胶结合及絮凝作用，降低喷补料的水分含量，进而实现半干法喷补，增大炼铜转炉喷补料的致密度和冷态耐压强度。
本具体实施方式制备的炼铜转炉喷补料经测定：1400℃×3h热处理后体积密度为2.83~2.88g/cm3；1400℃×3h热处理后耐压强度为40~45MPa。
因此，本具体实施方式具有成本低廉和工艺简单的特点；所制备的炼铜转炉喷补料致密度高和耐压强度大。

Claims (11)

1.一种炼铜转炉喷补料的制备方法，其特征在于所述制备方法的步骤是：
第一步、按铝铬渣︰棕刚玉︰聚丙烯酰胺的质量比为1︰(1~1.5)︰(0.01~0.03)配料，混合5~8分钟，即得预混颗粒料；
第二步、按铬精矿细粉︰γ-氧化铝微粉︰高纯镁砂细粉︰氧化锆微粉的质量比为1︰(20~25)︰(3~5)︰(1~1.5)配料，混合8~10分钟，即得预混基质料；
第三步、将所述预混基质料在30~50MPa条件下压制成型，再将成型后的坯体置于马弗炉中，在空气气氛和1350~1400℃条件下热处理30~60分钟，随炉冷却，出炉，破碎，研磨至粒度为60~80μm，制得热处理料；
第四步、按所述预混颗粒料︰所述热处理料的质量比为(1.9~2.2)︰1配料，混合5~10分钟，制得混合料；
第五步、按所述混合料︰铝溶胶︰羧甲基纤维素的质量比为1︰(0.06~0.09)︰(0.001~0.002)，向所述混合料中依次加入所述铝溶胶和所述羧甲基纤维素，混合5~8分钟，在25~35℃条件下困料20~30分钟，制得炼铜转炉喷补料。
2.根据权利要求1所述的炼铜转炉喷补料的制备方法，其特征在于所述铝铬渣为冶炼铬铁合金所产生的炉渣，铝铬渣的主要化学成分是：Al2O3为90~92wt%，Cr2O3为5~8wt%；所述铝铬渣的粒度为0.1~3mm。
3.根据权利要求1所述的炼铜转炉喷补料的制备方法，其特征在于所述棕刚玉的Al2O3含量≥98.5wt%；棕刚玉的粒度为0.1~3mm。
4.根据权利要求1所述的炼铜转炉喷补料的制备方法，其特征在于所述聚丙烯酰胺为化学纯。
5.根据权利要求1所述的炼铜转炉喷补料的制备方法，其特征在于所述铬精矿细粉的主要化学成分是：Al2O3为15~20wt%，MgO为25~30wt%，Cr2O3为30~35wt%，Fe2O3为5~8wt%，SiO2为3~5wt%；所述铬精矿细粉的粒度为60~80μm。
6.根据权利要求1所述的炼铜转炉喷补料的制备方法，其特征在于所述γ-氧化铝微粉的Al2O3含量≥99wt%；所述γ-氧化铝微粉的粒度为60~80μm。
7.根据权利要求1所述的炼铜转炉喷补料的制备方法，其特征在于所述高纯镁砂细粉的MgO含量≥98wt%；高纯镁砂细粉的粒度为60~80μm。
8.根据权利要求1所述的炼铜转炉喷补料的制备方法，其特征在于所述氧化锆微粉的主要化学成分是：ZrO2≥95wt%，MgO≥3wt%；所述氧化锆微粉的粒度为60~80μm。
9.根据权利要求1所述的炼铜转炉喷补料的制备方法，其特征在于所述铝溶胶的Al2O3含量为10~15wt%。
10.根据权利要求1所述的炼铜转炉喷补料的制备方法，其特征在于所述羧甲基纤维素为化学纯。
11.一种炼铜转炉喷补料，其特征在于所述炼铜转炉喷补料是根据权利要求1~10项中任一项所述的炼铜转炉喷补料的制备方法所制备的炼铜转炉喷补料。
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Application publication date: 20170922