CN107164666B - The energetic plate of 5083 ship aluminium alloys and its extrusion process - Google Patents

The energetic plate of 5083 ship aluminium alloys and its extrusion process Download PDF

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CN107164666B
CN107164666B CN201710397454.0A CN201710397454A CN107164666B CN 107164666 B CN107164666 B CN 107164666B CN 201710397454 A CN201710397454 A CN 201710397454A CN 107164666 B CN107164666 B CN 107164666B
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aluminium alloy
energetic
plate
extrusion
ship
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CN107164666A (en
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李延军
王义斌
孙巍
王睿
康铭
何强
周健
徐宁
刘施洋
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China Zhongwang Holdings Ltd
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C21/00Alloys based on aluminium
    • C22C21/06Alloys based on aluminium with magnesium as the next major constituent
    • C22C21/08Alloys based on aluminium with magnesium as the next major constituent with silicon
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21CMANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C23/00Extruding metal; Impact extrusion
    • B21C23/02Making uncoated products
    • B21C23/04Making uncoated products by direct extrusion
    • B21C23/06Making sheets
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21CMANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C29/00Cooling or heating work or parts of the extrusion press; Gas treatment of work
    • B21C29/003Cooling or heating of work
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22FCHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C22F1/00Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
    • C22F1/04Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
    • C22F1/047Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon of alloys with magnesium as the next major constituent

Abstract

The invention belongs to technical field of aluminum alloy technology, it is related to the energetic plate of 5083 ship aluminium alloys of one kind and its extrusion process, the formula of the energetic plate of aluminium alloy is formulated by following elemental constituent according to weight percent:0.05~0.10% Si, 0.05~0.10% Fe, 0.65~0.70% Mn, 4.0~4.4% Mg, 0.10~0.15% Cr, Zn content≤0.15%, Ti content≤0.05%, remaining single impurity content≤0.05%, impurity total≤0.15%, surplus is Al, and the weight percent summation of each component is 100%, solves the problems, such as that the energetic plate weldability of existing ship aluminium alloy and corrosion resistance are bad.

Description

The energetic plate of 5083 ship aluminium alloys and its extrusion process
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of aluminum alloy technology, are related to the energetic plate of 5083 ship aluminium alloys of one kind and its extrusion process.
Background technology
Its structural material of the operating environment requirements of ship has high specific strength, toughness, corrosion resistance, antifatigue, shock resistance And the comprehensive performances such as good weldability, the ship in marine environment is especially travelled, because seawater contains a large amount of Cl-, is There is a kind of typical electrolytic solution very strong corrosivity more to require material peculiar to vessel under this strong corrosive environment and stress Expect that there is excellent electrochemically resistant corrosion and anti-stress corrosion performance.In traditional material, although steel and polymer-based compound Material has an a large amount of application in shipbuilding, but that there is steel and high molecular material not to have is a series of for aluminum alloy materials Comprehensive performance, high specific strength and corrosion resistance, excellent formability and weldability easily recycle and make aluminium the features such as anti-aging Application of the alloy in shipbuilding is more and more, and has a high potential, has a extensive future.
5xxx line aluminium alloys at present, have higher intensity, good plasticity, corrosion stability and weldability, make the deck of boat, Its critical role is shown in barnacle, hull understructure, is the important materials for establishing Ship Structure.
The existing energetic plate of ship aluminium alloy, former alloying component are supplied for 6082, T6 states, and T6 refers to aluminium alloy extrusions So that aluminium is instantaneously cooled down with water cooling after being squeezed out out of extruder, aluminium section bar is made to reach higher hardness requirement.It is adopted when actual production It is quenched with water is worn, 490-520 DEG C of ingot casting heating temperature, product speed 3.0-5.0m/min, temperature is 20 after proximate matter quenching DEG C or so.This product packs delivery after (170-180) DEG C × 8h timeliness, although every testing result meets technical protocol mark Alignment request, but its weldability and corrosion resistance are general.In order to obtain better welding performance and more excellent corrosion resistance, The service life for improving ship, extruding production is carried out using better 5083 alloy of alloying level higher performance.
Invention content
In view of this, the present invention is bad in order to solve the energetic plate weldability of existing ship aluminium alloy and corrosion resistance Problem provides the energetic plate of 5083 ship aluminium alloys of one kind and its extrusion process.
In order to achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a kind of 5083 energetic plates of ship aluminium alloy, and the energetic plate of aluminium alloy is matched Side is formulated by following elemental constituent according to weight percent:
0.05~0.10% Si, 0.05~0.10% Fe, 0.65~0.70% Mn, 4.0~4.4% Mg, 0.10~0.15% Cr, Zn content≤0.15%, Ti content≤0.05%, remaining single impurity content≤0.05%, impurity The weight percent summation of total≤0.15%, surplus Al, each component are 100%.
Further, Si, 0.10% Fe that the energetic plate prescription each element component of aluminium alloy and weight percent are 0.10%, 0.65~0.70% Mn, 4.0~4.2% Mg, 0.10~0.15% Cr, 0.15% Zn, 0.05% Ti, remaining list The weight percent summation of a impurity content≤0.02%, impurity total≤0.12%, surplus Al, each component is 100%.
Further, Si, 0.08% Fe that the energetic plate prescription each element component of aluminium alloy and weight percent are 0.10%, 0.65~0.70% Mn, 4.2~4.4% Mg, 0.10~0.15% Cr, 0.12% Zn, 0.05% Ti, remaining list The weight percent summation of a impurity content≤0.02%, impurity total≤0.10%, surplus Al, each component is 100%.
A kind of extrusion process of the energetic plate of 5083 ship aluminium alloy, includes the following steps:
A, 5083 aluminium alloy cast ingots are pre-processed, pretreated ingot casting is in 520~540 DEG C of homogenizing anneal 16h Afterwards, it is put into the extrusion cylinder of extruder;
B, product mold is heated to 490~500 DEG C, the extrusion cylinder of extruder is heated to 420~430 DEG C, and production will be housed The workbench of product mold and the extrusion cylinder of extruder are matched for clamping tightly;
C, the extrusion cylinder in extrusion cylinder is run with the extrusion speed of 1.0~2.5m/min to product mold, is cast to aluminium alloy Ingot is squeezed, and aluminium alloy cast ingot is squeezed out from the die hole of product mold, obtains aluminum alloy plate materials, and wherein aluminium alloy cast ingot uses The heating temperature of fraction gradient mode of heating, extrusion cylinder head is 470~480 DEG C, and the heating temperature at middle part is 450~460 DEG C, The heating temperature of tail portion is 440~450 DEG C;
D, aluminum alloy plate materials made from step C being subjected to quenching treatment, aluminum alloy plate materials temperature before quenching is 430~ 450 DEG C, quenching mode is the air-cooled mode synchronous with atomization cooling, and quenched aluminum alloy plate materials temperature is 20~30 DEG C;
E, by quenched aluminum alloy plate materials into spheroidizing processing, temperature is 350 DEG C, and aging time is 3~5h.
Further, the pretreated process of aluminium alloy cast ingot includes dispensing, melting, casting and sawing railway carriage in step A, described Casting process is cast in 2T hydraulic semicontinuous casting machines, and smelting temperature is 700~720 DEG C.
Further, in step A pretreated ingot casting homogenizing anneal process in the electricity with forced hot air circulation system It hinders in stove and carries out.
Further, extruder is 75MN aluminium extruding machines in step B, and a diameter of 380mm of extrusion cylinder, the extrusion ratio of extrusion cylinder is 67.5。
Further, the circumscribed circle diameter of product mold is 250mm in step B, and product mold is thick in the energetic wooden partition of aluminium alloy Obstruction angle is made at position larger, smaller than perimeter, the energetic wooden partition thickness of aluminium alloy is relatively thin, position than Zhou Chang great is then made to promote stream angle.
Further, cooling velocity air-cooled in step D and that atomization is cooling is 50~80 DEG C/min.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
1, the energetic plate of aluminium alloy prepared by the extrusion process of the energetic plate of 5083 ship aluminium alloy, comprehensive performance reach The standard requirement of China Classification Society (CCS) is arrived, yield strength 290MPa, tensile strength reaches 355MPa, and elongation percentage reaches 16%, and its Peeling Corrosion testing result is highest N grades (no expected corrosion), and anti intercrystalline corrosion mass loss is only 2.5mg/cm2(standard requires to be less than 15mg/cm2)。
2,5083 ship is big cross section extrudate with the energetic plate of aluminium alloy, and circumscribed circle diameter reaches 250mm, for domestic mesh Before until maximum 5083 energetic plate section, metal flow is uneven, squeezes that difficulty is high, and there are the thin of sizes in section configuration Wall thickness structure.Extruding production for 5083 high-magnesium aluminum alloys, alloy metal fluidity itself is poor, to ensure cross dimensions There are certain difficulty for qualification.The energetic plate of aluminium alloy after extruding there are walls thin, wall thickness equidimension substandard product, by multiple Mould structure is changed, increasing for aluminum amount for the insufficient place of aluminum amount when to extruding for aluminum amount in extrusion process is changed;On the contrary, For the excessive place of aluminum amount, reduce for aluminum amount.The method of repairing a die of specific product mold is:Energetic wooden partition thickness it is larger, compare perimeter Obstruction angle is made at small position, to increase the flow resistance of aluminum metal here, slows down flow velocity, to reduce for aluminum amount;And in wall Thick position relatively thin, than Zhou Chang great is then made to promote stream angle, accelerates flow rate of metal, to increase for aluminum amount.Make the aluminum alloy strip of production Strength board size meets the high-precision grade requirements of GB/T14846.
3, the energetic plate of 5083 ship aluminium alloy after weld formation, turn round and twist the testing results such as degree and plane clearance by curvature The requirement of the high-precision grade standards of GB/T14846 is reached.
4, existing ship uses always 6082 alloys to carry out with the energetic plate section product of aluminium alloy in the same industry Production is squeezed, the energetic plate extrusion process of 5083 ship aluminium alloy is by optimum choice extrusion equipment and adjusts extrusion process, Extruding production is carried out using higher 5083 alloy of alloying level for the first time, has not only filled up domestic disconnected greatly in 5083 alloy thin-walls The blank of face extrudate production, efficiently solves dependence of China's such plank peculiar to vessel to import, and 5083 alloy sheets Body its excellent welding performance and corrosion resistance, can greatly improve the service life of ship-related products, while reducing ship and existing Manufacture difficulty in welding process contributes for the shipping industry in China.
Specific implementation mode
The preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail below.
Extrusion ratio (extrusion ratio) refers to squeezing the cross sectional area of barrel chamber with the total cross sectional area of extruded product The ratio between, also it is extrusion coefficient.
Embodiment 1:
A kind of extrusion process of the energetic plate of 5083 ship aluminium alloy, includes the following steps:
A, the gross mass of formula is 300kg, is formulated and is:0.10% Si, 0.10% Fe, 0.65% Mn, 4.0% Mg, 0.15% Cr, 0.15% Zn, 0.05% Ti, remaining single impurity content≤0.02%, impurity is total≤ The weight percent summation of 0.12%, surplus Al, each component are 100%.By each element of the formula, uniformly cooperation is placed on The casting temperature of founding in smelting furnace, smelting furnace is 720 DEG C, and fusion-casting process carries out in 2T hydraulic semicontinuous casting machines, casting Speed is 60mm/min, obtains aluminium alloy cast ingot;
B, it by after aluminium alloy cast ingot sawing, railway carriage made from step A, in 520~540 DEG C of homogenizing anneal 16h, is put into crowded In the extrusion cylinder of press, extruder is 75MN aluminium extruding machines, and the extrusion ratio of a diameter of 380mm of extrusion cylinder, extrusion cylinder are 67.5;
C, product mold is heated to 490 DEG C, the extrusion cylinder of extruder is heated to 420 DEG C, by the work equipped with product mold The extrusion cylinder for making platform and extruder is matched for clamping tightly, and the circumscribed circle diameter of product mold is 250mm, and product mold is energetic in aluminium alloy Obstruction angle is made at larger, smaller than the perimeter position of wooden partition thickness, the energetic wooden partition thickness of aluminium alloy is relatively thin, position than Zhou Chang great is then made to promote Flow angle;
D, the extrusion cylinder in extrusion cylinder is run with the extrusion speed of 2.5m/min to product mold, is carried out to aluminium alloy cast ingot It squeezes, aluminium alloy cast ingot is squeezed out from the die hole of product mold, obtains aluminum alloy plate materials, wherein aluminium alloy cast ingot is using segmentation ladder Mode of heating is spent, the heating temperature on extrusion cylinder head is 470~480 DEG C, and the heating temperature at middle part is 450~460 DEG C, tail portion Heating temperature is 440~450 DEG C;
E, aluminum alloy plate materials made from step D being subjected to quenching treatment, aluminum alloy plate materials temperature before quenching is 430~ 450 DEG C, quenching mode is the air-cooled mode synchronous with atomization cooling, and cooling velocity air-cooled and that atomization is cooling is 50 DEG C/min, Quenched aluminum alloy plate materials temperature is 20 DEG C;
F, by quenched aluminum alloy plate materials into spheroidizing processing, temperature is 350 DEG C, and aging time is 3~5h.
Embodiment 2:
A kind of extrusion process of the energetic plate of 5083 ship aluminium alloy, includes the following steps:
A, the gross mass of formula is 300kg, is formulated and is:0.10% Si, 0.08% Fe, 0.70% Mn, 4.4% Mg, 0.15% Cr, 0.12% Zn, 0.05% Ti, remaining single impurity content≤0.02%, impurity is total≤ The weight percent summation of 0.10%, surplus Al, each component are 100%.By each element of the formula, uniformly cooperation is placed on The casting temperature of founding in smelting furnace, smelting furnace is 700 DEG C, and fusion-casting process carries out in 2T hydraulic semicontinuous casting machines, casting Speed is 90mm/min, obtains aluminium alloy cast ingot;
B, it by after aluminium alloy cast ingot sawing, railway carriage made from step A, in 520~540 DEG C of homogenizing anneal 16h, is put into crowded In the extrusion cylinder of press, extruder is 75MN aluminium extruding machines, and the extrusion ratio of a diameter of 380mm of extrusion cylinder, extrusion cylinder are 67.5;
C, product mold is heated to 490 DEG C, the extrusion cylinder of extruder is heated to 420 DEG C, by the work equipped with product mold The extrusion cylinder for making platform and extruder is matched for clamping tightly, and the circumscribed circle diameter of product mold is 250mm, and product mold is energetic in aluminium alloy Obstruction angle is made at larger, smaller than the perimeter position of wooden partition thickness, the energetic wooden partition thickness of aluminium alloy is relatively thin, position than Zhou Chang great is then made to promote Flow angle;
D, the extrusion cylinder in extrusion cylinder is run with the extrusion speed of 2.5m/min to product mold, is carried out to aluminium alloy cast ingot It squeezes, aluminium alloy cast ingot is squeezed out from the die hole of product mold, obtains aluminum alloy plate materials, wherein aluminium alloy cast ingot is using segmentation ladder Mode of heating is spent, the heating temperature on extrusion cylinder head is 470~480 DEG C, and the heating temperature at middle part is 450~460 DEG C, tail portion Heating temperature is 440~450 DEG C;
E, aluminum alloy plate materials made from step D being subjected to quenching treatment, aluminum alloy plate materials temperature before quenching is 430~ 450 DEG C, quenching mode is the air-cooled mode synchronous with atomization cooling, and cooling velocity air-cooled and that atomization is cooling is 80 DEG C/min, Quenched aluminum alloy plate materials temperature is 30 DEG C;
F, by quenched aluminum alloy plate materials into spheroidizing processing, temperature is 350 DEG C, and aging time is 3~5h.
The test of Peeling Corrosion behavior is carried out to the energetic plate of aluminium alloy that embodiment 1 and embodiment 2 produce, evaluating result is such as Table 1:
By table 1 it is known that the energetic plate yield strength of aluminium alloy made from embodiment 1 is 285Mpa, tensile strength is 353Mpa, elongation percentage have reached 12.6%, and anti intercrystalline corrosion mass loss is 2.4mg/cm2, it is less than standard and requires 15mg/cm2, Peeling Corrosion grade is highest N grades;The energetic plate yield strength of aluminium alloy made from embodiment 2 is 290Mpa, and tensile strength is 355Mpa, elongation percentage have reached 16%, and anti intercrystalline corrosion mass loss is 2.5mg/cm2, it is less than standard and requires 15mg/cm2, stripping It is highest N grades to fall corrosion class also, does not occur spot corrosion and Peeling Corrosion phenomenon, meets the standard of China Classification Society (CCS) It is required that.
The test of Peeling Corrosion behavior is carried out to the energetic plate of aluminium alloy that embodiment 1 and embodiment 2 produce, evaluating result is such as Table 2:
Plane clearance (mm) It turns round and twists degree (mm/m) Curvature (mm/m) Cut gradient (°)
Embodiment 1 0.4 0.8 0.5 90
Embodiment 2 0.25 1.0 0.4 90
By table 2 it is known that the energetic plate plane clearance of aluminium alloy made from embodiment 1 is 0.4mm, made from embodiment 2 The energetic plate plane clearance of aluminium alloy is 0.25mm, the 1.1mm of the high-precision grade standards of respectively less than GB/T14846;Aluminium made from embodiment 1 The energetic plate of alloy, which is turned round, twists degree as 0.8mm/m, and it is 1.0mm/m, respectively less than GB/ that the energetic plate of aluminium alloy made from embodiment 2, which is turned round and twists degree, The 6mm/m of the high-precision grade standards of T14846;The energetic plate benging degree of aluminium alloy made from embodiment 1 is 0.5mm/m, and embodiment 2 is made The energetic plate benging degree of aluminium alloy be 0.4mm/m, the 2.5mm/m of the high-precision grade standards of respectively less than GB/T14846;Therefore, this 5083 The energetic plate benging degree of aluminium alloy, the stubborn degree of torsion and plane gap detection result prepared by the energetic plate extrusion process of ship aluminium alloy is equal Reach and more than the requirement of the high-precision grade standards of GB/T14846.
Finally illustrate, preferred embodiment above is merely illustrative of the technical solution of the present invention and unrestricted, although logical It crosses above preferred embodiment the present invention is described in detail, however, those skilled in the art should understand that, can be Various changes are made to it in form and in details, without departing from claims of the present invention limited range.

Claims (9)

1. a kind of extrusion process of the energetic plate of 5083 ship aluminium alloy, which is characterized in that include the following steps:
A, 5083 aluminium alloy cast ingots are pre-processed, pretreated ingot casting is put after 520~540 DEG C of homogenizing anneal 16h In the extrusion cylinder for entering extruder;
B, product mold is heated to 490~500 DEG C, the extrusion cylinder of extruder is heated to 420~430 DEG C, and product mould will be housed The workbench of tool and the extrusion cylinder of extruder are matched for clamping tightly;
C, the extrusion cylinder in extrusion cylinder with the extrusion speed of 1.0~2.5m/min to product mold run, to aluminium alloy cast ingot into Row squeezes, and aluminium alloy cast ingot is squeezed out from the die hole of product mold, obtains aluminum alloy plate materials, wherein aluminium alloy cast ingot is using segmentation The heating temperature of gradient-heated mode, extrusion cylinder head is 470~480 DEG C, and the heating temperature at middle part is 450~460 DEG C, tail portion Heating temperature be 440~450 DEG C;
D, aluminum alloy plate materials made from step C being subjected to quenching treatment, the aluminum alloy plate materials temperature before quenching is 430~450 DEG C, Quenching mode is the air-cooled mode synchronous with atomization cooling, and quenched aluminum alloy plate materials temperature is 20~30 DEG C;
E, quenched aluminum alloy plate materials are subjected to spheroidizing processing, temperature is 350 DEG C, and aging time is 3~5h.
2. the extrusion process of the energetic plate of 5083 ship aluminium alloy as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that aluminium in step A The pretreated process of alloy cast ingot includes dispensing, melting, casting and sawing railway carriage, and the casting process is in the semicontinuous casting of 2T hydraulic pressure It makes in machine and is cast, smelting temperature is 700~720 DEG C.
3. the extrusion process of the energetic plate of 5083 ship aluminium alloy as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that pre- in step A Treated, and ingot casting homogenizing anneal process carries out in the resistance furnace with forced hot air circulation system.
4. the extrusion process of the energetic plate of 5083 ship aluminium alloy as claimed in claim 2 or claim 3, which is characterized in that in step B Extruder is 75MN aluminium extruding machines, and the extrusion ratio of a diameter of 380mm of extrusion cylinder, extrusion cylinder are 67.5.
5. the extrusion process of the energetic plate of 5083 ship aluminium alloy as claimed in claim 2 or claim 3, which is characterized in that in step B The circumscribed circle diameter of product mold is 250mm, and product mold hinders at larger, smaller than the perimeter position of the energetic wooden partition thickness of aluminium alloy Hinder angle, the energetic wooden partition thickness of aluminium alloy is relatively thin, position than Zhou Chang great is then made to promote stream angle.
6. the extrusion process of the energetic plate of 5083 ship aluminium alloy as claimed in claim 5, which is characterized in that step D apoplexy Cooling velocity cold and that atomization is cooling is 50~80 DEG C/min.
7. 5083 ships prepared by a kind of extrusion process of the 5083 energetic plates of ship aluminium alloy according to claim 1 are used The energetic plate of aluminium alloy, formula are formulated by following elemental constituent according to weight percent:0.05~0.10% Si, 0.05 ~0.10% Fe, 0.65~0.70% Mn, 4.0~4.4% Mg, 0.10~0.15% Cr, Zn content≤0.15%, Ti content≤0.05%, remaining single impurity content≤0.05%, impurity total≤0.15%, surplus Al, the weight of each component It is 100% to measure percentage summation.
8. the energetic plate of 5083 ship aluminium alloy as claimed in claim 7, the energetic plate prescription each element component of aluminium alloy and again Measure Si, 0.10% Fe, 0.65~0.70% Mn, 4.0~4.2% Mg, 0.10~0.15% that percentage is 0.10% Cr, 0.15% Zn, 0.05% Ti, remaining single impurity content≤0.02%, impurity total≤0.12%, surplus is The weight percent summation of Al, each component are 100%.
9. the energetic plate of 5083 ship aluminium alloy as claimed in claim 8, the energetic plate prescription each element component of aluminium alloy and again Measure Si, 0.08% Fe, 0.65~0.70% Mn, 4.2~4.4% Mg, 0.10~0.15% that percentage is 0.10% Cr, 0.12% Zn, 0.05% Ti, remaining single impurity content≤0.02%, impurity total≤0.10%, surplus is The weight percent summation of Al, each component are 100%.
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