CN107159889B - Product temperature subregion measurement and control method in laser gain material manufacture - Google Patents
Product temperature subregion measurement and control method in laser gain material manufacture Download PDFInfo
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- CN107159889B CN107159889B CN201710505602.6A CN201710505602A CN107159889B CN 107159889 B CN107159889 B CN 107159889B CN 201710505602 A CN201710505602 A CN 201710505602A CN 107159889 B CN107159889 B CN 107159889B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000009529 body temperature measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008646 thermal stress Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910001069 Ti alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011897 real-time detection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000638 solvent extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004781 supercooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004154 testing of material Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/30—Process control
- B22F10/36—Process control of energy beam parameters
- B22F10/366—Scanning parameters, e.g. hatch distance or scanning strategy
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/30—Process control
- B22F10/36—Process control of energy beam parameters
- B22F10/368—Temperature or temperature gradient, e.g. temperature of the melt pool
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
- B22F12/90—Means for process control, e.g. cameras or sensors
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y50/00—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing
- B33Y50/02—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing for controlling or regulating additive manufacturing processes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/20—Direct sintering or melting
- B22F10/25—Direct deposition of metal particles, e.g. direct metal deposition [DMD] or laser engineered net shaping [LENS]
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
Abstract
The present invention is product temperature subregion measurement and control method in a kind of manufacture of laser gain material, step are as follows: step 1): layering, subregion and determining scanning direction, part to be formed is layered, every layer is divided into several great Qu, multiple zonules are generated in major area again, and determine the scanning direction of each zonule laser；Step 2: the temperature of each great Qu is measured according to the temperature measurer that great Qu number selectes respective numbers；Step 3): processing first layer is that processing unit changes next zonule after completing the processing of a zonule since the domain of origin cell with zonule, until completing the processing of first layer；Step 4): after processing first layer, successively processing is until complete the processing of entire part.The present invention can effectively solve in increasing material manufacturing region problems of excessive heat brought by traditional partition method, can temperature gradient and stress distribution in Reasonable Regulation And Control drip molding forming process, reduce deformation and cracking may, improve the forming quality of part.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to material increasing fields, and in particular to the measurement of product temperature subregion and control in a kind of manufacture of laser gain material
Method processed.
Background technique
It is to act directly on metal powder to make using high energy laser beam using laser as the increases material manufacturing technology of energy source
The forming of powder Melting And Solidification, can be with direct forming high-melting-point, complex-shaped or dissimilar materials functionally gradient part, forming process
It is according to part geometry shape, using metal powder successively by road accumulation forming part.Its unique metal parts processing is special
Point rapidly develops it, is applied successfully in recent years in various fields such as aviation, military affairs, medicine and automobiles, and
Important function is played.
Although the development of laser gain material manufacturing technology is advanced by leaps and bounds in recent years, its process still have it is some not
Evitable problem.Wherein, because the high-energy of laser energy sources short time zonule inputs, part is caused integrally to generate larger temperature
Gradient and thermal stress are spent, and then part deformation, cracking is made to be a big technical problems of current laser gain material facing manufacturing technology.It is special
It is not when processing large-scale part, which is especially apparent.
At this stage, many solutions are proposed for this problem, wherein optimizing scanning strategy, using island scanning mode
It is currently widely used a kind of method, this method can effectively reduce the temperature gradient in part process, for balance zero
Part surface and built-in thermal stress and reduction stress deformation play an important role.But use island scanning mode, partitioning strategies with
Sector scanning sequence automatically generates before processing in software inhouse at random, and intelligent constituency cannot be carried out based on part own temperature
It adjusts, the supercooling of part zonule and problems of excessive heat can only be alleviated to a certain extent, lack the control to part bulk temperature.
Summary of the invention
Above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art are directed to, technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a kind of laser gain material systems
Middle product temperature subregion measurement and control method is made, on the basis of using island scanning mode, is divided greatly by real-time measurement
The surface temperature in area, the scanning sequency of each scanning area of on-line control, the bulk temperature ladder of part in Effective Regulation process
Degree and stress distribution, for preventing strain cracking etc. from having better effects.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is that:
Product temperature subregion measurement and control method in a kind of manufacture of laser gain material, which is characterized in that step are as follows:
Step 1): part to be formed is layered by layering, subregion and determining scanning direction, and every layer is divided into several great Qu, then
Multiple zonules are generated in major area, and determine the scanning direction of each zonule laser；
Step 2: the temperature of each great Qu is measured according to the temperature measurer that great Qu number selectes respective numbers；
Step 3): processing first layer is that processing unit completes a zonule since the domain of origin cell with zonule
Processing after change next zonule, until complete first layer processing；Next zonule is the minimum great Qu of temperature
Interior any unprocessed zonule；
Step 4): after processing first layer, successively processing is until complete the processing of entire part；Successively each layer when processing
Origin cell domain be any zonule in the minimum great Qu of the machined layer temperature, since the domain of origin cell, complete
Next zonule is changed after the processing of one zonule, until completing the processing of the machined layer；Next zonule is temperature
Spend any unprocessed zonule in minimum great Qu.
The area Suo Fen great number is preferably set to 6~8 (no more than 8), and the area Suo Fen great is too many or very little, all will lead to temperature
Degree gradient becomes larger, and the area Suo Fen great will lead to monitoring difficulty too much and be promoted, very little that the regulating effect to temperature gradient is unobvious.
The area of zonule is no more than 10 cm2, will lead to greatly very much and larger stress deformation occur in zonule.
The temperature measurer is infrared radiation thermometer.
The temperature-measuring range of the infrared radiation thermometer is adjusted to major area corresponding to substrate and originates center position, specifically
Method of adjustment is first to open and manually adjust to be directed toward practical center position for laser designation light, then pass through the shifting of temperature measurer connecting rod
It moves and itself is around the rotational alignment of the connecting rod single-degree-of-freedom center.
Infrared radiation thermometer number used by thermometric is identical as the area Suo Fen great number, and infrared radiation thermometer is fixed on the table
On reserved guide rail by work stage, temperature probe can follow work stage movement consistent always with workpiece surface temperature measurement location.
The search coverage diameter of temperature probe is 10~40mm, and temperature measurement error is no more than 2%.
Also undressed complete in last scanning zonule, just providing control signal in advance makes temperature measurer start to acquire each detection zone
Domain temperature, temperature detection are fed back overall response time and are no more than 1 second, can guarantee that processing Non-intermittent is persistently completed in this way.
Shielding processing is used to machined zonule, to ensure not occurring single area secondary operation in part process
The problem of.
The invention has the advantages that:
The present invention carries out subregion measurement to the Part temperature in laser gain material manufacture, and by specifying laser scanning area online
The mode in domain controls part bulk temperature, can effectively reduce piece surface temperature gradient and balance stress distribution, reduce
Deformation extent and possibility of cracks, this method is simple and practical, can effectively avoid be randomly assigned brought by scanning area it is various not
Certainty realizes the temperature-visualizedization control of process.
Detailed description of the invention
Substrate deformation testing scheme shows when Fig. 1 is Laser Melting Deposition forming test exemplar described in the embodiment of the present invention one
It is intended to；
Fig. 2 is the partition method forming test sample generated at random described in the embodiment of the present invention two using hierarchy slicing software
Substrate deformation amount versus time curve when part；
Fig. 3 is base when use is based on Intelligent partition method forming test exemplar of the invention described in the embodiment of the present invention two
Plate deflection versus time curve.
Specific embodiment
For the ease of the understanding of those skilled in the art, below with reference to embodiment, the present invention is further illustrated, real
The content that the mode of applying refers to not is limitation of the invention.
Using product temperature subregion measurement and control method in laser gain material of the present invention manufacture, in Laser Melting Deposition lathe
Upper direct forming titanium alloy (TC4) testing of materials exemplar, test use semiconductor laser, laser spot diameter 3mm, test
Exemplar is one having a size of 240mm × 180mm × 6mm cuboid thin plate, and processing substrate size used in the part is 360mm
× 240mm × 15mm is clamped substrate side using clamping device in process, and the substrate other side is free end, entire base
Plate is in cantilever position, while installing laser displacement sensor LDS in the lower right-hand side of substrate, as shown in Figure 1, process
In, pass through the displacement on the right side of LDS real-time detection and base plate along the vertical direction, the i.e. deflection of substrate.The present embodiment design
2 experiments, first is that the tests exemplar is processed using the random subregion of software, second is that using based on Intelligent partition side of the invention
Method, specific steps are as follows:
Step 1): layering, subregion and determining scanning direction, the present embodiment is first with slice and subregion software hanging box to be formed
Part modeling and layering, recycle the sectoring function in hierarchy slicing software to be divided into several great Qu, the area Suo Fen great for every layer
Number is 6, and each great Qu planar dimension is about 40mm × 30mm, and is distinguished into 12 small scanning areas for major, each
The area of scanning area is about 100cm2, and determine the scanning direction of each zonule laser, then specify processing starting small
Area generation machining path program imports increasing material manufacturing equipment control terminal；
Step 2: adjustment fixed infrared temperature detector temperature measurement location selectes the infrared survey of identical quantity according to great Qu number
Wen Yi (used infrared radiation thermometer is temperature probe form, and search coverage diameter is 10mm, 2%) temperature measurement error is no more than,
On reserved guide rail by the work stage on the table that is fixed, temperature probe can follow work stage mobile, can guarantee in this way
Workpiece surface temperature measurement location is constant always, then adjusts its temperature probe temperature-measuring range to major area corresponding to substrate and originates
Center position, specific method of adjustment are first to open and manually adjust to be directed toward practical center position for laser designation light, then pass through
The movement of temperature measurer connecting rod is with itself around the rotational alignment of the connecting rod single-degree-of-freedom center；
Step 3): starting to process preassigned origin cell domain, when the zonule will process, with regard to advanced 0.5
Second, which provides control signal, makes infrared radiation thermometer start to acquire each detection zone temperature, and the temperature that each temperature measurer detects itself is anti-
It feeds recording control system, all infrared radiation thermometers are focused on by a recording control system, acquire each search coverage
Interior temperature information and processing is that mean temperature compares again, chooses the undressed cell in minimum temperature great Qu at random, together
When to machined zonule use shielding processing, machining information is then transmitted to apparatus control system and is processed, temperature detection
It feeds back overall response time to be no more than 1 second, circulation in this way is gone down, until completing the processing of entire level；
Step 4): after processing one layer, next floor starting great Qu is determined by comparing major area's temperature, and be randomly assigned this
Origin cell domain in great Qu starts to process, circulation step 3) and the step, until completing the processing of entire part.
Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 is substrate deformation amount of the both methods when processing 3 thickness respectively, it is found that is based on this hair
Bright Intelligent partition method can be obviously reduced part in process and reflect the present invention because of deformation caused by thermal gradient and exist
The important function of part bulk temperature control aspect in laser gain material manufacture.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of product temperature subregion measurement and control method in laser gain material manufacture, which is characterized in that step are as follows:
Step 1): part to be formed is layered, every layer is divided into several great Qu, then each by layering, subregion and determining scanning direction
Multiple zonules are generated in great Qu, and determine the scanning direction of each zonule laser；
Step 2: the temperature of each great Qu is measured according to the temperature measurer that great Qu number selectes respective numbers；
Step 3): processing first layer is processing unit with zonule, since the domain of origin cell, completes adding for a zonule
Next zonule is changed after work, until completing the processing of first layer；It is also undressed complete in last scanning zonule, control is provided in advance
Signal processed makes temperature measurer start to acquire each detection zone temperature；Next zonule is any in the minimum great Qu of temperature
Unprocessed zonule；
Step 4): after processing first layer, successively processing is until complete the processing of entire part；Each layer of when successively processing
Beginning zonule is any zonule in the minimum great Qu of the machined layer temperature, since the domain of origin cell, completes one
Next zonule is changed after the processing of zonule, until completing the processing of the machined layer；Next zonule be temperature most
Any unprocessed zonule in the area Di great.
2. product temperature subregion measurement and control method in a kind of laser gain material manufacture according to claim 1, feature
Be: the area Suo Fen great number is set to 6~8.
3. product temperature subregion measurement and control method in a kind of laser gain material manufacture according to claim 1, feature
Be: the area of zonule is no more than 10cm2。
4. product temperature subregion measurement and control method in a kind of any laser gain material manufacture according to claim 1~3,
It is characterized by: the temperature measurer is infrared radiation thermometer.
5. product temperature subregion measurement and control method in a kind of laser gain material manufacture according to claim 4, feature
It is: the temperature-measuring range of the infrared radiation thermometer is adjusted to major area corresponding to substrate and originates center position, it is specific to adjust
Adjusting method is first to open and manually adjust to be directed toward practical center position for laser designation light, then pass through the movement of temperature measurer connecting rod
With itself around the rotational alignment of the connecting rod single-degree-of-freedom center.
6. product temperature subregion measurement and control method in a kind of laser gain material manufacture according to claim 4, feature
Be: infrared radiation thermometer number used by thermometric is identical as the area Suo Fen great number, the fixed work on the table of infrared radiation thermometer
On reserved guide rail by part platform, temperature probe follows work stage movement consistent always with workpiece surface temperature measurement location.
7. product temperature subregion measurement and control method in a kind of laser gain material manufacture according to claim 6, feature
Be: the diameter of the search coverage of temperature probe is 10~40mm, and temperature measurement error is no more than 2%.
8. product temperature subregion measurement and control method in a kind of laser gain material manufacture according to claim 1, feature
Be: temperature detection is fed back overall response time and is no more than 1 second, guarantees that processing Non-intermittent is persistently completed.
9. product temperature subregion measurement and control method in a kind of laser gain material manufacture according to claim 1, feature
It is: to machined zonule using shielding processing, to ensure not occurring single area secondary operation in part process
Problem.
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Families Citing this family (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107737927A (en) * | 2017-09-22 | 2018-02-27 | 南京航空航天大学 | A kind of method for improving Laser Melting Deposition forming quality |
| CN107626923A (en) * | 2017-10-20 | 2018-01-26 | 鑫精合激光科技发展（北京）有限公司 | A kind of method of quality control and system of laser deposition molding product |
| CN109213233B (en) * | 2018-03-21 | 2021-06-29 | 中国航空制造技术研究院 | Temperature field regulating and controlling method and device in electron beam fuse additive manufacturing |
| CN108637252B (en) * | 2018-05-16 | 2020-04-24 | 南京先进激光技术研究院 | 3D printing scanning method based on SLM technology and 3D printer |
| CN109290579A (en) * | 2018-12-14 | 2019-02-01 | 鑫精合激光科技发展（北京）有限公司 | Laser deposition planning parameters of scanning paths method |
| CN109571945A (en) * | 2018-12-14 | 2019-04-05 | 鑫精合激光科技发展（北京）有限公司 | A kind of laser deposition planning parameters of scanning paths method |
| CN109482879A (en) * | 2018-12-27 | 2019-03-19 | 鑫精合激光科技发展（北京）有限公司 | A kind of functionally gradient material (FGM) preparation method based on coaxial powder-feeding |
| CN110125402A (en) * | 2019-05-29 | 2019-08-16 | 中国航空制造技术研究院 | A kind of efficient low stress electron beam fuse deposition formation method |
| CN110340358B (en) * | 2019-07-09 | 2020-02-18 | 南京中科煜宸激光技术有限公司 | Method for gradient regulation of process parameters in additive manufacturing process |
| CN110695492B (en) * | 2019-09-24 | 2020-11-24 | 华中科技大学 | Temperature distribution-based complex part partition manufacturing method |
| CN111693168A (en) * | 2020-06-04 | 2020-09-22 | 西安交通大学 | Substrate multipoint temperature monitoring and deformation measuring system and working method |
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