CN107155916B

CN107155916B - Automatic change control milk cow device of adopting food

Info

Publication number: CN107155916B
Application number: CN201710234901.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 倪晓春; 邢科礼; 缪正成; 杨孟林
Original assignee: University of Shanghai for Science and Technology
Current assignee: University of Shanghai for Science and Technology
Priority date: 2017-04-12
Filing date: 2017-04-12
Publication date: 2021-02-23
Anticipated expiration: 2037-04-12
Also published as: CN107155916A

Abstract

The invention relates to an automatic milk cow feeding monitoring device. The device comprises a feeding station, a lower computer weighing instrument and a remote central management computer, wherein the remote central management computer stores identity coding information of cows, feeding trough information, feed formula information, feeding residual material information, a mathematical statistics database and a real-time monitoring interface. The feeding station includes: a trough easy to disassemble; two groups of balance beam type weighing sensors are arranged at the mounting base; photoelectric light-on signals for retrieving the cow position; a radio frequency identifier for distinguishing milk cow information; the pneumatic valve automatically controls the feeding gate. The invention is used for developing the work of the domestic dairy cow breeding field in the aspects of automatically controlling and distributing the feeding information of the dairy cows, and provides a control method of the feeding information of the dairy cows, which is helpful for the work of the dairy cow feed nutrition.

Description

Automatic change control milk cow device of adopting food

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of animal breeding, in particular to an automatic milk cow feeding monitoring device.

Background

In recent years, livestock breeding industry in China is rapidly developed, for example, dairy cattle breeding, the number of the livestock in the livestock farm in China reaches 1500 ten thousand at present, which accounts for about 8% of the world, and the milk yield jumps to the third world. However, because the population base of China is large, the average population is 1/3, and a large amount of dairy products need to be imported every year.

Although China is a big cow breeding country, China is not a strong cow breeding country, compared with the world level, the breeding level of cows is lower, and the main expression is that: the overall scale is small, and the culture concept is backward; the feed has unreasonable nutrition proportion and high cost; the milk yield is low, the milk quality needs to be improved, the defects are mainly caused by factors such as backward facilities, feeding management and the like, for example, the facilities for the group breeding of the dairy cows in the existing dairy cow farm are backward, when the dairy cows are fed, the breeding mode of the dairy cow farm is open breeding, namely, the feeding is poured into the whole trough, the dairy cows can eat at any time and any position, the food consumption can not be counted, the food consumption of the dairy cows is uneven, the food consumption of some dairy cows is much, the food consumption of some dairy cows is little, the fat and thin are uneven, the consistency of the group is poor, the milk yield of the dairy cows is influenced, after the individual has the food consumption problem, the information can not be fed back to the feeding personnel in time, and the protective measures. Meanwhile, when the feed is researched, the cattle needs to be grouped to carry out experiments, and if the feeding behavior of the cows cannot be controlled, the development work of the experimental research cannot be carried out.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the problems in the prior art, provides an automatic milk cow feeding monitoring device, aims to develop the work of the domestic milk cow breeding field in the aspects of automatically controlling and distributing milk cow feeding information, and provides a control method of the milk cow feeding information to help the work of milk cow feed nutrition.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention has the following conception: the device comprises a feeding station, a digital ear tag, a lower computer instrument and a remote central management computer, wherein the remote central management computer stores the identity coding information of the dairy cows, the feeding trough information, the feed formula information, the feeding residual material information, a mathematical statistic database and a real-time monitoring interface. The feeding station includes: a trough easy to disassemble; two groups of balance beam type weighing sensors are arranged at the mounting base; photoelectric light-on signals for retrieving the cow position; a radio frequency identifier for distinguishing milk cow information; the pneumatic valve automatically controls the feeding gate. The cow ear tag is a passive electronic ear tag carrying cow identity coding information and is used for being installed on the cow ears. The lower computer instrument collects information of the feeding station and performs information interaction with the upper computer, automatically controls the opening and closing of the gate according to the set cow-trough-forage control information, records the ingestion information of the cow in real time, and stores the data in the computer database.

When the automatic monitoring device is used, the cows are in a hungry state and automatically move to the feeding station after milking each time, when the cows approach the neck clamp to feed, the heads and the necks of the cows block the light path of the photoelectric correlation switch, the radio frequency card reader is triggered to read the cow numbers at the moment, whether the feeding feed numbers corresponding to the cow numbers are consistent or not is searched, if the information is consistent, the instrument controls to send a recording instruction, and the weight value of the feed before feeding and the cow numbers are recorded and stored in the upper computer database; the controller enables the electromagnetic pneumatic valve to be electrified, and the gate of the feeding trough is opened. In the milk cow feeding process, lower photoelectricity is electrified, then indicates that the milk cow begins to eat, and before upper and lower light path does not resume, the controller does not do any processing and is in standby state, switches on as upper and lower photoelectric switch's light path, explains that the milk cow leaves, and the host computer sends the instruction control gate and closes to it is heavy to note the fodder after eating the material, accomplishes once complete food data record back, empties data in this control module, waits for the next ox and continues trigger command.

According to the description, the automatic monitoring cow feeding device defines and distributes respective feed forage to each individual in a cow group, control over cow information and feed information can be achieved, after the distribution information is defined, the system fully automatically controls work of each feeding station, a large amount of manpower and material resources are saved, meanwhile, a computer can monitor working conditions of each trough in real time, important information such as cow information and forage weight is stored, and analysis and processing of experimenters are facilitated.

According to the invention concept, the automatic cow feeding monitoring device adopts the following technical scheme: an automatic change control milk cow device of adopting food includes: feeding station I, next computer weighing instrument II and remote central management computer III, its characterized in that: the feeding station I is electrically connected with the lower computer weighing instrument II, and the remote central management computer III is connected with the lower computer weighing instrument II and the feeding station I through a communication network. The feeding station I is a controlled object and is composed of a mechanical mechanism, a control element and an information acquisition element. The lower computer weighing instruments II are control media, each lower computer weighing instrument II controls the work of two feeding stations I, digital quantity, switching value and analog quantity information in the feeding stations I are collected, and information interaction is carried out between the lower computer weighing instruments II and a remote central management computer III through a communication module. The remote central management computer III is a control center, has the capacity of storing identity coding information of cows, feeding trough information, feed formula information, feeding residual material information, a mathematical statistics database and real-time monitoring, and controls the work of the feeding station I through information transmission with the weighing instrument II of the lower computer.

The feeding station I comprises: the device comprises a feeding trough 1, a cow neck frame 2, a gate track 3, a gate 4, a threading trough upright post 5, a photoelectric device 6, a radio frequency inductor 7, a reflector 8, a cylinder 9, a connecting upright post 10, an F-shaped connecting plate 11, a weighing sensor 12, a weighing base 13 and a mounting groove profile 14.

The control objects of the lower computer weighing instrument II and the medium between the feeding station I and the remote central management computer III comprise RS-232 communication of a radio frequency card reader, switching value control of an air valve, signals of a photoelectric sensor, analog quantity signals of a weighing sensor and a communication protocol between the lower computer weighing instrument II and the remote central management computer III; designing a lower computer weighing instrument II according to the signals of the controlled object: LPC2378 based on ARM7 designs and develops each component interface for a core microprocessor, and a GF-12ZH type weighing sensor passes through a 24-bit high-precision A/D converter after being isolated by high-speed photoelectricity to realize the collection of weighing data; a photoelectric device in the feeding station I is acquired by a switching value input circuit; the output of the relay is controlled by a switching value output circuit; the radio frequency card reader is an RS-232 signal and realizes acquisition through an MAX3232 chip; data interaction is realized between the remote central management computer and the remote central management computer III through a DP communication chip SPC 3; FRAM stores the set parameters for the power failure protection register; the keyboard and the display carry out parameter setting on a lower computer weighing instrument II; the design performance indexes are as follows: the simulation weighing platform supports at most 8 350Ohm simulation sensors, 150000 display graduation precision, 5V excitation, 0-20mV input signal range, and supports 2mV/V and 3mV/V sensors, 6-bit LED segment codes, one RS232 serial port, a multi-path input/output option board and a PROFIBUS-DP option board.

The software of the remote central management computer III is compiled by labview software, and comprises front panel layout design and back panel program programming; the front panel design functions include: logging in an interface, selecting a control mode, counting residual materials, monitoring the interface in real time, distributing forage for dairy cows, distributing forage for a trough, warehousing the information of the dairy cows and inquiring historical data; back panel programming includes: the system comprises a communication module, a real-time weight processing module, a main control logic module, an ACCESS database module and an auxiliary function module which are realized with an OPC Server based on a DataSocket technology.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following obvious and prominent substantive characteristics and remarkable technical progress:

1. the conventional ear tag is changed into a digital ear tag, and the identity information of the cows in the digital ear tag is defined and identified by utilizing the radio frequency technology, which is superior to the traditional manual recording and video identification mode.

2. The development of the lower computer weighing instrument integrates the functions of a control element and a collecting element in the feeding station, so that the whole device has excellent control performance and a powerful data collecting function, and realizes full-automatic control.

3. The upper computer software further amplifies the functions of the lower computer weighing instrument, unification of information between a laboratory and a cowshed is achieved, collected data can be processed and analyzed, the trouble of manual recording is thoroughly avoided, and the reliability of the data is improved.

Drawings

The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and examples.

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an automatic cow feeding monitoring device.

Fig. 2 is a front view of an automated dairy cow feeding device monitoring feeding station.

Fig. 3 is a left side view of an automated dairy cow feeding station monitoring ingestion device.

Fig. 4 is a block diagram of the working procedure of the lower computer weighing meter.

Fig. 5 is a software structure block diagram of the lower computer weighing meter.

Fig. 6 is a block diagram of a panel architecture of the upper computer software Labview.

Fig. 7 is a control program block diagram of the automatic cow feeding monitoring device.

Detailed Description

The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings:

the first embodiment is as follows: referring to fig. 1, this automatic control milk cow feeding device includes: feeding station I, next computer weighing instrument II and remote central management computer III, its characterized in that: the feeding station I is electrically connected with the lower computer weighing instrument II, and the remote central management computer III is connected with the lower computer weighing instrument II and the feeding station I through a communication network. The feeding station I is a controlled object and is composed of a mechanical mechanism, a control element and an information acquisition element. The lower computer weighing instruments II are control media, each lower computer weighing instrument II controls the work of two feeding stations I, digital quantity, switching value and analog quantity information in the feeding stations I are collected, and information interaction is carried out between the lower computer weighing instruments II and a remote central management computer III through a communication module. The remote central management computer III is a control center, has the capacity of storing identity coding information of cows, feeding trough information, feed formula information, feeding residual material information, a mathematical statistics database and real-time monitoring, and controls the work of the feeding station I through information transmission with the weighing instrument II of the lower computer.

Example two: referring to fig. 2 to 3, the present embodiment is substantially the same as the first embodiment, and the features are as follows: the feeding station I comprises: the device comprises a feeding trough 1, a cow neck frame 2, a gate track 3, a gate 4, a threading trough upright post 5, a photoelectric device 6, a radio frequency inductor 7, a reflector 8, a cylinder 9, a connecting upright post 10, an F-shaped connecting plate 11, a weighing sensor 12, a weighing base 13 and a mounting groove profile 14.

Installing a bull neck frame 2 fixedly connected with the feeding trough 1 according to the existing scattered fence or tethered structure, and welding a gate track 3 on the bull neck frame 2; two connecting upright columns 10 are arranged every two groups of the cattle neck frames 2, and a threading groove upright column 5 is arranged between the two groups of the cattle neck frames 2 and is fixed by welding; a fixed tail shaft pin type cylinder 9 is arranged on one side of the ox neck frame 2 by using a bolt and an elastic retainer ring, and the stroke reliability and the control stability of the cylinder 9 are used for connecting and pushing the gate 4; two groups of reflectors 8 are arranged on the side of the cylinder 9 close to the gate track 3 according to the width of the neck of the cow and are used for detecting the feeding state of the cow; one end of a piston rod of the cylinder 9 is connected with the bottom of the gate 4 through an F-shaped connecting plate 11 by using a bolt; the photoelectric device 6 is arranged on the other side, corresponding to the air cylinder 9, of the cow neck frame 2 through welding, the photoelectric device 6 is parallel and opposite to the reflecting mirror 8, so that no interference of correlation is guaranteed, and the position and feeding state of the cow after entering the trough can be accurately judged through upper and lower two sets of correlation photoelectric feedback signals; the radio frequency inductor 7 is fixed on the top of the cow neck frame 2 through bolts right above the gate 4, the radio frequency inductor is mounted on the top of the cow neck frame 2, which is beneficial to sensing information in the cow ear tag by radio frequency signals, and meanwhile, the radio frequency inductor 7 can be prevented from being touched and damaged by the cow in the whole feeding process by proper height; before each group of cow neck frames 2, two groups of weighing bases 13 are fixed on the ground according to the placement size of the feeding trough 1, weighing sensors 12 are placed on each group of weighing bases 13, and uniform stress is ensured through plane contact; adopt between trough 1 and the base 13 of weighing to be connected through mounting groove type spare 14, the structure of mounting groove type spare 14 both can fix and adopt trough 1 can overturn through manual shift position and adopt trough 1, is convenient for clear up the leftovers.

Example three: referring to fig. 4 to 5, the hardware of the lower computer weighing instrument ii includes: the system comprises an RS-232 communication module for receiving a radio frequency card reader, a Profibus-DP communication module, a power failure protection FRAM register module, a weighing signal A/D conversion module, a switching value input/output module, a control power supply module, a keyboard and a display module, wherein all functional modules are connected through a circuit; and (3) software workflow of a weighing instrument II: the method is characterized in that an UCOS multitask operating system is utilized to write internal codes of an LPC2378 chip, and normal calling of each module is realized, and the method comprises the following steps: the system comprises a radio frequency communication task, a weighing processing task, a bus communication task, an input and output logic control task and a display and keyboard processing task. The radio frequency communication task has the following functions: data interaction between the radio frequency reader-writer and the instrument is realized, and the control of the radio frequency reader-writer is completed; the weighing treatment has the following functions: after digital filtering processing of the weighing signal, converting the weighing signal into a 32-bit floating point number and storing the 32-bit floating point number in a memory address; the bus communication task has the following functions: the information acquisition of each feeding station is communicated with a remote central management computer III of an upper computer through a DP network protocol; the input and output logic control task has the following functions: retrieving internal signals and external signals of the lower computer weighing instrument II to realize control on switching value signals; the display and keyboard processing tasks have the following functions: setting parameters of a weighing instrument II of the lower computer and displaying various parameters; the design performance indexes are as follows: the simulation weighing platform supports at most 8 350Ohm simulation sensors, 150000 display graduation precision, 5V excitation, 0-20mV input signal range, and supports 2mV/V and 3mV/V sensors, 7-bit LED segment codes, one RS232 serial port, a multi-path input/output option board and a PROFIBUS-DP option board.

Example four: referring to fig. 6 to 7, the remote central management computer iii of the upper computer is written by labview software, and includes a front panel layout design and a back panel program programming; the front panel design is shown in fig. 6 and includes: logging in an interface, selecting a control mode, counting residual materials, monitoring the interface in real time, distributing forage for dairy cows, distributing forage for a trough, warehousing the information of the dairy cows and inquiring historical data; the function of the login interface is as follows: setting a login password and administrator setting; the control mode selection has the functions of: the manual control mode of the lower computer weighing instrument and the automatic control mode of the upper computer can be switched, the manual mode is convenient for operators to train cattle flocks in the early stage, the automatic mode is in a collection state, and the system is automatically controlled; the effect of the remainder charging statistics is: any forage group can be selected to generate a statistical table; the real-time monitoring interface has the following functions: the milk cow information, the ingestion state and the real-time weight of forage can be monitored; the three design interfaces of forage distribution of the dairy cows, forage distribution of the troughs and warehousing information of the dairy cows have the following functions: completing the input and matching of the cow information, the forage information and the forage tank information, and realizing a many-to-many matching mode between the cows and the forage groups; the effect of the historical data query is as follows: outputting various reports of the data in the ACCESS database through different instructions, including: comprehensive data retrieval, cow number retrieval, silo number retrieval and year, month and day consumption; back panel programming includes: a communication programming module, a real-time weight processing module, a main control logic module, an ACCESS database module and an auxiliary function module which are connected with an OPC Server are realized based on a DataSocket technology; the communication module has the functions of: decoding data between the lower computer weighing instrument II and the remote central management computer III, and analyzing instrument information into corresponding control instructions; the real-time weight processing module has the following functions: processing the collected 32-bit floating point number representing the weight in the single chip microcomputer into a 10-system number, thereby displaying the forage weight information of each feeding station in real time; the control logic of the main control logic module is shown in fig. 7, when a cow enters a feeding area and covers an upper photoelectric position, the weighing instrument II of the lower computer obtains a signal and sends the signal to the remote central management computer III of the upper computer, the remote central management computer III of the upper computer triggers the reading function of the radio frequency reader-writer, digital ear tag information is not obtained within a set time, the program resends a reading command until a card number is read, whether the card number information is consistent with the information of the cow, forage and a trough is judged, if the information is consistent, a gate is opened, test data is stored in an ACCESS database of the remote central management computer III of the upper computer, and the feeding condition of the cow is judged through the up-down photoelectric indication. And after the dairy cows leave the ingestion area, the eating is finished and the ingestion stopping data is stored. Each subsystem adopts a polling mode, and after one-time complete acquisition is finished, the system waits until the next signal is triggered; the ACCESS database module has the functions of: storing a reading and writing instruction of data after each feeding station triggers the main logic module; the auxiliary function module has the functions of: the instruction functions of keys, options, storage, deletion and the like of the front panel are perfected, so that the system can normally run.

Claims

1. The utility model provides an automatic change control milk cow device of searching for food, includes feeding station (I), next computer weighing instrument (II) and remote central management computer (III), its characterized in that: the feeding station (I) is electrically connected with a lower computer weighing instrument (II), and the remote central management computer (III) is connected with the lower computer weighing instrument (II) and the feeding station (I) through a communication network; the feeding station (I) is a controlled object and consists of a mechanical mechanism, a control element and an information acquisition element; the lower computer weighing instruments (II) are used as control media, each lower computer weighing instrument (II) controls the work of two feeding stations (I), collects digital quantity, switching value and analog quantity information in the feeding stations (I), and utilizes the communication module to perform information interaction with a remote central management computer (III); the remote central management computer (III) is a control center, has the capability of storing identity coding information of cows, feeding trough information, feed formula information, feeding residual material information, a mathematical statistics database and real-time monitoring, and controls the work of the feeding station (I) through information transmission with a lower computer weighing instrument (II); the feeding station (I) comprises: feeding trough (1), ox neck frame (2), gate track (3), gate (4), threading trough stand column (5), photoelectric sensor (6), penetrateA frequency inductor (7), a reflector (8), a tail shaft pin type cylinder (9), a connecting upright post (10), an F-shaped connecting plate (11), a weighing sensor (12), a weighing base (13) andmounting groove profile (14）；

Installing a cattle neck frame (2) fixedly connected with the feeding trough (1) according to the existing scattered fence or tethered structure, and welding a gate track (3) on the cattle neck frame (2); two connecting upright columns (10) are arranged every two groups of the cattle neck frames (2), and a threading groove upright column (5) is arranged between the two groups of the cattle neck frames (2) and is fixed by welding; a tail shaft pin type cylinder (9) is fixedly installed on one side of the ox neck frame (2) by using a bolt and an elastic retainer ring, and a pushing gate (4) is connected by using the stroke reliability and the control stability of the tail shaft pin type cylinder (9); two groups of reflectors (8) are arranged on the side, close to the gate track (3), of the tail shaft pin type cylinder (9) according to the width of the neck of the cow and are used for detecting the feeding state of the cow; one end of a piston rod of the tail shaft pin type cylinder (9) is connected with the bottom of the gate (4) through an F-shaped connecting plate (11) by using a bolt; a photoelectric sensor (6) is arranged on the other side, corresponding to the tail shaft pin type cylinder (9), of the cow neck frame (2) through welding, the photoelectric sensor (6) is parallel and opposite to the reflector (8), so that no interference of correlation is guaranteed, and the position and feeding state of a cow after entering a groove can be accurately judged through upper and lower two sets of correlation photoelectric feedback signals; the radio frequency sensor (7) is fixed on the top of the cow neck frame (2) through bolts right above the gate (4), the radio frequency sensor is mounted on the top of the cow neck frame (2) to facilitate radio frequency signal sensing of information in the cow ear tag, and meanwhile, the radio frequency sensor (7) can be prevented from being touched and damaged by the cow in the whole feeding process by proper height; before each group of cow neck frames (2), two groups of weighing bases (13) are fixed on the ground according to the placement size of the feeding trough (1), weighing sensors (12) are placed on each group of weighing bases (13), and uniform stress is guaranteed through plane contact; adopt between trough (1) and the base of weighing (13) to be connected through mounting groove type spare (14), the structure of mounting groove type spare (14) both can fix and adopt trough (1) can overturn through manual shift position and adopt trough (1), be convenient for clear up the leftover material.

2. The automated dairy cow feeding monitoring device of claim 1, wherein: the lower computer weighing instrument (II) is a medium between the feeding station (I) and the remote central management computer (III), and the control objects comprise radio frequency card reader RS-232 communication, switching value control of an air valve, signals of a photoelectric sensor, analog quantity signals of a weighing sensor and a communication protocol between the weighing sensor and the remote central management computer (III); designing a lower computer weighing instrument (II) according to the signals of the controlled object: LPC2378 based on ARM7 designs and develops each component interface for a core microprocessor, and a GF-12ZH type weighing sensor passes through a 24-bit high-precision A/D converter after being isolated by high-speed photoelectricity to realize the collection of weighing data; a photoelectric sensor in the feeding station (I) is acquired by a switching value input circuit; the output of the relay is controlled by a switching value output circuit; the radio frequency card reader is an RS-232 signal and realizes acquisition through an MAX3232 chip; the DB9 and the remote central management computer (III) realize data interaction through a DP communication chip SPC 3; FRAM stores the set parameters for the power failure protection register; the keyboard and the display carry out parameter setting on a lower computer weighing instrument (II); the automatic monitoring cow feeding device design performance index has: the device supports an analog weighing platform, at most 8 350Ohm analog sensors, 150000 display graduation precision, 5V excitation, 0-20mV input signal range, 2mV/V and 3mV/V sensors, 6-bit LED segment codes, one RS232 serial port, a multi-path input/output option board and a PROFIBUS-DP option board.

3. The automatic dairy cow feeding monitoring device according to claim 1, wherein the remote central management computer (iii) software is written by labview software, including front panel layout design and back panel program programming; the front panel design functions include: logging in an interface, selecting a control mode, counting residual materials, monitoring the interface in real time, distributing forage for dairy cows, distributing forage for a trough, warehousing the information of the dairy cows and inquiring historical data; back panel programming includes: the system comprises a communication module, a real-time weight processing module, a main control logic module, an ACCESS database module and an auxiliary function module which are realized with an OPC Server based on a DataSocket technology.