CN107145145A - A kind of autonomous unmanned boat of dual control - Google Patents

A kind of autonomous unmanned boat of dual control Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107145145A
CN107145145A CN201710266073.9A CN201710266073A CN107145145A CN 107145145 A CN107145145 A CN 107145145A CN 201710266073 A CN201710266073 A CN 201710266073A CN 107145145 A CN107145145 A CN 107145145A
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China
Prior art keywords
control
unmanned boat
remote control
electric
controlled plate
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Granted
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CN201710266073.9A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN107145145B (en
Inventor
向先波
刘辉
张琴
张嘉磊
甘帅奇
陈彦彬
吴思晨
毕铭杰
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Huazhong University of Science and Technology
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Huazhong University of Science and Technology
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Priority to CN201710266073.9A priority Critical patent/CN107145145B/en
Publication of CN107145145A publication Critical patent/CN107145145A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN107145145B publication Critical patent/CN107145145B/en
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G05CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05DSYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
    • G05D1/00Control of position, course, altitude or attitude of land, water, air or space vehicles, e.g. using automatic pilots
    • G05D1/0011Control of position, course, altitude or attitude of land, water, air or space vehicles, e.g. using automatic pilots associated with a remote control arrangement
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63HMARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H21/00Use of propulsion power plant or units on vessels
    • B63H21/12Use of propulsion power plant or units on vessels the vessels being motor-driven
    • B63H21/17Use of propulsion power plant or units on vessels the vessels being motor-driven by electric motor
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01CMEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
    • G01C21/00Navigation; Navigational instruments not provided for in groups G01C1/00 - G01C19/00
    • G01C21/005Navigation; Navigational instruments not provided for in groups G01C1/00 - G01C19/00 with correlation of navigation data from several sources, e.g. map or contour matching
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01CMEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
    • G01C21/00Navigation; Navigational instruments not provided for in groups G01C1/00 - G01C19/00
    • G01C21/10Navigation; Navigational instruments not provided for in groups G01C1/00 - G01C19/00 by using measurements of speed or acceleration
    • G01C21/12Navigation; Navigational instruments not provided for in groups G01C1/00 - G01C19/00 by using measurements of speed or acceleration executed aboard the object being navigated; Dead reckoning
    • G01C21/16Navigation; Navigational instruments not provided for in groups G01C1/00 - G01C19/00 by using measurements of speed or acceleration executed aboard the object being navigated; Dead reckoning by integrating acceleration or speed, i.e. inertial navigation
    • G01C21/165Navigation; Navigational instruments not provided for in groups G01C1/00 - G01C19/00 by using measurements of speed or acceleration executed aboard the object being navigated; Dead reckoning by integrating acceleration or speed, i.e. inertial navigation combined with non-inertial navigation instruments
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01SRADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S19/00Satellite radio beacon positioning systems; Determining position, velocity or attitude using signals transmitted by such systems
    • G01S19/38Determining a navigation solution using signals transmitted by a satellite radio beacon positioning system
    • G01S19/39Determining a navigation solution using signals transmitted by a satellite radio beacon positioning system the satellite radio beacon positioning system transmitting time-stamped messages, e.g. GPS [Global Positioning System], GLONASS [Global Orbiting Navigation Satellite System] or GALILEO
    • G01S19/42Determining position
    • G01S19/45Determining position by combining measurements of signals from the satellite radio beacon positioning system with a supplementary measurement
    • G01S19/47Determining position by combining measurements of signals from the satellite radio beacon positioning system with a supplementary measurement the supplementary measurement being an inertial measurement, e.g. tightly coupled inertial
    • GPHYSICS
    • G05CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05BCONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B19/00Programme-control systems
    • G05B19/02Programme-control systems electric
    • G05B19/04Programme control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers
    • G05B19/042Programme control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers using digital processors
    • G05B19/0421Multiprocessor system
    • GPHYSICS
    • G05CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05DSYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
    • G05D1/00Control of position, course, altitude or attitude of land, water, air or space vehicles, e.g. using automatic pilots
    • G05D1/0055Control of position, course, altitude or attitude of land, water, air or space vehicles, e.g. using automatic pilots with safety arrangements
    • G05D1/0077Control of position, course, altitude or attitude of land, water, air or space vehicles, e.g. using automatic pilots with safety arrangements using redundant signals or controls
    • GPHYSICS
    • G05CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05DSYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
    • G05D1/00Control of position, course, altitude or attitude of land, water, air or space vehicles, e.g. using automatic pilots
    • G05D1/02Control of position or course in two dimensions
    • G05D1/0206Control of position or course in two dimensions specially adapted to water vehicles
    • GPHYSICS
    • G05CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05BCONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B2219/00Program-control systems
    • G05B2219/20Pc systems
    • G05B2219/22Pc multi processor system
    • G05B2219/2214Multicontrollers, multimicrocomputers, multiprocessing
    • GPHYSICS
    • G05CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05BCONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B2219/00Program-control systems
    • G05B2219/20Pc systems
    • G05B2219/25Pc structure of the system
    • G05B2219/25257Microcontroller
    • GPHYSICS
    • G05CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05BCONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B2219/00Program-control systems
    • G05B2219/20Pc systems
    • G05B2219/26Pc applications
    • G05B2219/2637Vehicle, car, auto, wheelchair

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Control Of Position, Course, Altitude, Or Attitude Of Moving Bodies (AREA)
  • Toys (AREA)

Abstract

The invention belongs to unmanned boat field, and disclose a kind of autonomous unmanned boat of dual control, including hull and the rectifier, electric-controlled plate, the first screw propulsion mechanism, the second screw propulsion mechanism, remote control receiver, the second screw propulsion mechanism, microcontroller, GPS, inertial navigation system, wireless digital broadcasting station, solid-state relay and the GPS sensor that are commonly mounted on the hull;Solid-state relay is used to control electric-controlled plate to connect with remote control receiver or controls electric-controlled plate to be connected with microcontroller, so as to realize the navigation of remote control control unmanned boat and the dual control navigation of PC control unmanned boat.The present invention can pass through host computer and micro-controller communications, and the motion of screw propulsion mechanism is controlled by microcontroller, autonomous navigation is realized, and the motion of screw propulsion mechanism can also be controlled by remote control, with the control of boat-carrying autonomous navigation and two kinds of control models of remote control device.

Description

A kind of autonomous unmanned boat of dual control
Technical field
The invention belongs to unmanned boat field, more particularly, to a kind of autonomous unmanned boat.
Background technology
Water surface unmanned boat is that one kind has autonomous navigation ability in open waters, can be by carrying different function lists Member completes the navigation unit by water of corresponding task.Increase and the maturation of automatic technology with mankind's seafari activity, from Main unmanned boat is gradually devoted in market, and the auxiliary mankind carry out ocean engineering operation.Due to a large amount of manpower and materials can be saved, Unmanned boat is shown up prominently in terms of marine environmental monitoring, hydrographic survey, coastline patrol.
The autonomous unmanned boat technology of recent year is quickly grown, and major colleges and universities and research institute have been achieved with necessarily studying into Really.In Beijing Olympic Games Olympic Sailing competition in Qingdao, the China first developed by Shenyang Xin Guang companies of China Aerospace Science and Industry Corporation Unmanned maritime meteorological detecting ship " astronomical phenomena one " successfully provides Meteorological safeguard and service for grand sports meet.The development that astronomical phenomena one It is related to the multinomial cutting edge technologies such as automatic Pilot, autonomous collision prevention, satellite communication, image transmitting, its endurance was up to 20 days left sides The right side, and meteorological detection work can be carried out under high sea situation.But at present domestic unmanned surveying vessel mainly using remote control control as Main, common remotely pilotless ship has very strong dependence, and easily by external interference, precision and stability is not high.
The content of the invention
For the disadvantages described above or Improvement requirement of prior art, the invention provides a kind of autonomous unmanned boat of dual control, nobody Ship can be navigated by water under ipc monitor, with two kinds of mode of operations of autonomous navigation and remote control control, and allow monitoring flat Platform remotely switches two kinds of mode of operations.
To achieve the above object, it is proposed, according to the invention, there is provided a kind of autonomous unmanned boat of dual control, including hull and common installation Rectifier, electric-controlled plate, the first screw propulsion mechanism, the second screw propulsion mechanism and remote control receiver on the hull, The rectifier connects the electric-controlled plate, the first screw propulsion mechanism and the second screw propulsion mechanism, the electric-controlled plate point respectively The first screw propulsion mechanism and the second screw propulsion mechanism are not connected, it is characterised in that
Also include microcontroller, GPS, inertial navigation system, the wireless data sending being commonly mounted on the hull Radio station, solid-state relay and GPS sensor, the microcontroller connect the GPS, inertial navigation system, nothing respectively Line data radio station and solid-state relay, the GPS connect the GPS sensor, and the solid-state relay is connected respectively Remote control antenna, the wireless digital broadcasting station are connected with the electric-controlled plate and remote control receiver, the remote control receiver On be connected with radio antenna;
Host computer and wireless module are set on the coast, and the wireless module passes through wireless network and the wireless data sending Station telecommunication, so that the host computer carries out information exchange with the microcontroller;
The solid-state relay is used to make electric-controlled plate connect with remote control receiver or make electric-controlled plate connect with microcontroller, So that unmanned boat is by remote control control or by PC control.
Preferably, during original state, the solid-state relay connects electric-controlled plate and remote control receiver.
Preferably, the switching of the switch of the upper function control solid-state relay.
Preferably, the first screw propulsion mechanism includes the first driver, the first motor and the first propeller, described whole Stream device and electric-controlled plate connect first driver, first driver and first motor connection, described first respectively First propeller is installed in the rotating shaft of motor.
Preferably, the second screw propulsion mechanism includes the second driver, the second motor and the second propeller, described whole Stream device and electric-controlled plate connect second driver, second driver and second motor connection, described second respectively Second propeller is installed in the rotating shaft of motor.
In general, by the contemplated above technical scheme of the present invention compared with prior art, it can obtain down and show Beneficial effect:
The present invention can be by host computer and micro-controller communications, and controls by microcontroller the fortune of screw propulsion mechanism It is dynamic, autonomous navigation is realized, and the motion of screw propulsion mechanism can also be controlled by remote control, and therefore, the unmanned gear There are the control of boat-carrying autonomous navigation and two kinds of control models of remote control device, and can realize that unmanned boat controls mould in host computer platform The switching of formula, it is ensured that the autonomous unmanned boat of dual control can pass through remote control device mode in self-control system failure or dead electricity Return, improve the reliability of unmanned boat autonomous navigation.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structured flowchart of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram that control section of the present invention carries out information exchange.
Embodiment
In order to make the purpose , technical scheme and advantage of the present invention be clearer, it is right below in conjunction with drawings and Examples The present invention is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention, and It is not used in the restriction present invention.As long as in addition, technical characteristic involved in each embodiment of invention described below Not constituting conflict each other can just be mutually combined.
Reference picture 1, Fig. 2, a kind of autonomous unmanned boat of dual control, including hull 1 and the rectification being commonly mounted on the hull 1 Device 5, electric-controlled plate 2, the first screw propulsion mechanism 3, the second screw propulsion mechanism 6 and remote control receiver 4,5 points of the rectifier The electric-controlled plate 2, the first screw propulsion mechanism 3 and the second screw propulsion mechanism 6 are not connected, and the electric-controlled plate 2 connects institute respectively The first screw propulsion mechanism 3 and the second screw propulsion mechanism 6 are stated, in addition, the autonomous unmanned boat of this dual control also includes being commonly mounted on Microcontroller 7, GPS 8, inertial navigation system 9, wireless digital broadcasting station 10, the and of solid-state relay 11 on the hull 1 GPS sensor 12, the microcontroller 7 connects the GPS 8, inertial navigation system 9, wireless digital broadcasting station 10 respectively With solid-state relay 11, the GPS 8 connects the GPS sensor 12, and the solid-state relay 11 connects described respectively Remote control antenna 20, the wireless digital broadcasting station are connected with electric-controlled plate 2 and remote control receiver 4, the remote control receiver 4 Radio antenna 21 is connected with 10;Electric-controlled plate 2 and rectifier 5 are powered by lithium battery 13, and GPS 8 passes through 12V batteries 14 power supplies, microcontroller 7 is powered by 5V batteries 15.
Host computer and wireless module are set on the coast, and the wireless module passes through wireless network and the wireless data sending Radio station 10 communicates, so that the host computer carries out information exchange with the microcontroller 7;
The solid-state relay 11 is used to make electric-controlled plate 2 connect with remote control receiver 4 or make electric-controlled plate 2 and microcontroller 7 connect, so that unmanned boat can thus pass through the first screw propulsion mechanism 3 by remote control control or by PC control The speed and course angle of hull 1 are adjusted with the second screw propulsion mechanism 4.
Further, during original state, the solid-state relay 11 connects electric-controlled plate 2 and remote control receiver 4.
Further, the switching of the switch of the upper function control solid-state relay 11.
Further, the first screw propulsion mechanism 3 includes the first driver 16, the first motor 17 and the first propeller, The rectifier 5 and electric-controlled plate 2 connect first driver 16, first driver 16 and first motor 17 respectively First propeller is installed in connection, the rotating shaft of first motor 17.
Further, the second screw propulsion mechanism 6 includes the second driver 18, the second motor 19 and the second propeller, The rectifier 5 and electric-controlled plate 2 connect second driver 18, second driver 18 and second motor 19 respectively Second propeller is installed in connection, the rotating shaft of second motor 19.
The present invention is added with lower module on the basis of original common remotely pilotless ship:Microcontroller 7, GPS sensor 12nd, GPS 8, inertial navigation system 9, wireless digital broadcasting station 10, boosting battery etc., constitute boat-carrying self-control system, Boat-carrying self-control system includes autonomous navigation control algolithm, it is possible to achieve autonomous navigation is controlled.Microcontroller 7 is received and located The data message of each on-board sensor is managed, and the movement state information of the sensor information and unmanned boat itself after processing is whole A data frame is combined into, ipc monitor platform record is transmitted by wireless digital broadcasting station 10 and analyzed.According to remote control The corresponding relation of the control signal form that device receiver 4 is sent and unmanned boat speed of a ship or plane size, design driven program makes single-chip microcomputer can With the control signal of analog telecommand device receiver 4, the similar pwm signal control speed of a ship or plane is produced, boat-carrying self-control system is realized Set up and be connected with propulsion system.Unmanned boat control signal switching circuit is devised, unmanned boat is realized by control relay switch The selection of control signal --- monolithic machine control signal or remote control control signal.Signal switching can be remote by ipc monitor platform Process control, the autonomous unmanned boat of dual control can be returned in self-control system failure or dead electricity by remote control device mode.
Further, the microcontroller 7 of unmanned boat uses STM32F103RCT6, and GPS positioning device is to measure day by GPS600 Line and TimeNav time service navigation receivers composition, horizontal positioning accuracy is 2m, and rate accuracy 0.03m/s, maximum data updates frequency Rate is 20Hz;Inertial navigation system 9 uses MTi-300AHRS, and for obtaining the course angle of unmanned boat, course angle measurement accuracy is ±1°;The use WDS2510/MDS EL7052 type half-duplex data transmission radio stations of wireless digital broadcasting station 10, power output 25W, most Remote communication distance is more than 10km;Relay uses SRD-05VDC-SL-C two-ways solid-state relay 11.
This unmanned boat communication distance brings up to 10km by the 1km of common unmanned boat, and microcontroller 7 can be embedded in autonomous navigation Control algolithm, realizes autonomous navigation.Meanwhile, there is the unmanned boat remote control device and boat-carrying autonomous navigation to control two kinds of control moulds Formula, and the switching of unmanned boat control model can be realized in the host computer platform of independent development, it is ensured that the autonomous unmanned boat of dual control It can be returned in self-control system failure or dead electricity by remote control device mode, improve the reliable of unmanned boat autonomous navigation Property.Meanwhile, component used is easily chosen in this method, and can select low- medium- high level according to demand, with very big flexibility, It is adapted to use in marketing.
As it will be easily appreciated by one skilled in the art that the foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, it is not used to The limitation present invention, any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the invention etc., it all should include Within protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. a kind of autonomous unmanned boat of dual control, including hull and the rectifier, electric-controlled plate, the first spiral shell that are commonly mounted on the hull Propulsive mechanism, the second screw propulsion mechanism and remote control receiver are revolved, the rectifier connects the electric-controlled plate, the first spiral shell respectively Propulsive mechanism and the second screw propulsion mechanism are revolved, the electric-controlled plate connects the first screw propulsion mechanism and the second spiral respectively Propulsive mechanism, it is characterised in that
Also include being commonly mounted on microcontroller on the hull, GPS, inertial navigation system, wireless digital broadcasting station, Solid-state relay and GPS sensor, the microcontroller connect the GPS, inertial navigation system, wireless data sending respectively Radio station and solid-state relay, the GPS connect the GPS sensor, and the solid-state relay connects the electricity respectively Control to be connected with plate and remote control receiver, the remote control receiver on remote control antenna, the wireless digital broadcasting station and connect There is radio antenna;
Host computer and wireless module are set on the coast, and the wireless module passes through wireless network and the wireless digital broadcasting station Communication, so that the host computer carries out information exchange with the microcontroller;
The solid-state relay is used to make electric-controlled plate connect with remote control receiver or make electric-controlled plate connect with microcontroller, so that Make unmanned boat by remote control control or by PC control.
2. the autonomous unmanned boat of a kind of dual control according to claim 1, it is characterised in that during original state, the solid-state after Electrical equipment connects electric-controlled plate and remote control receiver.
3. the autonomous unmanned boat of a kind of dual control according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the upper function control solid-state after The switching of the switch of electrical equipment.
4. a kind of autonomous unmanned boat of dual control according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the first screw propulsion mechanism bag The first driver, the first motor and the first propeller are included, the rectifier and electric-controlled plate connect first driver, institute respectively State and first propeller is installed in the first driver and first motor connection, the rotating shaft of first motor.
5. a kind of autonomous unmanned boat of dual control according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the second screw propulsion mechanism bag The second driver, the second motor and the second propeller are included, the rectifier and electric-controlled plate connect second driver, institute respectively State and second propeller is installed in the second driver and second motor connection, the rotating shaft of second motor.
CN201710266073.9A 2017-04-21 2017-04-21 A kind of autonomous unmanned boat of dual control Active CN107145145B (en)

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CN109163709A (en) * 2018-08-29 2019-01-08 上海华测导航技术股份有限公司 A kind of measurement method of unmanned boat integration underwater topography
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CN112947040A (en) * 2021-01-29 2021-06-11 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院 Unmanned naval vessel bimodulus control system of physics isolation

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108803630A (en) * 2018-08-29 2018-11-13 上海华测导航技术股份有限公司 A kind of unmanned boat system and topographic method is carried out based on the unmanned boat system
CN109163709A (en) * 2018-08-29 2019-01-08 上海华测导航技术股份有限公司 A kind of measurement method of unmanned boat integration underwater topography
CN109144075A (en) * 2018-10-29 2019-01-04 长沙理工大学 A kind of control system and control method of unmanned boat
CN109709950A (en) * 2018-11-20 2019-05-03 广州南方卫星导航仪器有限公司 A kind of unmanned surveying vessel remote control system and method
CN112947040A (en) * 2021-01-29 2021-06-11 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院 Unmanned naval vessel bimodulus control system of physics isolation
CN112947040B (en) * 2021-01-29 2022-04-19 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院 Unmanned naval vessel bimodulus control system of physics isolation

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