CN107143856B - A kind of electron wastes pyrolysis oven - Google Patents
A kind of electron wastes pyrolysis oven Download PDFInfo
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- CN107143856B CN107143856B CN201710192797.3A CN201710192797A CN107143856B CN 107143856 B CN107143856 B CN 107143856B CN 201710192797 A CN201710192797 A CN 201710192797A CN 107143856 B CN107143856 B CN 107143856B
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- pyrolysis
- furnace body
- electron wastes
- tugboat
- burner
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/02—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment
- F23G5/027—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment pyrolising or gasifying stage
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/44—Details; Accessories
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of electron wastes pyrolysis ovens comprising pyrolysis furnace body, combustion system, conveyer system and electric control system；The pyrolysis furnace body be it is horizontal, the burner of the pyrolysis furnace body is equipped with feed inlet, and furnace tail is equipped with discharge port, and burner to region between furnace tail is divided into preheating section, pyrolysis section, soaking zone and cooling section；The pyrolysis oven bottom of furnace body is equipped with closing pyrolysis furnace body and heats supporting plate；The conveyer system includes endless-belt and tugboat group, and the both ends of the endless-belt are erected in tugboat group, and ascender is erected on heating supporting plate；The pyrolysis section of pyrolysis furnace body and the underface of soaking zone is arranged in the combustion system；The electron wastes pyrolysis oven has low-carbon high-efficiency, good seal performance, can automatically continuously handle, especially suitable for electron wastes processing.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of pyrolysis oven, in particular to a kind of electron wastes pyrolysis oven belongs to electron wastes resource
Recycle and reuse field.
Background technique
The epoch of positive value electronics and information industry rapid development at present, more and more electron wastes to be processed are industry urgency
Problem to be solved.Useless solid different from ordinary hazard, electron wastes have both resource and risk double grading, therefore, electricity
The recycling safe handling of sub- waste is the hot spot of industry concern.Currently, available " the number of the disposal status of China's electron wastes
Measure that huge, value is high, backward in technique, seriously polluted " to summarize, various processing technique levels ginsengs time are uneven, wherein be pyrolyzed skill
Art receives the extensive concern and favorable comment of industry.
The key equipment of electron wastes pyrolysis processing is pyrolysis oven, is gone back at present specifically for the pyrolysis oven of electron wastes
It is rarely reported.Electron wastes pyrolysis oven is different from other general industry stoves, mainly generates in electron wastes pyrolytic process
Pyrolysis oil, gas product and solid slag etc., are related to the control of atmosphere in the resource utilizations such as pyrolysis oil, gas and furnace, and relate to
And pyrolysis oil, the purified treatment and resource utilization of gas product, it is difficult to realize using traditional pyrolysis oven, especially traditional heat
Solution furnace cannot achieve the continuous operation of pyrolytic process, therefore, develop a kind of low-carbon high-efficiency, good seal performance and automatic continuous operation
Pyrolysis oven be a problem to be solved.
It is flammable that Chinese patent (publication number CN105509062A, 2016.01.20) discloses a kind of multi-functional danger of full size
Solid waste continuous pyrolysis incineration disposal, structure include feeder, pulley by feed hopper, pyrolysis gasification furnace, pyrolysis gas cigarette
Road, combustion furnace, G-L air heat exchanger, chilled absorbing tower, by-pass flue, chimney outlet, ladder, active carbon storage tank, chimney；
It has the risk of certain calorific value flammable using pyrolytic incineration technical treatment danger electronic apparatus class, medical class and organic etc.
Solid waste combines pyrolysis and high temperature incineration technical optimization, cryogenic gas and high-temperature fusion is combined, by waste
Burning be divided into pyrolysis-three step of premix-burning and carry out, realize pyrolytic incineration, energy regenerating and gas cleaning composite technology process
And process conditions, forward-looking, the innoxious protrusion of integrated artistic, volume reduction and recycling are significant, and material applicability is extensive, mistake
It is not related to hazardous reaction medium and poisonous and harmful solvent in journey.Encapsulation process is not implemented in pyrolysis oven in the program, in aerobic environment
Organic component in middle electron wastes has the generation of dioxin pollution object, the chilling dioxin decomposing scheme in scheme, behaviour
It is big to make difficulty, precision is low；In addition, the pyrolysis oven in the program is without material conveying device, poor continuity, the pyrolysis period is long, stove
Working efficiency is low.
Summary of the invention
In view of the defects existing in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is be intended to provide a kind of low-carbon high-efficiency, good seal performance,
The pyrolysis oven of electron wastes can automatically continuously be handled.
In order to achieve the above technical purposes, the present invention provides a kind of electron wastes pyrolysis oven, which includes heat
Solve furnace body, combustion system, conveyer system and electric control system；The pyrolysis furnace body is horizontal, the pyrolysis furnace body
Burner be equipped with feed inlet, furnace tail is equipped with discharge port, and burner to region between furnace tail is divided into preheating section, pyrolysis section, heat preservation
Section and cooling section；The pyrolysis oven bottom of furnace body is equipped with closing pyrolysis furnace body and heats supporting plate；The conveyer system includes annular
Belt and tugboat group, the both ends of the endless-belt are erected in tugboat group, and ascender is erected on heating supporting plate；The combustion
The pyrolysis section of pyrolysis furnace body and the underface of soaking zone is arranged in burning system.
Electron wastes pyrolysis oven of the invention is specially designed mainly for electron wastes.Heat based on electron wastes
Solution product mainly includes pyrolysis oil/gas, cracking carbon, metal and glass fibre etc., it is contemplated that pyrolysis oil, the recycling of gas product are returned
Receive and furnace in atmosphere control, need to guarantee the good leakproofness of pyrolysis oven, at the same in view of pyrolysis oil, gas product purification at
Reason and resource utilization need to avoid combustion tail gas introducing from having an adverse effect；And existing pyrolysis oven is really realized continuously
Change operation, equipment capacity is low and complicated for operation, and to the pyrolysis low efficiency of electron wastes.The present invention is by using horizontal chamber furnace (oven) knot
Close belt drive unit, realize the continuous pyrolysis of electron wastes, raising can production capacity, simplify technique；By in feed inlet
The double-deck gate valve is set with discharge port, while using heating supporting plate closing pyrolysis furnace body, realization is pyrolyzed in closed system, has
Conducive to the recycling for stablizing furnace atmosphere and pyrolysis oil gas；By the way that different warm areas is arranged along material transmission direction, material is realized
Preheating, cracking and cooling procedure be carried out continuously, realize high-efficiency thermal decomposition；By the way that combustion chamber is separated with pyrolysis furnace body,
It can effectively prevent influence of the combustion tail gas to pyrolysis oil, gas.
Preferred scheme, the feed inlet are equipped with the double-deck material-feeding plugboard valve.
Preferred scheme, the discharge port are equipped with the double-deck discharging gate valve.
Electron wastes pyrolysis oven of the invention is provided with the double-deck gate valve, the double-deck feed inlet in inlet port and outlet port
By electric control system by programming Control, the double-deck discharge port gate valve is automatically controlled gate valve by operated pneumatic valve, feed inlet and
Good seal performance in pyrolysis furnace body can be effectively ensured in the double-deck gate valve of discharge port, be conducive to maintain the atmosphere in furnace, together
When be also beneficial to the recycling of pyrolysis oil, gas.
The region top of preferred scheme, the preheating section is equipped with pyrolysis gas outlet, and it is net that pyrolysis gas outlet connects pyrolysis gas
Change system.Pyrolysis gas outlet is arranged in the top in preheating section region, make full use of pyrolysis oil, gas waste heat will from feeding inlet into
The raw material entered in pyrolysis oven is preheated, and the energy consumption in subsequent cracking process, while pyrolysis oil, the temperature of gas can be substantially reduced
It is reduced, is conducive to subsequent pyrolysis oil, the separation and recovery of gas.
Preferred scheme, the tugboat group include active tugboat and driven tugboat；The active tugboat is arranged in furnace tail position
It sets, driven tugboat is arranged in burner position.Active tugboat drives endless-belt operation, driven tugboat collaboration fortune by motor drive
Turn.It is back to back by setting tugboat group and endless-belt, the material realized into pyrolysis oven.And the operating rate of belt can
By motor control, to be conducive to control the carry out degree of pyrolytic reaction.
Preferred scheme, feed inlet are preferably provided distribution device, are more equally distributed in material on belt.
More preferably scheme, the driven tugboat are mounted on the tensioning trolley of burner.Tensioning trolley can use counterweight
Tension mode, the setting for being tensioned trolley can guarantee endless belt conveyer by constant tension, so that belt is unlikely to expanded by heating
And relax, so that endless-belt is constantly in tensioned state, advantageously ensures that the normal operation of conveyer belt.
Preferred scheme, the entire supporting plate that heats play the role of sealed pyrolysis furnace body.Heating support at the top of combustion system
For conducting heat and supporting endless-belt, one side has heat transmission function, can assemble the heat of the release of combustion chamber plate, uniformly dissipates
Cloth is uniformly heated material to the material on endless-belt, on the other hand also acts as the effect of support endless-belt, prevents
Belt material gravity effect under deform, while heat supporting plate can play combustion system and pyrolysis oven pyrolysis section and soaking zone it
Between partition effect, pyrolysis furnace body is separated with combustion chamber, influence of the combustion product gases to oil/gas is pyrolyzed is prevented.The heating
Supporting plate is silicon carbide material, and combustion system is conducted to endless-belt to electronics by heating supporting plate to heating supporting plate heating, heat
Waste is evenly heated.
More preferably scheme, the combustion system include two independent combustion chamber I and combustion chamber II, are separately positioned on heat
Solve the pyrolysis section of furnace body and the underface of soaking zone.Combustion chamber I mainly gives pyrolysis section heat supply, and material is made to carry out pyrolytic reaction,
Combustion chamber II mainly gives soaking zone heat supply, to carry out heat preservation concurrent heating to material.
Several groups burner is each provided with inside preferred scheme, the combustion chamber I and the combustion chamber II.The burning
Device is energy-saving radiant tube burner.Burner in combustion chamber I and combustion chamber II is independently controlled by electrical system.Burning
Room I and combustion chamber II is each provided with combustion product gases outlet, and combustion product gases outlet passes through pipeline by combustion chamber I and combustion chamber II respectively
It extends at the top of pyrolysis oven.Combustion product gases outlet setting air heat exchanger, is exchanged heat by inputting cold air, is obtained after heat exchange
Hot-air introduce combustion chamber as combustion-supporting gas.
Preferred scheme, the outer wall of the cooling section are provided with several groups cooling jacket, are mainly used for dropping material
Temperature is cooling.
Preferred scheme, the double-deck material-feeding plugboard valve, the double-deck discharging gate valve, active tugboat and burner are by electrical control system
System.Electrical system is automatically controlled using PLC programming.
Preferred scheme, feed inlet are equipped with feeding platform, are conducive to continuous charging.
Preferred scheme, the endless-belt use SUS310S material, heat resistance and good heat conductivity, are conducive to object
Expect thermally equivalent, reduces energy loss.
Compared with the prior art, technical solution of the present invention bring good effect:
1) electron wastes pyrolysis oven of the invention is disposed with preheating section, pyrolysis section, heat preservation along material transmission direction
Section and cooling section, are reasonably distributed in-furnace temperature, are conducive to the abundant pyrolytic process of electron wastes, have low-carbon high-efficiency；
2) electron wastes pyrolysis oven feed inlet and outlet of the invention is provided with the double-deck gate valve, while utilizing heating supporting plate pair
Pyrolysis oven sealed bottom ensure that atmosphere in the good sealing performance of stove and furnace, be conducive to the recycling and synthesis of pyrolysis oil, gas
Change and utilizes；
3) electron wastes pyrolysis oven of the invention is by using horizontal chamber furnace (oven), while being equipped with endless-belt and tugboat component,
The automatic continuous disengaging of material is realized, device capbility is improved, simplifies processing step；
4) electron wastes pyrolysis oven of the invention realizes combustion chamber and pyrolysis furnace body partition, can effectively prevent burning
Influence of the tail gas to pyrolysis oil/gas；
5) electron wastes pyrolysis oven of the invention can waste heat to the combustion tail gas of combustion chamber recycled by heat exchange,
The waste heat of cooling section condensing hot air furnace recycles, and the waste heat of pyrolysis oil/gas is used for preheating material, realizes the circulation benefit of energy
With；
6) electron wastes pyrolysis oven of the invention is equipped with tugboat group and tensioning trolley, can guarantee by setting tensioning trolley
Endless belt conveyer is by constant tension, so that belt is unlikely to expanded by heating and relaxes, is constantly in endless-belt and tightens
State advantageously ensures that the normal operation of conveyer belt；
7) electron wastes pyrolysis oven of the invention not only ensure that efficient, uniformly transfer heat by setting heating supporting plate, make
Material high-efficiency pyrolysis also acts as support endless-belt and seals the effect of furnace body, prevents belt from deforming under material gravity effect,
Partition between combustion system and the pyrolysis section and soaking zone of pyrolysis oven can be played the role of by heating supporting plate simultaneously, increase pyrolysis oven
Airtightness.
8) electron wastes pyrolysis oven of the invention realizes full-automatic operation, is conducive to work by electric control system
Industry metaplasia produces.
Detailed description of the invention
[Fig. 1] is pyrolysis of waste furnace of the invention.
Wherein, 1 is tensioning trolley, and 2 be driven tugboat, and 3 is feed the double-deck gate valve, and 4 be feed inlet, and 5 be endless-belt,
6 be pyrolysis gas outlet, and 7 be preheating section, and 8 export for combustion product gases, and 9 be burner, and 10 be pyrolysis section, and 11 be combustion chamber I, and 12 are
It is pyrolyzed furnace body, 13 be heating supporting plate, and 14 be soaking zone, and 15 be combustion chamber II, and 16 be electric control system, and 17 be cooling section,
18 be cooling jacket, and 19 be motor, and 20 be active tugboat, and 21 be discharge port, and 22 be the double-deck discharging gate valve；23 fill for cloth
It sets.
Specific embodiment
Following embodiment is intended to further illustrate the content of present invention in conjunction with attached drawing, rather than limits the claims in the present invention
Protection scope.
Embodiment 1
Electron wastes pyrolysis furnace main body includes pyrolysis oven to electron wastes pyrolysis furnace structure of the invention as shown in Figure 1:
Furnace body 12, combustion system, conveyer system and electric control system 16.The pyrolysis furnace body is horizontal, the pyrolysis furnace body
Burner be equipped with feed inlet 4, furnace tail is equipped with discharge port 21, and burner to region between furnace tail is divided into preheating section 7, pyrolysis section
10, soaking zone 14 and cooling section 17.The feed inlet of burner is equipped with the double-deck material-feeding plugboard valve 3 and feeding platform, feed inlet are additionally provided with
Distribution device 23 (such as porous plate).The preheating section region for being pyrolyzed furnace body is equipped with pyrolysis gas outlet 6 at the top of furnace body.Pyrolysis section and
It is respectively equipped with combustion chamber I 11 and combustion chamber II 15 immediately below soaking zone, is respectively equipped with several groups in combustion chamber I and combustion chamber II
Burner 9, burner are energy-saving radiant tube burner.The cooling section region for being pyrolyzed furnace body is cold equipped with multiple groups outside furnace body
But water jacket 18.The discharge port of furnace tail is equipped with the double-deck discharging gate valve 22.The pyrolysis oven bottom of furnace body is equipped with closing pyrolysis oven furnace
Body heats supporting plate 13.The conveyer system includes endless-belt 5 and tugboat group, and the tugboat group includes active tugboat 20 and driven
Tugboat 2；In furnace tail position, driven tugboat is arranged in burner position for the active tugboat setting.The endless-belt is erected at master
On dynamic tugboat and driven tugboat；The driven tugboat is mounted on the tensioning trolley of burner, and nervous trolley is tensed by weight, main
Dynamic tugboat is driven by motor 19, and motor is run and adjusted the speed by electrical system control.The pyrolysis oven bottom of furnace body in burner and
Furnace tail both ends are respectively equipped with the slit only passed through for endless-belt, and endless-belt passes through slit and passes in and out pyrolysis oven, endless-belt
Ascender is erected on heating supporting plate, and combustion chamber I and combustion chamber II are separately positioned on the heating below pyrolysis section and soaking zone
Supporting plate bottom, the heat that the burner in combustion chamber I and combustion chamber II generates is absorbed by heating supporting plate, then is uniformly sent to annular
Belt makes the material thermally equivalent on endless-belt.Burner in combustion chamber I and combustion chamber II is by electric control system independence
Control opening and closing and quantity combusted；Combustion product gases are exported by 8 combustion product gases and are discharged after heat exchanger carries out pre- recuperation of heat, heat exchanger
Gained hot wind is combustion-supporting to 9 burners as combustion air.The double-deck material-feeding plugboard valve, the double-deck discharging gate valve, active tugboat and burning
Device is by electric control system independent control.
Using the process of electron wastes pyrolysis oven processing electron wastes: electron wastes material is fed by feed inlet
The double-deck material-feeding plugboard valve of platform, feed inlet automatically controls open and close by electric control system, keeps electron wastes material continuous
Into in pyrolysis oven, electron wastes material is dispersed on endless-belt after material uniform device is uniformly distributed, and endless-belt exists
Under the driving of tugboat group, electron wastes material is delivered to the preheating zone in pyrolysis furnace body, electron wastes material and pyrolysis
The pyrolysis oil/gas contact that section generates carries out heat exchange, so that material is preheated to certain temperature, electron wastes material is delivered to heat again
Section is solved, cracking reaction is carried out in pyrolysis section, generates high temperature pyrolysis oil/gas, high temperature pyrolysis oil/gas enters preheating section and newly enters
After cooling down after the progress heat exchange of electron wastes material, pyrolysis oven is discharged from pyrolysis gas outlet, into pyrolysis gas recovery system；Electricity
Sub- waste material continues on to heat preservation zone, and uncracked complete electron wastes material has further been cracked in heat preservation zone
Entirely, the slag charge conveying cooling zone of formation finally enters discharge port by the waste heat of condensing hot air furnace high-temperature material, is gone out by bilayer
Expect that gate valve automatically controls discharging, discharging can be used for recycling metal.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of electron wastes pyrolysis oven, it is characterised in that:
Including pyrolysis furnace body, combustion system, conveyer system and electric control system；
The pyrolysis furnace body be it is horizontal, it is described pyrolysis furnace body burner be equipped with feed inlet, furnace tail be equipped with discharge port, burner is extremely
Region is divided into preheating section, pyrolysis section, soaking zone and cooling section between furnace tail；
The pyrolysis oven bottom of furnace body is equipped with closing pyrolysis furnace body and heats supporting plate；
The conveyer system includes endless-belt and tugboat group, and the both ends of the endless-belt are erected in tugboat group, ascending part
Divide and is erected on heating supporting plate；
The pyrolysis section of pyrolysis furnace body and the underface of soaking zone is arranged in the combustion system；
The feed inlet is equipped with distribution device；
The tugboat group includes active tugboat and driven tugboat；The active tugboat setting is in furnace tail position, driven tugboat setting
In burner position；
The driven tugboat is mounted on the tensioning trolley of burner.
2. electron wastes pyrolysis oven according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the feed inlet is equipped with the double-deck charging and inserts
Plate valve；The discharge port is equipped with the double-deck discharging gate valve.
3. electron wastes pyrolysis oven according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: be equipped at the top of the region of the preheating section
Pyrolysis gas outlet.
4. electron wastes pyrolysis oven according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the combustion system includes two independences
Combustion chamber I and combustion chamber II, be separately positioned on pyrolysis furnace body pyrolysis section and soaking zone underface.
5. electron wastes pyrolysis oven according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: the combustion chamber I and the combustion chamber
Several groups burner is each provided with inside II.
6. electron wastes pyrolysis oven according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: if the outer wall of the cooling section is provided with
Dry group cooling jacket.
7. described in any item electron wastes pyrolysis ovens according to claim 1~6, it is characterised in that: the double-deck material-feeding plugboard valve,
Bilayer discharging gate valve, active tugboat and burner are by electric control system.
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| CN107143856B true CN107143856B (en) | 2019-09-10 |
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| CN105509062A (en) * | 2016-01-20 | 2016-04-20 | 南京工业大学 | Continuous pyrolysis incineration device for full-scale electronic and electrical product waste |
| CN105694930A (en) * | 2016-03-09 | 2016-06-22 | 肖国雄 | Tunnel type intermittent biomass pyrolysis furnace |
| CN106520152A (en) * | 2016-12-12 | 2017-03-22 | 北京神雾环境能源科技集团股份有限公司 | System and method for electronic waste pyrolysis recovery processing |
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