CN110760330A - Organic solid waste pyrolysis and in-situ modification device - Google Patents
Organic solid waste pyrolysis and in-situ modification device Download PDFInfo
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- CN110760330A CN110760330A CN201911165240.6A CN201911165240A CN110760330A CN 110760330 A CN110760330 A CN 110760330A CN 201911165240 A CN201911165240 A CN 201911165240A CN 110760330 A CN110760330 A CN 110760330A
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- pyrolysis
- guide cylinder
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G1/00—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil-shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal
- C10G1/10—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil-shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal from rubber or rubber waste
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G1/00—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil-shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal
Abstract
The invention discloses an organic solid waste pyrolysis and in-situ modification device, which comprises a pyrolysis furnace, a screw feeder, a water vapor generation device and a protective gas generation device; the pyrolysis furnace comprises a furnace body and a furnace tube, a heat supply gas inlet and a heat supply gas outlet are formed in the furnace body, the screw feeder comprises a guide cylinder and a screw pushing mechanism, a raw material outlet of the guide cylinder is communicated with a feeding end of the furnace tube, and a slag discharging port is formed in a discharging end of the furnace tube; the device comprises a guide cylinder, a steam generating device, a protective gas pipeline and a guide cylinder, wherein the guide cylinder is arranged in the guide cylinder, the protective gas pipeline is communicated with the guide cylinder, and a valve is arranged at the joint of the protective gas pipeline and the guide cylinder. The organic solid waste pyrolysis and in-situ modification device with the structure adopts a mode of introducing water vapor into the furnace tube to react to generate hydrogen as a modifier, so that the quality of pyrolysis products is improved, and the cost for improving the quality of the pyrolysis products is greatly reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of cracking of organic solid wastes such as waste tires and plastics, in particular to a device for pyrolyzing and in-situ modifying organic solid wastes.
Background
As is well known, pyrolysis is a heat treatment technique that refers to the conversion of a high molecular weight sample into a low molecular weight product by high temperature in the absence of oxygen or oxygen. The technology has been widely applied in the fields of petrochemical industry and the like. In recent years, attention has been paid to the treatment and disposal of organic solid wastes, and particularly, how to realize the recycling of polymer organic solid wastes becomes one of the key points in the field of solid waste disposal at present. In this context, pyrolysis technology is beginning to find application in the treatment of organic solid waste. The pyrolysis technology has the advantage that the organic solid waste can be recycled in the form of pyrolysis oil. At present, a continuous pyrolysis process is industrially realized, and stable and efficient treatment of organic solid wastes can be realized through the continuous pyrolysis process. Taking waste tires as an example, the oil production by pyrolysis of the waste tires has already been industrialized and becomes an important treatment means for the waste tires. However, in this process, there are many challenges to this technology, wherein the quality of the pyrolysis oil is related to the profitability of the whole project. However, due to the complex composition of the raw material of the tire and the high sulfur content, the pyrolysis oil has a complex composition and a high sulfur content, so the pyrolysis oil has low quality and is difficult to sell at a high price. How to improve the quality of the pyrolysis oil is related to the application of the tire pyrolysis technology. Currently, hydrogenation upgrading is the main way to improve the oil quality, and the main obstacle of the method is that the selling price of hydrogen is expensive.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems of low quality of pyrolysis oil and high quality improvement cost of oil products, the invention aims to provide an organic solid waste pyrolysis and in-situ modification device so as to improve the quality of pyrolysis products and reduce the quality improvement cost of the pyrolysis products.
The invention solves the problems through the following technical means: an organic solid waste pyrolysis and in-situ modification device comprises a pyrolysis furnace, a screw feeder, a water vapor generation device and a protective gas generation device; the pyrolysis furnace comprises a furnace body and a furnace tube, wherein a heating gas inlet and a heating gas outlet are formed in the furnace body, two ends of the furnace tube are sealed through sealing structures, the screw feeder comprises a material guide cylinder and a screw pushing mechanism, a raw material inlet and a raw material outlet are formed in the material guide cylinder, valves are arranged at the raw material inlet and the raw material outlet, the raw material outlet is communicated with a feeding end of the furnace tube, and a slag discharging port is formed in a discharging end of the furnace tube; the device comprises a guide cylinder, a steam generating device, a protective gas pipeline and a guide cylinder, wherein the guide cylinder is arranged in the guide cylinder, the protective gas pipeline is communicated with the guide cylinder, and a valve is arranged at the joint of the protective gas pipeline and the guide cylinder.
Furthermore, a plurality of hot gas inlets are arranged on the top of the furnace body along the direction from the feeding end of the furnace tube to the discharging end of the furnace tube, a hot gas outlet is arranged at the bottom of the furnace body, the steam generating device is communicated with the discharging end of the furnace tube through a steam pipeline, and the pyrolysis gas outlet is arranged at the feeding end of the furnace tube.
Further, one end of the steam pipeline, which is connected with the furnace tube, is provided with a steam distribution pipe, and the steam distribution pipe comprises a gas distribution pipe body and a plurality of gas distribution holes which are uniformly distributed on the gas distribution pipe body.
Furthermore, a water seal structure is arranged at the slag discharge hole.
Furthermore, a plurality of thermocouples are uniformly arranged on the furnace body.
Further, the furnace tube is driven to rotate by a driving mechanism.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. this application adopts to the mode that leads to the reaction of steam in the boiler tube and produce hydrogen as the modifier, compares with directly letting in hydrogen, has not only improved the quality of pyrolysis oil, has improved the quality of solid phase result (pyrolysis charcoal) moreover, simultaneously greatly reduced the cost that pyrolysis product quality promoted, had fine economic benefits.
2. This application leads to the mouth through setting up a plurality of heat supply gas, and every heat supply gas leads to the mouth and lets in the high-temperature gas of different temperatures, can make the interior different regions of formation temperature of boiler tube, if in tire pyrolysis process, the pyrolysis reaction is carried out in the region that the temperature is low (400-.
3. This application combines the screw feeder, has realized the continuous operation of system, can improve the treatment effeciency and the degree of automation of whole system. Meanwhile, before the raw materials enter the furnace tube, the raw materials are in an inert atmosphere under the protection of protective gas, so that the influence of the raw materials on the quality of a pyrolysis product due to reaction and property change in the guide cylinder is avoided.
4. This application can monitor the holistic temperature of pyrolysis oven through setting up the thermocouple.
5. This application is through setting up the water seal structure in row's cinder notch department, can avoid the air admission pyrolysis oven on the one hand, and on the other hand has also realized the rapid cooling who arranges the sediment material.
Drawings
The invention is further described below with reference to the figures and examples.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the figures and examples. The features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the description. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely a few embodiments of the invention, and not all embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1, the apparatus for pyrolyzing and in-situ modifying organic solid wastes in this embodiment comprises a pyrolysis furnace, a screw feeder, a steam generating device 3 and a shielding gas generating device 4. The pyrolysis furnace comprises a furnace body 101 and a furnace tube 102, wherein the top of the furnace body 101 is provided with a plurality of heat supply gas inlets 5 along the direction from the furnace tube feeding end to the furnace tube discharging end, the bottom of the furnace body is provided with a heat supply gas outlet 6, the furnace body is supplied with heat by high-heat gas generated by combustion of an additional combustion chamber or a burner, the high-heat gas flows into the furnace body through the heat supply gas inlets 5, the gas after heat exchange and temperature reduction is discharged through the heat supply gas outlet, when the hot gas is specifically introduced, the temperature of the hot gas introduced through the plurality of heat supply gas inlets 5 is arranged in a gradient manner, the temperature is gradually increased from the furnace tube 102 feeding end to the furnace tube discharging end, so that regions with different temperatures can be formed in the furnace tube, for example, in the tire pyrolysis process, the region with low temperature (400-, therefore, the pyrolysis reaction and the hydrogen generation reaction are carried out in a reasonable temperature range, and the efficiency and the effect of the two reactions are ensured. The furnace tube 102 is heated by heating gas, two ends of the furnace tube are sealed by sealing structures 7, the sealing structures can be graphite sealing ring members, and the sealing structures can realize that the pyrolysis furnace body is in a sealing state in a static state and a running state so as to ensure that the pyrolysis reaction is carried out in an oxygen-insulated environment. Preferably, the furnace tubes are driven to rotate by a driving mechanism, so that the uniformity of heating of the pyrolysis material in the furnace tubes 102 can be improved. Preferably, a plurality of thermocouples 14 are uniformly arranged on the furnace body 101, so that the temperature of the whole pyrolysis furnace can be monitored, and the control of the pyrolysis temperature can be realized by combining the control of the temperature and the flow of hot gas introduced into the hot gas inlet.
The screw feeder comprises a material guide cylinder 201 and a screw pushing mechanism 202, wherein a raw material inlet 203 and a raw material outlet 204 are arranged on the material guide cylinder 201, valves 8 are arranged at the raw material inlet and the raw material outlet, and the valves can be electromagnetic valves, pneumatic gate valves and the like. The raw material outlet 204 is communicated with the feed end of the furnace tube 102, the discharge end of the furnace tube 102 is provided with a slag discharge port 9, and the slag discharge port is provided with a water seal structure 15. Through set up the water seal structure in row's cinder notch department, can avoid the air admission pyrolysis oven on the one hand, on the other hand has also realized the rapid cooling who arranges the sediment material.
The steam generating device 3 is communicated with the discharge end of the furnace tube 102 through a steam pipeline 10, the feed end of the furnace tube 102 is provided with a pyrolysis gas discharge port 11, one end of the steam pipeline 10 connected with the furnace tube 102 is provided with a steam gas distribution pipe 13, the steam gas distribution pipe comprises a gas distribution pipe body and a plurality of gas distribution holes uniformly distributed on the gas distribution pipe body, and the gas distribution pipe body radially stretches across in the furnace tube. By adopting the structure design, the steam can be ensured to be uniformly introduced into the furnace pipe.
The protective gas generating device 4 is communicated with the material guide cylinder through a protective gas pipeline 12, and a valve is also arranged at the joint of the protective gas pipeline 12 and the material guide cylinder 201. The shielding gas may be nitrogen or an inert gas. By adopting the structural design, before the raw materials enter the furnace tube, the raw materials are in an inert atmosphere under the protection action of the protective gas, so that the influence on the quality of a pyrolysis product caused by the reaction and the property change of the raw materials in the guide shell is avoided.
The specific pyrolysis reaction process is detailed below by taking pyrolysis of waste tires as an example:
high-temperature gas is generated in the combustor through the combustion of fuel, the high-temperature gas is introduced into the furnace body through the heat supply gas inlet 5, the high-temperature gas heats the furnace tube 102, reaction areas with different temperatures are formed in the furnace tube, wherein the area with low temperature (400-. When the temperature in the furnace tube reaches the target temperature, the feeding is started, during the feeding, the valve at the raw material inlet 203 is opened, the valve at the raw material outlet 204 is closed, and the crushed waste tire raw material enters the guide cylinder 201. After the feeding is finished, the valve at the raw material inlet 203 is closed, the valve of the protective gas pipeline 12 is opened, the protective gas is filled into the guide material barrel 201, so that the raw material is in an inert atmosphere, then, the valve at the raw material outlet 204 is opened, and the raw material is pushed into a pyrolysis zone in the furnace pipe through the raw material outlet by the screw pushing mechanism 202 to be pyrolyzed.
Along with the proceeding of the pyrolysis reaction, the gas production rate of the pyrolysis furnace gradually tends to be stable, when the pyrolysis reaction tends to be stable, the water vapor is introduced, on one hand, the water vapor generates hydrogen through the reaction with gas-phase or solid-phase products, the content of the hydrogen in the furnace tube is gradually increased and can reach about 40% at most, the hydrogen is used as a modifier, through the gas-phase reaction, the content of oxygen element and sulfur element in the pyrolysis gas is reduced, the reforming of the pyrolysis gas is realized, and the fuel quality of the generated pyrolysis oil is greatly improved after the pyrolysis gas is condensed, so that the quality improvement of the pyrolysis oil is realized. On the other hand, water vapor can undergo a gas-solid reaction with the solid-phase product (pyrolytic carbon). In the process, through the gas-solid reaction of water vapor and the solid phase product, a large amount of organic matters attached to the surface of the solid phase product are reduced, and simultaneously, the pore structure is developed, so that the high-value resource utilization of the solid phase product is facilitated. Meanwhile, the generation amount of hydrogen can be controlled by controlling the temperature of the pyrolysis furnace and the amount of introduced water vapor, so that the yield of each phase product in the pyrolysis process and the quality of the pyrolysis product can be relatively and accurately regulated.
Pyrolysis gas is discharged out of the pyrolysis furnace from a pyrolysis gas outlet 11, and a pyrolysis oil product can be obtained after passing through a subsequent condensing device and a liquid-gas separation and oil-water separation device. In the specific pyrolysis process, the pipeline connecting the pyrolysis gas outlet and the condensing device needs to be subjected to heat preservation treatment to prevent pyrolysis oil from being condensed in the pipeline. The non-condensing gas can be introduced into a burner for burning, so as to supply heat for the whole system. The incineration tail gas mainly contains SO2And the acid gas is discharged after being properly treated.
Residue after junked tire pyrolysis is discharged through row cinder notch 9, and row cinder notch department is provided with water seal structure 15, can prevent that the air from gushing into the pyrolysis oven on the one hand, and on the other hand also can realize the rapid cooling of pyrolysis residue to convenient storage or subsequent processing technology.
Finally, the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting, although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions may be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all of them should be covered in the claims of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides an organic solid useless pyrolysis and normal position modification device which characterized in that: comprises a pyrolysis furnace, a screw feeder, a water vapor generating device and a protective gas generating device; the pyrolysis furnace comprises a furnace body and a furnace tube, wherein a heating gas inlet and a heating gas outlet are formed in the furnace body, two ends of the furnace tube are sealed through sealing structures, the screw feeder comprises a material guide cylinder and a screw pushing mechanism, a raw material inlet and a raw material outlet are formed in the material guide cylinder, valves are arranged at the raw material inlet and the raw material outlet, the raw material outlet is communicated with a feeding end of the furnace tube, and a slag discharging port is formed in a discharging end of the furnace tube; the device comprises a guide cylinder, a steam generating device, a protective gas pipeline and a guide cylinder, wherein the guide cylinder is arranged in the guide cylinder, the protective gas pipeline is communicated with the guide cylinder, and a valve is arranged at the joint of the protective gas pipeline and the guide cylinder.
2. The apparatus for organic solid waste pyrolysis and in-situ modification according to claim 1, wherein: the furnace body is characterized in that a plurality of heating gas inlet openings are formed in the top of the furnace body along the direction from the feeding end of the furnace tube to the discharging end of the furnace tube, the heating gas outlet opening is formed in the bottom of the furnace body, the steam generating device is communicated with the discharging end of the furnace tube through a steam pipeline, and the pyrolysis gas outlet opening is formed in the feeding end of the furnace tube.
3. The apparatus for organic solid waste pyrolysis and in-situ modification according to claim 2, wherein: the steam distribution pipe comprises a gas distribution pipe body and a plurality of gas distribution holes uniformly distributed on the gas distribution pipe body.
4. The apparatus for pyrolysis and in-situ modification of organic solid wastes according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: and a water seal structure is arranged at the slag discharge hole.
5. The apparatus for organic solid waste pyrolysis and in-situ modification according to claim 4, wherein: a plurality of thermocouples are uniformly arranged on the furnace body.
6. The apparatus for organic solid waste pyrolysis and in-situ modification according to claim 5, wherein: the furnace tube is driven to rotate by the driving mechanism.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201911165240.6A CN110760330A (en) | 2019-11-25 | 2019-11-25 | Organic solid waste pyrolysis and in-situ modification device |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201911165240.6A CN110760330A (en) | 2019-11-25 | 2019-11-25 | Organic solid waste pyrolysis and in-situ modification device |
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107143856A (en) * | 2017-03-28 | 2017-09-08 | 中南大学 | A kind of electron wastes pyrolysis oven |
| CN109207180A (en) * | 2018-11-22 | 2019-01-15 | 湖南顶立科技有限公司 | Waste tire continuous pyrolysis furnace |
| CN109825317A (en) * | 2019-03-29 | 2019-05-31 | 洛阳建材建筑设计研究院有限公司 | A kind of house refuse thermal pyrolysis device and method |
| CN211497509U (en) * | 2019-11-25 | 2020-09-15 | 长沙工研院环保有限公司 | Organic solid waste pyrolysis and in-situ modification device |
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- 2019-11-25 CN CN201911165240.6A patent/CN110760330A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107143856A (en) * | 2017-03-28 | 2017-09-08 | 中南大学 | A kind of electron wastes pyrolysis oven |
| CN109207180A (en) * | 2018-11-22 | 2019-01-15 | 湖南顶立科技有限公司 | Waste tire continuous pyrolysis furnace |
| CN109825317A (en) * | 2019-03-29 | 2019-05-31 | 洛阳建材建筑设计研究院有限公司 | A kind of house refuse thermal pyrolysis device and method |
| CN211497509U (en) * | 2019-11-25 | 2020-09-15 | 长沙工研院环保有限公司 | Organic solid waste pyrolysis and in-situ modification device |
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