CN107141508A - 一种废旧轮胎胶粉的脱硫活化处理工艺 - Google Patents
一种废旧轮胎胶粉的脱硫活化处理工艺 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种废旧轮胎胶粉的脱硫活化处理工艺,将废轮胎胶粉经微波处理预硫化后,添加脱硫助剂,在双螺杆挤出机中发生机械剪切‑化学脱硫反应,最后进行低温等离子体活化,即得脱硫活化后的废轮胎胶粉。废轮胎胶粉在力化学反应作用下,脱硫助剂更容易渗透到胶粉内部,交联网络结构中的S‑S、C‑S键被切断,从而使胶粉从三维网络结构恢复为线型结构,再经低温等离子体活化后的胶粉刻蚀活化,提高了胶粉的比表面积及表面活性基团含量,促进胶粉与沥青、橡胶等基质的其界面结合能力。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及轮胎胶粉再利用技术领域,具体涉及一种废旧轮胎胶粉的脱硫活化处理工艺。
背景技术
随着汽车产业的快速发展,废旧轮胎的产量也在逐年的递增,这不仅给环境造成了严重的威胁,而且还导致的大量的资源浪费;因此,对于废旧轮胎的回收再利用,不仅有助于缓解环境问题,而且能够实现资源的可持续化应用和发展。
但硫化胶粉中橡胶分子链已经交联成网络结构,流动性差,表面活性低,加工性能差,与其他成型加工的高聚物之间的界面结合能力较差,若直接与其他橡胶共混后,使得制备的产品的性能急剧下降。故而,对于废旧轮胎的胶粉再利用需要对胶粉进行活化处理后再利用,这样才有助于提高产品的性能,促进废旧轮胎胶粉再利用,降低工艺成本。
采用单一的微波辐射处理,能够获得其最佳的处理时间以及功率,但对于胶粉的活化处理,仅仅是微波辐射处理,使得制备的胶粉的品质依然不能满足对胶粉活性的要求,使得胶粉的使用范围受到局限性,进而导致制备的产品的抗拉伸强度和断裂伸长率较低,共混后的性能还会下降。
发明内容
本发明提供了一种废旧轮胎胶粉的脱硫活化处理工艺,降低废旧轮胎胶粉的交联程度,提高其表面活性。
一种废旧轮胎胶粉的脱硫活化处理工艺,将废轮胎胶粉经微波处理预硫化后,添加脱硫助剂,在双螺杆挤出机中发生机械剪切-化学脱硫反应,最后进行低温等离子体活化,即得脱硫活化后的废轮胎胶粉。
具体步骤如下:
(1)微波处理:
筛选30-60目废旧轮胎胶粉平铺在微波瓷盘里,控制厚度在4-6mm,使其受到充分而均匀的微波辐射,设定微波功率和辐射时间,将瓷盘置于微波化学反应器中进行微波脱硫处理;
(2)将上述经微波处理后的废轮胎胶粉与脱硫助剂经高速搅拌机搅拌混合均匀,之后加入到双螺杆挤出机中,进行熔融挤出脱硫反应,挤出物经水冷、切粒得到脱硫胶粉,之后在75-85℃真空烘箱中干燥4-6小时;
(3)低温等离子体活化:
将上述脱硫胶粉均匀平铺在200目筛网上,水平放置于低温等离子体活化仪内腔中,抽真空至腔内气压真空度为30-60Pa,开启电源放电,控制腔内气压满足辉光放电,产生低温等离子体,活化 2-8分钟,即得活化胶粉。
其中,步骤(1)所述的微波功率为800-1500W,辐射时间为40-60s。
其中,所述的脱硫助剂是指正丁胺、二苯基二硫醚或二苯甲酰氨基二硫化物中的一种,其用量为胶粉的1-3%。
其中,所述的双螺杆挤出机的螺杆转速为1200-2000r/min,反应区温度为170-210℃。
其中,所述的低温等离子体活化仪的频率为40-50kHz,放电功率为400-600W。
与现有技术相比,本发明具有以下优点:
(1)本发明中首先采用微波辐射对废旧轮胎胶粉进行处理,削弱了硫碳键强度,打断了胶粉交联结构中的部分S-S键和C-S键,之后在挤出机的剪切应力作用下,交联胶粉的网络结构被高度拉伸,S-S、C-S键达到断裂极限,实现了切断交联键的目的,从而使交联密度降低,同时脱硫助剂更容易渗透到胶粉内部,加快了交联键的断裂反应,对轮胎胶粉脱硫起到了明显的促进作用,从而使胶粉从三维网络结构恢复为线型结构,并且交联硫键仍然留在分子链上具有活性,在没有硫磺存在下可以再次硫化。
(2)将脱硫后的废轮胎胶粉进行活化处理,经低温等离子体活化后的胶粉刻蚀现象明显,表面粗糙度提高,使得胶粉比表面积增大,提高了胶粉与基质的有效接触面积;另一方面可引入含氧官能团,增加胶粉中-OH基团和C=C双键的含量,提高胶粉表面活性基团含量,促进胶粉与沥青、橡胶等基质中的活性基团发生反应,提高其界面结合能力。
具体实施方式
一种废旧轮胎胶粉的脱硫活化处理工艺,将废轮胎胶粉经微波处理预硫化后,添加脱硫助剂,在双螺杆挤出机中发生机械剪切-化学脱硫反应,最后进行低温等离子体活化,即得脱硫活化后的废轮胎胶粉。
具体步骤如下:
(1)微波处理:
筛选50目废旧轮胎胶粉平铺在微波瓷盘里,控制厚度在5mm,使其受到充分而均匀的微波辐射,设定微波功率和辐射时间,将瓷盘置于微波化学反应器中进行微波脱硫处理;
(2)将上述经微波处理后的废轮胎胶粉与脱硫助剂经高速搅拌机搅拌混合均匀,之后加入到双螺杆挤出机中,进行熔融挤出脱硫反应,挤出物经水冷、切粒得到脱硫胶粉,之后在80℃真空烘箱中干燥5小时;
(3)低温等离子体活化:
将上述脱硫胶粉均匀平铺在200目筛网上,水平放置于低温等离子体活化仪内腔中,抽真空至腔内气压真空度为40Pa,开启电源放电,控制腔内气压满足辉光放电,产生低温等离子体,活化5分钟,即得活化胶粉。
其中,步骤(1)所述的微波功率为1450W,辐射时间为40s。
其中,所述的脱硫助剂是指正丁胺,其用量为胶粉的1.5%。
其中,所述的双螺杆挤出机的螺杆转速为1800r/min,反应区温度为185℃。
其中,所述的低温等离子体活化仪的频率为50kHz,放电功率为500W。
Claims (6)
1.一种废旧轮胎胶粉的脱硫活化处理工艺,其特征在于,将废轮胎胶粉经微波处理预硫化后,添加脱硫助剂,在双螺杆挤出机中发生机械剪切-化学脱硫反应,最后进行低温等离子体活化,即得脱硫活化后的废轮胎胶粉。
2.根据权利要求书1所述的一种废旧轮胎胶粉的脱硫活化处理工艺,其特征在于,具体步骤如下:
(1)微波处理:
筛选30-60目废旧轮胎胶粉平铺在微波瓷盘里,控制厚度在4-6mm,使其受到充分而均匀的微波辐射,设定微波功率和辐射时间,将瓷盘置于微波化学反应器中进行微波脱硫处理;
(2)将上述经微波处理后的废轮胎胶粉与脱硫助剂经高速搅拌机搅拌混合均匀,之后加入到双螺杆挤出机中,进行熔融挤出脱硫反应,挤出物经水冷、切粒得到脱硫胶粉,之后在75-85℃真空烘箱中干燥4-6小时;
(3)低温等离子体活化:
将上述脱硫胶粉均匀平铺在200目筛网上,水平放置于低温等离子体活化仪内腔中,抽真空至腔内气压真空度为30-60Pa,开启电源放电,控制腔内气压满足辉光放电,产生低温等离子体,活化 2-8分钟,即得活化胶粉。
3.根据权利要求书2所述的一种废旧轮胎胶粉的脱硫活化处理工艺,其特征在于,步骤(1)所述的微波功率为800-1500W,辐射时间为40-60s。
4.根据权利要求书1、2所述的一种废旧轮胎胶粉的脱硫活化处理工艺,其特征在于,所述的脱硫助剂是指正丁胺、二苯基二硫醚或二苯甲酰氨基二硫化物中的一种,其用量为胶粉的1-3%。
5.根据权利要求书2所述的一种废旧轮胎胶粉的脱硫活化处理工艺,其特征在于,所述的双螺杆挤出机的螺杆转速为1200-2000r/min,反应区温度为170-210℃。
6.根据权利要求书2所述的一种废旧轮胎胶粉的脱硫活化处理工艺,其特征在于,所述的低温等离子体活化仪的频率为40-50kHz,放电功率为400-600W。
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Cited By (4)
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CN107936589A (zh) * | 2017-11-24 | 2018-04-20 | 同济大学 | 表面改性胶粉和改性沥青及其制备方法 |
CN108977079A (zh) * | 2018-08-16 | 2018-12-11 | 马鞍山市永固防水科技有限公司 | 一种用有机蒙脱土-氢氧化铝阻燃改性制备楼顶隔热防水垫沥青涂层的方法 |
CN109929257A (zh) * | 2019-04-12 | 2019-06-25 | 长安大学 | 一种胶粉-塑化胶粉协同改性的沥青及其制备方法 |
CN111440455A (zh) * | 2020-04-15 | 2020-07-24 | 安徽省克林泰迩再生资源科技有限公司 | 一种利用废旧轮胎胶粉进行沥青改性处理的方法 |
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Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN107936589A (zh) * | 2017-11-24 | 2018-04-20 | 同济大学 | 表面改性胶粉和改性沥青及其制备方法 |
CN108977079A (zh) * | 2018-08-16 | 2018-12-11 | 马鞍山市永固防水科技有限公司 | 一种用有机蒙脱土-氢氧化铝阻燃改性制备楼顶隔热防水垫沥青涂层的方法 |
CN109929257A (zh) * | 2019-04-12 | 2019-06-25 | 长安大学 | 一种胶粉-塑化胶粉协同改性的沥青及其制备方法 |
CN111440455A (zh) * | 2020-04-15 | 2020-07-24 | 安徽省克林泰迩再生资源科技有限公司 | 一种利用废旧轮胎胶粉进行沥青改性处理的方法 |
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